多普勒超声检查对胡桃夹综合征的临床诊断价值

目的 探究多普勒超声检查对胡桃夹综合征的临床诊断价值。方法 选择2018年7月至2020年5月遂溪县人民医院收治的50例胡桃夹综合征患者作为研究组,另选择48名同期于我院行健康体检的志愿者作为对照组,所有参检者均行多普勒超声检查。比较2组超声检查结果,以及研究组患者在平卧位、站立背伸位狭窄扩张部位近端左肾静脉内径及血流速度、狭窄处左肾静脉内径及血流速度。结果 研究组腹主动脉（AO）与肠系膜上动脉（SMA）间夹角、左肾静脉狭窄段内径、最狭窄处左肾静脉血管内径（d2）/近肾端受压前最宽处左肾静脉血管内径（d1）值均小于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;站立背伸位近端左肾静脉内径、狭窄处左肾静脉血流速度,近端左肾静脉内径/狭窄处左肾静脉内径值、狭窄处左肾静脉血流速度/狭窄扩张部位近端左肾静脉血流速度均大于平卧位,狭窄处左肾静脉内径、狭窄扩张部位近端左肾静脉血流速度均小于平卧位,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 在胡桃夹综合征临床诊断中应用多普勒超声能够清晰观察血流情况及流速,具有操作简单、无创性等优势,能够为临床鉴别诊断提供可靠依据,可将其作为诊断胡桃夹综合征的首选...     

超声诊断儿童胡桃夹现象200例的临床研究及观察血流动力学的价值

目的探讨儿童胡桃夹现象的超声诊断价值及其对血流动力学的影响。方法将我院200例经血尿检查疑似胡桃夹现象的患儿进行超声诊断,选取确诊为胡桃夹综合征的100例患儿为观察组,另选取100名健康儿童作为对照组,观察2组血流动力学。结果不同体位下,胡桃夹综合征患儿的各项参数指标差异具有统计学意义。其受压扩张部位内径、受压狭窄部位内径,受压部位血流速度、扩张部位血流速度比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);胡桃夹综合征患儿与对照组左肾静脉狭窄处的内径范围分别为1.26~2.18 mm、1.36~2.51 mm,狭窄处峰值流速分别为128.67~200.27 cm/s、6.98~68.87 cm/s,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论超声诊断可作为儿童胡桃夹综合征的检查首选影像学方法,患儿的左肾静脉狭窄处的峰值流速可在胡桃夹现象阳性诊断中作为一项重要的参考指标。     

彩色多普勒血流动力学指标对儿童胡桃夹现象的诊断价值

目的探讨彩色多普勒检查中血流动力学指标对儿童胡桃夹现象的诊断价值。方法对70例血尿查因疑似患儿进行二维彩色多普勒检查,测量患儿仰卧位、侧卧位、脊柱后伸15～20min左肾静脉经过肠系膜上动脉与腹主动脉之间受压变窄的内径、血流峰值及窄后内径、血流峰值,并将8例胡桃夹现象阳性患儿数据与从59例正常儿童中随机选取的8例相应数据进行比较。结果胡桃夹现象阳性患儿其左肾静脉狭窄处内径范围在1.25～2.17mm之间,狭窄处峰值流速在129.80～201.46cm/s;正常儿童左肾静脉狭窄处内径范围在1.33～2.41mm之间,狭窄处峰值流速在27.26～69.36cm/s。结论左肾静脉狭窄处峰值流速可作为诊断胡桃夹现象阳性的一项参考指标。     

应用彩色多普勒超声对左肾静脉胡桃夹综合征的诊断研究

目的：应用彩色多普勒超声研究胡桃夹综合征左肾静脉各参数的指标。方法：应用探头频率3.5～5.0MHZ的彩色多普勒超声,观察30例患者左肾静脉内径,血流速度及压力变化情况。结果：30例患者左肾静脉内径均增宽,仰卧位时左肾静脉狭窄部位内径约1mm～2.4mm,狭窄扩张部位近端内径约4mm～8mm,狭窄部位血流速度约120～195cm/s,狭窄扩张部位近端血流速度约25cm/s～45cm/s,压力阶差约6.55～18.49mmHg。结论：彩色多普勒超声可以对左肾静脉进行观察及准确的测量,可以动态的观察左肾静脉血流速度的变化及内径的变化,对胡桃夹现象的诊断具有重要意义。     

胡桃夹现象的彩色多普勒超声诊断与分析

目的探讨胡桃夹现象的彩色多普勒超声诊断及价值。方法对23例临床初诊左肾静脉压迫综合征现象的患者,应用二维超声检查,测量仰卧位时及左肾静脉(LRV)狭窄及扩张部位内径,比较左、右肾脏纵径、横径及左右肾静脉肾门区内径。结果仰卧位左肾静脉狭窄前扩张部位近端内径比狭窄处内径宽2倍以上,脊柱后伸位站立20min后宽7倍以上。左肾较右肾明显增大,左肾静脉肾门区内径较右肾静脉明显增宽。结论彩色多普勒超声是诊断胡桃夹现象准确、简便、快捷的方法。     

二维及彩色多普勒超声诊断胡桃夹综合征的临床价值

对35例胡桃夹综合征(NCP)患者应用二维及彩色多普勒超声检查,所有患者均见左肾静脉明显受压变窄,狭窄前均扩张,仰卧位左肾静脉狭窄前扩张部位近端内径(b)/比狭窄处内径(a)宽2倍以上,脊柱后伸位后宽4倍以上,最宽者达9倍。NCP组狭窄部位流速增快,呈高速湍流频谱。彩色多普勒超声检查可作为NCP诊断的首选方法。     

Diagnostic significance of two-dimensional and color Doppler ultrasound for nutcracker phenomenon

对35例胡桃夹综合征(NCP)患者应用二维及彩色多普勒超声检查,所有患者均见左肾静脉明显受压变窄,狭窄前均扩张,仰卧位左肾静脉狭窄前扩张部位近端内径(b)/比狭窄处内径(a)宽2倍以上,脊柱后伸位后宽4倍以上,最宽者达9倍.NCP组狭窄部位流速增快,呈高速湍流频谱.彩色多普勒超声检查可作为NCP诊断的首选方法.     

胡桃夹综合征的手术治疗

目的提高对胡桃夹症的认识,改进治疗左肾静脉胡桃夹综合征的手术方法。方法回顾性分析3例采用左肾静脉下移与下腔静脉端侧吻合术治疗的胡桃夹症患者的临床资料。结果3例患者症状均为反复血尿,彩色多普勒超声示胡桃夹现象患者左肾静脉最宽和最窄处内径比均>3,近端血流速度明显增快,且站立15m in后更明显。肉眼血尿消失时间分别在术后第2、5、4天,镜下血尿消失时间分别在术后第4、6、6天,随访至少4个月,症状消失无复发。结论彩色多普勒超声是术前诊断胡桃夹综合征的首选方法;左肾静脉下移与下腔静脉端侧吻合术治疗左肾静脉胡桃夹综合征,方法较安全,效果好。     

彩超对“胡桃夹”综合征的诊断价值探讨

目的:探讨彩超诊断"胡桃夹综合症"的价值。方法:采用平卧位、直立位、蹲位、右侧屈膝位分析10例"胡桃夹"综合征的左肾静脉远端和近端血管内径及流速。结果:平卧位、蹲位、右侧屈膝卧位与直立位比较差异有统计学意义。采用平卧位、蹲位、右侧屈膝卧位可以使左肾静脉远心端内径(b)/近心端内径(a)减小,Va/Vb减小。结论:彩超对观察"胡桃夹"综合征不同体位左肾静脉内径及血流改变具有显著的临床价值。     

超声诊断胡桃夹血尿31例

胡桃夹现象也称胡桃夹综合征或左肾静脉压迫综合征.它是左肾静脉受压伴发血尿或直立性蛋白尿、腹痛和精索曲张的一种疾病[1].很多临床医师及超声医师对该病认识不足,本文旨在探讨该类患者左肾静脉受压时最宽处与最窄处血管内径的比值范围,以期提高对该病的认识.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.