基于网络药理学探究当归补血汤治疗肺纤维化的作用机制

目的：利用网络药理学和分子对接研究当归补血汤治疗肺纤维化的有效成分及其作用机制。方法：应用中药系统药理学数据库与分析平台（TCMSP）检索当归补血汤的活性成分及其对应靶点,分别运用GeneCards数据库和DisGeNET数据库搜索肺纤维化相关靶点,将药物有效分成分和疾病靶点取交集得到核心靶点。利用Cytoscape 3.9.0软件构建药物-成分-疾病-靶点网络,使用R语言ClusteProfiler程序包对核心靶点分别行GO富集分析和KEGG通路富集分析,对KEGG通路构建药物-成分-靶点-通路图,用Autodock Vina对核心靶点和药物活性成分行分子对接验证,预测二者之间的相互作用。结果：获得当归补血汤中22种有效活性成分,115个潜在靶点,其中与肺纤维化密切相关的重要成分为β-谷甾醇和槲皮素,核心靶点BCL2、CHRM3、PLAU、HSP90AA1和PRKCA,通过GO功能富集分析和KEGG代谢通路富集分析发现,这些核心靶点主要参与PI3K-Akt信号通路等。通过分子对接验证表明部分活性成分与核心靶点之间具有良好的结合性。结论：系统阐述了当归补血汤治疗肺纤维化的潜在药理机制,...     

基于网络药理学和分子对接探讨裘氏二藤汤治疗慢性盆腔炎的机制

[目的] 基于网络药理学和分子对接方法,探讨二藤汤的有效成分治疗慢性盆腔炎的机制。[方法] 利用TCMSP和TCMID数据库筛选出二藤汤有效成分及其靶点,运用Uniprot数据库获取标准化的靶点名称,同时,利用Cytoscape3.7.2软件构建“药物-活性成分-靶点”网络。通过GeneCards、OMIM数据库收集慢性盆腔炎靶点,同时,利用Venny 2.1.0获取“药物-疾病”的交集靶点并绘制韦恩图,通过STRING平台构建PPI网络图,并运用Cytoscape 3.7.2软件中CytoNCA插件筛选关键靶点。利用Metascape数据库进行GO功能和KEGG通路的富集分析。最后,利用AutoDock Vina 1.1.2对关键靶点和活性成分进行分子对接。[结果] 通过筛选共获得231个活性成分,211个“药物-疾病”交集靶点;GO分析获得2538个条目,分别为2174个BP,233个MF及131个CC条目。KEGG分析得到209条信号通路;分子对接结果显示关键靶点与核心活性成分具有较好的结合活性。[结论]二藤汤通过多成分、多靶点、多通路治疗慢性盆腔炎。     

Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Study of Tongmai Zhuyu Decoction(通逐瘀汤) in Treatment of Atherosclerosis

目的:采用网络药理学与分子对接技术探讨通脉逐瘀汤治疗动脉粥样硬化(AS)的潜在作用机制.方法:利用中药系统药理学数据库(TCMSP)、分子机制的生物信息学(BATMAN)数据库、通用蛋白质资源(Uniprot)数据库获得通脉逐瘀汤的活性成分及其作用靶点;通过在线人类孟德尔遗传(OMIM)数据库、基因卡片(Gene Cards)数据库、基因疾病关联(DisGeNET)数据库和毒性与基因比较(CTD)数据库获取AS的相关靶点并与通脉逐瘀汤作用靶点取交集;基于Cytoscape软件构建通脉逐瘀汤治疗AS的化合物-靶点-疾病网络并进行网络拓扑学分析;通过检索交互基因搜索工具(STRING)数据库构建靶点蛋白质交互作用(PPl)关系网络并进行网络拓扑学分析;利用AutoDock Vina软件进行分子对接模拟;最终利用Bioconductor中的R包Cluster-profile version 3.12.0对交集靶点进行基因本体论(GO)功能富集分析和京都基因与基因组百科全书(KEGG)通路富集分析.结果:共筛选到279种活性成分和586个靶点;分子对接模拟发现,川陈皮素、(+)-儿茶素、黄芩素等活性成分与关键靶点的结合活性较好;GO富集分析结果共有1749个GO条目,其中1627个生物过程条目、30个细胞组分条目和92个分子功能条目;KEGG通路富集分析结果共有94条通路,主要有低氧诱导因子-1 (HIF-1)信号通路、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)信号通路、钙离子信号通路等通路.结论:通脉逐瘀汤可通过多成分、多靶点、多通路参与治疗AS.     

基于网络药理学探讨五苓散治疗心力衰竭作用机制

目的根据网络药理学方法对五苓散治疗心力衰竭(HF)的作用机制进行研究探讨。方法利用中药系统药理学数据库与分析平台(TCMSP)对五苓散进行活性成分及靶点筛选,检索与疾病靶点有关的数据库TTD、Pharmg KB、Dis Ge NET筛选HF的作用靶点,构建韦恩图得到五苓散治疗HF的作用靶点,使用Cytoscape 3.7.1建立成分-靶点-疾病网络,基于DAVID数据库对靶点进行GO功能富集和KEGG通路富集分析。结果基于TCMSP得到五苓散治疗HF的30种活性成分和58个潜在靶点,构建韦恩图得到交集核心靶点26个,GO功能富集分析得到条目163个,其中生物过程条目118个、细胞组成条目15个、分子功能条目30个;KEGG通路富集分析得出条目46个,主要包括细胞凋亡、钙离子信号通路、HIF-1信号通路、PI3K-AKT信号通路等。结论基于网络药理学初步探讨并验证了五苓散治疗HF多成分-多靶点-多通路的整体调节作用特点,预测了五苓散治疗HF的潜在作用机制,以期为其活性成分研究与实验研究提供科学依据。     

基于网络药理学探究黄芪白术药对治疗骨质疏松性骨折的作用机制

目的:基于网络药理学探讨黄芪白术药对治疗骨质疏松性骨折(osteoporotic fracture, OPF)的潜在作用机制。方法:应用中药系统药理学数据库及分析平台(TCMSP)筛选黄芪、白术的活性成分及作用靶点,检索与疾病靶点有关的GeneCards、OMIM、TTD数据库筛选OPF的作用靶点,进而筛选黄芪、白术与OPF的交集核心靶点,并运用Cytoscape 3.7.1软件构建化合物靶点疾病网络,基于DAVID数据库对靶点进行GO功能富集和KEGG通路富集分析。结果:基于TCMSP数据库筛选黄芪白术治疗OPF的活性成分19个和交集靶点115个；GO功能富集分析得到条目568个,其中生物过程条目433个、细胞组成条目43个、分子功能条目92个；KEGG通路富集分析得出条目111个,主要包括糖尿病并发症中的AGE-RAGE、IL-17、TNF、前列腺癌、Toll样受体、HIF-1、NF-κB等信号通路。结论:黄芪白术药对可能通过调控TNF、NF-κB、HIF-1等信号通路,发挥调控炎症反应以及破骨细胞和成骨细胞的内在平衡作用,从而对OPF产生治疗作用。     

基于网络药理学探讨黄芪桂枝五物汤防治糖尿病周围神经病变作用机制

目的 基于网络药理学探讨黄芪桂枝五物汤防治糖尿病周围神经病变（DPN）的作用靶点及分子机制。方法 利用中药系统药理学数据库与分析平台（TCMSP）筛选黄芪桂枝五物汤组方药物的化学成分,运用SwissTargetPrediction数据库预测成分的潜在作用靶点;通过TTD、DisGeNET、GeneCards数据库获得DPN基因靶标。经韦恩分析得到交集靶点;利用STRING 11.0数据库构建蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用网络;运用Cytoscape 3.7.2构建黄芪桂枝五物汤防治DPN的药味-成分-靶点-通路-疾病网络,通过拓扑学分析筛选核心靶点及核心成分,利用DAVID数据库对交集靶点进行GO功能与KEGG通路富集分析,预测黄芪桂枝五物汤防治DPN的作用机制。结果 获得黄芪桂枝五物汤74个有效成分,包括槲皮素、山柰酚、儿茶素等,得到黄芪桂枝五物汤防治DPN靶点108个,有效成分核心靶点主要有AKT1、MAPK8、AKT2等。KEGG通路富集结果表明,黄芪桂枝五物汤主要作用于缺氧诱导因子信号通路、磷脂酰肌醇3激酶-蛋白激酶B(PI3K-Akt)信号通路、糖尿病并发症中晚期糖基化终产物-AGE...     

独活-牛膝药对治疗膝骨关节炎的网络药理学机制及实验验证

【目的】应用网络药理学及分子对接技术探讨独活-牛膝药对治疗膝骨关节炎（KOA）的作用机制，并通过体外实验进行验证。【方法】检索TCMSP、中国药典、BATMAN-TCM数据库获取独活、牛膝的活性成分，筛选去重后应用TCMSP数据库确定作用靶点，运用GeneCards和OMIM数据库筛选KOA相关的靶点。采用Cytoscape构建药物活性成分-KOA-靶点网络模型并进行分析；运用STRING数据库构建蛋白质相互作用（PPI）网络，通过R 4.0.2软件对交集靶点进行基因本体论（GO）分析和京都基因与基因组百科全书（KEGG）通路富集；运用AutoDockTools对前5位的核心靶点进行分子对接。进而通过体外细胞实验验证有效成分槲皮素对核心靶点的调控作用。【结果】通过筛选得到14个有效活性成分、171个活性成分靶点、2 040个KOA靶点和99个交集靶点。GO分析结果显示独活-牛膝药对治疗KOA关键靶点的生物功能主要涉及炎症反应、细胞代谢、调节蛋白激酶及磷酸酶活性等。KEGG通路主要富集到肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）信号通路、白细胞介素17(IL-17)信号通路、癌症通路等。分子对接结果显示独活...     

基于网络药理学和分子对接技术探讨解毒活血汤治疗新型冠状病毒肺炎的潜在作用机制

目的 运用网络药理学方法和分子对接技术探讨解毒活血汤治疗新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)多成分、多靶点、多通路的作用机制。方法 通过中药系统药理学数据库与分析平台(TCMSP)检索解毒活血汤中除生地黄外9味中药的活性成分及靶点,查阅文献筛选生地黄的活性成分,使用GeneCards数据库获取COVID-19的靶点,通过STRING数据库构建蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用(PPI)网络,利用Cytoscape 3.7.2软件构建药物-化合物-靶点网络,通过R软件的ClusterProfiler包对关键靶点进行基因本体(GO)富集分析和京都基因与基因组百科全书(KEGG)通路富集分析,最后对严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2(SARS-CoV-2)3CL水解酶(Mpro)、血管紧张素转化酶Ⅱ(ACE2)及关键靶点与显著化合物进行分子对接。结果 解毒活血汤包含了10味中药、153个化合物和253个靶点,将解毒活血汤主要活性成分调控的靶点与COVID-19的治疗靶点取交集,得到51个潜在靶点,GO功能富集分析得到82个条目(P<0.05),KEGG通路富集分析筛选得到154条信号通路(P <0...     

基于网络药理学和分子对接技术探讨益气活血方治疗糖尿病肾病的作用机制

探讨运用网络药理学与分子对接技术,分析自拟益气活血方治疗糖尿病肾病（DN）的有效成分、潜在靶点和作用机制。方法 通过多个公共数据库获得益气活血方中活性成分的潜在靶点及DN的疾病靶点,并获得交集靶点,对交集靶点进行GO和KEGG分析,蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用（PPI）分析与网络构建;利用Autodock vina软件对重要成分及关键靶点进行分子对接。结果 网络药理学分析获得有效活性成分78个、成分靶点223个、疾病靶点1002个、交集靶点81个、关键靶点15个。富集的 KEGG 通路有胰岛素抵抗、 PI3K-Akt 信号通路等。分子对接结果显示山柰酚、木樨草酸等成分对大部分靶点具有亲和力。结论 益气活血方可能通过调节炎症与细胞自噬、促进ECM蛋白的降解、调节外周组织对胰岛素的敏感性及胰腺β细胞的增殖和凋亡等作用机制达到治疗DN的作用     

基于黄芩汤治疗结直肠癌作用机制的网络药理学和分子对接分析

目的：通过网络药理学和分子对接技术分析黄芩汤治疗结直肠癌（CRC）的潜在作用靶点,阐明其相关分子机制。方法：基于中药系统药理学数据库与分析平台（TCMSP）构建黄芩汤活性成分和作用靶点数据集,通过GeneCards、人类在线孟德尔遗传（OMIM）、药物遗传学和药物基因组学知识库（PharmGKB）等数据库构建CRC疾病相关靶点数据集。利用R软件、Cytoscape软件和STRING数据库构建药物-疾病靶点交集、黄芩汤中药复方调控网络和蛋白-蛋白互作（PPI）网络。利用R软件和Metascape平台进行基因本体论（GO）功能富集分析和京都基因与基因组百科全书（KEGG）信号通路富集分析。采用AutoDock和PyMol软件进行分子对接验证,评估配受体结合情况。结果：筛选黄芩汤有效活性成分136个,黄芩汤治疗CRC的潜在靶点242个,核心靶点18个,基于信号通路分析获得CRC密切相关核心关键靶点5个,分别为蛋白激酶B1 (AKT1)、丝裂原活化蛋白激酶3 (MAPK3)、原癌基因FOS、肿瘤蛋白P53 (TP53)和原癌基因MYC。GO功能富集分析,主要参与多种细胞应激反应的生物过程。KE...     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.