兔胚胎软骨细胞移植修复关节软骨缺损的初步研究

目的　采用兔胚胎软骨细胞培养移植修复关节软骨缺损 ,并对其组织形态学进行观察。方法　在成兔股骨内侧髁作关节软骨缺损模型 ,实验组采用生物蛋白胶与胚胎软骨细胞相混后 ,植入兔膝关节实验性软骨缺损区 ,对照组不做任何处理或单纯用生物蛋白胶移植修补 ,分别于术后 4、8、1 2周观察关节软骨缺损修复的情况 ,并对其进行组织学评分。结果　实验组在胚胎软骨细胞移植 8、1 2周后 ,于缺损区内可形成透明软骨 ,组织评分及效果评定优于对照组。结论　胚胎软骨细胞移植组所产生的修复组织接近正常软骨组织 ,明显优于对照组     

组织工程修复关节软骨缺损的实验研究

目的　用组织工程的方法 ,将新生关节软骨细胞先在高分子聚乳酸材料上进行体外培养 ,然后移植于关节软骨缺损处 ,以达到修复关节软骨缺损的目的。方法　取新生新西兰兔关节软骨细胞培养于高分子聚乳酸材料支架上。将 16只兔的 32个膝关节股骨髁处人工造成一 4m m× 6 m m大小缺损 ,并随机分为二组。 组 10只兔 ,2 0个关节缺损 ,用软骨细胞 -高分子聚乳酸移植修复。 组 6只兔 ,左膝用软骨细胞 -高分子聚乳酸移植体修复 ,表面覆盖单层软骨细胞 ;右膝仅用高分子聚乳酸材料修复。术后分别于 4、8、12、2 4周取标本进行大体、光镜、组织化学的方法进行结果评估。结果　用软骨细胞 -高分子聚乳酸移植体能修复关节软骨缺损 ,且为透明软骨。新生软骨组织胶原定型为 型胶原。结论　用软骨细胞 -高分子聚乳酸移植体移植 ,关节软骨缺损能获得透明软骨修复     

同种异体软骨细胞复合PLGA支架修复关节软骨缺损的免疫学观察

目的应用同种异体软骨细胞移植修复兔膝关节软骨缺损,评估术后免疫学表现及其修复效果。方法供体为1月龄新西兰兔1只,取其膝关节全层软骨片,0.25%胰蛋白酶和0.2%Ⅱ型胶原酶消化,分离培养软骨细胞。受体为4月龄新西兰兔30只,暴露股骨髁前面关节面,用钻在股骨内髁制作直径4mm、深2mm（达髓腔）的关节软骨缺损模型。软骨细胞移植组植入体外培养12d的PLGA软骨细胞复合体,PLGA移植组只植入PLGA,假手术组只做皮肤切开手术。术后不固定患肢,兔笼中活动。术前、术后3、5、7、12周分离受体外周血淋巴细胞,检测其与异体软骨细胞和PLGA混合后的刺激指数（stimulation index,SI）;术后5、7、12周取修复区软骨及软骨下骨观察局部组织学反应。结果软骨细胞移植组术后检测到淋巴细胞增殖,移植物局部见到淋巴细胞浸润。结论同种异体软骨细胞复合PLGA移植存在免疫反应。     

自体骨髓基质干细胞修复股骨头关节软骨缺损的实验研究

目的 探讨自体骨髓基质干细胞修复兔股骨头软骨缺损的可行性.方法 1、建立兔髋关节软骨缺损动物模型16只,对照组8只,实验组8只;2、取兔髂骨骨髓,体外分离、培养、扩增、骨髓基质干细胞,诱导分化为软骨样细胞并进行细父胞标记;3、与生物材料混合后植入体内修复兔股骨头关节软骨缺损,8周后观察修复效果;结果 8周后大体标本显示关节软骨缺损为白色软骨样组织填充,组织切片显示缺损处有新生软骨形成,阿新兰染色和Ⅱ型胶原免疫组化检测有GAG和Ⅱ型胶原强阳性表达;结论经诱导分化后的自体骨髓基质干细胞复合生物材料移植可用于修复兔股骨头关节软骨缺损.     

自体骨髓基质干细胞修复股骨头关节软骨缺损的实验研究

目的 探讨自体骨髓基质干细胞修复兔股骨头软骨缺损的可行性.方法 1、建立兔髋关节软骨缺损动物模型16只,对照组8只,实验组8只;2、取兔髂骨骨髓,体外分离、培养、扩增、骨髓基质干细胞,诱导分化为软骨样细胞并进行细父胞标记;3、与生物材料混合后植入体内修复兔股骨头关节软骨缺损,8周后观察修复效果;结果 8周后大体标本显示关节软骨缺损为白色软骨样组织填充,组织切片显示缺损处有新生软骨形成,阿新兰染色和Ⅱ型胶原免疫组化检测有GAG和Ⅱ型胶原强阳性表达;结论经诱导分化后的自体骨髓基质干细胞复合生物材料移植可用于修复兔股骨头关节软骨缺损.     

关节软骨缺损修复细胞的体视学变化

[目的 ]利用图像分析技术 ,进一步了解关节软骨缺损的修复过程 .[方法 ]在 38只家兔双侧膝关节股骨髌面制作 3 0mm× 6 0mm全层关节软骨缺损区 ,随机分成红骨髓移植组、红骨髓 骨膜复合移植组和骨膜移植组 ,观察家兔股骨髌面软骨体视学变化 ,包括计算单个修复细胞面积及修复组织数密度 .[结果 ]透明软骨细胞除单个细胞面积数值较小外 ,修复组织数密度较钙化软骨细胞的数值高 ;各组再生组织中的单个细胞面积随时间推移逐渐增大 ,而修复组织数密度随时间推移逐渐减少 .     

带蒂骨膜瓣翻转移植修复兔关节软骨缺损

目的 :设计建立一种以骨膜固有血管血供为主的带蒂骨膜瓣翻转移植修复关节软骨缺损的新方法。方法 :用墨汁混合液血管灌注观察大耳白兔股骨外髁部切取的“U”形骨膜瓣模型的血供。取大耳白兔 32只 ,在双膝股骨髌面外侧造成 5mm× 8mm的全层软骨缺损 ,分别行带蒂骨膜瓣 (实验组 )和游离骨膜移植 (对照组 ) ,术后 2周、4周、8周、12周取材行组织形态学观察。结果 :该骨膜瓣模型的血供主要来自骨膜固有血管 ,可维持骨膜瓣的存活。术后 4周 ,对照组和实验组新生组织的优势组织性质分别为纤维组织和幼稚软骨 ,术后 12周 ,实验组有75 %的优势组织性质为类透明软骨 ,对照组为 12 .5 % ,2组比较差异有统计学意义 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论 :带蒂骨膜瓣移植的成软骨能力优于自体游离骨膜移植 ,且取材简便、术式简单、操作容易。     

自体红骨髓-骨膜碎片复合移植修复关节软骨缺损的形态学研究

[目的 ]观察自体红骨髓 骨膜碎片复合移植修复关节软骨缺损的形态学变化 .[方法 ]将自体红骨髓和骨膜碎片复合移植到 2 0例家兔膝关节股骨髌面上制作的 3 0mm× 6 0mm全层关节软骨缺损区 ,通过肉眼、光学显微镜、电子显微镜和图像分析等方法 ,观察不同时期缺损区修复组织的形态学变化 .[结果 ]术后第 4周缺损区修复组织细胞形态、分布及排列接近周围正常软骨组织 ,修复组织中单个软骨细胞平均面积达到正常水平 .[结论 ]自体红骨髓 骨膜碎片复合移植组织具有良好的成软骨能力 .     

红骨髓-骨膜复合组织移植修复关节软骨缺损的实验观察

[目的 ]观察红骨髓 骨膜复合组织移植修复关节软骨缺损的形态变化过程 .[方法 ]在 2 4只家兔双侧膝关节制作 3 0mm× 6 0mm的全层关节软骨缺损区 ,随机分成红骨髓 骨膜复合移植组和单纯骨膜移植组 ,通过肉眼、光学显微镜及电子显微镜观察和图像分析方法 ,观察不同时期修复组织的形态变化 .[结果 ]红骨髓 骨膜复合移植组于术后第 8周、单纯骨膜移植组于术后第 12周修复组织细胞的形态、分布及排列接近正常软骨组织 ,单个修复细胞面积达到正常软骨细胞水平 .[结论 ]红骨髓 骨膜复合移植组和单纯骨膜移植组均能够修复关节软骨缺损 ,而红骨髓 骨膜复合移植组的修复时间明星短于单纯骨膜移植组     

自体骨膜移植修复关节软骨缺损的实验观察

[目的 ]探寻修复关节软骨缺损的有效方法 ,实验观察自体骨膜移植修复关节软骨缺损的变化过程 .[方法 ]将自体骨膜移植于 2 4例中国家兔膝关节股骨髌面制作的 3 0mm× 6 0mm全层关节软骨缺损区 ,通过肉眼、光学显微镜、电子显微镜观察和图像分析等方法 ,观察不同时期修复组织的形态变化 .[结果 ]自体骨膜于术后第 12周完全修复关节软骨缺损区 ,修复组织中细胞分布及排列接近周围正常软骨组织 ,整个细胞被胶原原纤维环绕 ,经方差分析示 ,实验组单个细胞面积与空白对照组的相比有显著性差异 .[结论 ]自体骨膜具有成软骨能力 ,其参与修复关节软骨缺损区的细胞有骨膜内未分化间充质细胞和骨原细胞     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.