真胰岛素测定在分析β细胞功能及胰岛素敏感性的意义初探

目的探讨真胰岛素（Ｔｒｕｅｉｎｓｕｌｉｎ，ＴＩ）测定在分析胰岛β细胞功能及胰岛素敏感性中的意义。方法采用双位点夹心放大酶联免疫分析法（ＢＡＥＬＩＳＡ）及其它方法对４３例糖耐量正常者（ＮＧＴ）、２０例糖耐量低减者（ＩＧＴ）及４７例２型糖尿病（ＤＭ）患者进行血清ＴＩ等的测定，初步分析其胰岛β细胞功能及胰岛素敏感性。结果肥胖的２型ＤＭ组血清空腹ＴＩ水平不高（Ｐ＞０．０５），而免疫反应性胰岛素（ＩＲＩ）则明显升高（Ｐ＜０．０１），ＯＧＴＴ３０分钟ＴＩ水平明显低于ＮＧＴ组（Ｐ＜０．０１）。用ＴＩ计算胰岛素释放指数，ＮＧＴ＞ＩＧＴ＞２型ＤＭ；敏感指数，ＮＧＴ与ＩＧＴ均明显高于２型ＤＭ（Ｐ＜０．０１）；而用ＩＲＩ计算胰岛素释放指数和敏感指数仅在ＮＧＴ与２型ＤＭ组间有显著差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论２型ＤＭ患者的高胰岛素血症可能是高胰岛素原血症；ＴＩ测定较ＩＲＩ更能确切地评价β细胞功能及胰岛素敏感性     

2型糖尿病患者空腹和口服葡萄糖负荷后血清真胰岛素、胰岛素原水平初探

本研究应用特异、灵敏的ＥＬＩＳＡ法分别测定肥胖和非肥胖糖耐量正常者 (ＮＧＴ)、ＩＧＴ者和 2型糖尿病 (ＤＭ)患者基础状态和糖负荷状态下的真胰岛素 (ＴｒｕｅＩｎｓｕｌｉｎ ,ＴＩ)、胰岛素原的释放水平 ,并与传统ＲＩＡ法所测的免疫反应性胰岛素(Ｉｍｍｕｎｏｒｅａｃｔｉｖｅｉｎｓｕｌｉｎ ,ＩＲＩ)比较 ,以更确切地探讨其 β细胞分泌功能和胰岛素抵抗状态。一、对象和方法1.对象 :按 1985年ＷＨＯ提出的诊断标准新诊断的 2型ＤＭ 34例 ,ＩＧＴ 2 0例 ,ＮＧＴ 2 8例。各组均排除心血管疾病和其它内分泌代谢疾病 ,肝肾功能正常。ＮＧ…     

不同糖耐量水平人群血清真胰岛素和胰岛素原水平的临床意义

目的 探讨不同糖耐量者血清真胰岛素（ＴＩ）及胰岛素原（ＰＩ）水平的变化及临床意义。方法 用特异的单克隆抗体夹心放大酶联免疫分析法（ＢＡ－ＥＬＩＳＡ）检测１３５例正常糖耐量（ＮＧＴ）、８６例糖耐量低减（ＩＧＴ）及１０１例Ⅱ型糖尿病（ＤＭ）者口服葡萄糖耐量试验（ＯＧＴＴ）各点血清ＴＩ及ＰＩ水平。结果 ３组血清空腹ＴＩ差异无显著性（Ｐ〉０．０５）,免疫反应胰岛素（ＩＲＩ）Ⅱ型ＤＭ组明显升高（Ｐ〈０．０１     

中国人糖耐量异常与胰岛素抵抗和胰岛素分泌

研究胰岛素抵抗和胰岛分泌缺陷与中国人糖耐量变化的关系。方法对４６６例（正常体重１８９例,超重／肥胖２７７例）正常糖耐量（ＮＧＴ）、糖耐量减退／空腹血糖减损（ＩＧＴ／ＩＦＧ）、２型糖尿病（ＤＭ）患者,用稳态模式评估法评价胰岛素抵抗及胰岛β细胞基础功能（ＨＯＭＡ－βｃｅｌｌ）并用糖负荷３０分钟净增胰鸟争增葡萄糖（△ｉ３０／△Ｇ３０）比值评价早期胰 岛素分泌反应。结果校正年龄,性别、体重指数（ＢＭＩ）、     

2型糖尿病患者骨钙素与肿瘤细胞坏死因子及胰岛素水平的关系研究

为探讨糖尿病性骨代谢异常的发病机理，我们对６３例糖尿病患者进行了血清骨钙素（ｏｓｔｅｏａｌａｉｎ，ＢＧＰ）含量测定，并将其与肿瘤细胞坏死因子（ｔｕｍｏｒ ｎｅｃｒｏｓｉｓ ｆａｃｔｏｒ－α，ＴＮＦ－α）和空腹胰岛素（ｉｎｓｕｌｉｎ，Ｉｎｓ）水平作比较，以阐明其之间的关系。 一、对象与方法 １．对象：（１）正常对照组３０例，男１８例，女１２例，均系保健体检者；平均年龄５０．８岁（３８～７６岁）；无其它内分泌代谢疾病，检测１周内未服含高钙、磷食物与药物者。（２）２型糖尿病组６３例，符合１９８５年ＷＨＯ提…     

非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病和糖耐量低减患者的胰岛素敏感性及其相关因素研究

为评价糖耐量异常者的胰岛素敏感性改变及其有关因素，对５７２例非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病（ＮＩＤＤＭ）、６４７例糖耐量低减（ＩＧＴ）和５４３名正常对照者进行了研究。结果显示，空腹血浆胰岛素（ＦＩｎｓ）水平和高胰岛素血症的百分率，在ＮＩＤＤＭ组＞ＩＧＴ组＞正常对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１）。胰岛素敏感性指数（ＩＳＩ）［－ｌｎ（ＦＩｎｓ×空腹血糖）］从大到小的排列顺序为：正常对照组、ＩＧＴ组，新诊断糖尿病组和原诊断糖尿病组（Ｐ＜０．０１）。各组肥胖者的ＩＳＩ小于非肥胖者（Ｐ＜０．０１）。单因素相关性分析显示，各组ＩＳＩ与体重指数（ＢＭＩ）呈负相关，与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇呈正相关。糖尿病组和ＩＧＴ组的ＩＳＩ与血压也呈负相关。多元逐步回归分析显示，ＩＳＩ与ＢＭＩ呈负相关，部分与血压、血脂也有相关性。提示糖耐量异常者伴有高胰岛素血症和胰岛素抵抗，ＩＳＩ与血管病变的危险因素有相关性。     

2型糖尿病患者餐后血脂变化与胰岛素和血糖的相关分析

目的 探讨２型糖尿病患者餐后血脂变化及其与胰岛素和血糖的关系。方法 测定６０例２型糖尿病患者空腹及餐后２ｈ血脂、载脂蛋白、胰岛素（Ｉｎｓ）及血糖（ＰＧ）,并与３０例正常人作对照。结果 （１）糖尿病组与正常组比较表明,空腹及餐后２ｈＰＧ、Ｉｎｓ、甘油三脂（ＴＧ）无显著增高（Ｐ〈０．０５）;高密度脂蛋白（ＨＤＬ）及载脂蛋白Ａ１／载脂蛋白Ｂ１００（ａｐｏＡ、／ａｐｏＢ１００）比值均显著降低（Ｐ〈０．０５     

减少样本数的Bergman最小模型技术在胰岛素抵抗综合征中？…

目的 研究单纯性肥胖、糖耐量减退（ＩＧＴ）和２型糖尿病（ＤＭ）患者胰岛素抵抗的发病机制。方法 用减少样本数的Ｂｅｒｇｍａｎ最小模型技术结合多样本静脉葡萄糖耐量试验分别测定正常人、单纯性肥胖、ＩＧＴ和２型ＤＭ患者胰岛素敏感性指数（ＳＩ）、葡萄糖自身代谢效能（ＳＧ）及胰岛β细胞分泌功能,同时测定体重指数（ＢＭＩ）和腰臀比（ＷＨＲ）。结果 正常组的ＳＩ和ＳＧ均明显高于ＩＧＴ和２型ＤＭ组,但与肥胖组相比,     

生长激素、胰岛素样生长因子与肾脏疾病

生长激素、胰岛素样生长因子与肾脏疾病马骏先，马济民上海第二医科大学附属新华医院内科（２０００９２）生长激素（ｇｒｏｗｔｈｈｏｒｍｏｎ，ＧＨ）、胰岛素样生长因子（ｉｎｓｕｌｉｎ－ｌｉｋｅｆａｃｔｏｒ，ＩＧＦ）ＩＧＦ属胰岛素多肽激素家族，于１９５０年末发...     

用改进的最小模型对糖耐量减退和Ⅱ型糖尿病患者胰岛素抵…

用改进的最小模型分别对正常人，ＩＧＴ（糖耐量减退）和ＮＩＤＤＭ（Ⅱ型糖尿病）患者进行胰岛素敏感指数（ＳＩ）、胰岛素自身代谢效能（ＳＧ）及胰岛β细胞功能分析。结果表明：改进的最小模型与标准的最小模型相比较，两种方法对评估ＳＩ和ＳＧ有高度的相关性。     

Relationship between proinsulin and beta cell function in different states of glucose tolerance

To measure proinsulin concentrations in different states of glucose tolerance and examine the relationship between proinsulin and beta cell function. Serum true insulin (TI), proinsulin (PI), immunoreactive insulin (IRI), C peptide (CP) and blood glucose (BG) levels were measured in the fasting state and during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in 32 individuals with normal glucose tolerance (NGT), 42 individuals with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and 54 individuals with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus. All participants were also subdivided into nonobese [body mass index (BMI) <25?kg/m²] and obese (BMI ??25?kg/m²) subgroups. The levels of TI, PI, IRI and CP were higher in obese patients compared with the corresponding NGT subgroup, whereas there was no difference in PI/TI. The levels of IRI, PI and PI/TI were higher in nonobese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus than in the corresponding NGT subgroup. The levels of PI and TI increased in obese patients with NGT and IGT, whereas PI/TI did not change. In contrast, PI increased but TI did not in subjects with newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus, which led to an increase in PI/TI, and a decrease in beta cell function. Therefore, PI and the PI/TI ratio could offer markers for beta cell dysfunction in DM.     

Insulin‐secretion capacity in normal glucose tolerance,impaired glucose tolerance,and diabetes in obese and non‐obese Japanese patients

Aims/Introduction: Pronounced reduction of insulin secretion in response to a rise in glucose level has been reported in Japanese patients compared with Caucasian patients, but the mean body mass index (BMI) is also lower in Japanese patients. As BMI is a determinant of insulin secretion, we examined insulin‐secretion capacity in obese and non‐obese Japanese patients. Materials and Methods: Using the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), we estimated the insulin‐secreting capacity in obese (BMI ≥ 25) and non‐obese (BMI < 25) Japanese patients, including 1848 patients with normal glucose tolerance (NGT), 321 patients with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and 69 diabetes (DM) patients. Results: The insulinogenic index (I.I.), calculated by dividing the increment in serum insulin by the increment in plasma glucose from 0 to 30 min during OGTT, decreased from NGT to IGT and to DM in patients with and without obesity. In patients with NGT, IGT and DM, the I.I. values of obese patients were higher than those of the non‐obese patients. The peak of insulin concentration in OGTT appeared at 60 min in NGT and at 120 min in IGT in both obese and non‐obese patients, but in DM it was observed at 120 min in obese patients and at 60 min in non‐obese patients. Conclusions: These results show that early‐phase insulin secretion in obese Japanese patients is higher than in non‐obese patients in all stages of glucose tolerance, and delayed insulin‐secretion capacity is also conserved in obese Japanese patients, even in IGT and DM, which is similar to Caucasian patients. (J Diabetes Invest, doi: 10.1111/j.2040‐1124.2011.00180.x , 2011)     

肥胖者胰岛素分泌功能对糖耐量低减及糖尿病发生的影响

目的　探讨肥胖者胰岛素分泌变化对糖耐量低减 (IGT)及糖尿病 (DM)发生的影响。　方法　对 30例单纯性肥胖 [体重指数 (BMI) >2 7]患者进行血糖和胰岛素测定 ,并观察胰岛细胞分泌指数 (HOMA- IS)及胰岛素敏感性指数 (IAI) ,并对这些患者进行 15年随访。　结果　肥胖者空腹胰岛素 (FINS)水平明显高于正常人 (P <0 .0 1) ,与 HOMA - IS明显的正相关 (P <0 .0 1) ;空腹血糖(FPG)与 HOMA- IS及 IAI呈明显的负相关 (P<0 .0 1)。15年内 6 3.3%的肥胖者发展成 IGT,5 0 .0 %的肥胖者及发展成 IGT者发展为 2型 DM。　结论　肥胖对 IGT及糖尿病的发生、发展有着明显的影响 ,控制体重是减少 IGT发生的重要环节。     

Effects of low intensity exercise therapy on early phase insulin secretion in overweight subjects with impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes mellitus

This study was designed to evaluate effects of exercise therapy on early phase insulin secretion in overweight subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). The subjects consisted of overweight subjects with normal glucose tolerance (NGT, n=10), IGT (n=10) and DM (n=10) (age: 51.1+/-8.2, 56.3+/-8.8 and 58.5+/-6.2 years, respectively). All of these patients performed exercise therapy at lactate threshold intensity for 12 weeks. Before intervention, area under the glucose curve (AUC(PG)) was higher in DM, IGT and NGT groups, and area under the insulin curve (AUC(IRI)) and the early phase insulin secretion as calculated by insulinogenic index was higher in the NGT group than in either the IGT or DM groups (p<0.05). After exercise therapy, the insulin sensitivity, AUC(PG) and AUC(IRI) improved in three groups (p<0.05, respectively). The insulinogenic index increased in IGT and DM groups (p<0.05, respectively), but the changes in the insulinogenic index showed no significant differences between IGT and DM groups. These results suggest that the ss-cell function in subjects with IGT and DM could therefore improve after exercise therapy. Moreover, AUC(PG), AUC(IRI) and insulin sensitivity were also improved no relation to NGT, IGT and DM.     

Pathophysiologic heterogeneity in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Korean subjects

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical characteristics and predisposing metabolic abnormalities in the development of glucose intolerance and diabetes mellitus in obese and non-obese Korean subjects. METHODS: Four hundred Korean subjects were classified into five groups according to degree of glucose tolerance by OGTT: NGT, IGT alone, IFG alone, IFG+IGT, and DM. The groups were also subdivided into obese and non-obese group according to body mass index. Insulin resistance was assessed by using homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-R), and insulinogenic index was used as an index of early-phase insulin secretion. RESULTS: Impaired early-phase insulin secretion was seen in non-obese IGT alone, IFG alone, and IFG+IGT, though more profound secretory defects were noted in IFG+IGT and DM. No significant difference were found in HOMA-R among non-obese IGT alone, IFG alone, or IFG+IGT, or in terms of early-phase insulin secretion in obese IGT alone, IFG alone, or IFG+IGT. However, the magnitude of insulin resistance differed in the obese group, IFG+IGT and DM being more insulin resistant than IGT alone or IFG alone. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that the predisposing metabolic abnormality in non-obese subjects with IGT alone or IFG alone and in progression to IFG+IGT might be deterioration of early phase insulin secretion, whereas insulin resistance might be the major contributory factor in obese subjects. The predisposing metabolic abnormality leading to diabetes in both obese and non-obese groups was deterioration of early-phase insulin secretion.     

Pancreatic polypeptide response to oral glucose load in patients with liver cirrhosis--interrelationship between PP and other pancreatic endocrine hormones

The purpose of the present study was to elucidate the interrelationship between pancreatic polypeptide (PP) and other pancreatic endocrine hormones. For this purpose, a radioimmunoassay (RIA) system of plasma PP was established and the changes in plasma PP, plasma immunoreactive insulin (IRI), plasma C-peptide reactivity (CPR) and plasma immunoreactive glucagon (IRG) following oral administration of glucose were examined in ten normal subjects and twenty-five patients with liver cirrhosis. Patients with liver cirrhosis were classified into a normal glucose tolerance group (NGT), an impaired glucose tolerance group (IGT), and a diabetes mellitus group (DM) on the basis of the glucose tolerance curves obtained after the oral administration of glucose. In the IGT and DM groups, fasting plasma PP levels were significantly elevated when compared with those in the control and NGT groups. Also oral administration of 75g glucose elicited an exaggerated rise in plasma PP in the IGT and DM groups when compared with the response in the control and NGT groups. On the other hand, PP response to glucose in the NGT group was similar to that in the control group. Plasma IRI increased markedly before and after oral administration of glucose in the IGT and DM groups when compared with the control groups. In these patients, plasma levels of CPR almost paralleled those of IRI. No significant difference was noted between the NGT group and the control group with regard to plasma IRI and CPR levels before and after oral glucose loading. Accordingly, insufficient insulin action was considered to exist in the IGT and DM groups. This insufficiency in insulin action was expressed in terms of the indices of increase in plasma IRI and CPR, delta IRI/delta BS and delta CPR/delta BS, which corresponded to the elevated blood glucose levels, being significantly lower in the IGT and DM groups than in the control and NGT groups 30 minutes after oral administration of glucose. No significant difference was noticeable between the NGT group and control group with regard to these indices. In the patients with liver cirrhosis, the delta PP value, obtained by subtracting the plasma PP level during fasting from the PP level 30 minutes after oral glucose loading, was inversely correlated with the values of both delta IRI/delta BS and delta CPR/delta BS.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)     

2型糖尿病患者血管紧张素Ⅱ与胰岛β细胞分泌功能的关系探讨

目的 探讨不同糖耐量状态下血管紧张素Ⅱ与胰岛β细胞分泌功能的关系.方法 新诊断2型糖尿病患者42例(DM组)、空腹血糖受损/糖耐量受损者38例(IFG/IGT组)、正常对照者40名(NGT组)行静脉葡萄糖耐量试验,ELISA法测定空腹血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ)及脂联素水平.计算急性胰岛素分泌反应(AIR3-10)、第一时相(0～10min)胰岛素分泌曲线下面积(AUCⅠ)及峰值浓度、第二时相(10～120min)胰岛素分泌曲线下面积(AUCⅡ)、稳态模型评估胰岛β细胞功能指数(HOMA-β)及胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR).探讨AngⅡ与AIR3-10、AUCⅠ及峰值浓度、AUCⅡ、脂联素、HOMA-β及HOMA-IR的关系.结果 (1)DM组和IFG/IGT组AngⅡ显著高于NGT组(P＜0.05);DM组和IFG/IGT组AIR3-10、AUCⅠ及峰值浓度、AUCⅡ、脂联素显著低于NGT组(P＜0.05),DM组降低更为显著;(2)AngⅡ与AIR3-10、AUCⅠ及峰值浓度、AUCⅡ、脂联素、HOMA-β呈显著负相关(P＜0.01),与空腹血糖、糖负荷后2 h血糖、空腹胰岛素、HOMA-IR呈正相关(P＜0.05);(3)多元逐步回归分析,AngⅡ与AUCⅠ、AUCⅡ独立相关.结论 AngⅡ为胰岛β细胞分泌功能的独立影响因素.排除血压、体位、药物等因素的影响,高AngⅡ水平可预测2型糖尿病患者胰岛β细胞功能受损及胰岛素抵抗.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the relationship between angiotensin Ⅱ and pancreatic islet β cell secretion function under different glucose tolerance statuses. Method Forty-two patients with newly diagnosed type 2diabetes mellitus ( DM group), 38 subjects with impaired fasting glucose/impaired glucose tolerance ( IFG/IGTgroup) ,and 40 normal control subjects (NGT group) underwent intravenous glucose tolerance test. Fasting plasma angiotensin Ⅱ ( Ang Ⅱ ) and adiponectin were assayed by ELISA. Acute insulin response from 3 to 10 min( AIR3-10 ),the area under the curve( AUCⅠ ) and the peak concentration of the first-phase ( 0-10 min) insulin secretion, the area under the curve of the second-phase( 10-120 min) insulin secretion( AUCⅡ), homeostasis model assessment for β cell function index(HOMA-β) and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance index(HOMA-IR) were calculated to explore the relationship with Ang Ⅱ. Result ( 1 ) The levels of Ang Ⅱ in DM group and IFG/IGT group were significantly higher than that in NGT group( P＜0.05 ). The AIR3-10, AUCⅠ and peak concentration, AUCⅡ ,adiponectin in DM group and IFG/IGT group were significantly lower than those in the NGT group ( P＜0. 05), and these results were more significantly reduced in DM group compared with those in IFG/IGT group. (2) Ang Ⅱ was negatively correlated with AIR3-10, AUCⅠ and the peak concentration, AUCⅡ, adiponectin, HOMA-β ( P＜0. 01 ), and positively correlated with fasting blood glucose,2 h blood glucose after glucose loading, fasting insulin, HOMA-IR (P＜0. 05 ). (3)Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that Ang Ⅱ was independently associated with AUCⅠ and AUCⅡ.Conclusion Ang Ⅱ was an independent factor that affected the insulin secretion function of pancreatic islet βcells. Ruling out the effect of blood pressure, body position, drugs, and other factors, high levels of Ang Ⅱ could predict the dysfunction of pancreatic islet β cell as well as insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes.     

Insulin secretion and sensitivity in non-obese and obese Japanese patients with coronary artery disease

In a cross-sectional study of 240 patients with angiographically documented coronary artery disease (CAD), we investigated whether obese and non-obese subjects differed as to the influence of insulin deficiency and insulin resistance on glucose intolerance and cardiovascular risk. Patients were classified according to a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test as having normal glucose tolerance (NGT), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), or diabetes mellitus (DM). We defined obesity as a body mass index (BMI) exceeding 25 kg/m(2). Early phase insulin secretion (insulinogenic index) declined with worsening glucose intolerance in non-obese (tau = -.216, P <.001; Kendall's correlation coefficient) and obese subjects (tau = -.392, P <.001). Total insulin secretion was higher in obese subjects with NGT or IGT than in controls and decreased in association with worsening glucose intolerance in obese subjects (tau = -.239, P <.001). Insulin sensitivity was calculated by 3 proposed indices. The first of these decreased in association with worsening in glucose tolerance in non-obese subjects (tau = -.137, P <.01). The second showed such a pattern in both groups (non-obese, tau = -.407, P <.001; obese, tau = -.311, P <.001), as did the third (non-obese, tau = -.512, P <.001; obese, tau = -.488, P < 0.001). Because even prediabetic Japanese subjects with CAD showed a latent insulin secretion defect in response to a glucose load, as well as impaired insulin sensitivity, compensatory hyperinsulinemia is not a sensitive indicator of coronary risk.     

Insulin resistance in obese subjects with impaired glucose tolerance. Studies with hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp technique

Insulin resistance is a key factor in the pathogenesis of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and type 2 diabetes and is also associated with greater risk for cardiovascular disease. Insulin resistance is more common in obese individuals and is considered to be the link between obesity and IGT and diabetes. The aim of the present study was to assess insulin resistance in obese subjects with IGT. We examined 57 subjects with marked overweight or obesity (BMI > > 27.8 kg x m-2), 27 with IGT and 30 with normal glucose tolerance (NGT), assessed by an oral glucose tolerance test, according to WHO criteria. Thirty lean (BMI < 25 kg x m-2) healthy subjects served as a control group. Anthropometric and biochemical parameters were measured. Insulin sensitivity was evaluated with hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp technique. Subjects with IGT had higher levels of glucose, insulin, non-esterified fatty acids and glycated hemoglobin than obese with NGT, all those parameters were also higher in both obese groups in comparison to controls. We showed significant differences in insulin sensitivity between the studied groups, an index of the whole-body glucose uptake was decreased in both obese groups in comparison to controls, and it was also lower in IGT than in obese NGT group. We observed marked negative correlations between insulin sensitivity and estimated anthropometric and biochemical parameters. Our study indicates that insulin resistance is an important factor determining a deterioration of glucose tolerance in subjects with overweight and obesity.