Neuronavigator-guided glioma surgery

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of neuronavigator-guided surgery for the resection of gliomas. Methods A total of 80 patients with gliomas underwent surgical treatment under the StealthStation neuronavigator to estimate the extent of the tumors. In 27 cases, the measurements of brain shifts at the dura, cortical surface and lesion margin were recorded during the operations. A technique termed “micro-catheter fence post” was used in superficial gliomas to compensate for brain shift.Results Mean fiducial error and predicted accuracy in the 80 cases were 2.03 mm±0.89 mm and 2.43 mm±0.99 mm, respectively. The shifts at the dura, cortical surface and lesion margin were 3.44 mm±2.39 mm, 7.58 mm±3.75 mm, and 6.55 mm±3.19 mm, respectively. Although neuronavigation revealed residual tumors, operations were discontinued in 5 cases of deep-seated gliomas. In the other 75 cases, total tumor removals were achieved in 62 (82.7%), and subtotal removals were achieved in 13 (17.3%). Post-operation, neurological symptoms were improved or unchanged in 68 cases (85.0%), and worsened in 12 (15.0%). No deaths occurred during the operations and post-operations. Conclusions Intraoperative brain shifts mainly contribute to the fail of spatial accuracy during neuronavigator-guided glioma surgery. The “micro-catheter fence post” technique used for glioma surgery is shown to be useful for compensating for intraoperative brain shifts. This technique, thus, contributes to an increase in total tumor removal and a decrease in surgical complications.     

神经导航下显微切除脑深部胶质瘤效果观察

目的观察神经导航在脑深部胶质瘤显微手术中的应用效果。方法应用电磁神经导航技术对15例经MRI诊断为脑深部胶质瘤患者行显微外科手术切除。结果肿瘤全切10例,次全切除2例,大部分切除3例,无手术死亡,无新增神经功能障碍。结论神经导航辅助下显微手术治疗脑深部胶质瘤定位精确,具有微侵袭特点,可提高肿瘤切除率,降低手术并发症。     

Image-guided resection of cerebral cavernous malformations

Cavernousmalformations (CMs) generallycategorizedascerebralvascularmalformations ,andrepresentroughly9%ofallcerebrovascularmalformations 1　Themostcommonclinicalpresentationisseizureoccurringin 2 5 %to 5 0 %of patients Intracerebralhemorrhageisalsocommonlyseeninthese patients,withanannualhemorrhagerateof 0 2 5 %-2 3 %perpatient 2 　Withtheadventofmagneticresonanceimaging (MRI) ,diagnosisofCMinmostcasesishighlyaccurate Dealingwiththeselesionsespeciallyintheso called“healthypatients” ,neu…     

40例电视胸腔镜手术体会

目的 探讨电视胸腔镜(VATS)手术的优点、适应证和手术技巧。方法 回顾总结VATS手术40例。病种有原发性自发性气胸20例，多发性肺大疱3例，Ⅰ期肺癌3例等。手术方式有肺大疱切除23例，肺叶切除术3例(辅助小切口)，肺楔形切除4例，纵隔肿瘤切除术3例，结核瘤切除1例，活检3例，胸膜粘连术3例，射频消融1例，纤维板剥脱术1例。结果 本组病例手术时间平均65分钟，失血量少于100ml，中转开胸2例，术后胸液总量平均150ml。胸管置留时间1～7天，平均住院时间7．8天，无气胸、良性肿瘤和结核复发，恶性胸水明显减少或消失，无持续漏气、二次开胸止血和手术死亡等并发症。结论 VATS手术适应证范围较广，微创出血少，美观，恢复快，只要掌握了手术技巧，操作便捷，并发症少，疗效满意。     

Minimally invasive neuronavigator-guided microsurgery and photodynamic therapy for gliomas

In order to evaluate the effectiveness ofneuronavigator-guided microsurgery and keyhole technique for the resection of gliomas, a total of 60 patients with gliomas were exactly located by using neuronavigator during microsurgery. Forty deep-seated gliomas were resected through a keyhole operative approach. Thirty out of the 60 cases were subjected to photodynamic therapy （PDT） after tumor resection. The therapeutic effectiveness of all the cases was recorded and analyzed. The resuits showed that glioma was totally resected in 52 cases （86.7%）, subtotally in 5 （8.3%）, and most partially in 3 （5%）. Neurological deficits occurred postoperatively in 4 cases. One patient died of multiple system organ failure 4 days after operation. It was concluded that the application of minimally invasive technique could dramatically decrease surgical complications following resection of glioma, and its combination with PDT could obviously improve the quality of life of patients and prolong the survival time.     

内镜粘膜下剥离胃食管连接部上皮内瘤变的有效性及安全性研究

背景：在胃不同部位内镜粘膜下剥离（ESD）中胃食管连接部手术技术难度最大。Siewert将胃食管连接部腺癌依据起源分为三种类型。目前仅有日本学者报道了胃食管连接部Siewert’s二型病变ESD研究,尚未见将三种类型病变ESD治疗效果统一分析的报道。Objective：评价应用ESD切除胃食管连接部上皮内瘤变的有效性和安全性。方法： 2008年10月至2013年1月期间,73例患者应用ESD技术切除胃食管连接部病上皮内瘤变。本研究前瞻性的评估ESD技术的可行性,短期结果,完整切除率,治愈性切除率,并发症,以及ESD术后的补充治疗及随访结果。结果：73例患者中,68例 (93.2%) 完整切除。切除粘膜最大径平均33.7mm。达到治愈性切除标准的61例患者中,成功随访57例(93.4%)。随访时间为1-56个月,平均24.1个月。1例患者出现高级别上皮内瘤变的再发。12例患者未达到治愈性切除。其中有3例水平切缘残留,1例垂直切缘有残留,4例存在印戒细胞癌或未分化的腺癌,1例病人存在脉管或淋巴管浸润,垂直切除残留印戒细胞癌的有1例,未分化腺癌且合并脉管或淋巴管浸润的有2例。在非治愈性切除患者中,1例失访,7例病人补充外科手术,4例病人定期随访未发现复发及远端转移。3例出现并发症仅为延迟出血,经过保守治疗或内镜下止血后治愈。结论：ESD是治疗胃食管连接部上皮内瘤变的安全有效方法,完整切除以及治愈性切除是完全可行的,且在一定程度上可以避免局部复发。     

改良椎体次全切除在两间隙以上颈椎病手术中的应用

目的比较应用保留部分椎体后方皮质的椎体次全切除术式治疗颈椎病病人与传统椎体次全切除术式的优缺点。方法2004年6月-2010年3月间应用改良的椎体次全切除术式治疗有明显的两个间隙以上的颈椎间盘突出病人43例,男性29例,女性14例,年龄34-76岁,平均54岁,随访时间1-4年,平均2年,依据日本骨科医师协会（JOA）评分分析疗效,通过X片必要时通过二维CT观察有无骨性愈合。结果43例病人JOA评分术前为9±2,术后1周13±2,术后1年为14±2,41例病人症状获得明显改善,1年后的颈椎X片上钛网周围骨痂形成良好,达到骨性愈合。2例病人症状未见好转,其中1例术后出现缺血再灌注损伤,后逐渐恢复至术前,1例病人术中出现脑脊液漏。结论此改良手术具有术中操作简便、减少并发症、有利于骨性愈合和避免钛网或植骨块后移压迫脊髓的优点。属于传统的两种方式的较好组合。     

小肝癌的诊断与治疗

目的 :总结 5 4例小肝癌的诊断与手术切除经验。方法 :回顾性分析了近 10a来收治经病理证实的 5 4例小肝癌的诊断与手术治疗情况。其中无症状体检或因其他疾病检查B超、CT发现 2 9例 (5 3 7% ) ,AFP >2 0 μg/L占 46 2 %。 5 4例均行非规则性肝切除 ,其中肝局部切除 36例 ,肝段切除 8例 ,肝叶切除 6例 ,肝切除 +脾切除 +断流术 4例 ,肝叶切除 +门静脉取栓术 3例 ,术后复发再切除 5例。结果 :5 4例小肝癌术后 1、3、5a生存率分别为 98 1%、74 6 %、6 0 2 %。术后 2a复发率为 2 7 3%。结论 :AFP、B超是发现小肝癌的首选方法 ,手术切除是治疗小肝癌的最佳选择     

肺错构瘤191例临床分析及文献复习

目的 总结肺错构瘤的临床特点、影像特征、诊断、治疗方法及预后.方法 回顾性研究北京协和医院1983-2010年间病理确诊191例肺错构瘤的临床资料并结合文献复习讨论.结果 75-39%发生于40～70岁之间,平均50.86岁,男:女为1.247:1.63.87%无症状.均行CT,12.3%见爆米花样钙化,仅10.5%术...     

延迟性肝切除治疗肝细胞癌自发破裂

目的：探讨应用延迟性肝切除治疗自发破裂的肝细胞癌。方法：总结6例自发破裂肝细胞癌患者应用延迟性肝切除治疗的临床、病理及随访资料。结果：患者中男5例,女1例,平均年龄45．5岁。术前3例保守治疗止血,1例行TAE止血,2例出血自行停止。首次入院至肝切除术平均36d。5例为根治性切除,1例姑息性切除,无手术及住院死亡者。肿瘤最大直径4－11cm,合并肝硬化者83．3％,5例术后复发转移,1例无瘤存活4年,1年、3年生存率分别为66．7％,33．3％,结论：延迟性肝切除可有效地治疗肝细胞癌自发破裂。     

Palliative endoscopic trans-anal resection of advanced rectosigmoid carcinoma

There is no consensus on optimal treatment of patients with rectosigmoid cancer and unresectable metastatic disease. This is a retrospective review of all patients who underwent palliative endoscopic trans-anal resection (ETAR) of rectosigmoid cancer over a 10-year period. Fourteen patients (11 male) with a mean age 69.7 years (range 51–86) underwent ETAR; 11 for rectal tumours and 3 for rectosigmoid tumours. Indications included tenesmus (5), troublesome bleeding (6), mucous discharge (1) and obstructed defaecation (8). The number of treatment episodes varied from 1 to 4 (median 1). The symptom-free interval was mean 6.25 months (range 2–15). Eight patients had lifelong relief of symptoms and four patients are currently symptom free. There were two short-term failures treated with stenting (1) and abdominoperineal resection (1). There were no immediate post-treatment complications. One patient developed increasing incontinence and another pelvic pain after ETAR attributable to local tumour infiltration. ETAR provides a convenient and safe method of palliation for patients with local symptoms of advanced rectosigmoid carcinoma.     

经胸乳入路内镜甲状腺切除术62例

目的探讨经胸乳入路内镜甲状腺手术的方法、可行性、安全性。方法回顾性分析行胸乳人路内镜甲状腺切除术62例的临床资料,其中原发性甲状腺机能亢进4例、甲状腺腺瘤21例、结节性甲状腺肿36例和甲状腺癌1例。结果成功完成手术60例,2例中转开放手术。手术时间（126．2±27．0）min,术中失血平均15．5ml,均未输血。术后2d～3d拔除引流管。术后平均住院时间4．1d,平均住院费用为14510元,本院同期开放甲状腺手术患者住院费用平均为4700元,两者比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。手术方式包括甲状腺肿瘤切除11例,甲状腺单叶次全切除23例,双叶次全切除27例,甲状腺癌根治性切除1例。甲状腺肿块长径最大4．0cm。术后均无并发症。术后随访,失访2例,58例随访3—60个月（平均20个月）,3例结节性甲状腺肿术后复发小结节,原发性甲状腺机能亢进症术后无复发。患者均对手术美容效果满意。1例甲状腺癌目前仍生存,并继续随访。结论经胸乳入路内镜甲状腺切除术是一种安全而可行的手术方法,手术视野清晰,显露神经清楚,具有显著美容效果。但该方法仍有一定的并发症发生率,费用较开放手术高,因此仍有待改进。     

氢质子磁共振波谱对胶质瘤周围区判断的应用价值

目的 探讨氢质子磁共振波谱（1H-MRS）对胶质瘤肿瘤周围区判断的应用价值,及其与周围区肿瘤细胞浸润的相关性。方法 40例胶质瘤患者均在术前行1H-MRS检查,并按术后肿瘤病理分级分为低级别胶质瘤组（n=20）和高级别胶质瘤组（n=20）。在神经导航系统指导下实施肿瘤切除,同时获得事先标记的肿瘤周围区组织,并进行病理学检查。按病理切片是否含有肿瘤细胞分为阳性组和阴性组,分析两组不同周围区（1、2、3区）病理学表现和1H-MRS值的差异。结果 低级别胶质瘤组除1例患者在周围1区有肿瘤浸润,其余各区均未发现肿瘤浸润现象;高级别胶质瘤组在各周围区均发现肿瘤浸润现象。高级别胶质瘤的阳性组（n=24）和阴性组（n=36）各区的1H-MRS值比较,差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论 1H-MRS对于肿瘤周围区的诊断具有较好的应用价值,结合神经导航系统可实现肿瘤真正意义上的全切除,但相关技术尚待进一步改进。     

氢质子磁共振波谱对胶质瘤周围区判断的应用价值

目的 探讨氢质子磁共振波谱(1H-MRS)对胶质瘤肿瘤周围区判断的应用价值,及其与周围区肿瘤细胞浸润的相关性.方法 40例胶质瘤患者均在术前行1H-MRS检查,并按术后肿瘤病理分级分为低级别胶质瘤组(n=20)和高级别胶质瘤组(n=20).在神经导航系统指导下实施肿瘤切除,同时获得事先标记的肿瘤周围区组织,并进行病理学检查.按病理切片是否含有肿瘤细胞分为阳性组和阴性组,分析两组不同周围区(1、2、3区)病理学表现和1H-MRS值的差异.结果 低级别胶质瘤组除1例患者在周围1区有肿瘤浸润,其余各区均未发现肿瘤浸润现象;高级别胶质瘤组在各周围区均发现肿瘤浸润现象.高级别胶质瘤的阳性组(n=24)和阴性组(n=36)各区的1H-MRS值比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 1H-MRS对于肿瘤周围区的诊断具有较好的应用价值,结合神经导航系统可实现肿瘤真正意义上的全切除,但相关技术尚待进一步改进.     

Clinical study on reservation of part of stomach for patients with cardiac cancer of the gastric stump

ＣｌｉｎｉｃａｌｓｔｕｄｙｏｎｒｅｓｅｒｖａｔｉｏｎｏｆｐａｒｔｏｆｓｔｏｍａｃｈｆｏｒｐａｔｉｅｎｔｓｗｉｔｈｃａｒｄｉａｃｃａｎｃｅｒｏｆｔｈｅｇａｓｔｒｉｃｓｔｕｍｐＺｈａｎｇＧｕａｎｇｃｕｎ张广忖,ＭｉａｏＬｉｎｃｈｕａｎ缪林川,ＺｈａｎｇＨ...     

Clinical Control Study of Endoscopic Full-thickness Resection and Laparoscopic Surgery in the Treatment of Gastric Tumors Arising from the Muscularis Propria

Background:

Gastric stromal tumors arising from the muscularis propria are located in deeper layers. Endoscopic resection may be contraindicated due to the possibility of perforation. These tumors are therefore usually removed by surgical or laparoscopic procedures. This study evaluated the curative effects, safety and feasibility of endoscopic full-thickness resection (EFR) of gastric stromal tumors originating from the muscularis propria.

Methods:

This study enrolled 92 patients with gastric stromal tumors >2.5 cm originating from the muscularis propria. Fifty patients underwent EFR, and 42 underwent laparoscopic intragastric surgery. Operation time, complete resection rate, length of hospital stay, incidence of complications, and recurrence rates were compared in these two groups.

Results:

EFR resulted in complete resection of all 50 gastric stromal tumors, with a mean procedure time of 85 ± 20 min, a mean hospitalization time of 7.0 ± 1.5 days and no complications. Laparoscopic intragastric surgery also resulted in a 100% complete resection rate, with a mean operation time of 88 ± 12 min and a mean hospitalization period of 7.5 ± 1.6 days. The two groups did not differ significantly in operation time, complete resection rates, hospital stay or incidence of complications (P > 0.05). No patient in either group experienced tumor recurrence.

Conclusions:

EFR technique is effective and safe for the resection of gastric stromal tumors arising from the muscularis propria.     

超声引导下穿刺活检对不同病理类型乳腺炎性病灶的鉴别诊断价值*

目的 探讨超声引导下穿刺活检（US-CNB）对不同病理类型乳腺炎性病灶的鉴别诊断价值。方法 选取2017年9月—2019年2月锦州医科大学附属第一医院就诊的疑似乳腺炎患者64例作为研究对象。所有患者于彩色多普勒超声（以下简称彩超）检查后行US-CNB，且经择期手术后切除病灶。以手术后组织病理学结果作为确诊的金标准，分析对比US-CNB与彩超检查结果的准确性。结果 64例临床疑似乳腺炎的患者中，与手术后病理学结果比较，US-CNB诊断的准确率为96.9%（62/64），彩超检查诊断的准确率为75.0%（48/64），2种方法比较，差异有统计学意义（P?<0.05），US-CNB诊断的准确率高于彩超检查的准确率。结论 US-CNB对乳腺炎病理分型的鉴别诊断较准确，该技术对临床医生有较重要的参考价值。     

14例老年多原发肺癌临床分析

目的：研究老年肺多原发癌的临床诊断、治疗和预后。方法：回顾性分析281例经病理证实的老年肺癌患者，对其中14例肺多原发癌进行临床分析。结果：本组老年肺多原发癌14例占4．98％（14／281），其中双原发癌13例（92．9％），三原发癌1例（7．1％）。首癌平均生存期114．3月，首癌与重癌间隔平均52．2月。11例重癌接受治疗后平均生存47．2月，手术治疗者6例平均生存71．2月，显著长于非手术治疗者的18．4月。结论：随存活时间的延长，重复癌的发生的危险逐渐增加，尤其是存活2年以上，因此需要对肺原发癌治疗后存活的患者长期终生追踪。为获得较好的预后，对重复癌要尽可能推荐手术治疗。     

Early and long-term results of combined cardiac surgery and neoplastic resection in patients with concomitant severe heart disease and neoplasms

Background  It is a surgical dilemma when patients present with both severe heart disease and neoplasms. The best surgical treatment remains controversial. This study aimed to analyze the early and long-term results of simultaneous surgical treatment of severe heart disease and neoplasms.

Methods  We reviewed the clinical records of 15 patients who underwent simultaneous neoplastic resection and cardiac surgery between September 2006 and January 2011. There were 5 male and 10 female patients. The mean age was (59.2±12.5) years and the mean left ventricular ejection fraction was (57.4±11.0)%. All patients were followed up completely for a period of 12 to 51 months (mean, (33.1±11.2) months).

Results  Fifteen patients underwent simultaneous cardiac surgery and neoplastic resection. Cardiac procedures consisted of off pump coronary artery bypass grafting (n=7), aortic valve replacement (n=3), mitral valve replacement (n=3), mitral valve replacement with coronary artery bypass grafting (n=1) and left atrial myxoma resection (n=1). Neoplastic resection consisted of lung cancer resection (n=5), colonic cancer resection (n=3), gallbladder resection (n=1), colonic cancer resection with gallbladder resection (n=1), hysterectomy (n=2), hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (n=2) and left ovariectomy (n=1). Pathological examination confirmed malignant disease in 10 patients and benign disease in 5 patients. There were no perioperative myocardial infarctions, stroke, pericardial tamponade, renal failure or hospital deaths. The most frequent complications were atrial fibrillation (33.3%), pneumonia (26.7%), low cardiac output syndrome (6.7%) and delayed healing of surgical wounds (6.7%). There was 1 late death 42 months after surgery for recurrent malignant disease. At 1 and 3 years, survival rates were 100% (Kaplan-Meier method).

Conclusions  Simultaneous cardiac surgery and neoplastic resection was not associated with increased early or late morbidity or mortality. Cardiopulmonary bypass does not appear to adversely affect survival in patients with malignant disease. The long-term survival was determined by tumor stage.

     

Computer Navigation-aided Resection of Sacral Chordomas

Background:

Resection of sacral chordomas is challenging. The anatomy is complex, and there are often no bony landmarks to guide the resection. Achieving adequate surgical margins is, therefore, difficult, and the recurrence rate is high. Use of computer navigation may allow optimal preoperative planning and improve precision in tumor resection. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and feasibility of computer navigation-aided resection of sacral chordomas.

Methods:

Between 2007 and 2013, a total of 26 patients with sacral chordoma underwent computer navigation-aided surgery were included and followed for a minimum of 18 months. There were 21 primary cases and 5 recurrent cases, with a mean age of 55.8 years old (range: 35–84 years old). Tumors were located above the level of the S3 neural foramen in 23 patients and below the level of the S3 neural foramen in 3 patients. Three-dimensional images were reconstructed with a computed tomography-based navigation system combined with the magnetic resonance images using the navigation software. Tumors were resected via a posterior approach assisted by the computer navigation. Mean follow-up was 38.6 months (range: 18–84 months).

Results:

Mean operative time was 307 min. Mean intraoperative blood loss was 3065 ml. For computer navigation, the mean registration deviation during surgery was 1.7 mm. There were 18 wide resections, 4 marginal resections, and 4 intralesional resections. All patients were alive at the final follow-up, with 2 (7.7%) exhibiting tumor recurrence. The other 24 patients were tumor-free. The mean Musculoskeletal Tumor Society Score was 27.3 (range: 19–30).

Conclusions:

Computer-assisted navigation can be safely applied to the resection of the sacral chordomas, allowing execution of preoperative plans, and achieving good oncological outcomes. Nevertheless, this needs to be accomplished by surgeons with adequate experience and skill.