Marked elevation of B-type natriuretic peptide in patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction

Marked elevations of B-type natriuretic peptide （BNP） are not generally seen in patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction （HFpEF）. The objective of this study was to examine the clinical and laboratory characteristics of a large cohort of patients with HFpEF and markedly elevated BNP. A retrospective examination of 421 inpatients at a university hospital admitted with a diagnosis of HFpEF was performed. Clinical and echocardiographic data in 4 groups of patients with levels of BNP ≤ 100 pg/mL, 100-400 pg/mL, 400-1,000 pg/mL and 〉 1,000 pg/mL were compared. Patients with HFpEF and BNP 〉 1,000 pg/mL （28% of the population） were characterized by impaired renal function and greater use of anti-hypertensive medications. A subset of these patients with BNP 〉 1,000 pg/mL had normal renal function （21%） and were significantly older, more frequently female, and tended to have lower ejection fractions. Conversely, patients with HFpEF and BNP ≤100 pg/mL were younger and had preserved renal function. BNP was inversely related to the likelihood of subsequent admission for heart failure, but not to myocardial infarction or death. In conclusion： BNP 〉 1,000 pg/mL is seen in almost 1/3 of patients hospitalized with HFpEF. This elevation of BNP often reflects impaired renal function, but can also be seen in patients with preserved renal function but relatively impaired systolic function.     

心力衰竭患者血清CA125和血浆BNP水平变化的探讨

目的：研究心力衰竭（HF）患者血清CA125浓度变化情况,探讨血清CA125在HF患者疾病监测、治疗中的临床价值。方法：161例临床确诊为HF的患者作为研究对象,根据并按照纽约心脏学会（NYHA）分为Ⅰ级～Ⅳ级,用化学发光免疫法检测血清CA125和血浆BNP的浓度,并选择性别、年龄相匹配的30例排除特征的普通病人作为对照。结果：在HF组中,Ⅳ级、Ⅲ级的血清CA125浓度较对照组显著升高（P〈0.05）,血清CA125浓度与左室射血分数呈负相关（P〈0.05）,与血浆BNP浓度呈正相关（P〈0.05）,含有胸腔或是心包积液患者血清CA125和血浆BNP浓度明显高于不含积液的患者（P〈0.05）。结论：HF患者血清CA125浓度与NYHA分级有明显相关性,可作为判断HF严重程度、预测疾病进展的实验室指标。     

Relationship between B-type natriuretic peptide serum level,echocardiographic TEI index and the degree of diastolic dysfunction in patients with heart failure with preserved systolic function

Introduction

The growing number of heart failure (HF) patients is becoming an important issue in cardiology. B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) is a recognized marker of HF, including in patients with preserved systolic function. The TEI index is an indicator of left ventricular function. The aim of the study was to evaluate the relationship between BNP serum level, TEI index and the degree of diastolic dysfunction in patients with HF symptoms and preserved systolic function.

Material and methods

Hundred patients with arterial hypertension and preserved systolic function were enrolled in the study. The study group consisted of 51 individuals with impaired diastolic function and HF symptoms. Fourty-nine hypertensive individuals without HF symptoms were assigned to the control group. B-type natriuretic peptide and echocardiographic examination were performed. Patients were divided into 4 subgroups – with normal diastolic function, impaired relaxation, pseudonormalization and restriction.

Results

Median value of BNP in patients with normal diastolic function was 28.36 pg/ml, 87.10 pg/ml in patients with impaired relaxation, 212.75 pg/ml and 461.56 pg/ml in the pseudonormalization and restriction group respectively (p < 0.0001). The median value of the TEI index was: 0.386 in patients with normal diastolic function, 0.507 in individuals with impaired relaxation, 0.639 and 0.725 in the pseudonormalization and restriction group respectively. All the differences were statistically significant (p < 0.0001). A significant positive correlation (r = 0.80, p < 0.001) between BNP and the TEI index was found.

Conclusions

In hypertensive patients with HF symptoms and preserved left ventricular systolic function a highly significant increase in BNP serum level and in the TEI index values related to the deterioration of diastolic dysfunction was found.     

血清BNP、CA125表达在老年慢性心力衰竭预后评估中的应用

目的检测老年慢性心力衰竭患者血清B型钠尿肽(BNP)、CA125水平,分析其与患者生存预后的关系。方法选取2013年1月至2015年1月我院收治的115例老年慢性心力衰竭(CHF)患者为研究对象,同期30例体检健康者为对照组。检测两组受试者血清BNP及CA125水平,分析两者与心功能分级的相关性;分析影响患者预后的因素,并采用受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)分析患者生存预后的效能。结果对照组血清BNP、CA125明显低于CHF组患者(P<0.05),Ⅳ级BNP水平明显高于Ⅲ级及Ⅱ级患者(q=44. 237、38.232,均P <0. 05),Ⅳ级CA125水平明显高于Ⅲ级及Ⅱ级患者(q=36.329、25.425,均P<0.05);Spearman相关性分析显示,BNP及CA125均与CHF患者心功能分级呈正相关(r_s=7. 803、5. 331,均P<0.05);单因素分析显示死亡组患者既往存在高血压史、冠心病史、伴有肾损伤、心功能分级Ⅲ～Ⅳ级分布比例明显高于生存组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),死亡组患者血清BNP、CA125水平明显高于生存组,血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平明显低于生存组,比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。进一步回归分析显示,心功能Ⅲ～Ⅳ级、血清高BNP及CA125为患者死亡的独立影响因素(P<0.05);心功能分级、血清BNP及CA125均对患者生存预后具有一定的诊断价值,联合检测诊断CHF预后的效能明显高于任一单一指标诊断。结论血清BNP、CA125在CHF患者体内水平较高,联合检测可提高诊断患者预后的效能。     

急性冠状动脉综合征介入治疗前后脑钠肽变化及对临床预后的判断

目的通过测定急性冠状动脉综合征患者介入治疗前后血浆脑钠肽（BNP）水平的变化,探讨急性冠状动脉综合征介入治疗（PCI）对急性冠状动脉综合征患者血浆BNP变化及对临床病情和预后的判断。方法冠心病介入治疗（PCI）168例,分为存活组（143例）和死亡组（25例）;对存活组患者随访至6个月分别测定血浆BNP及死亡、再入院率,超声心动图检查（UCG）左室射血分数（LVEF）。结果PCI术后血浆BNP水平比术前明显降低,从术前的血BNP浓度在（176±27）ng／L逐渐升高,至术后6个月降低到（98±6）ng／L,与术前相比差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。死亡组患者术前血BNP浓度水平比存活组明显升高（P〈0．05）。存活组和死亡组LVEF[（57．0±14．1）％比（31．0±15．0）％,P〈0．01]有统计学意义,Logistic多变量逐步回归分析显示,BNP是预测ACS患者PCI治疗预后的独立预测因子,且与LVEF呈负相关。结论PCI可降低ACS患者血液BNP水平,但术前BNP水平,常提示预后不良     

心力衰竭患儿治疗前后血清APN、BNP、ANF检测的临床意义

目的:探讨了心力衰竭患者治疗前后血清APN、BNP、ANF水平的变化及临床意义.方法:应用放免法和酶联法对30例心力衰竭患者进行了治疗前后血清APN、BNP和ANF检测,并与35名正常健康人作比较.结果:心力衰竭患者在治疗前血清APN水平非常显著地低于正常人组(P<0.01),而血清BNP、ANF水平则非常显著地高于正...     

98例慢性心力衰竭患者血浆BNP和血脂变化及意义

目的：探讨98例慢性心力衰竭（CHF）患者的血浆脑钠素（BNP）和血脂分析早期诊断和治疗的临床意义。方法：化学发光免疫分析测定了98例CHF患者（其中Ⅱ级心功能38例,Ⅲ级心功能30例,Ⅳ心功能30例）血浆中的BNP水平。48例CHF（其中Ⅲ级心功能24例,Ⅳ级心功能24例）测定了抗CHF药物综合治疗后的血浆BNP水平并与治疗前进行了对比性分析。生化法测定了98例CHF患者的血脂水平,包括总胆固醇（TC）、三酰甘油（TG）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）并与60例正常对照组进行了比较性分析。结果：98例CHF患者血浆BNP水平较之60例正常对照组明显增高（P〈0.01）,并随CHF心功能的恶化,血浆BNP水平呈上升趋势,而LVEF呈下降趋势;抗CHF药物综合治疗后,血浆BNP水平明显降低（P〈0.05）。血脂分析表明,98例CHF患者较之60例正常对照组,血清TC、TG和HDL-C水平明显降低（P〈0.05～0.01）,而LDL-C水平明显增高（P〈0.05～0.01）,CHF患者Ⅱ～Ⅳ级心功能之间血脂无明显差异（P〉0.05）。结论：CHF中血浆BNP水平和血脂分析不仅是CHF急诊早期诊断的有效指标,而且血浆BNP水平的动态观察是CHF疗效考核的良好佐证。     

Association of natriuretic peptide polymorphisms with left ventricular dysfunction in southern Han Chinese coronary artery disease patients

Background: Left ventricular dysfunction (LVD) occurs with myocardial ischemia and coronary artery disease (CAD). The natriuretic peptide system has compensatory vasodilatory, natriuretic and paracrine effects on LVD and subsequent heart failure. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between natriuretic peptide polymorphisms and risk of LVD in CAD patients. Methods: We recruited 747 consecutive Southern Han Chinese patients with angiographically confirmed CAD, 201 had a reduced left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF ≤45%, LVD group) and 546 had a preserved left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF >45%). The reduced and preserved LVEF groups were matched by gender and age. Taqman assays were performed to identify five polymorphisms in the NPPA-NPPB locus (rs5065, rs5063, rs632793, rs198388 and rs198389). Results: Single-locus analyses found no significant difference in the allele and genotype frequencies of the reduced and preserved LVEF group, even after adjusting for confounding factors. Subgroup analyses performed by hyperlipidemia (HLP) demonstrated 3 polymorphisms, rs632793 (OR = 0.31, 95% CI 0.1-0.93, P = 0.04), rs198388 (OR = 0.26, 95% CI 0.09-0.79, P = 0.02) and rs198389 (OR = 0.26, 95% CI 0.09-0.80, P = 0.02) were associated with the reduced risk of LVD. No CAD-susceptible haplotypes were identified. Multifactor dimensionality reduction analysis did not detect any gene-to-gene interactions among the five loci. Three loci (rs5063, rs632793 and rs198388) formed the best model with the maximum testing accuracy (39.89%) and cross-validation consistency (10/10). Conclusion: Three NPPA-NPPB polymorphisms (rs632793, rs198388 and rs198389) were associated with reduced risk of LVD in CAD patients with HLP.     

冠心病患者血浆OLAB、BNP和CRP水平变化分析

检测冠心病患者血浆OLAB、BNP和CRP水平变化, 探讨冠心病发病机制及不稳定性心绞痛(UAP)治疗前后对其影响.用RIA和ELISA法对124例冠心病患者和30名对照者血浆中的OLAB、BNP和CRP水平变化及相关性进行研究, 同时对48例UAP经皮冠状动脉形成术(PTCA)治疗前、后对上述三项指标的变化进行分析; 结果表明冠心病患者与对照组比较BNP水平有显著性差异(P＜0.01),尤其是AMI和UAP组比SAP组升高更明显; CRP水平比对照组明显增高(P＜0.05),特别是不稳定性心绞痛和AMI组升高明显(P＜0.05);AMI组血浆OLAB水平明显高于正常和其他两组, OLAB、BNP和CRP三项在UAP组中治疗前后比较差异显著(P＜0.01).总之,OLAB、BNP和CRP参与了冠心病的发病过程, 并可预测心肌梗死患者远期心功能恢复的情况, UAP组经PTCA支架术后, 三项指标均明显降低, 可作为疗效观察的一个重要参数, OLAB参与了冠状动脉粥样硬化的全过程及AMI的发病始末.     

冠心病患者血浆BNP、HCY、CRP水平变化分析

目的 :检测冠心病患者血浆中BNP、HCY、CRP水平变化 ,探讨冠心病发病机制及不稳定性心绞痛治疗前后对其影响。方法 :用化学发光和酶联免疫分析 ,对 14 6例冠心病患者和 30例正常对照者血浆BNP、HCY、高敏 -CRP水平变化及相关性进行研究 ,同时对 5 2例UAP经皮冠状动脉成形术 (PTCA)治疗前后对上述三项指标的变化进行分析。结果 :冠心病患者与正常对照组比较BNP水平有显著性差异 (p <0 0 1) ,尤其是AMI和UAP组比SAP组升高更明显 ;CRP水平比正常对照组明显增高 (p <0 0 5 ) ,特别是不稳定心绞痛和急性心肌梗塞组升高明显 (p <0 0 0 1) ;AMI组血浆中HCY水平明显高于正常和其它两组 ,HCY、CRP、BNP三项在UAP组中治疗前后比较差异显著 (p <0 0 5 )。 结论 :BNP、CRP、HCY参与了冠心病的发病过程 ,并可预测心肌梗塞病人远期心功能恢复的情况 ,UAP组经PTCA支架术后三项指标均明显降低 ,可作为疗效观察的一个重要参数 ,HCY参与了冠状动脉粥样硬化的全过程及急性心肌梗塞的发病始末。但其参与的机制有待进一步探讨。     

AHF患者治疗前后血脂和血浆BNP测定的临床意义

目的:为了探讨急性心力衰竭(AHF)患者治疗前后血脂和脑钠素(BNP)测定的临床意义.方法:108例AHF患者(包括治疗后好转的62例和恶化的30例)及60例正常对照组采用生化法测定了血脂水平(TC、TG、HDL-C和LDL-C),化学发光免疫分析测定了BNP水平,并进行了对比性分析.结果:108例AHF患者的血脂分析...     

2型糖尿病血管病变时血浆ANP、BNP及CNP的变化及临床意义

目的：探讨血浆心钠素(ANP)、脑利钠肽(BNP)、C型利钠肽(CNP)在2型糖尿病血管病变时的变化及其临床意义。方法:应用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)测定正常对照组(9例)、2型糖尿病无血管病变组(34例)及2型糖尿病血管病变组(23例)血浆proANP、BNP fragment及NT-proCNP浓度，分析各组间血浆利钠肽水平的变化及相关因素。结果:2型糖尿病血管病变组血浆ANP、BNP明显高于另外2组（P<0.01），而血浆CNP明显降低（P<0.01），2型糖尿病血管病变组各亚组(微血管病变组、大血管病变组及微血管合并大血管病变组)间血浆利钠肽水平无明显差异（P>0.05）。2型糖尿病血管病变组血浆ANP与BNP间存在显著正相关（r=0.309, P<0.05），ANP与CNP（r=-0.374, P<0.05）以及BNP与CNP（r=-0.653, P<0.01）间存在显著负相关。结论:血浆ANP、BNP及CNP的联合检测可以作为简便、价廉、可靠的糖尿病血管病变的筛选指标。     

High circulating levels of N‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide and interleukin 6 in patients with mixed cryoglobulinemia

Many patients with mixed cryoglobulinemia and chronic HCV infection experience symptoms, such as dyspnea, which sometimes do not seem to indicate the involvement of the liver but rather the symptoms of heart failure. To our knowledge, there has been no other study evaluating the serum levels of N‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide (NTproBNP) and Interleukin 6 (IL‐6) in such patients. Serum NTproBNP and IL‐6 were assayed in 54 patients with mixed cryoglobulinemia and chronic HCV infection, and in 54 sex‐ and age‐matched controls. Cryoglobulinemic‐patients showed significantly higher mean NTproBNP and IL‐6 levels than the controls (P = 0.005). By defining a high NTproBNP level as a value higher than 125 pg/ml (the single cut‐off point for patients under 75 years of age), 30% of patients with mixed cryoglobulinemia and chronic HCV infection and 7% of controls had high NTproBNP (chi‐square; P < 0.003). With a cut‐off point of 300 pg/ml (used to rule out heart failure in patients under 75 years of age), 5/49 patients with mixed cryoglobulinemia and chronic HCV infection and 0/54 controls had high NTproBNP (chi‐square; P < 0.04). With a cut‐off point of 900 pg/ml (used for including heart failure in patients aged between 50 and 75, such as the patients in this study) 3/51 of patients with mixed cryoglobulinemia and chronic HCV infection and 0/54 controls had high NTproBNP (chi‐square; P = 0.07). The study revealed high levels of circulating NTproBNP and IL‐6 in patients with mixed cryoglobulinemia and chronic HCV infection. The increase in NTproBNP could indicate the presence of a subclinical cardiac dysfunction. J. Med. Virol. 82:297–303, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

Association of right ventricular dysfunction and Cheyne-Stokes respiration in patients with chronic heart failure

Cheyne-Stokes respiration (CSR) is present in up to 40% of patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) and is an independent risk factor for increased overall mortality. We examined whether CSR is associated with right ventricular (RV) dysfunction in CHF patients. Parameters of RV function were assessed by two-dimensional echocardiography and tissue velocity imaging in 42 patients (aged 23-75 years) with a left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction below 40%. Respiratory polygraphy revealed CSR with an central apnea-hypopnea index (CAHI) >10 h-1 in 13 of the 42 patients (31%). Demographic characteristics did not differ among the patient groups. The velocity of the tricuspid annular systolic motion (TASM), a parameter reflecting systolic RV function, was significantly reduced in CHF patients with CSR (10.5 +/- 2.3 cm s-1) compared with those without CSR (15.0 +/- 5.1 cm s-1, P = 0.004), and was inversely associated with the CAHI (y = 15.2-0.2x; r = 0.46, P = 0.003). The RV dimensions were significantly increased and the fractional RV area changes significantly reduced in CHF patients with CSR (33 +/- 17 versus 48 +/- 20%; P = 0.04). Doppler parameters of pulmonary artery flow indicate higher pulmonary artery pressures in CSR patients compared with patients without CSR, which is also reflected by an increased RV free-wall thickness in CSR patients (6.5 +/- 1.1 vs. 5.3 +/- 1.3 mm; P = 0.05). Parameters of systolic LV function, forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), and PaO2 and PaCO2 were not different among patients with or without CSR. In conclusion, CSR is associated with depressed systolic RV function and increased RV dimensions in CHF patients. Future studies will show whether optimized treatment of CSR will improve RV function.     

体质对肺炎心衰患儿血清氨基末端脑利钠肽前体和超敏C反应蛋白水平的影响

目的:探讨体质对肺炎心衰患儿血清氨基末端脑利钠肽前体(NT-proBNP)、超敏C反应蛋白(hsCRP)水平的影响,评估其临床价值.方法:选择116例1～3岁肺炎心衰患儿作为观察组,并选择正常体检的98例1～3岁儿童作为对照组.测量观察对象的身高、体质量,根据幼儿Kaup指数将患儿分为正常组、优良组及肥胖组.测定观察对象血浆NT-proBNP、hsCRP水平,并对检测结果进行分析.结果:观察组各组NT-proBNP水平均显著高于对照组,NT-proBNP水平与Kaup之间存在负相关,NT-proBNP水平随肥胖程度加重而逐渐降低;观察组各组hsCRP水平均显著高于对照组,hsCRP水平与Kaup之间存在正相关,hsCRP水平随肥胖程度加重而逐渐升高.结论:体质状况显著影响肺炎心衰患儿血清NTproBNP和hsCRP水平,血清NTproBNP水平随Kaup增加而降低,hsCRP水平随Kaup增加而升高,联合检测血浆NT-proBNP和hsCRP水平有利于肥胖肺炎心衰患儿的诊断及预后评估.     

CHF患者心功能相关指标与血清CA125、BNP、Hcy、FGF23水平的关系研究

目的探讨慢性心功能衰竭(CHF)患者血清糖类抗原125(CA125)、B型钠尿肽(BNP)、同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)、成纤维细胞生长因子23(FGF23)水平变化与患者心功能指标的关系。方法选取我院确诊的CHF患者126例(CHF组),选取正常健康人群60例作为对照组,检测研究对象的血清CA125、BNP、Hcy、FGF23水平,采用超声心动图测量两组的左室射血分数(LVEF%)、左室舒张末期内径(LVEDd)、左心室质量指数(LVMI),并探讨血清指标与心功能指标的相关性。结果 CHF组的血清CA125、BNP、Hcy、FGF23水平显著的高于对照组(P <0. 05);Ⅰ级、Ⅱ级CHF组的血清CA125、BNP、Hcy、FGF23水平显著的低于Ⅲ级和ⅣCHF组患者(P<0.05);CHF组患者血清CA125、BNP、Hcy与LVEF%呈负相关关系(P<0.05),血清CA125、BNP、Hcy与LVEDd呈正相关关系(P<0.05),血清BNP、Hcy、FGF23与LVMI呈正相关关系(P<0.05)。结论 CHF组的血清CA125、BNP、Hcy、FGF23水平较正常人群显著的升高并且与超声心动图指标具有一定相关性。     

高剂量与低剂量瑞舒伐他汀对急性冠脉综合征患者血清脑钠肽、炎性因子及血脂水平的影响观察

目的：探究高剂量与低剂量瑞舒伐他汀对急性冠脉综合征患者血清脑钠肽(brain natriuretic peptide, BNP)、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)及白细胞介素-6(IL-6)水平及血脂水平的影响。方法：选取我院2014年6月至2015年6月收治的急性冠脉综合征患者共71例作为研究对象,按照入院时间顺序随机分为低剂量组(N=35)与高剂量组(N=36),低剂量组服用瑞舒伐他汀10 mg/d,高剂量组服用瑞舒伐他汀20 mg/d,比较两组患者治疗前后血清中BNP、hs-CRP及IL-6水平及血脂变化及不良反应发生率。结果：治疗前两组患者血清BNP、hs-CRP、IL-6及血脂相关指标无明显差异,P>0.05。治疗后,两组患者血清BNP、hs-CRP、IL-6、TC、LDL-C均较治疗前降低,HDL较治疗前升高, P<0.05。治疗后,高剂量组血清BNP、hs-CRP、IL-6、TC、LDL-C明显低于低剂量组,HDL高于低剂量组,P<0.05。AMI及UA患者治疗前血清BNP、hs-CRP、IL-6无明显统计学差异,P>0.05。治疗后,高剂量组AMI及UA患者血清BNP、hs-CRP及IL-6明显低于低剂量组,P<0.05。两组患者不良反应发生率无明显差异,P>0.05。结论：高剂量(20 mg)瑞舒伐他汀可以有效降低血清BNP、hs-CRP、IL-6及血脂水平,降低急性冠脉综合征(acute coronary syndrome,ACS)患者体内炎症反应水平,安全、无明显不良反应,值得临床推广。     

Cardiovascular involvement in systemic rheumatic diseases: An integrated view for the treating physicians

Systemic autoimmune diseases can affect various kinds of organs including the kidney, the skin, soft tissue and the bone. Among others, cardiovascular involvement in rheumatic diseases has been shown to affect myocardium, pericardium, cardiac vessels, conduction system and valves, eventually leading to increased mortality. In general, underlying chronic inflammation leads to premature atherosclerosis, but also other manifestations such as arrhythmia and heart failure may have a ‘silent’ progress. Traditional cardiovascular risk factors play a secondary role, while disease-specific factors (i.e. disease duration, severity, antibody positivity, persistent disease activity) can directly influence the cardiovascular system. Therefore, early diagnosis is critical to optimize management and to control inflammatory activity and recent data suggest that risk factors (i.e. hypercholesterolemia and hypertension) need intensive treatment as well. With the advent of immunosuppressive agents, most rheumatic diseases are well controlled on treatment, but information related to their cardioprotective efficacy is not well-defined. In this review, we focus on cardiovascular involvement in rheumatic diseases and highlight current evidence which should be of help for the treating physicians. Moreover, cardiotoxicity of immunosuppressive drugs is a rare issue and such potential adverse events will be briefly discussed.