Minidose技术在双源CT心脏扫描中的初步应用

目的：探讨Minidose技术在双源CT（DSCT）冠状动脉成像及左心室功能分析中的应用价值。方法：45例临床怀疑为冠状动脉心脏病的患者行DSCT冠状动脉成像和超声心动图左心室功能检查。DSCT采用序列扫描模式,总扫描时间窗35％～95％R—R间期,其中40％～70％R-R间期时为全电流输出,数据用于冠状动脉重建,其余间期使用全电流的20％输出,数据用于左心室功能分析。依据美国心脏协会冠状动脉分法,将冠脉图像分为16段,并采用4级法对每段图像质量进行评估。将DSCT检查时测量的左心室射血分数值（LVEF）,并与超声心动图所测得的LVEF值为对照进行统计学分析。结果：40例患者顺利完成DscT冠状动脉成像及超声心动图左心室功能分析。共评价冠状动脉525段,其中可用于诊断的节段占97．53％（512／525）,平均辐射剂量为（3．75±0．89）mSv。DSCT与超声心动图所测得的LVEF值差异无统计学意义（t=-1．61,P=0．12〉0．05）,且两者相关性好（r=0．68）。结论：Minidose技术可以用于DSCT冠状动脉成像兼顾左心室功能分析的“一站式”扫描,冠状动脉图像质量较好,左心室功能分析结果可靠,平均辐射剂量低。     

双源CT和超声心动图评价左心功能的对比研究

目的：探讨双源CT评价左心功能的临床价值。方法：研究对象包括临床拟诊冠心病患者22例。分别采用双源CT和超声心动图测量左心功能。结果：双源CT冠脉造影检查21／22例获得满意图像。22例舒张末期位于90％R—R间期,20／22例收缩末期位于40％R－R间期。双源CT所测射血分数和超声心动图测量结果明显相关（r=0．72）。结论：双源CT冠脉造影检查测量左心功能准确可靠,有望为冠心病患者左心功能评价提供一项新方法。     

双源CT左心室功能分析与超声对比研究

目的 探讨双源CT(DSCT)检查与超声心动图检查在左心室功能评估中的相关性及一致性.方法 选择60例3 d内同时做DSCT冠状动脉造影和超声心动图检查的患者资料,2种检查各测量指标用配对样本t检验及 Blant-Altman分析.结果 2种方法各测量指标均存在显著正相关关系(P＜0.05).除了射血分数(EF)2种检查方法无显著差异(P＞0.05)外,其余各测量指标均存在显著差异(P＜0.05).DSCT左心室舒张末期容积(EDV)、收缩末期容积(ESV)、每搏输出量(SV)值均高于超声心动图检查, 心肌质量(MM)低于超声心动图检查.2种检查方法EF值一致性界限为-19.99%～24.91%,具有较好的一致性.结论 DSCT左室心功能分析与超声检查结果具有较好的相关性及一致性.DSCT在急性心肌梗死预测及左心室功能评估方面具有很大临床应用意义.     

双源CT评价冠状动脉狭窄与左心室功能的临床应用价值

目的 探讨双源CT(dual-source computed tomography,DSCT) 冠状动脉造影评价冠状动脉狭窄程度与左心功能的相关性.方法 收集行DSCT冠状动脉造影检查冠心病患者87例及30例健康体检者,测量冠状动脉狭窄程度、左室舒张末期容积(EDV)、左室收缩末期容积(ESV)、每搏输出量(SV)、射血分数(EF)、心肌质量(MM),并与超声心动图(ECHO)、冠状动脉造影(CAG)作对照分析.结果 ①DSCT与CAG诊断冠状动脉狭窄无显著性差异(P>0.05).②DSCT和ECHO测量EDV、ESV、SV、EF相关性好,DSCT测得值稍大于ECHO,但各指标均无显著性差异(P＞0.05).③ESV、EF、SV 轻度狭窄组与重度狭窄组、中度狭窄与重度狭窄组间存在显著性差异(P<0.05),轻度狭窄组与中度狭窄组间无显著性差异(P>0.05);EDV、MM在轻度、中度、重度狭窄组间存在显著性差异(P<0.05);各指标在正常组和轻度狭窄组间无显著性差异(P>0.05).结论 DSCT冠状动脉造影一站式评估冠状动脉狭窄及心功能具有准确性高、可重复定量测量优势.根据冠状动脉狭窄程度可以初步评估心功能改变,当中度狭窄时,EDV、MM即出现显著改变,当重度狭窄时,各指标均出现显著改变,对心脏病变诊断、治疗监测等具有重要的临床应用价值.     

双源CT不同R-R间期间隔法在定量评估左心功能中的对比研究

目的 探讨双源CT(dual-source CT,DSCT)不同R-R间期间隔重组在测定评估左心功能时有无差异性.资料与方法 对正常组(24名)和冠心病患者组(26例)行DSCT冠状动脉造影,分别以2%、5%及10%R-R间期间隔重组,并测定各间期左室舒张末期容积(EDV)、收缩末期容积(ESV)、每搏输出量(SV)、左室射血分数(EF).对测得的数据行单因素方差分析.结果 以2%、5%及10%R-R间期间隔重组测定左心功能时,各参数间差异无显著统计学意义.结论 以2%、5%及10%R.R间期间隔重组测定左心功能各指标之间的相关性高,临床可以应用10%R-R间期间隔重组测定左心功能,相对方便、快捷、精确.     

双源CT对无症状糖尿病患者冠状动脉病变及左心功能的研究

目的 :利用双源CT冠状动脉造影(DSCTA)探讨无症状糖尿病患者冠状动脉改变,并通过对比超声心动图,探讨DSCT在评价左心功能中的可行性。方法:选取行DSCTA检查患者80例(无症状糖尿病组40例,非糖尿病组40例),对比分析2组冠状动脉粥样硬化分支数目及钙化积分,以及DSCT与超声心动图所测左心室舒张末期容积(EDV)、收缩末期容积(ESV)及射血分数(EF)值。结果:无症状糖尿病组2支、3支病变数及钙化例数均多于非糖尿病组,而单支病变数少于非糖尿病组(均P0.05)。DSCT所测无症状糖尿病组的EDV及ESV值大于非糖尿病组,而EF值小于非糖尿病组(均P0.05)。DSCT所测左心功能各项指标(EDV、ESV、EF)与超声心动图所测数值相关性高,差异均无统计学意义(均P 0.05)。结论:无症状糖尿病患者较非糖尿病患者易发生广泛的冠状动脉粥样硬化,且心功能出现一定程度降低;DSCT能早期发现无症状糖尿病的冠状动脉及左心功能改变,可用于糖尿病患者冠状动脉硬化性心脏病的早期筛查。     

双源CT在主动脉瓣置换术前左心功能评价中的应用

目的:以磁共振成像(MRI)为金标准,用双源CT(DSCT)定量评价左心功能,探讨DSCT在主动脉瓣置换术前左心功能评价中的应用价值.方法:选取临床诊断主动脉瓣病变欲行主动脉瓣置换术的患者21例,全部病例均行DSCT和MRI心功能分析检查.由有经验的2位放射科医生独立进行,结果以均数士标准差表示.两种仪器间测量值应用配对样本t检验及相关分析检验,同一仪器测量值的差异相互关系用组内相关系数描述,P ＜0.05为有统计学意义.结果:DSCT和MRI两种方法测量的心功能指标差异无统计学意义,舒张末期容积(EDV)、收缩末期容积(ESV)、每搏输出量(SV)、左室射血分数(EF)相关性高,r值(EDV)=0.93,r值(ESV)=0.94,r值(SV)=0.89,r值(EF)=0.85.EDV均值:DSCT＞ MRI;ESV均值:DSCT＞ MRI;SV均值:DSCT＞ MRI; EF均值:DSCT＞ MRI.同一仪器三次测量值的差异相互关系(ICC值):MRI测量的EDV、ESV、SV、EF值的ICC值在0.8～1之间;DSCT测量的EDV、ESV、SV、EF值的ICC值在0.6～0.75之间.结论:DSCT在左心室收缩功能定量评价方面准确、可靠,重复性好,并可在不增加放射剂量的前提下,一次DSCT冠状动脉造影检查同时评估冠状动脉狭窄情况和左心室收缩功能,能够为临床主动脉瓣置换术前评估及制订手术方案提供更多重要的参考信息.     

320排CT与二维超声心动图评价冠心病左心功能的初步比较研究

目的探讨320排CT和二维超声心动图对冠心病心功能评价的相关性及320排CT在冠心病左心室功能评价中的价值。资料与方法搜集2009年9月至12月间行320排CT冠状动脉造影检查和二维超声心动图的冠心病患者45例,其中男29例,女16例,平均年龄(64±9)岁。利用冠状动脉CT血管造影(CTA)的原始数据进行多期相重建,在专用心功能分析软件(Vitrea FX)中进行左心功能分析,利用Simpson法计算出左心功能指标:舒张末期容积(EDV)、收缩末期容积(ESV)、每搏输出量(SV)和射血分数(EF)。结果 320排CT与二维超声心动图两种方法的冠心病心功能指标差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),两种方法的冠心病心功能指标:EDV、ESV、SV和EF相关性高,相关系数分别为0.867、0.791、0.723和0.674。结论 320排CT在冠心病左心功能定量评价方面结果准确、可靠,与二维超声心动图测得的心功能指标差异无统计学意义,两种方法各指标间相关性高。320排CT心功能分析与冠状动脉造影检查协议相同,收缩末期和舒张末期图像可以通过回顾性心电门控冠状动脉CTA数据获得,心功能分析包含于冠状动脉检查中,患者无需...     

双源CT Flash模式冠状动脉成像在经皮冠状动脉介入 治疗术后支架内再狭窄与左心室功能诊断价值

目的探讨双源CT(DSCT)Flash模式冠状动脉成像在经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)术后支架内再狭窄(ISR)及左心室功能评估中的诊断价值。方法选取自2018年8月至2019年3月收治的100例PCI术后患者为研究对象。所有患者均行冠状动脉造影(CAG)检查、DSCT Flash模式检查和超声心动图检查,比较DSCT Flash模式与CAG检查方法评估ISR的特异性、敏感性、准确度、阴性预测值及阳性预测值,比较两种检查方法的辐射剂量、造影剂用量和图像质量的差异,比较DSCT Flash模式与超声心动图检查方法的左心室功能参数并分析相关性。结果以CAG诊断结果为对照,DSCT Flash模式诊断ISR的特异性、敏感性、准确度、阴性预测值及阳性预测值分别为95.5%、84.6%、93.5%、96.4%、81.1%。DSCT Flash模式的辐射剂量和造影剂用量低于CAG检查(P<0.05)。两种检测方式图像质量评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。ISR患者近、远端管腔CT密度差值显著高于支架内通畅患者(P<0.05)。DSCT Flash模式检测的收缩末期容积(ESV)、舒张末期容积(EDV)、每搏输出量(SV)和射血分数(EF)与超声心动图检测结果比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。相关性分析显示,DSCT Flash模式检测的ESV、EDV、SV和EF与超声心动图检测结果存在显著相关性。结论通过DSCT Flash模式冠状动脉成像在评价PCI术后ISR及左心室功能上均具有很好的临床价值。     

双源CT冠状动脉成像对冠状动脉狭窄病变的诊断价值

目的：探讨双源CT（dual-source CT,DSCT）冠状动脉检查对冠状动脉狭窄病变的诊断价值.材料和方法：收集2009-05～2009-12 47例1周内同时做DSCT和冠状动脉造影（coronary angiography,CAG）检查的患者的影像学资料.以冠状动脉病变诊断的＂金标准＂CAG检查结果做对比,分析DSCT对冠状动脉病变诊断的准确性.结果：47例中,DSCT显示的冠状动脉节段共有631个,其中595个冠状动脉节段图像显示良好可以进行评估.DSCT诊断冠状动脉狭窄的灵敏度为79.7%（126/158）,特异度为96.3%（421/437）,阳性预测值为88.7%（126/142）,阴性预测值为92.9%（421/453）,正确率为91.9%（547/595）,DSCT与CAG检查具有中度一致性（Kappa=0.668）.DSCT对冠状动脉钙化、小分支病变诊断准确性欠佳.结论：DSCT冠状动脉成像能准确诊断有意义的冠状动脉狭窄病变,可作为临床上怀疑冠心病患者的CAG术前筛查及支架术后随访的首选方法.     

Left ventricular and left atrial dimensions and volumes: comparison between dual-source CT and echocardiography

OBJECTIVES: We sought to determine the agreement for the quantification of cardiac chamber dimensions, volumes, and myocardial mass between dual-source computed tomography (DSCT) and echocardiography. MATERIAL AND METHODS: One-hundred patients underwent DSCT and transthoracal echocardiography within 1 week. Measurements of dimensions were obtained in standardized planes in end-systole and end-diastole and included the anterior-posterior diameter of the left atrium, septal and posterior wall thickness, and inner diameter of the left ventricle. Global left ventricular (LV) functional parameters [end-systolic volume (ESV), end-diastolic volume (EDV), ejection fraction, and LV myocardial mass (LVMM)] were computed using semiautomated software. ESV, EDV, and LVMM were normalized to the body-surface-area (BSA). Intraobserver and interobserver agreement of DSCT analysis was assessed. Correlation between DSCT and echocardiography was tested through linear regression and Bland-Altman analysis. RESULTS: DSCT measurements had an excellent inter- and intraobserver agreement with close limits of agreement (R = 0.85-0.99, P < 0.001). All measurements obtained with DSCT showed a significant correlation with echocardiography, with close limits of agreement between modalities for all parameters. Significant differences of the mean difference from zero were only found for septal and posterior wall thickness (P < 0.001) (with a homogenous underestimation) and for EDV/BSA (P < 0.05) (showing an overestimation) in DSCT compared with echocardiography. No significant directional measurement bias was found for any parameter except for LVMM/BSA (R = 0.24, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that DSCT provides reliable measurements of LV dimensions, volumes, and myocardial mass with similar values as compared with echocardiography.     

双源CT与超声心动图定量评价冠心病左心功能的比较研究

目的:以超声心动图为对照标准,探讨双源CT定量评价左心功能的可行性和准确性及其优势。方法:选取2011年1月～6月冠心病患者58例,其中合并II型糖尿病患者29例。全部病例于3天内行心脏双源CT及超声心动图检查。比较双源CT与超声心动图所测得的左心功能各参数。结果:双源CT和超声心动图所测左心功能各指标EDV、ESV、SV、EF相关性高(r=0.702～0.898),差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两种方法所测冠心病合并II型糖尿病组左心功能指标EDV、ESV值均较非糖尿病组测值高,EF值较低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:两种方法评价左心功能相关性好,双源CT是一种评价左心功能准确可行的方法,一次冠状动脉造影所获得的数据,不但可评价左心功能,还可评价冠脉狭窄情况,无需额外增加对比剂和辐射剂量。     

Quantification of left ventricular function and mass in heart transplant recipients using dual-source CT and MRI: initial clinical experience

The purpose of this study was to compare LV function and mass quantification derived from cardiac dual-source CT (DSCT) exams with those obtained by MRI in heart transplant recipients. Twelve heart transplant recipients who underwent cardiac DSCT and MRI examination were included. Double-oblique short-axis 8-mm slice thickness images were evaluated. Left ventricular ejection fraction, end-diastolic volume, end-systolic volume, stroke volume, cardiac output and myocardial mass were manually assessed for each patient by two blinded readers. A systematic overestimation of all left ventricular volumes by DSCT when compared with MRI was observed. Mean difference was 16.58 +/- 18.61 ml for EDV, 4.9 4 +/- 6.84 ml for ESV, 11.64 +/- 13.58 ml for SV and 5.73 +/- 1.14 l/min for CO. Slightly lower values for left ventricular ejection fraction with DSCT compared with MRI were observed (mean difference 0.34 +/- 3.18%, p = 0.754). Correlation between DSCT and MRI for left ventricular mass was excellent (rho = 0.972). Bland and Altman plots and CCC indicated good agreement between DSCT and MRI left ventricular function and mass measurements. The interobserver correlation was good. In conclusion, DSCT accurately estimates left ventricular ejection fraction, volumes and mass in heart transplant recipients.     

Assessment of left ventricular parameters in orthotopic heart transplant recipients using dual-source CT and contrast-enhanced echocardiography: Comparison with MRI

Objectives

To establish the accuracy and reliability of cardiac dual-source CT (DSCT) and two-dimensional contrast-enhanced echocardiography (CE-Echo) in estimating left ventricular (LV) parameters with respect to cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) as the reference standard.

Methods

Twenty-five consecutive heart transplant recipients (20 male, mean age 62.7 ± 10.4 years, mean time since transplantation 8.1 ± 5.9 years) were prospectively recruited. Two blinded readers independently assessed LV ejection fraction (EF), end-diastolic volume (EDV), end-systolic volume (ESV), and stroke volume (SV) for each patient after manual tracing of the endo- and epicardial contours in DSCT, CE-Echo and CMR cine images. Student's t-test for paired samples for differences, and Bland and Altman plots and Lin's concordance-correlation coefficients (CCC) for agreement were calculated.

Results

There was no statistical difference between left ventricular parameters determined by DSCT and CMR. CE-Echo resulted in significant underestimation of left ventricular volumes (mean difference EDV: 15.94 ± 14.19 ml and 17.1 ± 17.06 ml, ESV: 8.5 ± 9.3 and 7.32 ± 9.14 ml with respect to DSCT and CMR), and overestimation of EF compared with the cross-sectional imaging modalities (3.78 ± 8.47% and 2.14 ± 8.35% with respect to DSCT and CMR). Concordance correlation coefficients for LV parameters using DSCT and CMR were higher (CCC ≥ 0.75) than CCC values observed between CE-Echo and DSCT- or CMR-derived data (CCC ≥ 0.54 and CCC ≥ 0.49, respectively). Interobserver agreement was higher for DSCT and CMR values (CCC ≥ 0.72 and CCC ≥ 0.87, respectively).

Conclusion

In orthotopic heart transplantation cardiac DSCT allows accurate and reliable estimation of LV parameters compared with CMR, whereas CE-Echo seems to be insufficient to obtain precise measurements.     

M型、二维、实时三维超声心动图评价冠心病左室收缩功能的对比研究

目的:探讨M型超声心动图(MME)、二维超声心动图(2DE)、实时三维超声心动图(RT-3DE)在定量评价冠心病患者左室收缩功能(LVSF)的应用价值。方法:分别采用MME、2DE、RT-3DE测量34例冠心病患者左室舒张末期容积(LVEDV)、收缩末期容积(LVESV)、每搏量(SV)和射血分数(EF),并在三种方法间进行比较。结果:MME和2DE两种方法测定的LVEDV、LVESV、SV大于RT-3DE测值,而EF小于RT-3DE测值,MME和2DE两种方法与RT-3DE各测值之间差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。MME、2DE两种方法间差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:RT-3DE能准确评价冠心病患者LVSF状况;MME和2DE高估LVEDV、LVESV、SV,低估EF。     

MSCT在左心室功能及冠脉主干径线测定中的应用价值

目的：探讨MSCT成像技术在左心室功能及冠脉径线测量中的应用价值。方法：对28例临床拟诊冠心病的患者进行回顾性心电门控MSCT心脏扫描，分别对左心室容积、室壁厚度、射血分数和室壁收缩增厚率及左、右冠脉主支内径进行测量，MSCT测得结果与超声心动图和数字减影冠脉造影进行对比。结果：MSCT测得的左心室舒张末期容量(EDV)、收缩末期容量(ESV)、射血分数(EV)、心肌收缩末期厚度(EST)、心肌舒张末期厚度(EDT)及室壁增厚率与超声心动图相关性较好，测量结果MSCT略小于超声心动图，但两者相比无显著性差异。MSCT与数字减影冠脉造影左、右冠脉主支内径的测量值间无显著性差异。结论：MSCT在左心室功能及冠脉主干径线测定中具有很高的临床应用价值。     

Gated myocardial perfusion tomography for the assessment of left ventricular function and volumes: comparison with echocardiography.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate left ventricular volumes and function by gated SPECT using different tracers and protocols in comparison with quantitative echocardiography. Gated myocardial perfusion scintigraphy permits simultaneous assessment of left ventricular perfusion, function and volumes. Information is scanty regarding the accuracy of absolute left ventricular volumes measurements by this technique. METHODS: We performed gated SPECT and echocardiography within 15 d of each other in 109 consecutive patients (53 men, 56 women; mean age 63 +/- 14 y). Gated tomographic data, including left ventricular volumes and ejection fraction, were processed using an automatic algorithm, whereas echocardiography used standard techniques. RESULTS: The correlations between gated tomography and echocardiography with respect to end-diastolic volume, end-systolic volume and left ventricular ejection fraction were good to excellent (all P < 0.001, r values > or = 0.68), regardless of the use of poststress or rest/redistribution images, 201Tl or 99mTc tracers. End-systolic volume was similar with gated tomography and echocardiography (P = ns), but end-diastolic volume and left ventricular ejection fraction were significantly higher with echocardiography (P < or = 0.05). CONCLUSION: Quantitative gated tomography, using either 201Tl or 99mTc tracers, has a good correlation with echocardiography for the assessment of left ventricular volumes and ejection fraction. These results support the clinical use of this new technique.     

屏气电影法MRI评价左心室功能的价值

目的：探讨MR屏气电影成像技术评价左室功能的价值。方法：应用屏气电影法MRI对18例健康成年志愿者和36例心脏病患者进行检查，并对左室容量和心肌质量进行测量，将屏气电影法MRI的结果与传统电影法MRI及超声心动图进行比较。结果：（1）屏气电影法与传统电影法MRI及超声心动图所得舒张末期容量（EDV）、收缩末期容量（ESV）、射血分数（EF）相关性良好，相关系数为0．52－0．96，3种方法所测各指标的均值间比较差异无显著性意义（P＞0．05）。（2）3种方法所测舒张末期心肌质量（EDM），收缩末期心肌质量（ESM）相关系数较前3个指标低，且MRI与超声心动图所测ESM的均值差异有显著性意义（P＜0．05），MRI与超声心动图ESM测量的一致性欠佳。结论：屏气电影法MRI与传统电影法MRI、超声心动图比较，各心功能指标测量准确，相关性好，且成像时间短，无呼吸运动伪影，是1种临床实用价值很高的技术。     

Assessment of global left and right ventricular function using dual-source computed tomography (DSCT) in comparison to MRI: an experimental study in a porcine model

OBJECTIVE: We sought to evaluate the ability of retrospectively ECG-gated dual-source computed tomography (DSCT) to assess left (LV) and right ventricular (RV) functional parameters in comparison to 1.5 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ten domestic pigs (60 kg) underwent both contrast-enhanced cardiac DSCT and cardiac MRI using standardized examination protocols under general anesthesia. From manually drawn endocardial and epicardial contours, LV and RV end-systolic (ESV) and end-diastolic volume (EDV), stroke volume (SV), ejection fraction (EF), myocardial mass (MM), peak filling rate (PFR), peak ejection rate (PER), time to peak ejection (TPE), and time to peak filling (TPF) were calculated by means of dedicated analysis software. LV and RV functional parameters were analyzed using Bland-Altman plots, Student t test, and Pearson's correlation coefficient. RESULTS: Both left and right ESV and EDV, SV and EF determined with DSCT correlated well with MR imaging results (left, r = 0.98/0.92/0.82/0.98; right, r = 0.90/0.94/0.96/0.94). PER, PFR, TPE, TPF, and MM showed only a moderate to low correlation (left, r = 0.67/0.37/0.23/0.35/0.57; right, r = 0.78/0.69/0.12/0.11/0.44). PER and PFR were significantly underestimated by DSCT when compared with MRI. CONCLUSIONS: Retrospectively ECG-gated DSCT correctly depicts end-systole and can accurately determine LV and RV volumes, SV, and EF in comparison to MRI. DSCT showed a significant underestimation of PER and PFR in comparison to MRI.