骨膜外钢板内固定治疗四肢骨折

目的分析骨膜外加压钢板治疗四肢骨折的疗效。方法179例四肢骨折不切开骨膜而在骨膜外行钢板内固定,在术后第1天及3、6、9周进行X线片检查。结果术后第3周X线片可见少许模糊骨痂形成141例(78.8％),第6周X线片有明显骨痂164例(91．6％),第9周X线片179例均可见大量骨痂形成,1年后全部骨折愈合且行钢板摘除,无一例骨不连及功能障碍。结论四肢骨折行骨膜外钢板内固定,损伤少,不破坏骨的血运,是促进骨折愈合和预防骨不连的一种较好的方法。     

骨膜外支撑式接骨板治疗四肢骨折(附35例报告)

Danis(1949)倡导应用加压钢板治疗四肢骨折。50年代Bagby(1958)为代表的开始应用高强度的硬质钢板——启动加压型,内固定时,常致使骨折部骨皮质失去血运,表面坏死,需重新爬行替代,新骨形成,临床愈合时间长,坚固性差;应用骨膜外支撑式接骨板做骨折内固定时,具有不完全损害骨折端之血运,且无自身加压钢板之应力遮挡作用,临床愈合迅速,治愈率高。本组应用此方法治疗各类骨折共35例,全部“一期愈合”。     

微创经皮钢板内固定治疗胫骨中下段骨折

胫骨骨折为临床常见损伤,传统AO观点中强调骨折的解剖复位及坚强内固定,有加重折处的软组织损伤破坏骨膜血运之虞,致骨不愈合及切口皮肤感染坏死.     

胫后血管间隙支胫骨内侧骨膜瓣移位术的临床应用

目的 探讨应用带血供9胫后血管肌间隙支）胫骨内侧骨瓣移位术治疗胫骨中下段骨折及骨不连。方法 23例胫骨中下段骨折及骨不连患者均采用切取该骨膜瓣移位于骨折处。结果 23例患者经切开复位固定、该骨膜瓣移位术治疗，术后骨折部血供良好，骨折一期愈合，未发生骨折延迟愈合或骨不连现象。患肢功能恢复满意。结论 由于该骨膜瓣较厚，血运丰富，供体量大，能够较好的促进骨的愈合。特别对于骨延迟愈合、骨不连发生率较高的胫骨中下1／3骨折，具有较好疗效。     

柱桥式限制接触钢板骨膜外固定治疗胫腓骨骨折

目的胫腓骨骨折传统的钢板内固定治疗可损伤骨折端营养动脉,破坏骨膜血液循环,增加感染、延期愈合及骨不连接的危险。为防止这些弊端,我们设计了一种新型钢板———柱桥式限制接触钢板。由于该钢板只有桥柱与骨接触,在钢板与骨面之间留有一间隙,而将其对骨及骨膜的压迫减少到最大限度。方法胫腓骨骨干双骨折１０例,胫骨骨干骨折６例,不作骨膜切开及剥离,采用该钢板骨膜外固定骨折。结果１６例全部骨愈合,无１例骨延期愈合、骨不连接及感染发生。结论柱桥式限制接触钢板治疗胫腓骨骨折是成功的。     

骨折愈合过程中血管生成研究进展

骨折愈合,必须具备良好血运及稳定固定两个基本条件。了解骨折愈合过程中新生血管的生理及病理机制,对促进骨折愈合及骨修复、防治骨折不连接具有重要意义。1　骨折血运病理生理长干骨由6组血管提供血运,即:近端骨骺动脉、近端干骺端动脉、骨干营养动脉、远端骨骺动脉、远端干骺端动脉及骨膜动脉。临近的血管互相分支吻合,防止单一血管丛阻塞而发生骨坏死。绝大多数Haversian管内含单根毛细血管,其与骨髓内的血管窦连接,保证了骨折愈合所需要的营养供给及成骨前体细胞、成软骨细胞及破骨细胞的补充[1 ] 。骨折时骨断端及附近的骨膜和血管受…     

外固定结合内固定治疗肱骨干骨折26例

<正> 肱骨干骨折是人体的最常见骨折,对肱骨干短斜,螺旋或粉碎等不稳定型骨折,单纯外固定难以维持对位,而切开复位钢板内固定由于破坏了骨折处的骨膜及血运易致不愈合。故我院自1998年～2001年12月应用小切口可吸收钉简单内固定加单边多功能外固定器治疗肱骨干不稳定骨折26例,取得较满意疗效。     

带血管胫骨骨膜游离移植治疗骨折不愈合

采用带血管的自体骨膜游离移位治疗骨折不愈合是近几年开展的新方法。一般多选用铭骨、肺骨作为骨膜移植的供区.根据李汉云的胫骨骨膜的应用解剖学研究我科于1986-1989年应爪带血管胫丹骨膜游离移植,配合异体丹板内固定术治疗7例骨折不愈合患者。取得成功.现报告如下.     

血管襻骨膜内组合腓骨同蒂皮瓣移植修复骨与皮肤缺损

目的 探讨下肢粗骨长段缺损与皮肤缺损同时修复的可行方法。方法 将腓血管制成1个或2个血管襻，该血管襻携带皮瓣，再将多段腓骨于骨膜内组合在一起，使成为一个骨膜包裹的粗骨修复骨与皮肤缺损。有丰富血运的骨膜，其骨膜下新生骨活跃，该新生骨充填骨膜内与腓骨段问隙、包绕腓骨，使移植腓骨增粗。结果 临床应用30例，所携带的皮瓣血运良好，伤口一期愈合。1年后骨折愈合，2年后移植骨增粗，能负重行走，移植骨无骨折。供腓骨侧踝关节稳定，伸屈范围正常，功能恢复正常。结论 血管襻骨膜内组合腓骨同蒂皮瓣移植是修复粗骨与皮肤缺损的一种可行方法。     

血管襻骨膜内组合腓骨同蒂皮瓣移植修复骨与皮肤缺损

目的 探讨下肢粗骨长段缺损与皮肤缺损同时修复的可行方法。方法 将腓血管制成1个或2个血管襻，该血管襻携带皮瓣，再将多段腓骨于骨膜内组合在一起，他成为一个骨膜包裹的粗骨修复骨与皮肤缺损。有丰富血运的骨膜，其骨膜下新生骨活跃，该新生骨充填骨膜内与腓骨段间隙、包绕腓骨，使移植腓骨增粗。结果 临床应用5例，所携带的皮瓣血运良好，伤口一期愈合。1年后骨折愈合，2年后移植骨增粗，能负重行走，移植骨无骨折。供腓骨侧踝关节稳定．伸屈范围正常，功能恢复正常，结论 血管襻骨膜内组合腓骨同蒂皮瓣移植是修复粗骨与皮肤缺损的一种可行方法。     

加压钢板治疗股骨干骨折30例失败原因分析

自1990年1996年,我们共收治股骨干骨折加压钢板螺钉固定失败30例,我们认为失败原因:1、操作技术失误;2、过早负重及意外摔伤;3、对粉碎折或骨缺损者未进行一期植骨。作者强调正确操作解剖复位,坚强内固定,一期植骨及正确功能锻炼是预防加压钢板失败的重要措施。     

钛镍形状记忆合金环抱接骨板治疗四肢管状粉碎性骨折

目的 探讨钛镍形状记忆合金(TiNiSMA)环抱接骨板治疗四肢管状骨粉碎性骨折的临床也用价值。方法 对按AO分型的BI～C3型37例四肢管状骨骨折患者行切开复位，TiNiSMA环抱接骨板(部分加骨卡环)内固定。结果 术后随访10～31个月(平均15个月)，骨折均愈合良好，无内固定松脱及折断。结论 TiNiSMA环抱接骨板(部分加卡环)治疗四肢管状骨粉碎性骨折疗效满意，固定可靠；部分C3型骨折注意选择性使用，对中老年患者术后不必二次取出者更适用。     

Spontaneous correction of angular fracture deformity in the rat

BACKGROUND: The different parts of long bone are known to participate in the spontaneous correction of fracture deformity. However, the relative contribution of growth plate, epiphysis and diaphysis of bone during the correction process is not clear. ANIMALS AND METHODS: We used a rat model of tibial fracture fixed with a semi-rigid intramedullary pin in anterior angulation, and evaluated the magnitude, temporal course and pertinent sites of spontaneous deformity correction by means of radiography and bone mineral uptake. RESULTS: Over a 12-week period, the mean angular deformity was corrected from 27 degrees to 11 degrees. The major portion of the correction (14 degrees of 16 degrees) occurred within 3 weeks, concomitantly with fracture healing. The angle of the proximal growth plate changed 8 degrees over the study period. The first 3 weeks were characterized by intense bone formation on the concave side of the fracture. From weeks 3-8, signs of resorption predominated on the corresponding convex side. On the concave side, the front of new bone formation in the proximal diaphysis moved in the opposite direction to that at the fracture level, so that both sites contributed to deformity correction. INTERPRETATION: We found that different sites of a diaphyseal bone fractured in angulation respond quite differently, but still in an orchestrated way to promote correction by modeling. Notably, most of the spontaneous correction occurred during the reparative phase, the major contributor being the diaphysis, not the growth plate. Compared to other reports on angulated fracture using rigid fixation and limb immobilization, our data suggest that semi-rigid fixation and early weight bearing is more efficient in enhancing not only healing, but also deformity correction.     

柱状植骨结合微型钛板内固定治疗严重粉碎性掌骨骨折

目的：探讨柱状植骨结合微型钛板治疗严重粉碎性掌骨骨折的可行性及临床疗效。方法对7例严重粉碎性掌骨骨折行柱状植骨结合微型钛板内固定治疗。结果所有病例随访18个月,骨折均获愈合,达到解剖复位,植骨块塑形良好。结论柱状植骨结合微型钛板内固定治疗严重粉碎性掌骨骨折临床疗效满意,骨折可获得良好复位及内固定,促进骨折早期愈合,利于手部功能恢复,值得临床推广。     

Role of locking plates in treatment of difficult ununited fractures: a clinical study

Objective:To present our experience in treatment of difficult ununited long bone fractures with locking plate.Methods:Retrospective evaluation of locking plate fixation in 10 difficult nonunions of lon...     

Internal fixation with a self-compressing plate and lag screw: improvements of the plate hole and screw design. 2. In vivo investigations

A mechanically improved design of bone plate and screw was compared in vivo with conventional plate fixation. This method was investigated biologically in a standardized osteotomy model on sheep tibiae. It was found that maintenance of reduction of an osteotomy was facilitated and there was no adverse effect of this fracture fixation system on bone remodeling. The modified implant permits the reduced surgical approach to the bone through one plane and optimal fixation of the fracture or osteotomy.     

股骨干骨折术后内固定失效原因分析

目的探讨股骨干骨折术后内固定失效的原因,以利于更好地指导临床治疗。方法股骨干骨折内固定失效后均出现骨不连,其中肥大型骨不连12例,萎缩型骨不连4例,感染性骨不连2例。1例取出内固定,选择单髋石膏外固定;2例感染性骨不连采用AO外固定架固定;15例更换髓内钉固定。结果本组手术时间60~160 min,平均90 min;术中输红细胞400~600 ml,平均440 ml。18例均获得随访14~26个月,平均18个月。末次随访时采用膝关节功能HSS评分评定疗效：优10例,良6例,可1例,差1例。疗效差的1例因反复感染,骨折仍未愈合。结论股骨干骨折术后内固定失效的原因：1内固定选择失误或钢板未放置张力侧;2骨折合并骨缺损,未一期植骨;3骨折部位血液循环损伤严重导致骨折愈合时间延长,进而内固定疲劳失效;4术后早期负重或不恰当的功能锻炼。     

内侧柱植骨结合PHILOS钢板治疗老年肱骨近端内收型骨折

目的探讨内侧柱植骨结合PHILOS钢板内固定治疗老年肱骨近端内收型骨折的疗效。方法回顾性分析26例老年肱骨近端内收型骨折患者的临床资料,按是否植骨将患者分为植骨组(14例,采用内侧柱植骨结合PHILOS钢板内固定治疗)与未植骨组(12例,单纯使用PHILOS钢板内固定治疗)。比较两组手术时间、骨折愈合时间、肩关节功能活动度以及颈干角丢失角度等指标。结果患者均获得随访,时间12~23个月。手术时间两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);骨折愈合时间、术后12个月肩关节活动度(前屈上举)以及颈干角丢失角度植骨组均优于未植骨组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论相较于不植骨,内侧柱植骨结合PHILOS钢板治疗老年肱骨近端内收型骨折可取得更满意的临床疗效。     

An experimental study on the effects of the plating method for bone fractures--with reference to bone union and bone strength (author's transl)

The plating method for bone fractures is in wide use. The author studied both new bone formation and bone atrophy of the cortex of fracture site after long periods of plating. This study is concerned with the bone strength of the fracture site as influenced by rigid plate fixation, and also with bone union after the removal of the plate. The experimental results, using mature rabbits as subjects, showed the following: X-rays of the bone union at the fracture site treated by the plating method confirmed evident union at 8 weeks after surgery. The bone strength at the region of this union, as tested by the bending method (an Instron Type Testing Machine was used), showed its highest values at 28 weeks after surgery. Yet, this was only 60% of the bone strength as measured at a non-fracture site; it then gradually declined in strength. On the other hand, in the case where the plate had been removed 8 weeks after surgery, bone strength was recovered to the same level as that of non-fracture sites 16 weeks after surgery. In conclusion, rigid plate fixation for a long period may result not only in progressive bone atrophy of the cortex but also in a delayed remodeling of the bone at the region of the bone union. It is, therefore, very important to remove the plate as early as possible once union has been achieved. Careful observation, however, is necessary during the short time between plate removal and the period when bone strength becomes again normal.     

下颈椎粉碎性骨折伴脊髓损伤的手术治疗

目的：探讨前路椎体次全切除和钢板系统固定在治疗下颈椎粉碎性骨折中的应用；方法：对16例下颈椎粉碎性骨折伴脊髓损伤的病人，先行颈椎牵引、药物治疗，于伤后1周行颈前路椎体次全切除植骨融合和钢板内固定术；结果：随访6—42个月，16例植骨均骨性愈合，ALIA脊髓损伤的分级恢复1—3级，无术后加重和因手术所致并发症；结论：颈前路椎体次全切除植骨融合和钢板内固定具有如下优点：颈前路椎体次全切除具有减压充分、可探查脊髓前方压迫情况；钢板内固定可获得即刻稳定，便于护理和功能锻炼；取髂骨作植骨融合的融合率高和获得长期稳定；是治疗下颈椎粉碎性骨折安全有效的治疗方法。