株州市老干部口腔健康状况初步调查

目的：了解株州地区老干部群体口腔卫生及健康状况。方法：在株州地区对487名老干部进行口腔卫生知识问卷及口腔健康调查。结果：患龋率54．4％，龋均2．9；龈萎缩和牙松动的患病率分别是72．8％和29．3％；牙缺失率72．9％，缺牙均数7．1；义齿修复率47．9％，义齿修复不合格率23．5％。结论：提高老年人口腔卫生保健意识，重视老年人牙病的防治，应作为开展社区口腔预防工作的一个重要内容。     

南京地区老年公寓老年人口腔黏膜健康状况调查

目的：了解南京地区老年公寓老年人口腔黏膜健康状况,为其口腔卫生保健工作提供信息支持。方法：对南京地区435名老年公寓的老年人进行口腔黏膜健康调查。结果：调查发现,435名南京地区老年公寓老年人中共查出189例（占43．45％）口腔黏膜病患者,其中口腔念珠菌病患病率（24．14％）最高,其次为干燥综合征、口腔白色角化病和沟纹舌（均为6．90％）。本调查中,男性患病率为55．56％,女性为38．00％,男性患病率高于女性（P〈0．005）;抽烟组的患病率高于非抽烟组（P〈0．005）,饮酒组与非饮酒组的患病率差异无统计学意义（P〉0．5）;义齿组的患病率高于非义齿组（P〈0．005）。结论：南京地区老年公寓老年人口腔黏膜健康状况不容乐观,应予重视。     

402名老年人口腔健康调查

目的：调查金山区敬老院内老年人的口腔健康状况,描述其现状,为老年人口腔护理提供相关依据。方法：采用分层整体抽样方法,收集金山区6家敬老院共402名老年人牙缺失、义齿修复以及刷牙次数等情况,采用SPSSl3．0软件包进行统计学分析。结果：金山区敬老院402名老年人中牙缺失人数为390人,失牙率达到97．01％,而义齿修复率仅为25．64％;其中全口无牙颌人数为102名,全口义齿修复率为72．54％;每天不刷牙的人数为180人,占到44．77％。结论：目前金山区老年人口腔健康自我重视程度不够,且缺乏保健意识,口腔状况不容乐观。建议金山区牙防所进一步加强辖区老年人的龋病和牙周病防治的宣教力度,提升居民口腔保健意识,减少失牙,改善老年人的缺牙修复水平,提高生活质量。     

402名老年人口腔健康调查

目的：调查金山区敬老院内老年人的口腔健康状况,描述其现状,为老年人口腔护理提供相关依据。方法：采用分层整体抽样方法,收集金山区6家敬老院共402名老年人牙缺失、义齿修复以及刷牙次数等情况,采用SPSSl3．0软件包进行统计学分析。结果：金山区敬老院402名老年人中牙缺失人数为390人,失牙率达到97．01％,而义齿修复率仅为25．64％;其中全口无牙颌人数为102名,全口义齿修复率为72．54％;每天不刷牙的人数为180人,占到44．77％。结论：目前金山区老年人口腔健康自我重视程度不够,且缺乏保健意识,口腔状况不容乐观。建议金山区牙防所进一步加强辖区老年人的龋病和牙周病防治的宣教力度,提升居民口腔保健意识,减少失牙,改善老年人的缺牙修复水平,提高生活质量。     

在校大学生口腔健康状况的调查分析

目的：了解和掌握目前在校大学生的口腔卫生健康状况。方法：随机抽取哈尔滨理工大学19～21岁的648名大学生进行口腔卫生健康检查。结果：222人每天只在早晨刷1次牙,占总受检人数的34.26%、牙石指数为1的受检人数占总受检人数的62.96%、456名大学生患龋,患龋率为70.37%、龋面充填构成比为30.74%。结论：大学生的口腔健康意识和保健知识非常薄弱。     

山西省65～74岁老年人牙周健康状况调查

目的 调查山西省65～74岁人群牙周健康率、牙石、牙龈出血、牙周袋、附着丧失、无牙颌及存留牙等指标的检出情况,以了解山西省老年人的牙周健康状况与牙周炎的流行病学特征.方法 采用多阶段等容量随机抽样抽取山西省898名65～74岁老年人,内容包括基本信息、问卷调查、口腔检查与体格检查,口腔检查主要包括牙周健康率、牙石、牙龈...     

广州市1 154名老年人口腔黏膜健康状况的调查

目的 了解广州地区老年人口腔黏膜病流行情况及相关因素,为该地区的口腔黏膜病预防提供指导依据.方法 通过问卷调查和口腔检查对广州市1 154名60岁以上老年人进行口腔黏膜病的流行病学调查和分析.结果 1 154名中查出215例(18.6%)患有口腔黏膜疾病,其中38例(3.3%)患两种或两种以上的口腔黏膜疾病.所查到的16种口腔黏膜疾病中,灼口综合症患病率最高,有79例,占6.8%;白色角化病46例,占4.0%;口腔扁平苔藓24例,占2.1%;口腔白斑15例,占1.3%;口腔癌1例,占0.1%.结论 口腔黏膜疾病是广州地区老年人的常见病,应引起重视.     

汉台区中小学生口腔健康状况调查

2000-2002汉中市口腔医院对汉台区中小学生口腔健康状况进行调查,为制定中小学生牙病防治计划,合理配置口腔保健资源提供依据。结果报道如下：     

荆门市社区老年人口腔保健认知状况及行为的调查

目的:了解荆门市社区老年人口腔保健知识的知晓率及保健行为的现状。方法:采用整群随机抽样方法对荆门市496名老年人进行问卷调查。结果:老年人口腔保健知识知晓率较低,口腔保健行为整体较差,不同文化程度和家庭月收入者口腔保健知识、态度及行为得分差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:应加强社区老年人口腔保健教育及行为改进,对低学历及家庭低收入者更应加以重视。     

Effectiveness of health care worker training on the oral health of elderly residents of nursing homes

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a staff training programme on mouth care on the oral health of elderly residents of long-term care institutions. METHODS: Seventy-eight residents of five long-stay institutions were enrolled and underwent a baseline oral health assessment. Staff caring for residents in three of the sites received intensive training in mouth care. This comprised lecture and video material complemented by clinical demonstrations. The oral health of residents at all five sites was reassessed at periods of 3 and 9 months. Staff caring for residents in the remaining two institutions were then provided with mouth care training and all patients were reassessed at 18 months. Statistical analyses were undertaken to examine for significant changes in selected oral health parameters after training, within each group. RESULTS: Oral mucosal disease and oral dryness were common at baseline. The staff training was well received. Following staff training, there was a significant reduction in the number of residents left to undertake their own oral care. There were significant improvements in denture hygiene and a reduction in the number of residents wearing dentures overnight. The prevalence of oral mucosal disease dropped, with significant reductions in angular cheilitis and denture stomatitis. CONCLUSION: This education programme was effective in changing oral health care procedures within long-stay institutions for the elderly, with measurable improvements in oral health of the residents.     

Improving residents’ oral health through staff education in nursing homes

This study assessed the efficacy of oral care education among nursing home staff members to improve the oral health of residents. Nursing home support staff members (NHSSMs) in the study group received oral care education at baseline between a pretest and posttest. NHSSMs’ oral care knowledge was measured using a 20‐item knowledge test at baseline, posteducation, and at a 6‐month follow‐up. Residents’ oral health was assessed at baseline and again at a 6‐month follow‐up using the Modified Plaque Index (PI) and Modified Gingival Index (GI). Among staff members who received the oral care education (n = 32), posttest knowledge statistically significantly increased from the pretest level (p < .05). Thirty‐nine control residents of the nursing homes and 41 study residents participated. Among residents in the study group, PI decreased at 6 months compared to baseline (p < .05), but there was no statistically significant difference in their GI measurements between baseline and 6‐month follow‐up (p= .07).     

Oral health problems and needs of nursing home residents

Kiyak HA, Grayston MM, Crinean CL: Oral health problems and needs of nursing home residents.
Abstract – The problem of dental neglect and high levels of unmet dental needs among elderly residents of long term care facilities has been widely documented in literature. A survey was conducted of 1063 residents in 31 nursing homes throughout Washington (representing 11% of all facilities in the slate). The greatest single need among dentate elderly was for routine oral hygiene (72%), while for denture wearers adjustment of loose dentures was the primary need (46.4%). Periodontal problems were slightly more prevalent than root caries (43%) and 36% respectively) among dentate elderly. Dry mouth was found in 10% of residents. Oral conditions were worse in larger facilities located in rural and moderate size communities, and those under a proprietary corporation. These results suggest that daily oral hygiene and regular check-ups by a dental professional are most needed by frail elderly, especially in large, proprietary homes in rural and moderate size communities. Education of nursing home staff and the elderly themselves in the importance and methods of home care are also critical needs.     

Opinions on the provision of dental care in Iowa nursing homes

Using a stratified random sample, a questionnaire was mailed to 400 practicing dentists and 200 directors of nursing (DONs). Response rates were 58.3% for dentists and 50% for DONs. Dentists were representative of Iowa dentists, with 85% male, mean age 49.1 years, and 22.4 years in practice. All DONs were female, with mean age of 44.9 years. Of the participating dentists, 86% had provided dental care for nursing home residents, but the majority of care was completed in dental offices. Three‐quarters of dentists were somewhat/not interested in nursing home dentistry. Dentists and DONs held common perceptions of the most frequent problems related to care provision at nursing homes: low financial reimbursement, especially for Medicaid patients; no portable dental equipment; no suitable area for dentistry; dentist's preference to treat patients at their dental practice; and transportation of residents to a dental practice. Dentists and DONs had some differing perceptions about oral health care (p < .01). Minimal dental care was provided on‐site at Iowa nursing homes.     

Self-perceived oral health status and influencing factors of the elderly residents of a peri-urban area of La Paz, Bolivia

AIM: To assess the self-perceived oral health status of the elderly in Bolivia and explore the relationship between the socio-demographic and subjective factors that influence such perception. DESIGN: A cross sectional study. SETTING: Pampahasi, peri-urban area of La Paz, Bolivia. PARTICIPANTS: A 22.5% (300) sample was selected randomly from the total population (1,336) of 60 years and above. Of the participants, 293 agreed to participate in the survey. METHODS: Information was collected by interviews at home. RESULTS: The mean age was 70 years (SD = 7.7), with more females (57%) than males. Sixty per cent of subjects categorised their oral health as poor. Logistic regression analysis showed that poor self-perceived oral health was associated significantly with not going to school, no/ fair satisfaction with economic status, poor chewing ability, perception of need for dental treatment, and poor self-perceived general health status. CONCLUSIONS: Socio-economic factors seem to contribute to poor oral health among the elderly in Bolivia. Considering that these factors are associated with bad oral health behaviour and few visits to dental clinics, there is a need to design dental education programmes and enhance accessibility to dental clinics for elderly people living in the peri-urban areas of La Paz, Bolivia.     

Receipt of dental care, dental status and workforce in U.S. nursing homes: 1997 National Nursing Home Survey

The goal of this paper was to report the prevalence of dental care — a Healthy People 2010 objective — for nursing home residents 65 years and older, and to assess the association between receipt of dental care with other oral status and workforce measures. Data from 7,363 residents aged 65 years and older with information in the 1997 National Nursing Home Survey (NNHS) were used.
Overall, 18.2% of elderly nursing home residents had received dental care in the last month. Multivariable modeling found residents were more likely to receive dental care in the past month if they lived in the Northeast (OR=3.32, 95% CI 2.51-4.39); were dentate (OR=1.46, 95% CI 1.26-1.69); had a length of stay 12 months or longer (OR=1.37, 95% CI 1.17-1.62); or resided in facilities with dental professional services (OR=2.05, 95% CI 1.60-2.62).
The results showed that disparities in receipt of dental care existed by region, length of stay, dentate status, and availability of dental services in nursing homes. Additionally, current oral health surveillance measures for nursing homes may have been inadequate.     

成都市敬老院老年人口腔健康认知、行为的调查分析

目的 了解成都市敬老院老年人的口腔健康认知、行为现状及相关影响因素分析.方法 对成都市271名敬老院老年人进行口腔健康认知、卫生行为问卷调查.结果 敬老院老年人口腔健康认知度偏低,不正确的口腔行为较多.不同文化程度、经济水平的老年人认知度不同.口腔健康认知水平不同,其口腔健康行为差异显著.结论 文化程度、经济收入影响口腔健康认知度,为提高敬老院老年人口腔健康水平,应加强对其进行口腔健康教育,给予更多的口腔服务支持.     

National survey of oral health care in Finnish municipal old people''s homes

As oral health is especially important for physically, mentally and socially handicapped old people, the aim of this study was to investigate the dental services provided for people living in municipal old people's homes in Finland. The study involved all the 431 municipal old people's homes in Finland in 1989. The directors of the old people's homes were asked to fill in a questionnaire. The response rate was 99.5%. The study showed that the dental services provided for the elderly vary greatly in different old people's homes. As a whole, however, dental care arrangements are inadequate: oral examinations on admission are performed always in 11% and never in 47% of the old people's homes, and oral examinations for residents are carried out annually in 23% and never in 21%. In 56% of the homes the need for treatment comes to light only when the old people themselves complain about a dental problem. Comprehensive dental care is available in 16% of the homes. One notable feature is that, although all the homes are publicly owned, the system of charging for the dental care of the elderly varies considerably between different homes. Comparing the results of this study with those from earlier investigations shows that, although there has been some progress in dental service arrangements in the 1980s, the oral care provided for these old people is still far from satisfactory. It is obvious that the value of oral health as an important component of human well-being is not yet widely recognized. To rectify the situation uniform regulations governing dental services for the elderly in institutions are required for the whole of the country.     

Professional oral health care by dental hygienists reduced respiratory infections in elderly persons requiring nursing care

Abstract:  Objectives:  Respiratory infection is a major cause of death in the elderly. We have evaluated the role of professional oral health care (POHC) by dental hygienists in reducing respiratory infections in elderly persons requiring nursing care. Methods:  Two populations of elderly persons, one receiving POHC and one not, were examined to determine numbers of microorganisms, potent pathogens of respiratory infection, enzymatic activity in saliva, fevers, prevalence of fatal aspiration pneumonia and prevalence of influenza. Results:  In the first population, we found a high prevalence of potent respiratory pathogens such as Staphylococcus species, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans. Patients who received POHC showed a lower prevalence for these pathogens than those who did not. The ratio of fatal aspiration pneumonia in POHC patients was significantly lower than that in patients without POHC (non-POHC) over a 24-month period ( P  < 0.05). The prevalence of a fever of 37.8°C or more in POHC patients was significantly lower than that in the non-POHC group ( P  < 0.05). In the second study population, we investigated the effects of POHC on infection with influenza over a 6-month period. In the POHC group, neuraminidase and trypsin-like protease activities decreased, and one of 98 patients was diagnosed with influenza; whereas, in the non-POHC group, nine of 92 patients were diagnosed with influenza. The relative risk of developing influenza while under POHC was 0.1 (95% CI 0.01–0.81, P  = 0.008). Conclusion:  These results suggest that POHC by dental hygienists is effective in preventing respiratory infections in elderly persons requiring nursing care.