血管缝合器在老年PCI患者中的应用评价

目的 本文对331例经股动脉行冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI）后,应用血管缝合器缝合股动脉,评价老年PCI患者术后采用血管缝合器止血的有效性和安全性。方法 PCI术后采用血管缝合器缝合股动脉331例。老年组（≥65岁）211例,平均年龄74.0±5.1岁;对照组（〈65岁）120例,平均年龄55.4±5.8岁。观察两组间的血管缝合成功率、血管并发症的发生率。结果 两组共331例,缝合成功310例,总成功率93.7%。其中老年组211例,缝合成功194例（占91.9%）;对照组120例,缝合成功116例（占96.7%）,两组间的缝合成功率比较无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,血管并发症两组间也无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论 老年PCI患者术后使用血管缝合器是安全的,并能有效预防出血并发症,建议在老年PCI病人中推广使用。     

冠状动脉介入术后血管缝合的血管并发症分析

目的 分析冠状动脉介入术后Angioseal血管缝合器机械止血和人工压迫止血的血管并发症发生率。方法 947例冠状动脉介入诊治病例，179例术后使用Angioseal血管缝合器止血（机械组），另外768例进行人工压迫止血（人工组），比较二组的止血时间、制动时间和血管并发症发生率。结果 机械组显著缩短止血时间和制动时间(P<0.01)，但其与人工组的血管并发症发生率差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论 使用Angioseal血管缝合器能显著缩短止血时间和制动时间，但不能减少股动脉穿刺并发症的发生率，不推荐介入术后常规使用机械止血装置。     

冠状动脉介入术后血管缝合器的血管并发症分析

目的分析冠状动脉介入术后Angioseal血管缝合器机械止血和人工压迫止血的血管并发症发生率。方法947例冠状动脉介入诊治病例，179例术后使用Angioseal血管缝合器止血（机械组），另外768例进行人工压迫止血（人工组），比较二组的止血时间、制动时间和血管并发症发生率。结果机械组显著缩短止血时间和制动时间（P〈0．01），但其与人工组的血管并发症发生率差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论使用Angioseal血管缝合器能显著缩短止血时间和制动时间，但不能减少股动脉穿刺并发症的发生率，不推荐介入术后常规使用机械止血装置。     

Perclose血管缝合器在老年患者冠状动脉介入治疗中的临床应用

目的评价Perclose血管缝合器在老年冠状动脉介入治疗患者中使用的安全性和可行性。方法将110例接受冠状动脉介入治疗的老年患者随机分为Perclose血管缝合器组(Perclose组)与人工按压组。观察Perclose血管缝合器的成功率与术后并发症的发生率。结果Perclose组止血成功率为96%,无并发症发生。人工按压组有2例血肿,1例假性动脉瘤发生。结论Perclose血管缝合器在老年患者介入治疗中使用有良好的可行性和安全性。     

冠状动脉介入术应用血管缝合器的护理观察

目的研究分析冠状动脉介入术应用血管缝合器的护理效果。方法选取2014年6月~2015年6月在我院进行经皮冠状动脉介入治疗术后运用血管缝合器止血的患者80例作为研究对象,将其随机分为常规组和研究组,各40例。常规组患者给予传统护理,而研究组患者给予全面优质护理,对比两组并发症发生情况以及护理满意度。结果研究组患者术后并发症发生率显著少于常规组(P0.05);研究组患者的护理满意度为95%,显著高于常规组的75%(P0.05)。结论对于冠状动脉介入术治疗后采用血管缝合器止血患者,给予全面优质护理,可显著降低并发症发生率,提高护理满意度,降低医患纠纷的发生率,易被患者和家属接受,具有较高的临床应用价值。     

Boomerang封堵器的效果和安全性

目的 探讨新型血管止血装置Boomerang封堵器临床使用的效果和安全性。方法 冠状动脉造影和经皮冠状动脉介入治疗术后病人106例,以Boomerang封堵器止血。分析置入成功率、止血成功率、人工压迫时间、制动时间、外周血管并发症和术后住院时间。结果 置入成功率97.2%,止血成功率94.3%,人工压迫时间在冠状动脉造影组和介入组分别为7.8min和12.2min,卧床时间在冠状动脉造影组和介入组分别为146min和327min,无严重外周血管并发症,轻微外周血管并发症率5.7%,术后住院时间在冠状动脉造影组和介入组分别为1.8d和6.6d。结论 Boomerang封堵器止血效果良好,严重并发症少,可以缩短卧床时间和住院时间。     

血管缝合器的临床使用价值

目的:对比研究应用Perclose血管缝合器与人工压迫止血的效果,评价血管缝合器的疗效、安全性和临床使用价值.方法:486例经股动脉行冠状动脉介入诊治术的患者,术后按是否接受血管缝合器止血分为缝合组(n=228)和常规组(n=258),比较止血时间、制动时间、血管并发症发生率.结果:缝合组操作成功率为97.34%;缝合组较常规组止血时间、制动时间均明显缩短[(5.4±2.2)min比(22.3±8.1)min,P＜0.001;(5.3±2.1)h比(20.5±9.6)h,P＜0.001];血管并发症发生率明显降低(2.63%比6.98%,P＜0.05).结论:冠状动脉介入诊治术后应用血管缝合器(Perclose)止血是安全、有效的,能明显缩短止血时间和制动时间,减少血管并发症的发生,但费用较昂贵.     

心导管术拔鞘管后应用经皮血管闭合器疗效观察

目的　比较心血管病患者心导管术拔鞘管后采用经皮血管闭合器 (Angio Seal)止血与人工压迫止血的安全性和疗效。方法　 197例心血管病患者在行心导管术后 ,分为人工压迫止血组(99例 ,其中冠状动脉造影 5 5例 ,冠状动脉介入术 4 4例 )和Angio Seal止血组 (98例 ,冠状动脉造影5 4例 ,冠状动脉介入术 4 4例 ) ,分别应用人工压迫止血和Angio Seal止血 ,观察两组止血时间、下床走动时间和血管并发症。结果　Angio Seal止血组与人工压迫止血组相比 ,止血时间与下床走动时间显著缩短。血管并发症发生率两组无显著差异。应用Angio Seal止血的成功率达 96 %。结论　心导管术后应用经皮血管闭合器缩短了止血与下床走动时间 ,并可能减少穿刺点并发症和病人不适感。     

Perclose Proglide血管缝合器在髂动脉显著扭曲患者中的应用

目的回顾性地分析第三代血管缝合器Perclose Proglide在经股动脉行冠状动脉造影时存在显著髂动脉扭曲的患者中的应用。方法 2005年8月至2007年12月期间经股动脉行冠状动脉造影的3760例患者中,入选髂动脉显著扭曲患者共80例,均需用0.038"泥鳅导丝和(或)23cm长鞘才能完成冠状动脉造影术。手术结束时其中35例按产品说明进行血管缝合术,另外45例按传统手工压迫法止血。观察两组间止血成功率、出血血肿、假性动脉瘤及感染发生率的差异。结果行血管缝合术的患者缝合成功率100%,并发血肿2例,术后出血1例,无假性动脉瘤及感染发生,与手工压迫组相比无明显差异。结论对于髂动脉显著扭曲的患者,在冠状动脉造影结束拔鞘止血时,如无使用血管缝合器的其他禁忌,可安全而有效地进行Perclose Proglide血管缝合术。     

经桡动脉途径介入术后的桡动脉作为桥血管用于冠状动脉搭桥术可行性分析

目的评估经桡动脉途径介入术后的桡动脉作为桥血管应用于冠状动脉搭桥术(CABG)的可行性。方法回顾性分析168例应用桡动脉作为桥血管行CABG术患者的临床资料。根据使用是否经桡动脉途径介入术后的桡动脉作为桥血管,将168例患者分为介入组(76例)、非介入组(92例),比较两组患者的随访结果。结果两组患者临床资料比较无统计学差异(P0.05)。与介入组比较,非介入组桡动脉桥血管通畅率显著增高,心肌缺血事件发生率显著降低,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。两组术侧前臂切口感染、拇指麻木、骨筋膜室综合征等桡动脉获取相关并发症发生率无显著差异(P0.05)。结论选择非经桡动脉途径介入术后的桡动脉作为桥血管可提高桥血管通畅率并改善CABG术的临床效果。     

2型糖尿病患者降血糖治疗前后血皮质醇浓度的变化及其临床意义

目的探讨2型糖尿病患者血糖控制前后血皮质醇浓度的变化及其临床意义。方法应用放射免疫法测定76例2型糖尿病患者高血糖状态下及血糖良好控制4个月后晨8时、下午4时和午夜0时的血清皮质醇(F)浓度。结果2型糖尿病各组治疗前、后皮质醇昼夜节律基本存在;高血糖状态下,晨8时、下午4时和午夜0时皮质醇浓度与对照组比较显著升高(P<0.01);血糖良好控制4个月后病程短、无慢性并发症者均恢复至正常范围,病程长、有慢性并发症者皮质醇未能良好恢复。结论2型糖尿病患者一定程度上存在皮质醇分泌功能紊乱,应动态观察其变化。     

Comparison between transcatheter and surgical closure of secundum atrial septal defect in children and adults: results of a multicenter nonrandomized trial

OBJECTIVES: This study sought to compare the safety, efficacy and clinical utility of the Amplatzer septal occluder (ASO) for closure of secundum atrial septal defect (ASD) with surgical closure. BACKGROUND: The clinical utility of a device such as the ASO can only be judged against the results of contemporaneous surgery. METHODS: A multicenter, nonrandomized concurrent study was performed in 29 pediatric cardiology centers from March 1998 to March 2000. The patients were assigned to either the device or surgical closure group according to the patients' option. Baseline physical exams and echocardiography were performed preprocedure and at follow-up (6 and 12 months for device group, 12 months for surgical group). RESULTS: A total of 442 patients were in the group undergoing device closure, whereas 154 patients were in the surgical group. The median age was 9.8 years for the device group and 4.1 years for the surgical group (p < 0.001). In the device group, 395 (89.4%) patients had a single ASD; in the surgical group, 124 (80.5%) (p = 0.008) had a single ASD. The size of the primary ASD was 13.3 +/- 5.4 mm for the device group and 14.2 +/- 6.3 mm for the surgery group (p = 0.099). The procedural attempt success rate was 95.7% for the device group and 100% for the surgical group (p = 0.006). CONCLUSIONS: The early, primary and secondary efficacy success rates were 94.8%, 98.5% and 91.6%, respectively, for the device group, and 96.1%, 100% and 89.0% for the surgical group (all p > 0.05). The complication rate was 7.2% for the device group and 24.0% for the surgical group (p < 0.001). The mean length of hospital stay was 1.0 +/- 0.3 day for the device group and 3.4 +/- 1.2 days for the surgical group (p < 0.001). Mortality was 0% for both groups.The early, primary and secondary efficacy success rates for surgical versus. device closure of ASD were not statistically different; however, the complication rate was lower and the length of hospital stay was shorter for device closure than for surgical repair. Appropriate patient selection is an important factor for successful device closure. Transcatheter closure of secundum ASD using the ASO is a safe and effective alternative to surgical repair.     

Rapid arterial hemostasis and decreased access site complications after cardiac catheterization and angioplasty: Results of a randomized trial of a novel hemostatic device

Objectives. This study was performed to test the safety and efficacy of a novel bioabsorbable hemostatic puncture closure device deployed through an arterial sheath.

Background. Cardiac catheterization procedures are associated with a risk of complications at the arterial access site. Increasing numbers of interventional procedures requiring large sheaths or intense anticoagulation underline the need for occure, rapid methods of obtaining hemostasis at the time of sheath removal.

Methods. We conducted a randomized, multicenter trial in 435 patients undergoing cardiac catheterization or angioplasty at eight participating centers. In 218 patients, hemostasis was achieved using the device (group 1); 217 patients were assigned to the manual pressure control group (group II).

Results. There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics. Time to hemostasis was considerably shorter in group I (2.5 ± 15.2 vs 15.3 ± 11.7 min [mean ± SD], p < 0.0001). The deployment success rate for the device was 96%, and 76% of group I patients experienced immediate (within 1 min) hemostasis. Complication rates were lower in group I for bleeding, hematoma and occurrence of any complication. There was no difference in the small incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation. There was no change in either group in the ankle/brachial systolic blood pressure index. Ultrasound follow-up studies 60 days after device deployment revealed complete absorption of the device in all cases. Subgroup analysis revealed particular benefit in patients undergoing interventional procedures. The administration of heparin was associated with a significantly higher complication rate in the manual pressure control group, whereas heparin had no effect on hemostasis time or complication rates in the device group.

Conclusions. This sheath-deployed, bioabsorbable device provides a safe and effective means of obtaining rapid arterial hemostasis after cardiac catheterization procedures. It appears to be particularly useful in those patients most at risk for access site complications.     

微创经胸室间隔缺损封堵术在婴幼儿中的应用

目的 评价微创经胸室间隔缺损封堵术治疗3岁以下婴幼儿室间隔缺损的疗效和安全性.方法 2008年10月至2010年4月,共425例3岁以下婴幼儿纳入本研究,其中136例采用微创经胸封堵术,289例采用体外循环下心内直视修补术.记录两组患儿的临床信息及随访资料,采用SPSS 11.5软件统计分析.结果 无死亡病例.封堵组134例成功,2例转为修补术,手术组全部成功,成功率差异无统计学意义.两组患儿术后肺动脉压、心胸比和左室舒张末期内径下降率差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）,封堵组手术时间、ICU监护时间、术后住院时间、并发症发生率均明显低于手术组（P＜0.001）,封堵组费用高于手术组（P＜0.05）.结论 微创经胸室间隔缺损封堵术治疗3岁以下婴幼儿室间隔缺损操作简单,疗效确切,安全可靠.     

依达拉奉治疗急性脑梗死合并糖尿病的疗效研究

目的对照观察依达拉奉治疗急性脑梗死合并糖尿病患者的临床疗效及安全性。方法选取急性脑梗死合并糖尿病患者80例,随机分成两组,治疗组用依达拉奉注射液30mg加0.9%氯化钠溶液100ml静脉滴注,2次/d,共14d;对照组不用依达拉奉,其余治疗两组相同。两组基础用药相同：丹参注射液＋拜阿司匹林片。结果治疗第14天,治疗组ESS、MBI评分分别为（73.8±15.9）分、（56.2±26.8）分;对照组ESS、MBI评分分别为（61.4±18.1）分、（47.1±28.9）分,两组比较有显著性差异。治疗组有2例出现肾功能损害,停药后肾功能恢复正常,治疗组、对照组各有1例脑梗死灶内少量出血,不良反应两组比较无显著性差异。结论依达拉奉治疗急性脑梗死合并糖尿病患者安全有效,但原有肾病者使用时需慎重。     

2型糖尿病患者血清可溶性细胞间粘附分子1水平变化及与血管内皮功能的关系

目的研究2型糖尿病患者血清可溶性细胞间粘附分子1水平的变化,并以血浆假性血友病因子水平作为内皮功能损伤的指标,观察细胞间粘附分子1与血管内皮细胞功能损伤之间的关系。方法62例2型糖尿病患者按照有无血管并发症分为无血管病变组(n=19)、微血管病变组(n=20)和大血管病变组(n=23),选择20例健康者作为对照组。应用酶联免疫吸附法检测各组患者血清可溶性细胞间粘附分子1水平和血浆假性血友病因子水平,并测定糖脂代谢指标和尿微量白蛋白水平。结果2型糖尿病患者血清可溶性细胞间粘附分子1水平明显高于健康对照组(P<0.01),在无血管病变组、微血管病变组和大血管病变组的水平逐步升高(P<0.01);血浆假性血友病因子水平在大血管病变组高于微血管病变组,微血管病变组高于无血管病变组(P<0.01),无血管病变组与对照组间无显著性差异。可溶性细胞间粘附分子1与血浆假性血友病因子、甘油三酯、收缩压、舒张压呈正相关(r分别为0.43、0.45、0.52和0.62,P<0.01)。结论细胞间粘附分子1可能参与了2型糖尿病血管病变的发生和发展,可作为早期2型糖尿病患者慢性血管并发症尤其是大血管病变发生的预测及监测指标。     

适合Angioseal封堵器的股动脉穿刺法

目的　探讨使用Angioseal封堵器的股动脉穿刺方法。方法　总结了 80例冠状动脉介入诊疗术后 ,Angioseal封堵器的运用情况 ,将血管穿刺法按血管内口与入皮口的水平距离分为两组 ,两者距离小于 1 5cm为A组 ,大于 1 5cm为B组。观察穿刺成功率、并发症发生率。结果　A组病人成功率较高、并发症较低。结论　采用在腹股沟韧带下方一横指处准确定位穿刺内口 ,在水平距离1 5cm处确定入皮口的穿刺法 ,穿刺成功率高且安全。     

Choice of device size and results of transcatheter closure of atrial septal defect using the amplatzer septal occluder

The impact of device size choice on closure results was analyzed in 138 (101 females, 37 males; age 0.5-84.0 years) consecutive patients who underwent transcatheter closure of the secundum atrial septal defect (ASD) using the Amplatzer septal occluder (ASO). The balloon stretched diameter (SD) of ASD was 19.5 +/- 7.2 mm in 123 patients with single defects, and 20.4 +/- 6.6 mm for the largest defects in 15 patients with multiple ASDs. The difference (delta) between ASO size chosen for closure and the stretched diameter of the defect was calculated and divided into groups: A (delta < -2 mm); B (delta -2.0 to -0.1 mm); C (delta = 0); D (delta 0.1-2.0 mm) and E (delta > 2 mm). The results demonstrated that immediate and 24-hour complete closure rates were significantly higher in patients in groups C and D (P < 0.001). However, at 6-month follow-up, the complete closure rates were similar in patients of groups A-D, while patients of group E had a lower closure rate of 75%. The complication rates were similar in all groups. In conclusion, a choice of a device size identical to or within 2 mm larger than the SD of the defect should be used to maximize the closure rates of ASD using the ASO.     

心率变异评价Ⅱ型糖尿病患者自主神经功能

目的 研究Ⅱ型糖尿病患者心率变异（ＨＲＶ）与自主神经病及心、肾脏器受损的关系。方法 ５７例Ⅱ型糖尿病患者,分３组：单纯糖尿病组２９例,糖尿病合并冠心病组（糖冠组）１７例,糖尿病肾病组（糖肾组）１１例,正常对照组１５例,全部进行心血管反射试验及ＨＲＶ分析。结果 糖尿病患者合并自主神经病变为４５．６％,各组在ＨＲＶ时域指标及非线性定量分析指标上均较对照组降低,以糖肾组最为显著。比较Ｒ－Ｒ间期散点图,对