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This study examined symptom judgments made by medical students of hypothetical chronic low back pain patients. Eight vignettes were varied as to the pain intensity reported by the hypothetical patient (low vs. moderate vs. high vs. very high) and the availability of medical evidence supportive of the pain report (present vs. absent). Ninety-five subjects read vignettes and made judgments of patient emotional distress, pain intensity, and pain-related disability. Subjects significantly discounted pain level when intensity was high but slightly augmented pain level when intensity was low. Judgments of pain and disability were higher for patients for whom medical evidence was present compared to those for whom it was absent. The results support and extend previous research on the effects of situational and patient variables on observer pain judgments. Future research should examine the influence of these biasing variables on the assessment and treatment of chronic pain patients. 相似文献
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C. Ramírez-Maestre R. Esteve G. Ruiz-Párraga L. Gómez-Pérez A. E. López-Martínez 《International journal of behavioral medicine》2017,24(2):239-248
Purpose
This study investigated the role of anxiety sensitivity, resilience, pain catastrophizing, depression, pain fear-avoidance beliefs, and pain intensity in patients with acute back pain-related disability.Method
Two hundred and thirty-two patients with acute back pain completed questionnaires on anxiety sensitivity, resilience, pain catastrophizing, fear-avoidance beliefs, depression, pain intensity, and disability.Results
A structural equation modelling analysis revealed that anxiety sensitivity was associated with pain catastrophizing, and resilience was associated with lower levels of depression. Pain catastrophizing was positively associated with fear-avoidance beliefs and pain intensity. Depression was associated with fear-avoidance beliefs, but was not associated with pain intensity. Finally, catastrophizing, fear-avoidance beliefs, and pain intensity were positively and significantly associated with acute back pain-related disability.Conclusion
Although fear-avoidance beliefs and pain intensity were associated with disability, the results showed that pain catastrophizing was a central variable in the pain experience and had significant direct associations with disability when pain was acute. Anxiety sensitivity appeared to be an important antecedent of catastrophizing, whereas the influence of resilience on the acute back pain experience was limited to its relationship with depression.5.
陈华 《国际中华应用心理学杂志》2006,3(2):160-162
目的探讨警察的心理控制源与其心理健康状况之间的关系。方法对某市112名干警进行了症状自评量表(SCL-90)和成人内—外控制量表(ANSHE)的调查。结果干警的心理健康各因子得分除人际敏感外,均高于国内常模,并具有统计学显著性;心理控制源与心理健康各因子之间呈正相关,也具有统计学显著性。结论心理控制源与警察的心理健康状况存在相关关系,心理控制源在一定程度上影响着警察的心理健康。 相似文献
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《Journal of clinical child and adolescent psychology》2013,42(3):217-224
We compared stress, locus-of-control, and role-satisfaction indices in clinic and control mothers. Participants were 67 mothers of children 2 to 10 years old. Twenty clinic-referred mothers had behavior problem children; 47 control mothers had relatively well-behaved children. Mothers completed the Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory, the Parenting Stress Index, the Parental Locus of control Scale, the Cleminshaw-Guidubaldi Parent Satisfaction Scale, a demographic inventory, and a consent form. Clinic mothers indicated higher levels of parenting stress, more external locus of control, and less satisfaction in their parental role than control mothers. The results support the advisability of pretreatment assessment of such parental variables to aid the development of more effective treatment strategies for children with problems. 相似文献
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Rachel Ruffin Gail Ironson May Ann Fletcher Elizabeth Balbin Neil Schneiderman 《International journal of behavioral medicine》2012,19(4):512-517
Background
Health Locus of Control (HLOC) has been related to a number of psychosocial and medical variables in previous research in HIV. However, there is little information about its relationship to disease status, or about the Doctors subscale (DHLOC), in this population.Purpose
The main purpose of the present study was to determine whether HLOC beliefs were related to ??healthy survival with AIDS?? status, and to do so with the DHLOC subscale in addition to the other HLOC subscales.Method
Two HIV-positive groups, healthy survivors (HS; n?=?70) who had experienced an asymptomatic period of ??9?months despite low CD4 cells (<50) without the aid of protease inhibitors and a matched control group (MC; n?=?70) of individuals in the mid-range of disease progression were compared on the HLOC scales. Several factors were examined as potential mediators.Results
The HS group had significantly higher DHLOC and lower Internal HLOC (IHLOC) than the MC group. Both DHLOC and IHLOC contributed unique variance in relationship to HS status. These findings were not due to group differences in age, gender, ethnicity, income, education, sexual orientation, or HIV viral load.Conclusions
HLOC may contribute to the particular psychosocial profile of this relatively ??rare?? group of HIV-positive individuals who remained asymptomatic despite very low CD4 cells. Higher DHLOC and lower IHLOC beliefs may be adaptive for HIV-positive individuals at an advanced stage of disease progression, and therefore modifying HLOC beliefs may be a worthwhile focus of future interventions. 相似文献8.
The Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scale was administered in conjunction with a back care program offered to staff at a psychiatric hospital (N = 82). Validity and reliability of the alternate forms were examined, as was the addition of Forms A and B. The factor structure failed to replicate the original multidimensional construct; hence, suggestions are made to return to the earlier internal/external model and to add the alternate forms to increase reliability. 相似文献
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Wilson Dawn K.; Williams Zondrah L.; Arheart Kristopher; Bryant Elaine S.; Alpert Bruce S. 《Journal of pediatric psychology》1994,19(6):769-778
Examined the effects of race, sex, health locus of control (HLC),and the interactions of these variables on cardiovascular reactivityin 214 children. Participants completed the MultidimensionalHLC scales for children. Systolic and diastolic blood pressureswere measured at rest and during a reactivity task. Black boyshad significantly higher scores on the powerful others (externalHLC) subscale (p < 0.01) than white boys and girls. Furthermore,black boys showed greater systolic blood pressure reactivitywhen they were low on internality (vs. high) as compared tothe other race-sex groups. Social and cultural factors may explainthese differential findings across race and sex. 相似文献
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Dr Michael F. Fleming MD MPH Dr Kristen L. Barry PhD 《Behavioral medicine (Washington, D.C.)》2013,39(1):25-30
Abstract This study examined differences between alcoholics and nonalcoholics in a primary care population on the internal, chance, and powerful others sub-scales of the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scale (MHLC). Two hundred eighty subjects were divided into four groups (alcoholics with a family history of alcoholism, alcoholics with no family history of alcoholism, nonalcoholics with a family history of alcoholism, and nonalcoholics with no family history of the disease) based on DSM-III criteria for alcoholism and a family history of alcoholism. There were no differences between groups on the internal and powerful others scales. Nonalcoholics with a family history of alcoholism scored significantly lower on the chance scale than did alcoholics with a family history of the disease. 相似文献
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目的研究焦虑症患者的心理控制源和应付方式特点,并探讨二者的关系。方法采用内控性、有势力的他人及机遇量表(IPC)和应付方式问卷(Cop ing S ty le Scale)对32例焦虑症患者进行评定并进行统计分析。结果①描述性统计分析结果显示,焦虑症患者的机遇心理控制源得分最高(3.48±0.82)分,其次是内控、有势力他人分别为(3.13±0.72)分和(3.04±1.02)分;②描述性统计分析结果显示,幻想、自责的应付方式得分最高分别为(0.69±0.20)分和(0.63±0.25)分,求助、合理化、解决问题的应付方式得分最低[分别为(0.43±0.16)分、(0.45±0.18)分和(0.55±0.29)分];③相关分析结果显示,焦虑症患者心理控制源与应付方式呈显著相关(P<0.05);④线性回归分析结果显示,机遇心理控制源对成熟应付方式具有显著的负向预测效果(F=4.743,P<0.01),有势力他人心理控制源对不成熟应对方式具有显著的正向预测效果(F=7.121,P<0.01),内控性和机遇心理控制源对混合型应对方式具有显著的正向预测效果(F=16.741,P<0.001)。结论焦虑症患者面临应激事件时倾向于采用不成熟的应付方式,这与其心理控制源有密切联系。 相似文献
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大学生健康心理控制源、自我效能与健康行为研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的探讨大学生健康心理控制源、自我效能与健康行为的关系,为促进大学生健康行为教育提供依据。方法采用多维度健康状况控制源量表(MHLC)、自我效能量表(GSES)、健康行为量表(RHBC)对867名大学生进行测量。结果1内控因子与健康行为各因子呈显著正相关(P0.01),有势力的他人因子与健康实践行为呈显著正相关,机遇因子与认知-情感行为呈显著负相关(P0.01)。自我效能与健康行为各因子呈显著正相关(P0.01);2健康心理控制源各因子及自我效能对健康行为回归效应显著(P0.01);3健康心理控制源、自我效能均存在显著的性别差异(P0.05)。结论大学生健康心理控制源及自我效能对大学生健康行为存在预测作用。 相似文献
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目的探讨民族院校新生心理控制源与心理健康的关系。方法对921名民族院校新生施测多维-多向归因量表(MM CS)、心理卫生症状自评量表(SCL-90)。结果①民族院校新生心理健康水平在强迫症状、焦虑、恐怖、偏执、精神病性因子上明显高于全国常模(P0.001);②在民族变量上焦虑(F=3.549,P0.01),敌对(F=3.803,P0.01),附加(F=4.351,P0.01),偏执(F=2.391,P0.05),强迫症状(F=3.023,P0.05),躯体化(F=2.460,P0.05),总分(F=3.169,P0.05)等因子上存在显著差异,而在精神病性、恐怖、抑郁、人际关系敏感因子上差异不显著。文理分类效应只在恐怖(F=5.071,P0.05)和附加(F=4.271,P0.05)因子上差异显著;③在心理控制源方面民族院校新生在心理控制源外控得分(F=6.056,P0.05)和总分(F=4.832,P0.05)上的文理分类×性别交互效应显著,其他效应差异不显著;④心理控制源与SCL-90各因子相关显著(P0.01)。结论民族院校新生心理健康情况较差,心理健康状况与心理控制源有密切关系。 相似文献
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目的探究军队女性医护人员控制点、应对方式与心理健康水平之间的关系。方法采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)、内控与外控型人格测试和简易应付方式量表对300名现役女性医护人员进行测查。结果军队女性医护人员强迫(t=17.296,P<0.01)、人际敏感(t=6.321,P<0.01)、焦虑(t=33.295,P<0.01)、恐怖(t=27.683,P<0.01)、偏执(t=20.294,P<0.01)5个因子显著高于军人常模。控制点与恐怖因子呈显著正相关(r=0.168),分别与强迫、抑郁、焦虑因子呈显著负相关(r=-0.129,-0.142,-0.121);消极应对与偏执因子呈显著正相关(r=0.134);积极应对分别与躯体化、人际关系敏感、敌意、恐怖、神精病性5个因子呈显著负相关(r=-0.129,-0.330,-0.202,-0.122,-0.243)。结论军队女性医护人员心理健康部分因子显著高于军人常模水平,存有明显的不良心理;控制点、应对方式是影响心理健康水平的因素。 相似文献
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目的了解乳腺癌患者的抑郁情绪,探讨乳腺癌患者的抑郁情绪、心理控制源和认知态度的相互关系。方法采用抑郁自评量表(SDS)、功能失调性态度问卷和内控性、有势力的他人及机遇量表(IPC)作为调查工具,对从某市级医院肿瘤科病人中随机抽取的42例乳腺癌患者进行测量并收集收据,用SPSS 16.0对数据进行相关分析。结果①42例乳腺癌患者中有不同程度抑郁心理的14例(33.33%);②乳腺癌患者抑郁与机遇(C)和有势力的他人(P)有显著正相关(t=0.232,P<0.05),乳腺癌患者抑郁与功能失调性态度问卷的大部分因子有显著的正相关;③乳腺癌患者的心理控制源量表中机遇(C)和有势力的他人(P)两因子与功能失调性态度问卷的大部分维度有显著的正相关。结论乳腺癌患者有比较明显的抑郁情绪。乳腺癌患者的抑郁情绪与其心理控制源、认知态度有关。乳腺癌患者的心理控制源是影响认知态度的重要因素。 相似文献
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慢性疼痛患者的个性特征及心理健康状况分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
孙丽娟 《中国健康心理学杂志》2004,12(5):342-343
目的 探讨慢性疼痛患者的个性特征及心理健康状况,从而为临床心理干预提供参考依据。方法 采用卡特尔16项人格特质测验问卷(16-PF)、症状自评量表(SCL-90)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)对43例慢性疼痛患者进行调查,并与40例正常者进行对照。结果 慢性疼痛患者16-PF测试结果;在I-敏感性、O-忧虑性、Q4-紧张性及次级人格因子X1(适应与焦虑)得分高于对照组,在A-乐群性、C-稳定性、F-兴奋性及次级人格因子Y2(心理健康)低于对照组,两组相比差异显著(P<0.05-0.01)。在SCL-90总分阳性项目分、躯体化、焦虑、抑郁、人际关系及SAS、SDS得分与对照组相比,差异有显著性(P<0.05-0.01)。结论 慢性疼痛患者在人格特征上与正常人相比有显著的偏差,并有明显的心理障碍,因此,对慢性疼痛的治疗,在排除器质性疾病的前提下,纠正不良的个性及心理治疗十分重要。 相似文献
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S. Ermakov I. Malkin M. Keter E. Kobyliansky G. Livshits 《Annals of human genetics》2008,72(4):510-518
Osteoporosis is characterized by reduced bone strength. Bone size and bone mineral density (BMD) are major bone strength determinants. Identification of genes affecting the variability of these traits should improve prognosis and management of osteoporosis. This research was aimed to test the hypothesis of association of radiographic hand bone length (BL) and BMD with polymorphisms in the RUNX2 locus.
Four SNPs linked to the two RUNX2 promoters were genotyped in 212 nuclear Caucasian families. These SNPs and four pairwise haplotypes were tested for association with eight BL and BMD traits, adjusted for covariates. We observed significant associations between polymorphisms linked to the RUNX2 P1 promoter and BL mean values for three studied bone groups: all 18 bones, proximal and medial bones (p = 0.0118, 0.0085, and 0.0056, respectively). Mean BMD values for all 18 bones, proximal and medial bones were associated with polymorphisms linked to the RUNX2 P2 promoter (p = 0.0032, 0.0077, 0.0007, respectively). Associations with BL and BMD mean values for medial and proximal bones remained significant even after correction for multiple testing.
This study provides evidence of the association between polymorphisms linked to the two RUNX2 promoters and variability of hand BL and BMD. The results suggest independent roles for the two RUNX2 promoters in the determination of the traits studied. 相似文献
Four SNPs linked to the two RUNX2 promoters were genotyped in 212 nuclear Caucasian families. These SNPs and four pairwise haplotypes were tested for association with eight BL and BMD traits, adjusted for covariates. We observed significant associations between polymorphisms linked to the RUNX2 P1 promoter and BL mean values for three studied bone groups: all 18 bones, proximal and medial bones (p = 0.0118, 0.0085, and 0.0056, respectively). Mean BMD values for all 18 bones, proximal and medial bones were associated with polymorphisms linked to the RUNX2 P2 promoter (p = 0.0032, 0.0077, 0.0007, respectively). Associations with BL and BMD mean values for medial and proximal bones remained significant even after correction for multiple testing.
This study provides evidence of the association between polymorphisms linked to the two RUNX2 promoters and variability of hand BL and BMD. The results suggest independent roles for the two RUNX2 promoters in the determination of the traits studied. 相似文献
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目的:探讨应对方式在大学生心理控制源和学校适应间的中介作用。方法:采用问卷调查法,运用内控性、有势力的他人及机遇量表(IPC)、简易应对方式问卷和中国大学生学校适应问卷对523名大学生进行调查。结果:1大学生心理控制源、应对方式和学校适应三者间两两显著相关。2积极应对在内控性与学校适应间有部分中介作用;消极应对在机遇与学校适应间有完全中介作用;消极应对在有势力的他人与学校适应间有完全中介作用。结论:心理控制源和应对方式都是影响学校适应的重要因素,应对方式在心理控制源中起中介作用。 相似文献