新生儿梨状窝瘘的诊治特点

目的 阐述新生儿梨状窝瘘这一少见疾病的诊治特点.方法 收集我院2001年7月至2010年1月收治的9例新生儿梨状窝瘘病例,分析其发病年龄、临床表现、辅助检查及临床治疗经过,总结其诊治特点和预后.结果 9例梨状窝瘘均为左侧.均以颈部囊性肿块就诊.8例为新生儿时期出现症状,1例为产前发现.5例颈部增强CT提示肿块中含有气体.新生儿时期手术治疗7例.随访时间6个月至9年,患儿临床均无反复感染或复发迹象.结论 新生儿的梨状窝瘘临床表现不同于儿童,常因颈部无痛性、囊性肿块就诊,缺少反复脓肿切开引流史.超声或CT检查中常可发现囊肿中含有气体影.新生儿早期手术瘘管结扎率高,部分需要胃镜辅助.治疗安全性可靠,术后复发率低且预后良好.     

儿童颈部梨状窝瘘诊治进展

梨状窝瘘多以小儿反复发作的单侧（左侧为主）颈部炎性脓肿或急性化脓性甲状腺炎等症状就诊,以往在治疗上多为反复颈部脓肿切开引流及联合多种抗生素对症缓解症状或是开放性常规分离瘘管手术寻求根治,但复发率较高。该文通过总结近年梨状窝瘘相关诊断和治疗进展,旨在强调对于疑似患儿需及时行超声、CT、上消化道钡餐等检查,必要时做内镜检查,治疗上在非急性期以内镜辅助下导管置入或亚甲蓝内口注射行梨状窝瘘切除术可明显减少复发率。     

内镜辅助梨状窝瘘切除术

梨状窝瘘是一种少见的颈部鳃源性疾病,主要表现为反复发作的颈部感染或类似化脓性甲状腺炎表现,临床及易误诊。治疗的关键是彻底切除瘘管,但由于局部反复感染,瘘管及其周围组织致密粘连,术中瘘管难以寻找,或切除不完全,术后易复发。采用内镜辅助寻找瘘管能有效提高手术成功率。     

个体化术式选择治疗儿童梨状窝瘘的效果分析

目的:探讨个体化术式选择治疗儿童梨状窝瘘的效果。方法:选取2015年6月至2019年11月河南省人民医院小儿外科收治的43例梨状窝瘘患儿,左侧41例,右侧2例;炎症控制期27例,急性炎症期16例;根据个体病情选择低温等离子射频消融、梨状窝瘘切除、颈部脓肿切开引流等术式或联合术式,观察术后并发症及复发情况。结果:43例梨...     

新生儿梨状窝囊肿产前会诊序贯治疗的临床分析(附16例报告)

目的 探讨产前诊断、多学科会诊(MDT)及序贯治疗在降低新生儿梨状窝囊肿(PSC)围手术期并发症及改善预后中的意义.方法 广州市妇女儿童医疗中心2011年2月至2016年4月,对16例新生儿PSC患儿进行临床资料回顾性分析及随访.根据患儿产前有无接受产前诊断、多学科会诊及序贯治疗,将16例患儿分为产前诊断组(n=8)及产后诊断组(n=8).比较两组患儿围手术期并发症、围手术期处理及预后、随访结局.结果 16例患儿均存活,无死亡病例.产前诊断组中,1例(12.5％)患儿因肿物感染肿大、压迫气道需穿刺减压;产后诊断组中,7例(87.5％)因术前有气道压迫需穿刺减压,组间比较,差异有统计学意义(P=0.003).产前诊断组术前无患儿需气管插管辅助通气,产后诊断组有2例(25％)需气管插管辅助通气,组间比较,差异无统计学意义(P=0.1).产前诊断组患儿术后呼吸机辅助通气时间为(11.50±13.88)h较产后诊断组(100.71±80.04)h明显缩短,组间比较,差异有统计学意义(P=0.0089).产后诊断组总病程为(44.00±16.90)d较产前诊断组(19.63±4.41)d明显延长,组间比较,差异有统计学意义(P=0.002).术后随访3～62个月,平均22.16个月,产前诊断组暂无复发病例,产后诊断组有1例.结论 产前诊断、多学科会诊及序贯治疗可以降低新生儿梨状窝囊肿围手术期严重并发症的发生率,有助于缩短总病程.     

儿童梨状窝瘘的诊断与治疗进展

梨状窝瘘是一种少见的颈部鳃源性疾病,主要表现为反复发作的颈部感染或化脓性甲状腺炎,由于许多临床医生对其胚胎发生、局部解剖和病理基础不甚了解,临床误诊和手术后复发病例较为常见。现就其诊断与治疗综述如下。     

儿童梨状窝瘘41例

目的提高对儿童梨状窝瘘的认识,介绍相关诊断与治疗进展。方法报告41例梨状窝瘘病例,男16例,女25例,年龄9个月至12岁3个月;左侧40例,右侧1例;33例行颈部超声显像,20例行CT柃查,29例行甲状腺核素显像,39例行食管吞钡造影。28例手术治疗,其中20例应用胃镜辅助,并对37例进行随访,随访时间18个月至17年6个月。结果超声检查显示：32例病变侧甲状腺实质不均质占位或软组织实质不均质占位,与甲状腺关系密切;CT检查提示：病变侧颈部炎性肿块或合并甲状腺内炎性占位性病变,其中5例直接诊断为梨状窝瘘;核素显像提示：26例甲状腺左叶、特别是上极放射性稀疏,2例呈“冷结节”;食管吞钡检查显示：左侧或右侧梨状窝底部有垂直下行的细小瘘管。10例单纯切除术中8例治愈,2例复发,经胃镜辅助治愈;20例经胃镜辅助切除病例中,2例复发;13例未手术,其中9例获随访,5例自愈或未发作,4例仍反复发作。结论儿童梨状窝瘘炎症消退后食道吞钡检查可明确诊断,CT、B超及同位素检查在梨状窝瘘的诊断中也起着非常重要的作用,手术切除瘘管是主要的治疗方法,关键在于完整切除或消灭瘘管;胃镜辅助检查有助于瘘管的寻找,从而保证瘘管的完整切除,是一种简便、有效的治疗手段。     

无肛舟状窝瘘术式改良及疗效评价

先天性无肛舟状窝瘘的治疗目前国内外常用的几种术式操作复杂且仍有少数患儿发生直肠回缩、瘘复发、肛门狭窄、污粪等并发症。自 1993年 3月～1998年 3月间我们设计了“直肠末端旋转式瘘修补肛门成形术”(以下简称直肠末端旋转术 ) ,疗效满意 ,报告如下。临床资料先天性无肛舟状窝瘘 15 0例 ,年龄1个月～ 1岁 3个月。直肠末端旋转术10 2例 ,其中高位无肛 14例、中位无肛5 7例、低位无肛 31例。随机完成对照组 48例 ,其中高位无肛 6例、中位无肛2 7例、低位无肛 15例 ,行骶会阴、尾路肛门成形术 2 0例 ,瘘后移肛门成形术2 8例。随访 3个月～ …     

Ⅰ期会阴肛门成形及瘘修补术治疗新生儿无肛舟状窝瘘

无肛舟状窝瘘是女婴无肛畸形中常见的一种类型，约占女婴直肠肛门畸形的65％。在小儿外科发展初期，因为担心新生儿解剖结构不清楚，手术不易操作，护理困难，容易感染，瘘复发和直肠黏膜回缩等并发症，多主张在6个月以后或出现排便困难时手术。随着社会进步，人们生活质量的提高，家长往往在发现疾病的第一时间来诊并要求就治。     

先天性肛门闭锁并直肠舟状窝瘘肛门成形术的改良

自 1994～ 1999年 ,我院对 11例先天性肛门闭锁并直肠舟状窝瘘术式进行改良 ,采用会阴经直肠内瘘管修补肛门成形术 ,效果满意 ,报告如下。临床资料1.一般资料　 11例均为女性 ,其中6个月～ 1岁 6例 ,1岁半～ 2岁 4例 ,4岁 1例。瘘口位于舟状窝部。入院时自瘘口排便顺利 8例 ,排便困难 3例。 11例瘘口均无红肿 ,瘘口直径 0 .5～0 .7ｃｍ。安静状态下直肠盲袋注水Ｂ超探查 ,盲端距肛切迹皮缘 0 .7～ 2 .0ｃｍ。经瘘管碘水造影显示继发性巨结肠 5例。术前针刺肛迹凹陷 ,均具有收缩反射存在。2 .手术方法　取截石位 ,于会阴部针刺肛迹皮肤 ,在收…     

Recurrent suppurative thyroiditis due to pyriform sinus fistula: a case report

Acute suppurative thyroiditis is a rare disease, particularly in childhood. We present a case with recurrent acute suppurative thyroiditis due to a pyriform sinus fistula originating from the fourth branchial pouch. The typical symptoms of a piriform sinus fistula are recurrent left-sided pain and swelling of the neck with signs of acute bacterial inflammation. Diagnosis should be made by high resolution ultrasound, barium meal studies and endoscopic examination. During acute exacerbations treatment with antibiotics is indicated, but permanent cure can only be attained by complete fistulectomy.     

Acute suppurative thyroiditis in children secondary to pyriform sinus fistula

Acute suppurative thyroiditis (AST), a potential complication of pyriform sinus fistula (PSF), is a rare clinical condition as the thyroid gland is remarkably resistant to infections. Lack of awareness of the entity contributes to the rarity and frustrating recurrences. We performed a retrospective review of all cases of AST due to PSF treated at our institution over a 10-year period. The clinical data, investigations, operative findings and procedures, microbial culture reports and follow-up were recorded and analyzed. Between January 1997 and September 2006, 12 cases (8 males and 4 females) of AST due to PSF were treated. Nine patients (75%) underwent successful complete excision, seven of whom had initial incision and drainage procedures. In three patients (25%) with recurrence, one underwent complete excision at a later procedure, one patient had multiple recurrences with six incision and drainage procedures and two failed attempts of excision of PSF before final successful complete excision. The third patient is awaiting re-excision of the PSF tract. All patients, except the one awaiting re-excision, are well with no further recurrences during the follow-up period that ranged from 18 to 96 months (median, 46.5 months). AST due to PSF is a challenging entity in terms of diagnosis and management as recurrences are common despite meticulous dissection. High index of suspicion and radiological investigations such as barium studies and computed tomography scan aid in the delineation and excision of the fistulous tract.     

Suspicion of prenatal pyriform sinus cyst and fistula: a case report

There has been no report describing suspected prenatal pyriform sinus (PS) cyst and fistula. We report a case suspected by prenatal ultrasonography and fetal MRI. A large cystic mass was found in the left neck of the fetus. After the baby was born, preoperative laryngoscopic catheterization of the fistula tract was used to confirm the diagnosis and greatly facilitated the identification and excision of the PS cyst and fistula.     

Light guided procedure for congenital pyriform sinus fistula; new and simple procedure for impalpable fistula

Pyriform sinus fistula causes acute suppurative thyroiditis, and there is a risk of recurrence if the sinus tract is not excised completely. The tract should be dissected as high as possible toward the pyriform fossa. We report our devised technique “the light guided procedure” for the impalpable fistula. A bronchoscope was inserted into the pyriform sinus fistula with the help of a gastrofiberscope positioned at the larynx. The tract of the fistula was identified with the help of the light from the bronchoscope. We were able to reach the proximal end of the fistula, directly. This procedure is easy, safe, and minimally invasive.     

Pyriform sinus fistula appearing as a neck tumor in the neonatal period: a case report

: Pyriform sinus cyst and fistula is a relatively rare tumor of the neck, even less is the neonatal period. We experienced a case of this one, and preoperative diagnosis was made by using endoscopy and cine-esophagography. A dyeing method that confirmed the fistula tract of cyst lead us to successful resection. Accepted: 1 October 1998