脂联素基因多态性与2型糖尿病的关系

目的研究脂联素基因单核苷酸多态性(SNP)45T→G和276G→T两个位点与上海地区汉族人2型糖尿病之间的关系.方法采用病例一对照研究方法,以聚合酶链式反应-限制性内切酶长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)技术,对195例2型糖尿病患者和187例正常对照者脂联素基因SNP45、SNP276多态性位点进行基因分型.结果SNP45和SNP267两个多态性位点的基因型和等位基因频率在2型糖尿病组和正常对照组中的分布无显著差异(P＞0.05);各组中TG单倍型纯合携带者(TG/TG)与TG单倍型杂合携带者(TG/X)或未携带者(X/X)的体重指数比较均无显著性差异(P＞0.05).结论脂联素基因的SNP45和SNP276多态性位点与上海地区汉族人群中2型糖尿病无明显相关性.     

海南地区汉族人脂联素基因单核苷酸多态性与2型糖尿病的相关性研究

目的研究脂联素基因单核苷酸多态性（SNP45T→G和SNP276G→T）两个位点与海南地区汉族人2型糖尿病之间的关系。方法采用病例对照研究方法,以聚合酶链式反应—限制性内切酶长度多态性（PCR-RFLP）技术,对106例2型糖尿病患者和58例正常对照者脂联素基因SNP45、SNP276多态性位点进行基因分型。结果SNPS45和SNPS267两个多态性位点的基因型和等位基因频率在2型糖尿病组和正常对照组中的分布差异无统计学意义。各组中TG单倍型纯合携带者（TG／TG）与TG单倍型杂合携带者（TG／X）或未携带者（X／X）的体重指数比较差异均无统计学意义。结论脂联素基因的SNP45和SNP276多态性位点与海南地区汉族人群中2型糖尿病无明显相关性。     

脂联素基因单核苷酸多态性与阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征的关系

目的:探讨脂联素基因单核苷酸多态性(SNP)与阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)之间的关系。方法:采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)方法,分析了南京地区40例正常对照者、78例OSAHS患者脂联素基因的两个单核苷酸多态性(SNP 45,SNP 276)。结果:脂联素SNP 45,SNP 276的多态性分布与OSAHS的发病无直接相关性(P>0.05)。但在OSAHS患者中,携带脂联素基因SNP 276G/G基因型与(G/T T/T)基因型相比:颈围增粗,最长呼吸暂停时间延长,胆固醇升高,低密度脂蛋白增加(P<0.05)。结论:SNP 45,SNP 276的多态性分布与南京地区汉族人群OSAHS的发病无直接相关性,但在OSAHS患者中,携带脂联素SNP 276G/G基因型者与G/T T/T基因型者相比,促使OSAS发展和加重的潜在危险性可能更大。     

脂联素基因多态性与2型糖尿病肾病的关系

目的研究脂联素(APN)基因+45位点与+276位点单核苷酸多态性(SNP)与中国浙江地区汉族人群2型糖尿病肾病(DN)的关系。方法根据尿白蛋白排泄率(UAER)将82例2型糖尿病患者分成糖尿病正常白蛋白尿组、微量白蛋白尿组和大量白蛋白尿组;用直接测序法分析SNP+45和+276两位点基因型和等位基因频率,并分析与其他指标的关系。结果脂联素基因SNP+45和+276两多态性位点的基因型和等位基因频率分别在正常白蛋白尿组、微量白蛋白尿组和大量白蛋白尿组3组间无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论脂联素基因SNP+45T/G和SNP+276G/T与浙江地区汉族人群中2型糖尿病肾病无相关性。这两位点的基因多态性不能预测2型糖尿病肾病的易感性。     

脂联素基因单核苷酸多态性(SNP276)与新疆地区维吾尔族2型糖尿病相关性研究

目的:研究脂联素基因单核苷酸多态性276G→T与新疆地区维吾尔族人2型糖尿病之间的关系。方法:采用1:1病例—对照研究方法,以聚合酶链式反应—限制性内切酶长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)技术,对120例2型糖尿病患者和120例正常对照者脂联素基因SNP276多态性位点进行基因分型,并通过酶联免疫法对样本血清脂联素水平进行检测。结果:病例组血清脂联素水平为(5.03±3.88)ug/ml,正常对照组为(7.20±5.31)ug/ml;病例组与对照组脂联素水平比较差异有统计学意义(p=0.0000)。SNP276多态性位点的基因型频率在病例组和正常对照组中的分布无显著差异,但等位基因频率在两组中的分布有显著差异(p=0.049),三种基因型血清脂联素水平相比,差异有统计学意义(p=0.0000),TT型明显高于GG及GT型;结论:①脂联素基因SNP276多态性位点与新疆地区维吾尔族人群2型糖尿病相关。②病例组与对照组血清脂联素水平比较差异有统计学意义。③SNP276多态性位点与血清脂联素水平明显相关。     

脂联素基因多态性与代谢综合征的相关性研究

目的 探讨脂联素基因多态性与代谢综合征(MetS)的相关性.方法 采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)技术检测脂联素基因单核苷酸多态性位点(SNP)SNP 45和SNP 276在昆明地区代谢综合征患者和正常对照者的分布,从而探讨脂联素基因多态性与代谢综合征的相关性.结果 脂联素基因SNP 45和SNP 276的基因型、等位基因及单倍型频率在代谢综合征组和正常对照组无统计学差异.结论 脂联素基因SNP 45和SNP 276及其单倍型与代谢综合征无相关性.     

飞行人员代谢综合征患者脂联素基因+45和+276位点单核苷酸多态性研究

目的 研究脂联素基因+45和+276位点单核苷酸多态性(SNP)与飞行人员代谢综合征(MS)的相关性. 方法采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)方法检测38名飞行人员MS患者和50名正常健康飞行人员脂联素基因+45和+276位点SNP. 结果脂联素基因SNP+45和+276基因型和等位基因在飞行人员MS组和正常健康对照组差异无统计学意义. 结论脂联素基因SNP+45和+276可能与飞行人员MS无相关性.     

脂联素水平及其基因＋45T/G和＋276G/T与原发性高血压的相关性

目的探讨脂联素（APN）水平及其单核苷酸基因多态性（SNP）＋45T/G和＋276G/T两个位点与原发性高血压（EH）的相关性。方法 238例研究对象分为对照组、原发性高血压组,采用实验-对照研究方法,应用酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）及聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性（PCR-RFLP）技术,对血浆脂联素浓度及脂联素两个位点基因多态性进行检测。结果与对照组相比EH组APN降低（P〈0.05）;EH组SNP＋276T等位基因频率明显升高,多元线性回归分析显示＋276基因多态性为EH危险因素。结论 EH患者APN水平下降,携带＋276T等位基因者患EH的风险增加。     

非酒精性脂肪肝脂联素SNP+45、SNP+276与脂联素水平以及相关指标的相关关系

目的探讨非酒精性脂肪肝脂联素基因SNP+45、SNP+276单核苷酸多态性与非酒精性脂肪肝(NAFLD)相关指标以及血清脂联素(APN)水平的相关关系。方法从2011年新疆克拉玛依地区非酒精性脂肪肝流行病学调查中随机选出符合NAFLD纳入标准的NAFLD组255例,健康对照组405例。采用聚合酶链限制性片段长度多态(PCR-RFLP)方法鉴定APN基因SNP+45、SNP+276核苷酸多态性。结果SNP45G、SNP276G位点的Age、BMI、WHR、SBP、DBP、FBG、AST、TG、CHO、APN、SUA偏高,HDL偏低。SNP45G携带者NAFLD患病率高于TT携带者(41.1%>36.9%),差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);SNP276T突变基因携带者NAFLD患病率低于GG携带者(32.8%<43.5%),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。NAFLD组和对照组人群中SNP+45多态性位点分布为:TT型50.4%和55.3%,GT型43.1和41.5%,GG型6.7%和3.2%;SNP+276多态性位点分布为:TT型9.8%和12.6%,GT型29.4%和37.8%,GG型60.8%和49.6%。两组SNP+45多态性位点基因型频率及等位基因频率的分布差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);NAFLD组SNP+276出现突变基因型的频率明显低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,APN276T等位基因、血清脂联素水平是NAFLD发病的独立保护因素;Age、WC、BMI是NAFLD发病的独立危险因素,而APN45T>G基因多态性与非酒精性脂肪性肝病的发病无相关关系(P>0.05)。结论 APN+276G/T多态性与NAFLD的发生有关,APN276T突变等位基因是NAFLD的独立保护因素;未发现APN+45多态性与NAFLD的发病有关。APN+45、+276多态性影响血清脂联素的表达,携带非突变的45T与突变的276T等位基因的个体血清脂联素水平高。     

脂联素基因多态性与2型糖尿病及胰岛素抵抗相关因素研究

目的：研究脂联素基因单核苷酸多态性（SNP45,SNP276）与2型糖尿病的关系。方法：用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态法（PCR-RFLP）,检测正常对照者和2型糖尿病病人SNP45,SNP276多态性,比较其基因型及等位基因频率,并测定分析其相关生化指标及胰岛素抵抗指数的关系。结果：脂联素基因SNP45在2型糖尿病病人组突变纯合子G/G基因型频率高于正常对照组,正常人SNP45和甘油三脂有关,突变杂合子T/G基因型者比未突变野生T/T基因型者有较高的甘油三脂。脂联素基因SNP276和2型糖尿病、胰岛素抵抗相关因素、HOMEIR指数无关。结论：脂联素基因SNP 45和2型糖尿病、甘油三脂有关,SNP276与2型糖尿病及胰岛素抵抗相关因素、胰岛素抵抗指数无关。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Electro-Acupuncture Combined with the Trigger Point Needle-Embedding for Treatment of Primary Trigeminal Neuralgia in 31 Cases

In recent years, the author of this essay has applied electro-acupuncture combined with the trigger point needle-embedding for treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia in 31 cases, yielding satis- factory results as reported in the following.     

Investigation of Matrix Metalloproteinase -1, 2 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 in Endometriosis

Objective： To explore the role of matrix metalloproteinase-1,2 （MMP-1, MMP-2） and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 （TIMP-1） in endometriosis. Methods： The eutopic and ectopic endometria from 40 subjects suffering from endometriosis and regular.endometria from 40 subjects （excluding endometriosis） were collected and examined by in situ hybridization technology and western blot assay. Results： Both expressions of MMP-1 and -2 were stronger in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium than in normal endometrium. On the contrary, the expression of TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium was lower. The differences were significant （P 〈 0.01 ）. Moreover, there was no relationship among the expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium. Conclusion： The expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 lose balance and lack of periodic changes in ectopic endometrium , which explains the biological invasive behavior of endometriosis. It was suggested-that regulating the balance between the MMPs and TIMP-1 should be an ideal therapeutic target to endometriosis.     

Shi Da-zhuo (史大卓) —An outstanding cardiologist of integrative medicine

Prof. SHI Da-zhuo, Ph.D., male, was born on March 20, 1960. Prof. SHI entered the Ph.D. program in 1990 at the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences under the supervision of Prof. CHEN Ke-ji, majoring in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. After receiving his Ph.D. degree in 1993, Prof. SHI started working at the Cardiovascular Center in Xiyuan Hospital affiliated to China Academy of Chinese Medical sciences.     

Persist in and Carry Forward the Integrative Medical Research——Speech at the 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine by Academician CHEN Zhu,Minister of Ministry of Health

The 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine （CALM） was convened at 19-20, April 2008 in Beijing. Academician CHEN Zhu, the minister of Ministry of Health indicated at the congress that the integration of Chinese and Western medicine is very well in keeping with the situation of our country and the general rule of development in medical science; and as a good integration of Chinese medicine and Western medicine, it is mutually beneficial and advantageous to both of them. Seeing the creativity shown in integrative medical investigation in theoretic and methodological sides, we should and must persist in and develop it.