Summative assessment of under graduate medical student's performance in physiology by structured oral examination

To evaluate the importance and efficiency of structured oral examination (SOE). This is a retrospective study, has been designed to compare the newly adopted structured oral examination (SOE) with that of the traditional oral examination (TOE). This study was conducted at the department of physiology during the year 2006, on 607 2nd year medical students of Mymensingh Medical College and 106 students from some other medical colleges who appeared in the first professional examination under Dhaka University from 2003-2006. For this purpose, scores achieved by the students in physiology in first professional examination for 4 successive years (2003-2006) were analyzed. The examinations in (2003-2004) and (2005-2006) were conducted under TOE and SOE respectively. Mean score achieved in SOE and TOE was 67+/-.02 and 57+/-.003 respectively. The difference is statistically significant. The pass percentage in SOE is 94.70% and 90.3% in TOE and the difference is significant. Maximum number of students in SOE attained score in the range of 60-69 but in TOE scores attained by maximum frequency fall in the range of 50-59. This observation indicates improvement in student's performance by quality and success rate in SOE. Therefore SOE is a more effective, skill full technique and superior to TOE in assessing student's competency and cognitive ability. The need and skill of SOE over the TOE in assessing oral part of examination has been proved.     

Effect of two preclinical curricula on NBME Part I examination performance

The Michigan State University College of Human Medicine conducts two preclinical medical education programs. In Track I (lecture-based), students attend classes 24 hours per week, and lecture time totals 908 hours over a 50-week period. In Track II (problem-based), students attend classes only 12 hours per week, and lecture time totals 112 hours over the same 50-week period. Institution of the Part I examination of the National Board of Medical Examiners (NBME) as a graduation requirement provided an opportunity to compare the performances of students in both tracks. When students from each track with similar Science Problems subtest scores on the Medical College Admission Test were compared, no significant differences were observed in the students' total scores or pass rate on the NBME examination. However, there were significant differences in scores on the microbiology subtest of the NBME examination, with the Track I students achieving higher scores. The 1984 report of the Project Panel on the General Professional Education of the Physician and College Preparation for Medicine of the Association of American Medical Colleges stressed the need to examine critically and consider reducing the scheduled instructional and lecture hours in preclinical medical education programs. In the study reported here, the authors demonstrated that reduction of scheduled instructional time, when replaced by a guided problem-solving program, is not detrimental to students' performance on the NBME Part I examination.     

以岗位胜任力为核心的教学方法在农村订单定向免费医学生《神经病学》教学中的应用效果

目的为培养具备优秀岗位胜任力的农村订单定向免费医学人才,以《神经病学》为教材,制定以岗位胜任力为核心的教学方法并检测教学效果。方法选择蚌埠医学院2014级49名农村订单定向免费医学生作为观察组,2013级52名农村订单定向免费医学生作为对照组,观察组应用以岗位胜任力为核心的教学方法,对照组应用传统教学方法。结果观察组学生理论知识考试成绩与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）,实践技能考试成绩高于对照组（P < 0.05）,观察组科研能力高于对照组（P < 0.05）,观察组学生对教学满意度高于对照组（P < 0.01）。结论以岗位胜任力为核心的教学方法可提高学生理论知识,实践技能和科研能力,提高学生对教学的满意度,可增进临床学科教育教学质量。     

学生标准化病人在OSCE考核中的应用与研究

目的：探索学生标准化病人（SP）在客观结构化临床考试（OSCE）中的应用。方法：对我校2012、2013届部分毕业生进行SP考核,分析成绩,并对参加考核的学生与考官进行问卷调查。结果：两届学生SP考试总成绩均分无显著性差异;两届学生SP评分与考官评分成绩比较,差异显著。问卷调查结果表明,大多数考官与考生对学生SP的逼真度与满意度较高。结论：低年级医学生充当SP是行之有效的。     

A model for predicting performance on the NBME Part I examination

Multiple regression analyses were employed to determine the relationships between achievement variables as predictors of the performance on Part I of the National Board of Medical Examiners examinations (NBME-I) of 366 medical students. The students' examination score averages in first- and second-year basic science courses were sequentially added to a composite Medical College Admission Test (MCAT) score to investigate the increases in prediction accuracy. Four prediction equations were cross validated on two subsequent medical school classes. While the multiple correlation between the predicted NBME-I score and the actual score significantly increased as first- and second-year course examination scores were added to the equations, the overall accuracy in predicting passing or failing did not substantially increase. The most useful equation employed a combination of the MCAT score and the first semester anatomy course examination score. The NBME-I predictions were given by letter to the 1984 and 1985 students approximately a year before they were to take the NBME-I examination so that students at risk of failure could undertake remedial study.     

医学院校现场流行病学实用型人才的培养

实用型现场流行病学人才在应对突发公共卫生事件中具有重要作用。医学院校尤其流行病学专业有义务和责任不断探索和完善医学院校培养实用型现场流行病学人才的教学模式和考核机制,以加快该类人才的培养。文中阐述了对医学院校现场流行病学实用型人才培养的一些建议和思考。     

医学高职高专实践教学质量保障体系的探索与实践

实践教学是高等医学教育体系的重要组成部分。从修订人才培养方案、优化实践教学环境、加强教学质量工程建设、加强师资队伍建设、强化实践教学管理、加强教学质量监控等方面,介绍了邵阳医学高等专科学校在构建实践教学质量保障体系方面的一些探索与经验。     

客观结构化临床考试在五年制医学生毕业考试中的应用

目的探讨客观结构化临床考试在五年制医学生临床操作技能考试中的作用。方法对江汉大学医学院2005届和2006届五年制临床医学专业458名学生进行客观结构化临床考试,考试共设5站,包括标准化病人站和非标准化病人站,考试结束后对部分考生进行了有关客观结构化临床考试的问卷调查。结果客观结构化临床操作技能考试的难度、区分度较好;经过模拟训练的2006届学生总体成绩更好,两届学生得分最低的考站均为辅助检查站;客观结构化临床考试形式已经获得大部分学生的认可。结论客观结构化临床考试对学生的考核较为客观、公正,可以对学生的临床能力进行客观的和多方面的评估。     

Ten basic competencies for undergraduate pharmacology education at KIST Medical College, Lalitpur, Nepal

Medical schools have a major challenge in teaching students to choose and prescribe medicines safely and effectively. Problem-based learning based on national essential medicine lists and standard treatment guidelines has been strongly recommended to improve prescribing. In Nepal, pharmacology is taught during the first two years of the undergraduate medical course. At KIST Medical College, Lalitpur the Department of Clinical Pharmacology teaches students to use essential medicines rationally. Small group, activity-based learning is used during practical sessions. In this article the author lists the 10 basic competencies which students should have developed by the end of the pharmacology practical module and also describes a selection of activities with regard to a particular competency used during the practical module and an exercise used to assess these competencies during the practical examination.     

耳鼻喉科考试试卷分析

目的评估重庆医科大学第一临床学院2007级学生耳鼻喉科学考试试卷的质量。方法以第一临床学院2007级学生耳鼻喉科学考试202份试卷为研究资料。将每名学生的总成绩和每题的答对情况等数据,利用SASS15．0软件包进行统计分析,计算每道考题的得分均数、标准差、难度系数及区分度,并对成绩分布进行正态性检验。结果考试成绩呈负偏态分布,平均分80．9,标准差10．9分;最低分56．5,最高分98．0;难度系数0．781,区分度0．308。结论本试卷题型全面,区分度良好,较客观反映了学生对本学科课程的掌握程度,但是也存在学生成绩分布不尽合理、试题难度偏易等问题,反映出在教学过程中还存在一些薄弱环节。     

客观结构化临床考试在住院医师规范化培训年度考核中的应用

  目的  通过开展对客观结构化临床考试(objective structured clinical examination, OSCE)在住院医师规范化培训年度考核中应用的研究,指导今后OSCE的试题设置,使试题更规范、合理。  方法  选取参加2020年蚌埠医学院第一附属医院住院医师规范化培训年度考核的内科专业学员2018级62人、2019级64人的考核成绩为研究对象,分别分析OSCE设置的信度、效度、难度、区分度,并比较2个年级学员各站考试分数,讨论OSCE试题设置的合理程度及培训时间对成绩的影响。  结果  OSCE设置的信度选择评价者信度进行分析,结果良好;效度使用内容效度进行评价,效度较高;OSCE试题对于2018级学员的难度在0.55~0.78、总难度为0.72,对于2019级学员的难度在0.49~0.79、总难度为0.67,2个年级的单站难度、总体难度基本达到适宜标准;OSCE试题对于2018级学员的区分度为0.18,对于2019级学员的区分度为0.19,稍嫌不足;比较2个年级学员各站考试分数,2018级学员有5站(共6站)成绩高于2019级学员,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.001)。  结论  本次OSCE考站设置较为合理,可以客观反映学员的培训水平及临床实践能力,考核区分度有上升空间,培训时间与成绩呈正相关。      

Studies on clinical pattern of glomerulonephritis

A prospective study of primary glomerulonephritis covering two and half years period was done at Dhaka Medical College Hospital & IPGMR, Dhaka from June 90 to July 92. A total of 100 cases were included in this study. All of the patients were of 13 years and above, clinically diagnosed, and by laboratory investigations, the diagnoses were established. In this study, we have tried to find out age incidence, sex ratio, possible aetiological factors, common clinical presentation, biochemical parameters and histological typing of primary glomerulonephritis.     

早临床理念指导答辩式教学结合ORTCC模式在内分泌教学中的应用研究

目的 探讨早临床理念指导答辩式教学结合ORTCC模式在内分泌教学改革中的应用。方法 本研究将2022年8月至2023年8月到首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院实习的62名学生作为研究对象,按学号顺序分为对照组和观察组,每组31人。对照组采用传统教学,观察组采用早临床理念指导答辩式教学结合ORTCC模式教学。实习后,评估两组学生理论知识考核、临床实践考核及综合能力考核成绩。采用SPSS 22.0进行t检验。结果 对照组实习学生理论知识考核成绩为（87.00±3.86）分,观察组实习学生理论知识考核成绩为（91.26±4.34）分,差异有统计学意义（t＝4.09,P<0.001）。观察组实习学生临床实践考核得分和综合能力考核得分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 早临床理念指导答辩式教学结合ORTCC模式有助于内分泌科实习学生理论知识的掌握及临床实践技能和综合能力的提升,并能有效提高实习教学质量。     

客观结构化临床考试在医学生毕业考试中的应用与研究

广州医学院改革传统的临床医学专业学生毕业考试方式,采用客观结构化临床考试,以闭卷笔试考核学生临床理论知识的掌握情况,以实践操作与现场口试考核学生的临床技能及相关知识。实践证明,这种考试方式能够比较全面、客观地评价教学效果,引导医学生在实习中重视理论学习与临床实践的密切结合,促进临床教学质量的提高。     

阶梯式带教配合个体化考核在高职院校护理实训教学中的应用

目的 探讨阶梯式带教配合个体化考核在高职院校护理实训教学中的应用效果。方法 选取2020级高职护理专业护生219人,随机分为对照组（107人）与试验组（112人）,均在第一学期开设护理实训课程。对照组采用传统教学,试验组采用阶梯式带教配合个体化考核教学。对比两组护生教学后的理论知识与实践技能考核成绩、教学前后的综合护理能力,并比较两组护生对教学的肯定度。以SPSS 22.0进行t检验和卡方检验。结果 教学后试验组学生的理论知识与实践技能考核成绩各分项成绩及总分[（89.68±3.58） vs. （82.56±3.35）;（91.75±3.01） vs. （85.36±2.58）]均高于对照组（P<0.05）;教学前两组护生的综合护理能力比较差异无统计学意义,教学后的综合护理能力均高于教学前,且试验组护生的综合护理能力各分项成绩及总分[（86.53±2.61） vs. （80.32±2.31）]高于对照组（P<0.05）;教学后试验组护生对教学方法激发学习兴趣与积极性、提高自学能力、提高综合素养、提高理论知识运用能力、提高临床思维能力的肯定度均高于对照组（P<0.05）。结论 在高职院校护理实训教学中应用阶梯式带教配合个体化考核,可提高学生学习成绩及综合护理能力,并可提高其对教学的肯定度,可推广应用。     

医学教育国际化背景下的美国医师执照考试计算机考试系统应用的启示

为推进医学教育国际化,引入了美国医师执照考试,并为其建立了题库,开发了计算机考试系统.经过几年的应用实践和对考试结果的分析总结,发现我国的医学教育在教学内容、教学方法、评价模式等方面都有需要改革和完善的地方.文章从PBL教学、英语教学、客观结构化临床考试、临床基本技能和临床实践能力培养、对教师的要求等方面阐述了需要加强的内容及措施.借此希望能对我国的医学教育改革有所启示.     

医学生实践教育体系的构建

实践教育是高等医学院校培养德才兼备医学人才的重要途径。充分认识医学生实践教育的重要时代意义,积极探索构建科学有序的实践教育体系和保障机制,进行多元化的评价与考核,有助于建立实践育人长效机制。     

临床专业医学生学好法医学的意义

结合贵阳医学院当前临床专业人体解剖学及法医学教学现状,通过对贵阳医学院法医司法鉴定中心近年来医疗纠纷相关案件鉴定工作的分析,阐述了临床专业学习法医学的必要性,以此加强对临床医学生毕业后从业素质及对医疗纠纷防范的培养。     

基于胜任力的评价系统在普外科住院医师规范化培训中的应用

目的评价基于岗位胜任力的评价系统在普外科住院医师规范化培训中的应用效果。方法以岗位胜任力为基准设计和制定评价系统（包含4个一级指标和20个二级指标）,于2020年应用于蚌埠医学院第一附属医院普外科医师规范化培训的考核中,221名被培训者包括专业型硕士研究生124名（A组）和统招规范化培训医师97名（B组）,2组按培训时间分为A1和B1（培训时间为1年）、A2和B2（培训时间为2年及以上）;于培训结束后调查被培训者对评价系统的满意度。结果培训者对评价系统总体满意度为97.94%;A组和B组被培训者在一级指标医德医风、临床实践能力、临床综合能力、出科考核与考勤及总成绩的得分上差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;A2和B2有6个二级指标（医患关系、病史质量、临床基本操作、跟台手术、处理复杂病人能力、临床思维能力）得分均高于A1和B1,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05~P＜0.01）;专业型硕士研究生A2在体格检查得分低于A1,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论基于岗位胜任力的评价系统在普外科医师规范化培训考核中具有良好导向作用,对不同年资的学生培训具有一定的指导价值。