紫杉醇MPEG-PCL纳米粒的制备、表征及其体外释药行为研究

目的 以聚乙二醇单甲醚-聚己内酯(MPEG-PCL)为载体制备紫杉醇MPEG-PCL纳米粒并对其体外释放行为进行考察。方法 采用开环聚合法合成MPEG-PCL共聚物,采用核磁共振波谱仪(¹H-NMR)、傅里叶红外光谱仪(FTIR)对其进行表征;通过共沉淀法制备了紫杉醇MPEG-PCL纳米粒,并测定了粒径分布、Zeta电位、结构特征、包封率以及载药量;同时以磷酸盐缓冲溶液(pH=7.4)为释放介质考察其体外释放行为。结果 成功合成了相对分子质量为4 875的MPEG-PCL共聚物。透射电镜结果显示紫杉醇MPEG-PCL纳米粒具有规则的球形结构,纳米粒的平均粒径为(102.3±3.5)nm,PDI=0.102,药物包封率和载药量分别为(95.6±3.2)%和(8.5±0.4)%。体外释放结果显示紫杉醇可以缓慢的从MPEG-PCL纳米粒中释放出来。结论 MPEG-PCL共聚物是紫杉醇的良好载体,所制备的纳米粒具有包封率和载药量高、药物释放缓慢的特点。     

姜黄素载药纳米微球的制备、表征及性质

目的 观察可生物降解、组织相容性高的纳米材料所制备的姜黄素纳米微球的各项特征及体外释药.方法 采用纳米沉淀法制备负载姜黄素的纳米微球,通过电子显微镜观察纳米微球的形貌、动态光散射(DLS)测量粒径分布、高效液相色谱(HPIC)检测其包封率和载药量、体外释放.结果 制备的纳米粒子呈大小均一的球形,平均粒径为(128.8±1.5)nm,包封率为(80.6±3.8)%,载药量为(7.9±1.0)%.体外释放实验显示,载药微球具有良好的缓释特性.结论 该制备工艺简单可行,包封率较高,制得的纳米粒分散均匀,可显著提高姜黄素在水相中的浓度.     

5-氟尿嘧啶共聚物纳米粒的制备及其药剂学性质

目的 以生物可降解材料Pluronic P105-PAGA共聚物制备5-氟尿嘧啶(5-FU)纳米粒,并考察纳米粒的药剂学特性.方法 采用透析法制备纳米粒,以包封率和载药量为指标,应用星点设计效应面优化法优化处方,并考察其表面特征、包封率、载药量、粒径、体外释放等性质.结果 5-FU-Pluronic P105-PAGA纳米粒为圆整的类球形实体粒子,平均粒径为175 nm,载药量为22.37%,包封率为95.26%,有突释现象,体外12 h累积释放率为80.4%.结论 所制纳米粒具有高包封率和载药量,粒径适宜,具有一定的缓控释作用.     

西罗莫司纳米粒子的制备及脱细胞生物血管材料内应用的实验研究

目的制备包载西罗莫司(SRL)的纳米粒子,并将其应用于脱细胞生物血管材料。方法以生物可降解高分子材料聚乙酸-聚乙醇共聚物(PLGA)为载药基质,采用界面沉淀法制备SRL-PLGA-纳米粒子(SRL-PLGA-NPs)。使用激光粒度仪及扫描电镜对纳米粒子的粒径、形态进行测定,采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定纳米粒子的载药量、包封率,双室扩散池行纳米粒子的体外释放实验。脱细胞联合肝素处理犬颈动脉制备生物人工血管材料,采用血管腔内局部灌注的方法将纳米粒子结合于血管材料,根据灌注时间的不同分为4组,120 s(A组)、240 s(B组)、360 s(C组)和480 s(D组)。定期测定各组血管组织内的药物浓度。结果成功制备了SRL-PLGA-NPs,粒径为227~303 nm,平均粒径为(265±24)nm,包封率为81.53%,平均载药量为18.96%。SRLPLGA-NPs在30 d内能够一直持续释放药物,2周后释放药物量约75%,30 d后释放量约90%。经SRL-PLGANPs腔内灌注后的脱细胞血管在21 d后,血管组织内仍可检测到西罗莫司,呈逐渐降低趋势。A组的药物浓度在给药后即刻和1 d低于其他3组(P<0.05),而在3、7、14、21 d后,4组的药物浓度差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论界面沉淀法制备SRL-PLGA-NPs方法稳定可靠,对脱细胞生物血管行局部灌注处理,效果满意。     

透明质酸修饰的PAMAM纳米胶束的制备及性质研究

目的采用透明质酸(HA)修饰聚酰胺-胺(PAMAM)树状大分子,以姜黄素、阿霉素为模型药物,构建HA-PAMAM纳米胶束肿瘤主动靶向给药系统。方法采用酰胺化反应合成不同透明质酸取代度的HA-PAMAM;采用溶剂挥发法制备HA-PAMAM单药和双药联合载药胶束;采用高效液相色谱法测定姜黄素、阿霉素的包封率和载药量;通过体外透析法研究载药胶束的释药特性。结果采用溶剂挥发法制备阿霉素、姜黄素单药或联合载药胶束,载药胶束的包封率与载药量较高(姜黄素分别为66.70%、6.57%,阿霉素分别为82.14%、33.15%)。HA-PAMAM载药胶束体外释放显示出良好的缓释性能。结论透明质酸修饰的PAMAM是一种具有良好肿瘤靶向性应用前景的纳米载药系统。     

姜黄素-PLGA纳米粒提高口服给药生物利用度的研究

目的 研究乳酸/羟基乙酸共聚物（PLGA）纳米粒子提高姜黄素口服生物利用度。方法 采用乳液挥发法制备姜黄素-PLGA纳米粒;通过透射电镜（transmission electron microscope,TEM）观察纳米粒形态;采用动态光散射法（dynamic light scattering,DLS）测定纳米粒大小、表面电位（Zeta电位）;考察药物的体外稳定性以及药物释放行为;以大鼠口服灌胃给药方式考察姜黄素和姜黄素-PLGA纳米粒的体内药物生物利用度。结果 姜黄素-PLGA纳米粒粒度分布均匀,平均粒径大小约200 nm;姜黄素-PLGA纳米粒具有较高的载药量和包封率以及稳定性,体外药物释放实验结果显示具有一定的缓释效果;口服灌胃100 mg·kg^-1姜黄素和姜黄素-PLGA纳米粒,给药30 min之后,姜黄素-PLGA纳米粒给药组的血药浓度水平显著高于姜黄素组（P〈0.05）,药物生物利用度提高到原来的5.2倍。结论 姜黄素-PLGA纳米粒可以有效的提高姜黄素稳定性和口服给药生物利用度。     

姜黄素聚乙二醇-聚己内酯纳米粒的制备及制剂学性质分析

目的制备具有肝脏靶向性的姜黄素聚乙二醇-聚己内酯纳米粒。方法采用乳化溶剂挥发法,通过正交实验筛选最佳处方工艺,并按处方工艺制备姜黄素聚乙二醇-聚己内酯纳米粒。结果当选择聚乙二醇-聚己内酯100 mg、泊洛沙姆188浓度1.5%、乙酸乙酯与二氯甲烷体积比2∶1、有机相与内水相体积比为1∶4时,制备的姜黄素聚乙二醇-聚己内酯纳米粒粒径为(102.84±2.68)nm、多分散系数为0.105±0.010、包封率为84.36%±1.19%、载药量为4.70%±0.27%。结论本方法成功制备了姜黄素聚乙二醇-聚己内酯纳米粒,为下一步的药动学及体外抗肿瘤活性研究奠定基础。     

一种新型海洋多糖纳米材料的制备及载药特性研究

目的 以天然海洋多糖聚甘露糖醛酸(PM)为原料,制备一种生物相容、生物可降解纳米材料,以难溶性药物他克莫司（FK506）为模型药物制备载药胶束,并对其体外释药特性进行考察。方法 以油胺为疏水端,与PM通过酰胺反应制备纳米材料,利用FT-IR、1H-NMR对其结构进行表征。通过超声乳化法制备FK506胶束,利用原子力显微镜与马尔文激光粒度仪分析载药胶束的形态、粒径及zeta-电位。利用高效液相色谱法测定FK506胶束的载药量和包封率。采用体外透析法分析FK506胶束的体外释放特性。结果 油胺与PM等摩尔比投料反应的枝接率为56.8%,FK506胶束外形为球状且分散均匀,粒径大小在 100~150 nm,zeta-电位为?50 mV,多分散系数＜0.2,载药量和包封率分别为17.6±0.21% 和97.7±1.19%。体外释药分为2个阶段,前12 h释放较快,释放药物的64.5±5.8%,后一阶段药物释放较慢,至48 h时可释放药物89.2±6.9%。结论 成功制备生物可降解的PM纳米材料,以其为载体制得的FK506胶束可以提高FK506的溶解性,在体外具有明显的缓释特征,PM纳米材料具有良好的应用前景。     

姜黄素聚合物胶束的制备及体外评价

目的:制备姜黄素的Soluplus聚合物胶束,并对其进行体外评价。方法:采用薄膜分散法制备姜黄素聚合物胶束;采用粒径测定仪、透射电镜、X-射线衍射(XRD)对其进行表征;采用紫外分光光度法测定胶束的包封率和载药量;采用动态膜透析法考察载药胶束的体外释药特性。结果:薄膜分散法制备的胶束呈球形或类球形,平均粒径为(65.54±2.57)nm,平均包封率为(87.73±2.94)%,平均载药量(7.96±2.13)%;XRD结果表明姜黄素以无定型状态或分子状态包载在聚合物胶束中;体外释放结果表明姜黄素的soluplus聚合物胶束具有缓释作用。结论:该胶束制备工艺简单,其粒径、包封率、载药量可控,具有缓释作用。     

姜黄素长循环纳米结构脂质载体的处方优化及理化性质研究

目的采用Box-Behnken效应面优化姜黄素长循环纳米结构脂质载体(mPEG2000-Cur-NLC)处方,并考察其理化性质。方法采用薄膜-超声法制备mPEG2000-Cur-NLC,以粒径、包封率和载药量为评价指标,以混合脂质的用量、乳化剂的用量和脂药质量比为考察对象,采用Box-Behnken效应面法筛选其最佳处方,并考察其粒径、包封率、zeta电位及体外释放。结果最优处方为混合脂质用量为质量分数2.5%、乳化剂的用量质量分数3.5%和脂药质量比40∶1,按最优处方制备的m PEG2000-Cur-NLC粒径为(135.33±2.52)nm、包封率为(96.70±0.146)%、载药量为(2.41±0.587)%,体外释放72h药物累积释放量为58.37%,呈缓释释放,Weibull方程拟合结果最好。结论 m PEG2000-Cur-NLC采用Box-Behnken效应面法优化是可行的,体外缓释效果良好。     

川芎嗪壳聚糖纳米粒的制备及体外靶向分布研究

目的：制备川芎嗪壳聚糖纳米粒,考察纳米粒在人癌细胞的靶向分布。方法：以壳聚糖为载体,用离子交联法制备川芎嗪纳米粒。用激光粒度分析仪检测粒径,用透射电镜观察纳米粒的形态。用HPLC法测定纳米粒的包封率、载药量和体外释放度。以川芎嗪溶液为对照,测定纳米粒在人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞株、人肺腺癌A549细胞株和人白血病K562细胞株中的浓度,评价其靶向性。结果：制备的川芎嗪壳聚糖纳米粒为圆球形,平均粒径为（118.6±2.2） nm,分散系数（0.117±0.016）（n=3）,包封率（79.7±0.4）%,载药量（24.3±0.2）%,缓慢释药96 h累积释药率达75%。纳米粒在人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞株、人肺腺癌A549细胞株和人白血病K562细胞株中的浓度显著高于川芎嗪溶液（P＜0.05）。结论：制备的川芎嗪壳聚糖纳米粒对人癌细胞有靶向浓集作用。     

A novel injectable local hydrophobic drug delivery system: Biodegradable nanoparticles in thermo-sensitive hydrogel

In this article, a novel local hydrophobic drug delivery system: nanoparticles in thermo-sensitive hydrogel, was demonstrated. First, honokiol, as a model hydrophobic drug, loaded poly(varepsilon-caprolactone)-poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(varepsilon-caprolactone) (PCEC) nanoparticles were prepared by emulsion solvent evaporation method, and then were incorporated into thermo-sensitive F127 hydrous matrix. The obtained injectable hydrophobic drug delivery system can act as a depot for sustained release of honokiol in situ. The lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of the composite matrix increases with increase in the mass of incorporated nanoparticles, or with decrease in the amount of residual organic solvent in the system. Honokiol release profile in vitro was studied, and the results showed that honokiol could be sustained released from the system. The described injectable drug delivery system might have great potential application for local delivery of hydrophobic drugs such as honokiol.     

介孔二氧化硅阿霉素纳米粒的制备及体外释放考察

目的制备载阿霉素的介孔二氧化硅纳米粒(MSN),并对其体外释放进行初步研究。方法通过聚合法制备MSN,应用透射电镜表征纳米粒的形态,动态光散射粒径测定仪测定粒子的平均粒径及分布。紫外可见分光光度法评价载药量、包封率及体外释放。结果纳米粒分布均一,平均粒径约70 nm(PDI<0.1)。药物的载药量和包封率分别为(20.38±3.58)%和(55.29±5.17)%。纳米粒经24 h恒温振荡释放达平衡,在pH 5.5磷酸盐缓冲液中累积释放分数达到95%。结论 MSN具有较高的药物载药量,有望成为一种新型的化疗药物载体。     

载阿霉素海藻酸钠纳米粒的制备及体外释药行为研究

目的以海藻酸钠(sodium alginate,ALG)为材料,制备载阿霉素海藻酸钠纳米粒(doxorubicin loading nanoparticles,DOX-ALG-NPs),并对其载药、释药特性进行研究。方法采用微乳-离子交联法制备空白海藻酸钠纳米粒(ALG-NPs),以吸附法载药制备阿霉素海藻酸钠纳米粒(DOX-ALG-NPs)。采用效应面法对ALG-NPs的处方进行优化,并考察ALG-NPs悬液浓度、药载比、孵育时间及孵育温度对ALG-NPs载药性能的影响。对DOX-ALG-NPs的基本性质及体外释药行为进行考察。结果成功制备了粒径为(262.0±4.5)nm的ALG-NPs及粒径为(159.8±8.1)nm、包封率及载药量分别为(94.2±0.5)%和(19.05±0.085)%的DOX-ALG-NPs。与原料药DOX相比,DOX-ALG-NPs在生理盐水与PBS(pH=7.4)中均呈现明显的缓释作用,在生理盐水和PBS中2 h与5 h时分别释放药物(38.1±1.5)%与(55.5±1.1)%、(40.0±1.8)%与(48.1±2.5)%,24 h时分别释放(73.1±3.2)%、(60.3±3.4)%。结论所制备的DOX-ALG-NPs形态圆整,粒径小且分布均匀,包封率及载药量较高,具有缓释性能,有望用作抗癌药物传递系统。     

Preparation and characterization of galactosylated bovine serum albumin nanoparticles for liver-targeted delivery of oridonin

In this study, galactosylated bovine serum albumin (GB), which could be developed for a liver targeting carrier was synthetized and it was identified by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometer. Oridonin loaded bovine serum albumin nanoparticle (ORI-BSA-NP) and oridonin loaded GB nanoparticle (ORI-GB-NP) were prepared and optimized by the desolvation technique. During the preparation of ORI-GB-NP, galactosamine was introduced to end-cap the free aldehyde groups on nanoparticles. The characteristics of ORI-GB-NP such as particle size, zeta potential, particle morphologie, entrapment efficiency and drug loading were evaluated. The nearly spherical nanoparticles, with a narrow size distribution below 200 nm, were negatively charged with zeta potential of about −30 mV. Meanwhile, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction confirmed the amorphous state of ORI in ORI-GB-NP. The in vitro drug release of ORI from ORI-GB-NP presented a biphasic pattern with an initial burst effect and consequently sustained release. These results implied that the nanoparticles possessed fine physicochemical characteristics and seemed to be a stable delivery system for poorly soluble oridonin.     

Preparation of Tacrolimus loaded micelles based on poly(ɛ-caprolactone)-poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(ɛ-caprolactone)

Self-assembled polymeric micelles are widely applied in drug delivery system. In this study, Tacrolimus (FK506) loaded micelles were prepared based on biodegradable poly(?-caprolactone)-poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(?-caprolactone) (PCEC) copolymers. Micelles were prepared by self-assembly of triblock copolymer PCEC in distilled water triggered by its amphiphilic characteristics. Drug loading and encapsulation efficiency were determined by adjusting the weight ratio of FK506 and PCEC. The particle size distribution and variation of obtained micelles were determined using Malvern laser particle size analyzer, while the spherical geometry was observed on transmission electron microscope (TEM), and the crystallographic assays were fulfilled by X-ray diffractometer (XRD). Besides, in vitro release profile demonstrated a significant difference between rapid release of free Tacrolimus and much slower and sustained release of FK506 loaded micelles. These results suggested that we have successfully prepared Tacrolimus loaded micelles in an improved method which is safer and more efficient. The prepared micelles might be potential carriers for Tacrolimus delivery in immunosuppressive therapy.     

和厚朴酚泊洛沙姆F-127胶束的制备及其体外抗肿瘤研究

目的以泊洛沙姆F－127为载体制备一种新型的和厚朴酚胶束制剂,以提高其抗肿瘤效果。方法选用泊洛沙姆F－127为药物载体,采用自组装法制备和厚朴酚胶束制剂,通过透射电镜观察和厚朴酚胶束的形貌,采用紫外分光光度法测定载药量、药物包封率以及体外药物释放行为。采用MTT法检测和厚朴酚及其和厚朴酚胶束制剂对BGC－823人胃癌细胞的抑制作用。结果本研究所制备的和厚朴酚胶束纳米制剂,具有壳．核的球型结构。纳米粒子分布较窄,平均粒径为28．7nm。和厚朴酚与泊洛沙姆F－127的投料比影响胶束制剂载药量,随着和厚朴酚与泊洛沙姆F-127的投料比从1：10增加到1：2．5,载药胶束的载药量从（8．4±1．6）％增加到（25．7±2．7）％,而包封率维持在97％左右。体外释放结果显示和厚朴酚可以缓慢地从泊洛沙姆F-127胶束中释放出来。体外抗肿瘤实验结果显示：相比于溶液剂型的和厚朴酚,和厚朴酚／泊洛沙姆F-127胶束具有更好的体外抗BGC．823人胃癌细胞效果。结论和厚朴酚／泊洛沙姆F-127胶束是一种新型的和厚朴酚纳米制剂,能有效提高体外抗BGC．823人胃癌细胞效果。     

HZ08新型仿生纳米粒的构建与性质研究

目的：研究具有肿瘤多药耐药逆转活性的四氢异喹啉类化合物HZ08-重组高密度脂蛋白（reconstituted high density lipoprotein,rHDL）纳米粒的构建及性质,旨在研制HZ08的新型仿生纳米制剂。方法：通过胆酸钠法制备HZ08-rHDL纳米粒,考察该纳米粒的包封率、载药量、渗漏率、形态、粒径等理化性质,透析法研究制剂的体外释放特性,MTT法考察rHDL载体对人乳腺癌细胞（MCF-7）和人正常乳腺细胞（MCF-10A）的毒性,HPLC法、流式细胞术和荧光显微术评价纳米粒的肿瘤细胞靶向性。结果：HZ08-rHDL纳米粒包封率（93.45±0.28）%,载药量（10.65±0.46）%,水分散液于4℃放置一个月渗漏率为（4.50±0.12）%,外观呈圆整球形,平均粒径为（105.53±2.50） nm;体外48 h 累积释放量仅为（12.13±1.08）%;rHDL 载体细胞毒性低,且MCF-7细胞对rHDL荷载药物的摄取能力显著强于MCF-10A细胞（P＜0.0001）,有较强的体外肿瘤靶向性。结论：HZ08-rHDL纳米粒的包封率高、性质稳定、粒径大小适宜、缓释效果明显、载体毒性低且有较好的肿瘤细胞靶向性,具有继续研究开发的价值。     

Lung-targeted delivery system of curcumin loaded gelatin microspheres

The purpose of the study is to design and evaluate curcumin loaded gelatin microspheres (C-GMS) for effective drug delivery to the lung. C-GMS was prepared by the emulsification-linkage technique and the formulation was optimized by orthogonal design. The mean encapsulation efficiency and drug loading of the optimal C-GMS were 75.5?±?3.82 % and 6.15?±?0.44%, respectively. The C-GMS presented a spherical shape and smooth surface with a mean particle diameter of 18.9 μm. The in vitro drug release behavior of C-GMS followed the first-order kinetics. The tissue distribution showed that the drug concentrations at lung tissue for the C-GMS suspension were significantly higher than those for the curcumin solution, and the Ce for lung was 36.19. Histopathological studies proved C-GMS was efficient and safe to be used as a passive targeted drug delivery system to the lung. Hence, C-GMS has a great potential for the targeted delivery of curcumin to the lung.