营养性缺铁性贫血住院患儿106例发病危险因素分析

目的 分析营养性缺铁性贫血患儿发病的危险因素.方法 回顾性分析106例营养性缺铁性贫血住院患儿的临床资料.结果 106例患儿中轻度贫血占55.7％（59/106）,中度贫血占37.7％（40/106）,重度贫血占6.6％（7/106）.单因素分析结果显示年龄、是否接受育儿指导、患儿居住地、喂养方式、母亲受教育程度、早产/多胎（包括双胎）、就诊原因为营养性缺铁性贫血患儿贫血程度的危险因素（P＜ 0.01或＜0.05）.多因素分析结果显示年龄＜1岁（OR=6.721,95％ CI：1.892～24.365）、母亲受教育程度高中以下（OR=1.537,95％ CI：0.471～7.263）、早产/多胎（包括双胎）（OR=5.671,95％CI：1.217～37.816）、消化道感染（OR=1.978,95％ CI：0.367～29.645）、消化道出血（牛奶过敏）（OR=4.629,95％ CI：1.276～31.679）为营养性缺铁性贫血患儿贫血程度的独立危险因素.结论 营养性缺铁性贫血发病年龄以婴幼儿多见,多因喂养方式不合理,早产、多胎及合并诱发疾病的贫血出现早且程度重,针对高危人群及危险因素的预防和干预有重要意义.     

缺铁性贫血患儿饮食护理

营养性缺铁性贫血是我国儿童常见的营养缺乏之一。然而在补铁治疗时,往往出现一些副作用。因此作者在护理患儿的过程中,配合医生治疗缺铁性贫血,主要要做好如下工作。 1 此种疾病的治疗,以补充铁剂为主,补铁时应注意(1)铁剂有恶心、呕吐、腹部还适、腹泻等消化道反应,为减轻这些不良反应,宜嘱患儿在进食后服用铁剂。(2)在服铁剂的同时,宜嘱患儿同时服用还原剂,如氨基酸、果糖、维生素C等,以使三价铁还原成二价铁,利于铁剂在肠道的吸收。(3)口服铁剂时禁忌饮茶,因茶叶含有鞣酸可与铁结合成不溶性铁     

宿州市儿童缺铁性贫血患病情况调查

目的研究宿州市27年来1-7岁儿童缺铁性贫血患病情况的变迁和影响因素,为缺铁性贫血防治提供依据。方法收集贫血检测资料进行统计分析。结果 27年来,宿州市儿童贫血患病率逐年下降,从1980年的91.8%降至2007年的23.8%,贫血程度也逐年减轻,已消灭了中重度贫血。膳食不合理是贫血的重要影响因素,1.5%的4-7岁小儿有挑食偏食习惯。结论妇幼保健部门预防贫血的措施是有效的。但贫血患病率仍较高。应继续加强贫血防治工作。     

儿童缺铁性贫血的防治

缺铁性贫血是儿童常见病之一 ,在营养不良和肠道寄生虫病流行地区发病率达 5 0 %以上。缺铁性贫血可导致儿童发育迟缓 ,体力下降、行动及学习能力降低 ,应积极预防。缺铁性贫血是体内缺乏铁质 ,影响二价铁与原卟啉结合成血红素 ,阻碍血红素与珠蛋白构成血红蛋白。正常情况下 ,儿童每日需要吸收 1～ 1.5ｍｇ铁 ,需进食含铁量 10～ 15ｍｇ的食物(食物中的铁吸收率为 10 % )。正常人铁的排出量很少 ,食物中的铁一般足够补偿代谢。现就缺铁性贫血的原因及防治简述如下。1　缺铁性贫血的病因1.1　机体需要量增加而摄入不足　儿童正处于生长发育期…     

儿童缺铁性贫血因素的配对研究

本文对87例12～16岁患缺铁性贫血儿童进行了致病因素分析。结果表明:儿童缺铁性贫血主要与豆制品、水果和肉食摄入过少及零食过多、偏食、不经常吃早餐以及长期单纯使用铝锅烹调等因素有关。而是否独生子女、家庭经济收入等与儿童缺铁性贫血的发生无明显关系。     

学龄前儿童缺铁性贫血的研究 Ⅲ.儿童缺铁性贫血的筛查

我们用血中血红蛋白,细胞压积和红细胞游离原卟啉的测定作为筛查小儿缺铁性贫血的综合指标,对北京市门头沟区学龄前儿童进行了贫血的调查,发现血红蛋白低于11g/dl者达33.7％,细胞压积低于33％者为43.5％,而红细胞游离原卟啉含量高于50μg/dl全血者达40.5％。小儿血红蛋白水平降低者其细胞压积值也减低,而血细胞游离原卟啉含量反而增加。以血红蛋白,细胞压积和红细胞游离原卟啉的测定作为综合指标,具有操作简便,用血量少,结果特异而稳定,适合于大规模现场小儿贫血的筛查。     

初次妊娠孕妇妊娠期缺铁性贫血及贫血程度的影响因素分析

目的 探讨初次妊娠孕妇妊娠期缺铁性贫血及贫血程度的影响因素.方法 回顾性分析2016年1月至2019年12月我院收治的980例初次妊娠孕妇的临床资料,依据是否出现缺铁性贫血分为对照组(未出现缺铁性贫血,800例)和观察组(出现缺铁性贫血,180例).根据病情严重程度将观察组分为轻度组(血红蛋白100～ 109 g/L,...     

314例6岁以下住院儿童营养性缺铁性贫血情况调查

婴幼儿贫血为我国儿童重点防治的疾病之一。为了解小儿营养性缺铁性贫血的发病特点，以便为预防小儿缺铁性贫血提出合理建议，我们对2006年在昌黎县妇幼保健院儿科住院的314例营养性缺铁性贫血患儿进行调查。     

Iron Deficiency Anemia in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases—A Narrative Review

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, is characterized by chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. IBD has been associated with numerous symptoms and complications, with the most common being iron deficiency anemia (IDA). Iron deficiency in IBD is caused by inadequate intake, malabsorption (including duodenal involvement and surgical removal), and chronic blood loss by mucosal ulcerations. Therefore, an appropriate diet should be enforced. Iron deficiency and iron supplementation have been associated with alterations to gut microbiota. IBD-associated anemia, in particular iron deficiency anemia, is associated with a significant decrease in quality of life and with clinical symptoms such as chronic fatigue, headaches and dizziness, reduced exercise tolerance, pale skin, nails, conjunctiva, and fainting. However, despite these numerous adverse symptoms, IDA remains undertreated. The European Crohn’s and Colitis Organisation (ECCO) guidelines state that patients should be monitored for anemia. Adequate treatment, whether oral or intravenous, should be implemented while taking into consideration C-reactive protein values (CRP), hemoglobin levels, and therapeutic response. It should be stressed that every case of anemia in IBD patients should be treated. Intravenous iron formulations, which are more superior compared to the oral form, should be used. There is a need to increase awareness and implementation of international guidelines on iron supplementation in patients with IBD.     

缺铁性贫血对妊娠及其结局的影响

目的　了解孕妇缺铁性贫血 (IDA)的程度和主要相关因素 ,探讨其对妊娠结局的不良影响和补铁后的效果。方法　膳食调查、血液铁水平测定及补铁效果、妊娠结局观察的临床对照研究。结果　育龄妇女在妊娠前、后血红素铁摄入量较低 ;孕中、晚期IDA发生率分别为 14 3%,2 8 3%,其中Hb >10 0 g/L者占 94 3%;IDA孕妇组子痫前期发生率及分娩时宫缩乏力率、宫内发育迟缓和低出生体重发生率均显著高于正常孕妇组 ,IDA孕妇经补铁后 ,其血液铁水平和妊娠结局均有所改善。结论　孕期轻度IDA对母儿均有影响 ,妇女孕前应进行营养教育和指导 ,对孕期IDA应及时防治。     

婴、幼儿营养性缺铁性贫血249例相关因素分析

目的探讨不同月龄婴、幼儿的营养性缺铁性贫血（nutritional iron deficiency anemia）发生情况及其相关因素。方法选择2004年1月1日至2006年12月31日在郑州市妇幼保健院儿童保健门诊接受规范4：2：1保健的1254例1～6个月（A组,n=540）、6～12个月（B组,n=360）、12～18个月（C组,n=354）儿童为研究对象（本研究遵循的程序符合郑州市妇幼保健院人体试验委员会所制定的伦理学标准,得到该委员会批准,分组征得受试对象监护人的知情同意,并与其签署临床研究知情同意书）。对其母乳喂养、辅食添加等情况进行问卷调查（自行设计）,并采用世界卫生组织（WHO）推荐的氰化高铁法测定血红蛋白（hemoglobin,Hb）含量,同时回顾性追踪母亲孕期保健资料,对采集资料进行汇总、统计学处理和分析。结果营养性缺铁性贫血总检出率为19．86％（249／1254）,其中A,B,C组儿童营养性缺铁性贫血检出率分别为26．11％（141／540）,19．17％（69／360）,11．02％（39／354）,随年龄增加,营养性缺铁性贫血发生率下降。单因素分析显示,A组婴儿中,纯母乳喂养儿（n＝414）和非纯母乳喂养儿（n＝126）缺铁性贫血检出率分别为22．46％（93／414）和38．10％（48／126）,两者比较,差异有显著意义（P〈0．05）。A组纯母乳喂养儿中,及时和过晚添加辅食儿（n=309 vs n=105）的营养性缺铁性贫血检出率分别为16．50％（51／309）,40．00％（42／105）,两者比较,差异有显著意义（P〈0．01）。母亲孕期保健资料回顾性分析结果显示,249例营养性缺铁性贫血婴、幼儿中,孕妇孕晚期缺铁性贫血为78例（31．5％）。结论婴、幼儿饮食结构不合理和母亲孕晚期缺铁性贫血,是导致婴、幼儿营养性缺铁性贫血的重要影响因素。加强围生期保健,提倡婴儿期母乳喂养的同时注意适时（4～6个月龄时）添加辅食,是减少婴儿期营养性缺铁性贫血的有效措施。     

血红素铁胶囊改善缺铁性贫血人体试验研究

目的研究血红素铁胶囊对人体缺铁性贫血的改善情况。方法选择男性血红蛋白含量小于130g/L和女性血红蛋白含量小于120g/L的受试者118名,分为试食组和对照组。试食组每人每天6粒服用受试样品,连续30d,对照组按同法给予安慰剂。比较试验前后血红蛋白、血清铁蛋白、红细胞内游离原卟啉含量变化。结果试食组血红蛋白含量平均升高23.6g/L(22.24%),血清铁蛋白含量平均升高34.1μg/ml(75.78%),红细胞内游离原卟啉平均降低0.09μmol/L(10.11%),通过配对t检验及成组t检验比较,差异均有统计学意义(P0.01)。结论在研究剂量范围内可见血红素铁胶囊具有改善人体缺铁性贫血的功能。     

孕妇缺铁性贫血影响因素分析

目的探讨孕妇孕期缺铁性贫血的影响因素。方法对进行产前检查的早孕孕妇,按血色素和血清铁蛋白分为缺铁性贫血组35名和对照组104名进行问卷调查。所得资料运用t检验、χ2检验和U检验进行分析。结果两组孕妇在体重、BMI指数、早孕反应、偏食情况、孕期补铁食物摄入频次、生产方式等方面差异有统计学意义(P<0·05,或P<0·01)。结论育龄期饮食结构不合理是导致孕期缺铁性贫血发生的重要因素。     

A Life Course Approach to the Prevention of Iron Deficiency Anemia in Indonesia

Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) has a long-term impact on each life stage and remains worldwide a major public health problem. Eleven experts were invited to participate in a virtual meeting to discuss the present situation and the available intervention to prevent iron deficiency anemia in Indonesia. The experts consisted of obstetric gynecologists, pediatricians, nutritionists, midwives, a clinical psychologist, and an education expert. Existing interventions focus attention on preconception and early childhood stages. Considering the inter-generational effects of IDA, we call attention to expanding strategies to all life stages through integrating political, educational, and nutritional interventions. The experts agreed that health education and nutritional intervention should be started since adolescence. Further research to explore the effectiveness of these interventions would be important for many regions in the world. The outcome of this Indonesian consensus is applicable worldwide.     

血红素铁改善大鼠缺铁性贫血状况实验研究

目的了解血红素铁对缺铁性贫血大鼠的影响。方法以低铁饲料喂饲雌性断乳SD大鼠建立缺铁性贫血大鼠模型。选血红蛋白含量低于100 g/L的动物按Hb含量随机分为溶剂对照组以及低、中、高三个剂量组。剂量设置分别为0.05、0.10、0.30 g/kg·bw。连续给药30 d后进行指标测定。给药期间,继续喂饲低铁饲料,饮去离子水。结果各剂量组均能增加缺铁性贫血大鼠血红蛋白含量;0.30 g/kg·bw剂量组明显降低红细胞内游离原卟啉且与低铁对照组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论血红素铁对缺铁性贫血大鼠具有明显改善作用。     

Sucrosomial Iron Supplementation for the Treatment of Iron Deficiency Anemia in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients Refractory to Oral Iron Treatment

Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a common manifestation of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). Oral iron supplements are the treatment of choice, but are not always well tolerated. Sucrosomial^® iron (SI) may represent an alternative. This prospective study assessed the tolerability and effectiveness of SI, and quality of life (QoL) of IDA-IBD patients who were intolerant to oral iron salts. The study included 52 individuals treated with 1 capsule/day for 12 weeks. Tolerability was assessed through a gastrointestinal symptom severity questionnaire. Hemoglobin (Hb) levels and clinical symptoms of IDA were analyzed. QoL was assessed using IBDQ-9 and EuroQoL questionnaires. The percentage of patients with excellent/good health increased from 42.9% to 94.3%. Mean Hb concentration significantly increased at all follow-up visits (p < 0.05). Almost all participants (96.9%) were adherent to the study medication. Patients’ QoL improved (IBDQ-9: from 60.9 to 65.5). Patients also improved in mobility (71.8% to 78.1%), usual activities (51.3% to 68.7%), pain/discomfort (41.0% to 53.1%), and extreme depression/anxiety problems (7.7% to 3.2%); they worsened in self-care (100% to 90.6%), but perceived an enhancement in their global health [EQ-VAS score: 61.9 (±26.1) to 66.9 (±20.3)]. SI was well tolerated and improved IDA symptoms, IBD activity, and patients’ QoL. In conclusion, SI should be considered in IDA–IBD patients.     

Iron Sucrose Versus Oral Iron Therapy in Pregnancy Anemia

Background:

Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is the most common medical problem in pregnancy. Parenteral iron is a useful treatment, although iron dextran use decreased due to anaphylaxis. Iron sucrose is a newer agent that has overcome the shortcomings of iron dextran.

Objective:

The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and tolerance of intravenous iron sucrose (IVIS) therapy with oral iron (OI) therapy in pregnant women with IDA and to study the factors influencing treatment.

Materials and Methods:

This prospective, randomized clinical trial included pregnant women between 14 and 36 weeks with established IDA who were treated with IVIS or OI (ferrous fumarate). All patients were monitored for laboratory response and adverse effects. Independent sample-t test, Chi square test and ANOVA were used for statistical analysis. P < 0.05 was considered significant.

Results:

Although hemoglobin increased in both the groups, increase in the reticulocyte count and percentage increase in hemoglobin was significantly higher in the IVIS group than in the OI group (23.62% vs. 14.11%). Serum ferritin was significantly higher in the IVIS group than in the OI group (P = 0.000). The IVIS group had no major side-effects. Compliance was good with OI, although 23% had gastrointestinal side-effects. Patient weight, gestation at diagnosis, initial hemoglobin and ferritin levels did not influence the response to treatment.

Conclusion:

IVIS is safe and effective in the treatment of IDA during pregnancy. Iron stores increased better with IVIS compared with OI.