保留肋间臂神经在乳腺癌手术中的应用

目的:探讨乳腺癌腋窝淋巴结清扫术保留肋间臂神经的价值。方法:对96例Ⅰ～Ⅲ期乳腺癌施行腋淋巴结清扫术,其中完整保留肋间臂神经78例,切除肋间臂神经18例,术后进行观察随访。结果:保留肋间臂神经78例,术后患侧上臂内侧及腋部皮肤感觉正常65例(83%),感觉异常13例(17%);切除肋间臂神经的18例均有感觉异常。结论:乳腺癌腋窝淋巴结清扫术保留肋间臂神经,可以明显减少术后患侧上肢感觉障碍,明显提高生活质量。     

乳腺癌腔镜腋窝淋巴结清扫术保留肋间臂神经的临床研究

目的:探讨乳腺癌腔镜腋窝淋巴结清扫术(EALND)中保留肋间臂神经(ICBN)的方法及意义.方法:收集2010年4月-2012年9月98例行EALND的Ⅰ,Ⅱ期乳腺癌患者临床资料,将其中52例保留ICBN患者资料(保留组)与早期46例未保留ICBN患者资料(未保留组)进行对照分析.结果:保留组术后上臂皮肤感觉异常(麻木和/或疼痛)发生率为7.69％ (4/52),未保留组为82.61％ (38/46),两组差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).未保留ICBN组中38例上臂皮肤感觉异常症状持续1年以上,保留组4例症状较未保留组轻微,其中3例3个月内症状完全缓解,1例6个月内症状完全缓解.结论:充分吸脂是乳腺癌EALND保留ICBN的关键,保留ICBN能够减少术后患侧上肢麻木和/或疼痛的发生,提高患者生活质量.     

保留肋间臂神经在乳腺癌腋窝淋巴结清扫中的应用

目的:探讨乳腺癌保留乳房根治手术中腋窝淋巴结清扫时保留肋间臂神经的临床意义.方法:对48例乳腺癌患者的手术过程中,保留肋间臂神经患者32例,未保留16例,观察两组术后胸大小肌萎缩和患侧腋窝、上臂内侧的感觉异常情况.结果:保留组上臂后内侧及腋部皮肤麻木与疼痛感发生率明显低于未保留组(P<0.05),两组手术时间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论:在I期、部分lI a期乳腺癌患者保乳手术中,行腋淋巴结清扫术中保留肋间臂神经可行,且能改善患者术后的感觉障碍,提高生活质量.     

保留肋间臂神经乳腺癌腋窝清扫术85例

目的：探讨乳腺癌腋窝清扫术保留肋间臂神经的临床意义。方法：在85例乳腺癌腋窝清扫术中，采用腋静脉下方途径保留肋间臂神经，术后观察其效果。结果：84例保留肋间臂神经成功，1例不慎切断。术后上臂内侧感觉异常发生率为4．7％(4／85)，2周后症状消失。随访均未发现局部复发。结论：乳腺癌腋窝清扫术中保留肋间臂神经，可明显减少上臂内侧感觉障碍的发生率，有利于提高患术后生活质量。     

乳腺癌保留肋间臂神经的临床价值

目的:探讨保留肋间臂神经在乳腺癌腋淋巴结清扫术中的可行性及临床应用价值.方法:在63例Ⅰ、Ⅱ期乳腺癌的腋淋巴结清扫术中施行保留肋间臂神经,其中完整保留肋间臂神经29例,切除肋间臂神经34例.结果:保留肋间臂神经29例中,术后患侧上臂内侧及腋部皮肤感觉正常28例(96.55%),感觉异常1例(3.45%); 切除肋间臂神经的34例均有感觉异常.随访0.5～5年,63 例均未见局部复发.结论:在Ⅰ、Ⅱ期乳腺癌腋淋巴结清扫术中,保留肋间臂神经是可行的,它保存了患侧上臂内侧及腋部皮肤的感觉功能,有利于改善病人术后的生活质量.     

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目的 探讨保留肋间臂神经在乳腺癌腋淋巴结清扫术中的可行性及临床应用价值。方法 1998～2002年在98例Ⅰ、Ⅱ期乳腺癌的腋淋巴结清扫术中施行保留肋间臂神经，其中完整保留肋间臂神经66例，切除肋间臂神经32例。术后对病人进行观察并随访。结果 保留肋间臂神经66例中术后患侧上臂内侧及腋部皮肤感觉正常62例(93．9％)，感觉异常4例(6．1％)；而切除肋间臂神经的32例病人均有感觉异常。随访1～5年，98例均未见局部复发。结论 在Ⅰ、Ⅱ期乳腺癌腋淋巴结清扫术中保留肋间臂神经是可行的，它保存了患侧上臂内侧及腋部皮肤的感觉功能，有利于改善病人术后的生活质量．具有一定的临床应用价值。     

乳腺癌根治术保留肋间臂神经临床价值分析

目的 探讨乳腺癌手术腋窝淋巴结清扫时保留肋间臂神经（ICBN）的临床意义。 方法 甘肃省定西市人民医院2002年1月至2006年1月对122例Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲa期乳腺癌病人行手术治疗。将其随机分为两组：治疗组（56例）行腋窝清扫术时保留ICBN,对照组（66例）行腋窝清扫术时常规切除ICBN,两组病人术后均按乳腺癌治疗,进行严密随访观察。 结果 治疗组及对照组术后1个月上臂内侧感觉障碍发生率分别为7.14%、56.06%（P＜0.01）,差异有统计学意义,经1～5年随访均无局部复发。 结论 对于Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲa期乳腺癌病人行腋窝淋巴结清扫术时,保留ICBN可明显减少病人术后患侧上臂内侧感觉障碍,提高生活质量。     

乳腺癌手术保留肋间臂神经的临床价值

目的探讨乳腺癌腋窝淋巴结清扫术保留肋间臂神经的价值.方法选择Ⅰ、Ⅱ期乳腺癌患者,随机分为2组,实验组45例保留肋间臂神经,对照组60例常规手术而切除肋间臂神经,术后对2组患者进行观察并随访.结果实验组术后发生上肢感觉障碍7.1%,而对照组高达63.3%,2者比较差异有显著性意义(χ2=34.69,P＜0.01);且经随访2组均未发现局部复发.结论对于Ⅰ、Ⅱ期乳腺癌行腋窝淋巴结清扫时保留肋间臂神经可以明显减少术后患侧上肢感觉障碍的发生率.     

腔镜乳腺癌改良根治术保留肋间臂神经的临床观察

目的：比较乳腺癌腔镜腋窝淋巴清扫与传统开放腋窝淋巴清扫在保留肋间臂神经（ICBN）方面的效果。 方法：选择拟行乳腺癌改良根治术,术中ICBN的乳腺癌I,II期患者46例,分为腔镜手术组（21例）和传统手术组（25例）。比较两组手术时间,术中出血量及术后并发症,术后对两组患者上臂内侧及腋窝感觉功能进行随访观察。 结果：腔镜组与传统组手术成功保留ICBN分别为20例（20/21）和23例（23/25）,两组成功率比较,差异无统计学意义（P=0.658）;与传统组比较,腔镜组腋窝清扫时间较长,而腋窝清扫出血量与术后并发症减少（P<0.001,P=0.029）;全组随访2~20个月,平均16个月,均未见复发,保留ICBN者,均无上臂及腋窝主观异样感觉症状。 结论：腔镜清扫腋窝淋巴结时,保留ICBN是可行的,并在减少出血量和术后并发症方面具有一定的优势。     

保留肋间臂神经在乳腺癌腋窝淋巴结清扫术中的临床价值

目的探讨保留肋间臂神经在乳腺癌腋窝淋巴结清扫术中的临床价值。方法选择Ⅰ、Ⅱ期乳腺瘤患者舳例,随机分为两组,实验组50例,在腋窝淋巴结清扫时完整保留肋间臂神经;对照组30例,采用常规方法切除不保留肋间臂神经。术后对两组患者进行随访,观察患侧腋窝及上臂感觉情况并作比较。结果术后3d、1个月、3个月及6个月实验组患侧腋窝及上臂感觉障碍发生率均小于对照组,且差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论在Ⅰ、Ⅱ期乳腺癌腋窝淋巴结清扫术中保留肋间臂神经,能够有效地防止患侧腋窝及上臂皮肤感觉障碍,改善患者生活质量,具有较高的临床价值。     

乳腺癌腑清扫术中保留肋间臂神经的方法和意义

目的：探讨肋间臂神经（ｉｎｔｅｒｃｏｓｔｏｂｒａｃｈｉａｌ ｎｅｒｖｅ, ＩＣＢＮ）的临床解剖及保留方法。方法：在２０４例乳腺癌腋清扫术中保留ＩＣＢＮ,其中经起始部途径、经腋静脉下方途径和经背阔肌途径解剖和保留ＩＣＢＮ分别为１５９例、２８例和１７例。结果：ＩＣＢＮ可分为五型,其中缺如型１例,单干型６２例,单干分支型８２例,Ⅱ干型４６例和Ⅲ干型１３例。３３例切除ＩＣＢＮ,８６例完整保留ＩＣＢＮ,８５例保留ＩＣＢＮ上支或上干,总保留率８３．８２％。随访３～４６个月后,切除ＩＣＢＮ者均有上臂内侧和腋部皮肤麻木,其中１０例有持续疼痛;而１７１例保留ＩＣＢＮ者中仅１３例产生麻木,３例疼痛。结论：保留ＩＣＢＮ可避免乳癌术后上臂内侧及腋部麻木与疼痛。乳癌腋清扫术中保留ＩＣＢＮ是必要和可行的。     

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??Clinical value of preserving intercostobrachial nerve during breast cancer operations ZHI Zhen, LIU Xiao-min, SUN Li-guo, et al. Department of Oncology , Dingxi People’s Hospital of Gansu Province, Dingxi 743000, China Corresponding author??ZHI Zhen??E-mail??dxzhi.zhen@163.com Abstract Objective To study the value of preserving intercostobrachial nerve (ICBN) during axillary lymph node dissection for breast cancer. Methods From January 2002 to January 2006, 122 cases of breast cancer of stage??, ?? and ??a were operated at Dingxi People’s Hospital. All the cases were divided into two groups randomly: treatment group??n=56) preserved ICBN in axillary lymph node dissection operation; control group ??n=66??resected ICBN regularly in the operations. Both of two groups were treated as breast cancer and examined after the operations. Results In one month after operation, the incidence of abnormal sense on the skin of medial upper arm was 7.14% in treatment group, which was lower than that ??56.06%?? in control group significantly??P??0.01??. The difference between the two groups was significant. No local recurrence was occurred in five years. Conclusion Preserving ICBN in axillary lymph node dissection for breast cancer of stage??, ?? and ??a can decrease the incidence of abnormal sense on the skin of medial upper arm. It can improve the life quality of the patients after operations.     

保留肋间臂神经在乳腺癌术中的应用

目的: 探讨乳腺癌改良根治术中保留肋间臂神经的作用。方法:选择100例Ⅰ，Ⅱ期乳腺癌患者术中保留肋间臂神经，术后进行观察并随访。结果:91例术后无上肢感觉异常，9例出现上臂内侧感觉异常。结论:保留肋间臂神经可以明显减少术后患侧上肢感觉异常的发生率，提高术后的生活质量。     

Morbidity associated with axillary surgery for breast cancer

AIM: To determine the prevalence of long-term complications of axillary surgery for breast cancer and whether preservation of the intercostobrachial nerve (ICBN) reduces this morbidity. METHODS: A self-administered questionnaire was mailed to all patients who had undergone breast cancer and axillary surgery 2.5-6 years previously. The questions addressed symptoms of arm pain, numbness, weakness, stiffness and swelling. The operation notes were reviewed to ascertain the type and extent of surgery and whether the ICBN was preserved or sacrificed. RESULTS: One hundred and seventy of 208 (82%) questionnaires were returned completed. At least one symptom was reported by 130 (76.5%) of patients. Numbness was the most common symptom, present in 60% overall. Patients who had had the ICBN preserved reported significantly less numbness (37.5%vs 71.7% (P < 0.001)). Pain was present in 45.3% of patients and those with the ICBN preserved had significantly less pain (31.3%vs 58.5% (P = 0.02)). Weakness was present in 40%. Swelling was reported in 26.4% and stiffness in 12.2%. CONCLUSION: Axillary lymph node dissection for breast cancer has a high long-term morbidity. Preservation of the ICBN during the axillary procedure significantly reduces this morbidity.     

Complete endoscopic axillary lymph node dissection without liposuction for breast cancer: initial experience and mid-term outcome

AIM: To present our initial experience with complete endoscopic axillary lymph node dissection (EALND) in 4 breast cancer patients with respect to feasibility, safety, and clinical outcome. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between January 2003 and March 2004, 4 women consented to be treated with lumpectomy followed by complete (level I, II, and III) EALND without liposuction, at the Laparoendoscopic Unit of Athens Medical School. All 4 patients presented with a solitary breast cancer lesion smaller than 2 cm in diameter and a negative clinical and sonographic lymph node status (<1 cm). RESULTS: All the operations were completed endoscopically in less than 70 minutes (44 to 69 min). The axillary lymph node harvest ranged between 12 and 21 nodes. No lymphedema, motor nerve damage, seroma formation, or wound complications were observed. Prolonged hospitalization, owing to persistent lymphorrhoea was required for 1 patient. During a mean follow-up of 21.3 months, 2 patients reported mild hypoesthesia-paresthesia along the upper medial part of the respective arm, whereas no tumor recurrences were documented. CONCLUSIONS: Although partial EALND has not been established as the treatment of choice for axillary management, complete EALND seems to be a feasible and effective minimally invasive treatment modality, which could be safely applied in patients with positive sentinel node biopsy, treated in specialized centers.     

保留肋间臂神经和胸前神经在乳腺癌改良根治腋窝淋巴结清扫术中的应用

目的：探讨保留肋间臂神经和胸前神经在乳腺癌改良根治腋窝淋巴结清扫术中的应用。方法回顾性分析84例乳腺癌改良根治术患者的临床资料,其中腋窝淋巴结清扫时保留肋间臂神经和胸前神经的41例,另切除该组神经的43例;比较两组的手术时间、术中出血量、腋窝淋巴结清扫数目、上臂内侧、腋部及胸壁皮肤感觉异常及胸大肌萎缩情况。结果两组手术时间、术中出血量及清扫腋窝淋巴结数目分别为[（104．7±10．3）min vs （97．0±7．2）min]、[（100．8±15．2）ml vs （97．1±9．3）ml]、[（18．6±2．6）枚 vs （19．3±2．3）枚],组间差异均无统计学意义（P＞0．05）;随访6个月感觉异常及胸大肌萎缩的发生率分别为14．6％ vs 62．8％、17．1％ vs 74．4％,两组相比保留神经组的发生率均显著低于未保留神经组（P＜0．01）。结论在乳腺癌改良根治腋窝淋巴结清扫术中保留肋间臂神经和胸前神经是安全可行的,可有效防止皮肤感觉障碍及胸大肌萎缩。     

乳腺癌改良根治术中保留肋间臂神经的临床意义

目的探讨乳腺癌改良根治术中保留肋间臂神经（ICBN）的可行性及临床意义。方法分析105例Ⅰ、Ⅱ期乳腺癌患者,分为2组：实验组56例,行乳腺癌改良根治术时保留ICBN,对照组49例,行常规乳腺癌改良根治术,术中不保留ICBN,随访观察术后患者腋窝、上臂内侧感觉功能。结果实验组患者上臂感觉障碍发生率10.7%,而对照组为69%,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）,全部病例随访3 a无局部复发。结论Ⅰ、Ⅱ期乳腺癌行改良根治术时保留ICBN可明显减少术后患侧腋窝上臂内侧感觉障碍和疼痛,提高生活质量,而且不增加复发风险。