改良Epley复位法治疗良性阵发性位置性眩晕132例体会

目的观察改良Epley复位法治疗良性阵发性位置性眩晕（BPPV）的疗效。方法 132例后半规管BPPV患者均采用改良Epley复位法治疗。结果治疗后痊愈96例（72.7%）,改善20例（15.2%）,无效16例（12.1%）,复位有效率达87.9%,其疗效与Semont管石解脱法相当。结论改良Epley复位法治疗良性阵发性位置性眩晕疗效显著。     

Epley复位法治疗后半规管良性发作性位置性眩晕的效果

良性发作性位置性眩晕(BPPV)是神经内科常见的疾病,年发病率约64/10万,其中80%-90%为后半规管BPPV(PCBPPV),药物治疗效果较差.2008年6月-2009年10月我科对53例PC-BPPV患者进行Epley复位法治疗,现报告如下.     

良性阵发性位置性眩晕的耳石复位治疗

目的探讨良性阵发性位置性眩晕(BPPV)耳石复位法的疗效。方法应用Epley手法、Barbecue翻滚法和Semont手法对12例BPPV患者进行治疗。结果12例患者经上述手法复位治疗48h后眩晕症状均完全消失,无明显不良反应,分别随访3～11个月无再发。结论耳石复位法治疗BPPV有效、简便、安全,可作为BPPV的首选治疗方法。     

手法复位联合乳突叩击治疗良性位置性眩晕的临床研究

目的探讨手法复位联合乳突叩击治疗良性阵发性位置性眩晕(BPPV)的有效性及安全性。方法回顾分析了2010年1月～2012年3月间我院治疗的BPPV患者62例,分别采用Epley管石复位法、Barbecue翻滚疗法治疗,复位过程中均联合乳突叩击。结果 54例PC-BPPV使用Epley手法复位治疗,治愈49例(90.7%),有效3例(5.6%),无效2例(2.7%);6例HC-BPPV使用Barbecue翻滚复位治疗,治愈5例(83.3%),有效例1(16.7%)。C-BPPV2例,采用联合手法复位,治愈率100%。总有效率96.8%。结论手法复位联合乳突叩击治疗BPPV疗效确切,安全经济有效。     

184例良性发作性位置性眩晕的耳石定位与手法复位治疗的临床分析

目的观察不同半规管所致良性发作性位置性眩晕(BPPV)发生率,及不同复位手法治疗的疗效,探讨其最佳治疗方法。方法回顾性分析2011年1月²012年6月间在我院住院的184例BPPV患者的临床资料,对不同复位手法(Epley法、Barbecue翻滚法、Semont摆动法)的疗效进行比较。结果 184例患者中单半规管受累141例(76.63%),复位有效136例(96.45%);多半规管受累43例(23.37%),复位有效37例(86.04%)。总有效率94.02%。Epley手法复位有效率92.76%、Barbecue翻滚法复位有效率85.93%、Semont摆动法复位有效率95.35%。复发率3.26%,复位>2次103例。结论 BPPV患者中单半规管受累最常见;手法复位是BPPV的最有效的治疗方法。而半规管定位及复位手法的选择是影响疗效的主要因素。     

耳石复位法治疗良性阵发性位置性眩晕42例临床分析

目的 探讨耳石复位法治疗良性阵发性位置性眩晕(BPPV)的效果.方法 应用 Epley管石复位法、 Semont管石解脱法、Barbecue翻滚法治疗良性阵发性位置性眩晕42例.结果 42 例中经耳石复位法治愈36例(85.7%),有效4例(9.5%),复位失败2例(4.8%).失败的2例经前庭功能训练治愈.结论 耳石复位法是BPPV的首选治疗方法,对于复位失败的患者可试行前庭功能训练.     

耳石复位法治疗良性阵发性位置性眩晕

目的 探讨良性阵发性位置性眩晕(BPPV)耳石复位法的疗效.方法 应用Epley手法、Barbecue翻滚法和Semont手法对110例BPPV患者进行治疗.结果 110例患者经上述手法复位治疗后眩晕症状均完全消失或改善,治愈率94.5% ,总有效率100%,无明显不良反应.结论 手法复位治疗BPPV患者是一种非常有效的方法,它能有效的缩短病程,减轻患者痛苦,其方法简单、易行且费用低,可以在临床广泛使用.     

混合性良性阵发性位置性眩晕的诊治体会

目的探讨混合性良性阵发性位置性眩晕的诊治。方法联合应用Epley手法和Barbecue翻滚法对6例患者进行诊治,2次治疗间隔1d。结果 6例患者经1～7次治疗后症状均消失。结论混合性BPPV根据典型临床表现及体位试验可明确诊断,联合应用Epley手法和Barbecue翻滚法安全、有效。     

变位试验结合手法复位诊治良性发作性位置性眩晕

目的:探讨变位试验诊断良性发作性位置性眩晕(BPPV)及耳石手法复位的疗效。方法:回顾性分析50例BPPV患者的资料,对所有患者进行全面病史采集,行变位试验(Roll试验和Dix-hallpike试验)判定BPPV的类型及侧别,对后半规管BPPV(PC-BPPV)患者采用Epley手法复位,对水平半规管BPPV(HC-BPPV)管石症患者采用Barbecue翻滚法复位,对水平半规管嵴顶结石症患者采用Gufoni疗法、Casani解脱法和Barbecue翻滚法复位。结果:随访3周时治愈42例(84%),有效49例(98%),无效1例(2%),且无明显不良反应。结论:根据典型病史及变位试验可判断BPPV的类型及侧别。手法复位治疗BPPV效果显著、简便、安全,适于临床推广。     

手法复位治疗良性位置性眩晕疗效观察

正良性位置性眩晕(BPPV)是一种常见的外周前庭疾病,其特点为发作时间短暂,一般不超过1 min,多在坐起、躺下或转头等改变体位时出现头晕、视物旋转或视物晃动等症状。我科近两年采用Epley法和滚转法治疗BPPV,较以往药物治疗起效更快、效果更好,现总结如下。     

Denervation study of synapses of organ of corti of old world monkeys

Fine structural characteristics of synapses in the spiral organ of Corti were examined, with reference to differences between inner and outer haircell systems, and to location of neurons of origin of efferent axons. Surgical interruption of crossed olivocochlear bundle, of vestibular nerve, of facial nerve, and excision of superior cervical ganglia were used to determine the pathways of efferent axons. Interruption of the vestibular nerve near the brainstem results in degeneration of all efferent terminals on outer hair cells. Mid-line lesions at, and caudal to, the facial colliculus result in degeneration of about half of these efferent terminals. Efferent synaptic bulbs to the inner hair-cell system are small, of the order of one micron, and form type 2 junctions with afferent dendrites. They tend to have more large dense-core vesicles (about 80 nm) than the large efferent terminals of the outer hair-cell system, and appear to be the terminals of axons in the habenula perforata, which exhibit varicosities laden with large dense core vesicles. The varicosities are unaffected by excision of the superior cervical ganglia. So far as our material can reveal, it appears that the varicosities in the habenula perforata do not survive vestibular root interruption, nor do the efferent processes in the internal spiral bundle or at the base of inner hair cells. Most interestingly, the afferent processes of the inner hair-cell system, as identified for example by their relation to pre-synaptic bodies in the inner hair cells, are subject to a trans-synaptic reaction after severance of the vestibular root. They undergo a dramatic cytological transformation, characterized by increase of volume, engorgement with microtubules, microfilaments, microvesicles of various sizes, and clusters of lysosomes. Thus, both the efferent and afferent terminals of the inner hair-cell system show marked cytological differences from the corresponding terminals of the outer hair cell system.     

Mechanism of action of tubocurarine on nicotinic cholinoreceptors of neurons of the sympathetic ganglia of rats

Tubocurarine (Tc) effect on membrane currents elicited by acetylcholine (ACh) was studied in isolated superior cervical ganglion neurons of rat using patch-clamp method in the whole-cell recording mode. The "use-dependent" block of ACh current by Tc was revealed in the experiments with ACh applications, indicating that Tc blocked the channels opened by ACh. Mean lifetime of Tc-open channel complex, tau, was found to be 9.8 +/- 0.5 s (n = 7) at -50 mV and 20-24 degrees C. tau exponentially increased with membrane hyperpolarization (e-fold change in tau corresponded to the membrane potential shift by 61 mV). Inhibition of the ACh-induced current by Tc (3-30 microM/1) was completely abolished by membrane depolarization to the level of 80-100 mV. Inhibition of ACh-induced current was augmented at increased ACh doses. It is concluded that the open channel block produced by Tc is likely to be the only mechanism for Tc action on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in superior cervical ganglion neurons of rat.     

The effect of age of onset of PD on risk of dementia

Background Dementia occurs in the majority of patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Late onset of PD has been reported to be associated with a higher risk for dementia. However, age at onset (AAO) and age at baseline assessment are often correlated. The aim of this study was to explore whether AAO of PD symptoms is a risk factor for dementia independent of the general effect of age. Methods Two community-based studies of PD in New York (n = 281) and Rogaland county, Norway (n = 227) and two population-based groups of healthy elderly from New York (n = 180) and Odense, Denmark (n = 2414) were followed prospectively for 3–4 years and assessed for dementia according to DSM-IIIR. All PD and control cases underwent neurological examination and were followed with neurological and neuropsychological assessments. We used Cox proportional hazards regression based on three different time scales to explore the effect of AAO of PD on risk of dementia, adjusting for age at baseline and other demographic and clinical variables. Findings In both PD groups and in the pooled analyses, there was a significant effect of age at baseline assessment on the time to develop dementia, but there was no effect of AAO independent of age itself. Consistent with these results, there was no increased relative effect of age on the time to develop dementia in PD cases compared with controls. Interpretation This study shows that it is the general effect of age, rather than AAO that is associated with incident dementia in subjects with PD. Received in revised form: 22 December 2005     

Limits of deinstitutionalization--perspectives of relatives of psychiatric patients

After a hopeful beginning, the social process of the reintegration of those with severe mental illness has come to a standstill. I am led to wonder whether "the community" really wants to live together with people suffering from severe mental illness, and if so, how closely? As long as the medical treatment of mental illness provided by the general practitioners is fundamentally deficient, as they are not able to prescribe the necessary interventions--such as out-patient psychiatric nursing, and service providers in the out-patient sector are content with offering increasingly intensive forms of care for the less seriously ill at the cost of the Social Welfare System--the reintegration of those with serious mental illness remains an illusion--which is mainly to the benefit of providers of residential care in homes and hostels.