丝裂霉素抑制PRK后haze形成及屈光回退的研究

目的评价在高度近视的PRK手术中预防性使用丝裂霉素（MMC）抑制术后角膜上皮下混浊（haze）和屈光回退的效果，以寻求更佳的屈光手术方式。方法将不宜接受LASIK手术的高度近视患者（－6．0～－10．0D）按协议随机分为研究组40例（80眼）和对照组38例（76眼），研究组患者在PRK手术中使用0．02％丝裂霉素，对照组患者采用常规的PRK手术，术后两组用药方案一样，评价术后角膜上皮下混浊（haze）、角膜上皮修复、屈光状态、裸眼视力，矫正视力、角膜内皮细胞改变等情况。结果研究组未出现一眼2级或2级以上haze，无一眼出现术后最佳矫正视力下降，术后达到最佳矫正视力所需屈光改变小于－0．5D有70眼；对照组有26眼出现2级或2级以上haze，有14眼出现术后矫正视力下降，术后达到最佳矫正视力所需屈光改变小于－0．5D有37眼。研究组与对照组的差异有显著性。使用丝裂霉素未见明显毒副作用。结论PRK手术中预防性使用0．02％丝裂霉素，对术后减少角膜雾状混浊，防止屈光回退，改善裸眼视力和最佳矫正视力，是安全有效的。     

激光屈光性角膜切削术联合丝裂霉素C矫治近视的临床观察

目的评价准分子激光屈光性角膜切削术（PRK）术中预防性使用丝裂霉素C（MMC）矫治角膜较薄的近视的作用。方法角膜较薄的近视（-2．00D--0．00D）128例（243眼）采用PRK＋MMC治疗。术后随访6个月。结果128例（243眼）均未出现2级或2级以上角膜上皮下雾状浑浊（haze）,术后1周裸眼视力≥0．8者206眼（84．77％）,术后6个月裸眼视力≥0．8者216眼（88．89％）,术后6个月裸眼视力达到或超过术前最佳矫正视力233眼（95．88％）。术后6个月与术后1周屈光状态相比无回退。使用MMC未见明显毒副作用。结论角膜较薄的近视治疗采用PRK＋MMC,在术后减少haze、预防屈光回退及改善视力方面安全有效。     

准分子激光角膜原位磨镶术矫治高度近视准分子激光屈光性角膜切削术后屈光回退的临床观察

目的评价准分子激光角膜原位磨镶术（LASIK）矫治高度近视准分子激光屈光性角膜切削术（PRK）后屈光回退的疗效。方法回顾性临床研究。对PRK术后2年以上、屈光回退且屈光度稳定的患者8例14眼行LASIK,对LASIK术后术眼进行评价。患眼PRK术前屈光度为-6.25～-12.50 D,PRK术后屈光度为-1.50～-6.25 D。随访观察LASIK矫正1年后术眼的裸眼视力、最佳矫正视力、屈光度、上皮下雾状混浊（haze）形成和角膜厚度的变化。结果所有患眼术后主观症状较轻。LASIK术后1年平均球镜度数为（-0.62±0.94）D。LASIK术后0.5≤裸眼视力〈0.8者4眼,≥0.8者9眼,1眼（7.1%）最佳矫正视力下降2行。4眼术后出现不同程度的haze,包括2级haze 3眼、3级haze 1眼。应用氟米龙滴眼液1个月后,haze及屈光回退减轻;术后1年,1级haze 2眼,2级haze 2眼,3级haze 1眼。LASIK术前角膜厚度为（467±38）μm,术后为（422±21）μm。结论高度近视PRK术后屈光回退行LASIK矫治是一种可行的方法,但少数患者术后可出现haze,仍需治疗。     

准分子激光角膜上皮瓣下磨镶术和准分子激光屈光性角膜切削术后角膜上皮下雾状浑浊的对比观察

目的探讨准分子激光角膜上皮瓣下磨镶术（LASEK）手术和准分子激光屈光性角膜切削术（PRK）手术后角膜上皮下雾状浑浊（haze）的发生率。方法分别对120例（240眼）左右眼分别行LASEK和PRK手术,观察12个月,计算出低中度近视组（等于或低于-6.00D）和高度近视组（-6.00D以上）haze的发生率。结果低中度近视组和高度近视组LASEK手术后1,3,6,12个月haze的发生率均低于PRK手术后1,3,6,12个月haze的发生率,其中低中度近视组和高度近视组LASEK手术后1,3个月1级haze的发生率和PRK手术后1、3个月1级haze的发生率比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,低中度近视组LASEK手术后12个月1级haze的发生率和PRK手术后12个月1级haze的发生率比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论 LASEK手术后haze形成情况显著好于PRK手术。     

准分子激光上皮下角膜磨镶术治疗中高度近视的效果分析

目的探讨准分子激光上皮下角膜磨镶术（LASEK）治疗中高度近视的疗效。方法40例（79眼）行LASEK,屈光度-3．50D～-15．00D,平均-8．50D;随访6个月,观察早期眼部症状、视力、眼压、屈光状态、雾状角膜浑浊（haze）程度及屈光回退等情况。结果LASEK术后早期眼部刺激症状较重;术后角膜上皮愈合时间为3～7d,平均为5d;术后2周裸眼视力（UCVA）〉0．5者71眼（89．87％）,术后6个月UCVA等于或优于术前最佳矫正视力（BCVA）者74眼（93．67％）;术后6个月发生（haze）：0级76眼（96．20％）;0．5级2眼（2．53％）;2级1眼（1．27％）;无1级及2级以上haze。结论LASEK治疗中高度近视有一定的疗效,但手术后早期跟部刺激症状重,视力恢复慢,haze和屈光回退有待观察与研究。     

丝裂霉素C用于不同屈光度LASEK术中的对比研究

目的探讨丝裂霉素C（MMC）对不同屈光度准分子激光上皮瓣下角膜磨镶术（LASEK）后角膜上皮下雾状浑浊（haze）与屈光回退的影响。方法将接受LASEK手术者先根据屈光度分为低、中、高度组,再将各组分为LASEK组和LASEK联合MMC组。低、中、高度LASEK联合MMC组在激光切削完毕后用浸有0.02%MMC的绵片覆于角膜切削区,时间分别为20～25s、40～50s、60～80s。术后早期观察眼部刺激症状及角膜上皮愈合情况;1、3、6、12个月复查视力、角膜haze及角膜地形图。结果 （1）术后疼痛反应、角膜上皮愈合时间低、中、高度的LASEK组与LASEK联合MMC组无显著性差异（P〉0.05）;（2）术后1、3、6、12个月,haze发生率低度近视LASEK组与LASEK联合MMC无显著性差异,中、高度近视LASEK联合MMC组haze发生率低于LASEK组（P〈0.05）;（3）低、中、高度近视LASEK联合MMC组角膜曲率术后1a与1个月相比,差别无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,高度近视LASEK组角膜曲率术后1a与1个月相比差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;（4）术后1a低、中近视LASEK联合MMC组与LASEK组达最佳矫正视力者差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,但高度近视LASEK联合MMC组达最佳矫正视力的眼数多于LASEK组（P〈0.05）。结论 LASEK术中MMC敷贴合适时间可以降低术后haze及屈光回退的发生率,高度近视组尤为显著;术前屈光度越高,所需MMC敷贴时间越长。     

LASEK治疗近视疗效观察

目的　评价LASEK治疗近视的早期疗效。方法　对41例(81眼)不同屈光度(-2 . 75D～-14 . 0 0D)的近视进行LASEK手术,观察术中术后并发症,并对术后1～6月裸眼视力、屈光状态及角膜上皮下雾状浑浊(haze)进行随访。结果　2例(4眼)Ⅰ级haze ,3月时视力低于术前矫正视力1～3行,为轻度近视状态(-0 . 75D～-3 . 2 5D)。1例(2眼)Ⅱ级haze ,3月视力下降,屈光回退。6月回退到术前屈光状态。其余病例6月时视力均在0 . 5以上,达1 0者62眼占总复诊人数(76眼)的81 . 5 8%。屈光稳定于±1 . 0D以内,haze 0～0 . 5级者70眼占复诊人数(76眼)的92 . 11%。结论　LASEK是治疗近视有效方法之一,但也存在明显并发症。     

LASEK与PRK矫正近视及近视散光的疗效比较

目的 比较LASEK与PRK手术矫正不同程度近视及近视散光的有效性、安全性及稳定性。方法 70名患者(140眼)，分为中低度近视组39人(78眼)、高度近视组31人(62眼)。患者一眼行LASEK手术，对侧眼行PRK手术，术后观察术眼疼痛情况、上皮愈合时问、角膜上皮下雾状混浊(haze)、术后裸眼视力6个月。结果LASEK与PRK术后上皮愈合时间及术眼疼痛指数无明显差异；中低度近视组两种手术后裸眼视力无显著差异；高度近视组裸眼视力及角膜haze程度差异显著。结论 LASEK矫正不同程度近视均能取得较好的临床效果，术后裸眼视力及视力稳定程度优于PRK，特别表现在高度近视组。     

LASIK术后角膜瓣表面PRK二次治疗的临床效果观察

目的 :探讨LASIK术后屈光回退和 /或欠矫行角膜瓣表面PRK治疗的效果和并发症。方法 :LASIK术后屈光回退和 /或欠矫患者 16例 2 2眼 ,PRK术前屈光度等值球镜值 -1 5 7D± 0 46D ,平均角膜瓣下剩余基质厚度 2 47 14 μm± 19 3 5 μm ,角膜瓣表面平均PRK切削深度 2 3 5 5 μm± 8 3 1μm。PRK术前裸眼视力 0 2～ 0 5 ,最佳矫正视力均大于 1 0。结果 :术后 1个月裸眼视力均在 0 8以上 ,术后 6个月裸眼视力均大于 1 0者 17眼占 77 2 7% ,未见最佳矫正视力下降。PRK术后 10眼占 44 5 %出现角膜瓣haze ,其中 6眼占 2 7 2 7%为 2级haze ,术后 6个月时仍有 2级haze者 3眼占 13 63 %。未见 3级以上haze。结论 :LASIK术后屈光回退和 /或欠矫应用PRK方法进行二次治疗的效果尚满意。但术后角膜瓣haze发生率较高。     

准分子激光上皮下角膜磨镶术和准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术在屈光回退再治疗的疗效观察

目的比较准份子激光上皮瓣下角膜磨镶术（LASEK）和准分子原位角膜磨镶术（LASIK）在屈光回退再治疗的安全性、有效性和可预测性。方法回顾性分析8例（12只眼）LASEK（A组）和15例（23只眼）LASIK（B组）在术后屈光回退、欠矫再次手术病例。A组采用酒精浸泡保留上皮瓣的方法;B组采用原瓣掀起或再次重新制瓣的方法。结果术后1个月A组眼视力≥0.8者9只眼（占75%）,B组≥0.8者2只眼（87%）,等效球镜屈光度＋1.0～-1.25D之间。B组有1只眼重新制瓣时出现角膜瓣错位,第3次手术行LASEK裸眼视力达到1.0。结论LASEK和LASIK在术后屈光回退、欠矫再治疗是安全有效的。LASIK术后恢复快,层间反应轻,稳定性好,优于LASEK,而LASIK在角膜薄、初次手术瓣异常、高度近视再次手术等选择上优于LASIK。两种手术方法在远期疗效和术后并发症等仍需更长期的观察。     

Laser-assisted subepithelial keratectomy versus photorefractive keratectomy for the correction of myopia. A prospective comparative study

PURPOSE: To compare the early postoperative visual rehabilitation after laser-assisted subepithelial keratectomy (LASEK) and photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) for the correction of myopia. SETTING: CODET Aris Vision Institute, Tijuana, Mexico. METHODS: This prospective study included 50 eyes of 25 patients with myopia who received LASEK in 1 eye and PRK in the contralateral eye. Excimer laser corneal ablation was done using the Nidek EC-5000 excimer laser. Patients were seen at 1 and 3 days, 1 week, and 1 month. Discomfort, subjective uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), objective UCVA, best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), corneal clarity (haze), and time for corneal reepithelialization were analyzed. RESULTS: Seventy-two percent and 80% of the LASEK eyes had more discomfort at 1 day and 3 days, respectively. Eighty percent and 96% of the PRK eyes had better subjective UCVA at 1 day and 3 days, respectively. Corneas were fully reepithelialized at a mean of 3.3 days +/- 0.5 (SD) and 3.6 +/- 0.5 days in the PRK and LASEK groups, respectively. At 1 month, the UCVA was similar in both groups; no eye had lost lines of BCVA or developed haze. CONCLUSIONS: Both LASEK and PRK were effective and safe procedures in the surgical correction of myopia at the 1-month postoperative visit. Patients reported less discomfort and better visual acuity in their PRK eye during the early postoperative period. Patients should be informed that LASEK, whose acronym is similar to that of laser in situ keratomileusis, has a recovery speed that is similar to that of surface laser refractive procedures such as PRK.     

Comparison of laser epithelial keratomileusis and photorefractive keratectomy for low to moderate myopia

PURPOSE: To compare the effectiveness, safety, and stability of laser epithelial keratomileusis (LASEK), a modified photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) technique, with those of conventional PRK for low to moderate myopia. SETTING: Department of Ophthalmology, Yonsei University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. METHODS: In this prospective study, 27 patients with a manifest refraction of -3.00 to -6.50 diopters were treated and followed for 3 months. In each case, PRK was performed in 1 eye and LASEK in the other eye. The first eye treated and the surgical method used in the first eye were randomized. Postoperative pain, epithelial healing time, uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), manifest refraction, corneal haze, and surgical preference were examined in PRK- and LASEK-treated eyes. RESULTS: During the 3 month follow-up, there were no significant between-eye differences in epithelial healing time, UCVA, or refractive error. However, LASEK-treated eyes had lower postoperative pain scores (P =.047) and corneal haze scores (1 month; P =.02) than PRK-treated eyes. Seventeen patients (63%) preferred the LASEK procedure. CONCLUSIONS: Laser epithelial keratomileusis safely and effectively treated eyes with low to moderate myopia. It reduced the incidence of significant postoperative pain and corneal haze and may prevent the flap- and interface-related problems of laser in situ keratomileusis.     

LASEK治疗高度及超高度近视的临床观察

目的:评价LASEK治疗高度、超高度近视的临床效果。方法:回顾2008-07/2010-01在我院行LASEK手术的271例493眼患者,按术前等值屈光度分为高度近视组(6.00～10.00D)与超高度近视组(≥10.00D),其中高度组311眼,超高度组182眼。随访1a,比较术后两组的裸眼视力、haze及其它并发症。结果:术后裸眼视力均较术前提高。随访结束,裸眼视力≥术前最佳矫正视力(BCVA)眼数为,高度组255眼(82.0%),超高度组110眼(60.4%),两者统计有显著性差异(P<0.01)。术后haze均在2级之内;无明显的角膜刺激症状及严重并发症出现。结论:LASEK治疗高度近视安全、有效,但对超高度近视的治疗效果不佳。     

Effect of amniotic membrane after laser-assisted subepithelial keratectomy on epithelial healing: clinical and refractive outcomes

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of an amniotic membrane (AM) on reepithelialization time, corneal haze, and postoperative visual and refractive outcomes after laser-assisted subepithelial keratectomy (LASEK) for myopia and myopic astigmatism. SETTING: Department of Ophthalmology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, and Balgeunsesang Ophthalmology Clinic, Seoul, Korea. METHODS: One hundred fifty-two eyes of 84 patients with myopia or myopic astigmatism were prospectively evaluated for 6 months after LASEK. An AM was placed as a strip on the inferior limbus in 94 eyes of 54 patients after LASEK; 58 eyes of 30 patients served as the control group. Postoperative epithelial healing time, uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), best corrected visual acuity, remaining refractive error, and corneal haze were examined. RESULTS: The reepithelialization time was shorter in the AM group (2.40 days +/- 0.94 [SD]) than in the control group (3.90 +/- 0.97 days) (P<.001). At 6 months, 86 eyes (91.5%) in the AM group had a UCVA of 20/25 or better and 90 eyes (95.7%) had a UCVA of 20/40 or better; 48 eyes (82.8%) and 53 eyes (91.4%) in the control group had a UCVA of 20/25 or better and 20/40 or better, respectively. The mean spherical equivalent in the AM group was -0.48 +/- 0.54 diopter (D) and in the control group, -0.94 +/- 0.60 D (P<.001). The corneal haze was significantly less in the AM group than in the control group (P<.001). CONCLUSION: Amniotic membrane use after LASEK induced rapid epithelial healing with more favorable visual and refractive outcomes and lower corneal haze scores than conventional LASEK.     

准分子激光角膜切削术治疗近视和近视散光的临床研究

目的 评价准分子激光角膜切削术矫正近视的结果。方法 我院自１９９６年９月到１９９７年１０月,应用ＳＶＳＡＰＥＸ型（Ｓｕｍｍｉｔ Ｔｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙ Ｉｎｃ．ＵＳＡ）准分子激光治疗仪,对１６８例近视患者（３１６只眼）行ＰＲＫ手术,对其中的１５０例（２６０只眼,占８４％）患者随诊至少３ｍｏ以上,最长１ａ;男６８例（１１６只眼,占４０．１％）,女８２例（１４４只眼,占５９．９％）。１５０例（２６０只眼     

Evaluation of the prophylactic use of mitomycin-C to inhibit haze formation after photorefractive keratectomy

PURPOSE: To evaluate the results of the prophylactic use of mitomycin-C to inhibit haze formation after excimer laser photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) for medium and high myopia in eyes that were not good candidates for laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK). SETTING: Carones Ophthalmology Center, Milan, Italy. METHODS: This prospective randomized masked study comprised 60 consecutive eyes (60 patients). The inclusion criteria were a spherical equivalent correction between -6.00 and -10.00 diopters (D) and inadequate corneal thickness to allow a LASIK procedure with a residual stromal thickness of more than 250 microm. The eyes were divided into 2 groups according to the randomization protocol. After PRK, the study group eyes were treated with a single intraoperative dose of mitomycin-C (0.2 mg/mL), applied topically with a soaked microsponge placed over the ablated area and maintained for 2 minutes. The control eyes did not receive this treatment. Refraction, uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and slitlamp evidence of corneal opacity (haze) or other visible complications were evaluated. RESULTS: No toxic or side effects were encountered postoperatively. No study group eye had a haze rate higher than 1 during the 6-month follow-up; 19 eyes (63%) in the control group did (P =.01). At 6 months, the between-group difference in the refractive outcome was statistically significant (P =.05), with 26 study group eyes (87%) and 14 control eyes (47%) within +/-0.50 D of the attempted correction. No study group eye had a BCVA loss during the follow-up; 7 control eyes had lost 1 to 3 lines at 6 months (P =.0006). CONCLUSIONS: The prophylactic use of a diluted mitomycin-C 0.02% solution applied intraoperatively in a single dose after PRK produced lower haze rates, better UCVA and BCVA results, and more accurate refractive outcomes than those achieved in the control group.     

Photorefractive keratectomy and butterfly laser epithelial keratomileusis: a prospective, contralateral study

PURPOSE: To evaluate results of two surface excimer laser refractive surgery techniques--photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) and butterfly laser epithelial keratomileusis (butterfly LASEK). METHODS: A prospective, randomized, double-masked study of 51 patients (102 eyes) who underwent laser refractive surgery. One eye of each patient was randomized to be operated with PRK and the fellow eye with butterfly LASEK. Patients were followed for 1 year. RESULTS: No significant difference between groups for distance uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) (P = .559) was noted. At 1 year, 98% (50 eyes) in the PRK group and 96.1% (49 eyes) in the butterfly LASEK group reached UCVA of 20/20. Predictability, efficacy, safety, and stability were not statistically significant between groups. Safety index was 1.0 for PRK and 0.996 for butterfly LASEK. One eye in the butterfly LASEK group lost one line of best-spectacle corrected visual acuity. At 12 months, 94.1% (48 eyes) and 86.3% (44 eyes) in the PRK and butterfly LASEK groups (P = .188), respectively, had a spherical equivalent refraction of +/- 0.50 diopters. Slight haze was observed in both groups. A statistical difference in haze between the groups was observed only in the first postoperative month, with higher intensity in the butterfly LASEK group (0.18 +/- 0.39) compared to the PRK group (0.08+/- 0.21) (P = .04). CONCLUSIONS: Butterfly LASEK had similar predictability, efficacy, safety, stability, and haze incidence to PRK for the treatment of low to moderate myopia. However, on the second postoperative day, PRK showed better UCVA than butterfly LASEK.     

Laser in situ keratomileusis versus laser-assisted subepithelial keratectomy for the correction of high myopia

PURPOSE: To compare the visual and refractive outcomes of laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) and laser-assisted subepithelial keratectomy (LASEK) in the treatment of high myopia. SETTING: Institute of Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, and Balgeunsesang Ophthalmology Clinic, Seoul, South Korea. METHODS: Four hundred seventy eyes of 240 patients with manifest refraction spherical components greater than -6.00 diopters (D) were assigned to 2 groups: 324 eyes (167 patients) were treated with LASIK and 146 eyes (73 patients), with LASEK. Uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA), remaining refractive error, corneal haze, and complications were followed in both groups for 12 months. RESULTS: At 12 months, the mean spherical equivalent (SE) was within +/-0.50 D of emmetropia in 205 eyes (63.3%) in the LASIK group and 81 eyes (55.5%) in the LASEK group and within +/-1.00 D in 261 eyes (80.6%) and 104 eyes (71.2%), respectively. The UCVA was 20/25 or better in 269 LASIK eyes (83.0%) and 111 LASEK eyes (76.0%). There was more than a 1-line loss of BSCVA in 4 LASIK eyes (1.2%) and 21 LASEK eyes (14.3%). The between-group differences in SE, magnitude of cylinder, UCVA, and haze were statistically significant (P<.05). CONCLUSIONS: Both LASIK and LASEK were safe and effectively treated eyes with high myopia. Laser in situ keratomileusis provided superior results in visual predictability and corneal opacity.