A recombinant rabies virus expressing vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein fails to protect against rabies virus infection

To investigate the importance of the rabies virus (RV) glycoprotein (G) in protection against rabies, we constructed a recombinant RV (rRV) in which the RV G ecto- and transmembrane domains were replaced with the corresponding regions of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) glycoprotein (rRV-VSV-G). We were able to recover rRV-VSV-G and found that particle production was equal to rRV. However, the budding of the chimeric virus was delayed and infectious titers were reduced 10-fold compared with the parental rRV strain containing RV G. Biochemical analysis showed equal replication rates of both viruses, and similar amounts of wild-type and chimeric G were present in the respective viral particles. Additional studies were performed to determine whether the immune response against rRV-VSV-G was sufficient to protect against rabies. Mice were primed with rRV or rRV-VSV-G and challenged with a pathogenic strain of RV 12 days later. Similar immune responses against the internal viral proteins of both viruses indicated successful infection. All mice receiving the rRV vaccine survived the challenge, whereas immunization with rRV-VSV-G did not induce protection. The results confirm the crucial role of RV G in an RV vaccine.     

应用pAdEasy-1系统构建表达狂犬病毒核蛋白的重组腺病毒

目的应用pAdEasy-1系统,将分离自我国的狂犬病毒CTN株N基因重组入人5型腺病毒基因组的E1区,成功获得了表达狂犬病毒核蛋白的复制缺陷型重组腺病毒。为使核蛋白得到高效表达,在构建时,将N基因控制在CMV早期启动子和SV40poly(A)加尾信号下,并对其翻译调控区进行了改造,在其第一个密码子前加入了哺乳动物典型的Kozak序列基本功能单位ACG,在N基因终止密码子的3’端另加了一个终止密码子。Western Blotting方法证实该重组腺病毒能正确表达产生核蛋白。重组腺病毒在细胞上遗传稳定性分析表明N基因能稳定存在于腺病毒基因组而不被切除。     

A new Vero cell rabies vaccine: results of a comparative trial with human diploid cell rabies vaccine in children.

We evaluated the immunogenicity and safety of a chromatographically purified rabies vaccine (CPRV) compared with human diploid cell rabies vaccine (HDCV) after pre-exposure immunizations (both primary and booster). Intramuscular doses of either 0.5 mL of CPRV or 1.0 mL of HDCV were given to 400 schoolchildren on days 0, 7, 28, and 365 (booster). Adequate titers of antibody (> or = 0.15 IU/mL, as defined by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) were observed in serum samples from all children 14 days after primary immunization with CPRV and HDCV; the antibodies persisted in all but one child up until 1 year. Fourteen days after the primary immunization series (day 42) and 7 days after booster immunization (day 372), all children had antibody titers of > or = 0.5 IU/mL. Local and systemic reactions after primary and booster immunizations occurred significantly less frequently in the CPRV group. A severe allergic reaction (angioedema) was reported in only one child after booster immunization with HDCV. CPRV has adequate immunogenicity for primary and booster pre-exposure immunizations in children and has a better safety profile than does HDCV.     

血吸虫重组BCG疫苗的研究进展

卡介苗(BCG)由于其安伞性及免疫佐剂作用而被广泛应用,以其为载体的重组疫苗研究日益受到研究者的重视.血吸虫重组BCG疫苗是一种新型疫苗.该文简要概述了近年米曼氏血吸虫、埃及血吸虫、日本血吸虫重组BCG疫苗的构建及免疫机制的研究进展.     

血吸虫重组BCG疫苗的研究进展

卡介苗(BCG)由于其安伞性及免疫佐剂作用而被广泛应用,以其为载体的重组疫苗研究日益受到研究者的重视.血吸虫重组BCG疫苗是一种新型疫苗.该文简要概述了近年米曼氏血吸虫、埃及血吸虫、日本血吸虫重组BCG疫苗的构建及免疫机制的研究进展.     

血吸虫重组BCG疫苗的研究进展

卡介苗(BCG)由于其安伞性及免疫佐剂作用而被广泛应用,以其为载体的重组疫苗研究日益受到研究者的重视.血吸虫重组BCG疫苗是一种新型疫苗.该文简要概述了近年米曼氏血吸虫、埃及血吸虫、日本血吸虫重组BCG疫苗的构建及免疫机制的研究进展.     

血吸虫重组BCG疫苗的研究进展

卡介苗(BCG)由于其安伞性及免疫佐剂作用而被广泛应用,以其为载体的重组疫苗研究日益受到研究者的重视.血吸虫重组BCG疫苗是一种新型疫苗.该文简要概述了近年米曼氏血吸虫、埃及血吸虫、日本血吸虫重组BCG疫苗的构建及免疫机制的研究进展.     

人胆固醇酯水解酶重组腺病毒载体的构建

目的构建人胆固醇酯水解酶（hCEH）基因重组腺病毒载体,并在人胚肾细胞（HEK293）中扩增。方法将hCEH基因整合入腺病毒穿梭质粒pAdTrack-CMV中,构建重组穿梭质粒pAdTrack-CMV-hCEH,线性化后与pAdeasy-1在大肠杆菌BJ5183中进行同源重组,获得含目的基因的重组质粒pAd-hCEH,酶切后用脂质体转染HEK293,包装成重组体腺病毒Ad-hCEH,经扩增和纯化得到高滴度重组病毒。采用PCR法进行鉴定,绿色荧光蛋白（GFP）追踪,荧光显微镜下观察并计算Ad-hCEH病毒滴度。结果重组穿梭质粒及其载体经鉴定后,电泳结果与预期相符。Ad-hCEH-EGFP感染HEK293后,随时间增加,HEK293表达绿色荧光的量也增加。hCEH碱基序列经测序与Genebank中已知序列完全吻合。Ad-hCEH电泳结果显示1 700 bp附近有一条带,与目的片段相符合。最终测得Ad-hCEH滴度为1.2×1010 pfu/ml。结论成功构建了携带hCEH基因的重组腺病毒载体。     

血吸虫重组BCG疫苗的研究进展

卡介苗(BCG)由于其安伞性及免疫佐剂作用而被广泛应用,以其为载体的重组疫苗研究日益受到研究者的重视.血吸虫重组BCG疫苗是一种新型疫苗.该文简要概述了近年米曼氏血吸虫、埃及血吸虫、日本血吸虫重组BCG疫苗的构建及免疫机制的研究进展.     

棘球蚴病重组BCG疫苗的研究进展

卡介苗（BCG）因其应用的安全性及免疫佐剂作用，以其为载体的重组疫苗研究日益被科学家们重视。本文综述了近年来棘球蚴病重组BCG疫苗的研究进展。     

血吸虫重组BCG疫苗的研究进展

卡介苗(BCG)由于其安伞性及免疫佐剂作用而被广泛应用,以其为载体的重组疫苗研究日益受到研究者的重视.血吸虫重组BCG疫苗是一种新型疫苗.该文简要概述了近年米曼氏血吸虫、埃及血吸虫、日本血吸虫重组BCG疫苗的构建及免疫机制的研究进展.     

血吸虫重组BCG疫苗的研究进展

卡介苗(BCG)由于其安伞性及免疫佐剂作用而被广泛应用,以其为载体的重组疫苗研究日益受到研究者的重视.血吸虫重组BCG疫苗是一种新型疫苗.该文简要概述了近年米曼氏血吸虫、埃及血吸虫、日本血吸虫重组BCG疫苗的构建及免疫机制的研究进展.     

血吸虫重组BCG疫苗的研究进展

卡介苗(BCG)由于其安伞性及免疫佐剂作用而被广泛应用,以其为载体的重组疫苗研究日益受到研究者的重视.血吸虫重组BCG疫苗是一种新型疫苗.该文简要概述了近年米曼氏血吸虫、埃及血吸虫、日本血吸虫重组BCG疫苗的构建及免疫机制的研究进展.     

血吸虫重组BCG疫苗的研究进展

卡介苗(BCG)由于其安伞性及免疫佐剂作用而被广泛应用,以其为载体的重组疫苗研究日益受到研究者的重视.血吸虫重组BCG疫苗是一种新型疫苗.该文简要概述了近年米曼氏血吸虫、埃及血吸虫、日本血吸虫重组BCG疫苗的构建及免疫机制的研究进展.     

血吸虫重组BCG疫苗的研究进展

卡介苗(BCG)由于其安伞性及免疫佐剂作用而被广泛应用,以其为载体的重组疫苗研究日益受到研究者的重视.血吸虫重组BCG疫苗是一种新型疫苗.该文简要概述了近年米曼氏血吸虫、埃及血吸虫、日本血吸虫重组BCG疫苗的构建及免疫机制的研究进展.     

A case received pre-exposure immunization against rabies by intradermal injection of rabies vaccine because of allergic reaction to the component of the vaccine]

A female, 25 years of age, came to our clinic to receive pre-exposure immunization against rabies. In another hospital she was tested to find out whether she was allergic to the components of rabies vaccine (PCEC) manufactured by the Chemo-Sero-Theraptic Research Institute (Kaketsuken) by cutaneous reaction using a 2,000-fold diluted PCEC. She showed a positive reaction. In our clinic she was again examined by skin test using 0.1 ml of 10-fold diluted PCEC. She showed wheal and flare reaction. Further we tested using 0.05 ml and 0.1 ml of non-diluted PCEC. Her skin reaction did not increase by several mm in diameter. So we decided to immunized her against rabies with intradermal injections of PCEC instead of subcutaneous injections that is indicated by the manufacturer. The second intradermal injections were done to right and left forearms a week later. Then the third shot was given 4 weeks after the second. At 2 weeks after the third injection her blood sample was taken to measure anti-rabies antibody titer by ELISA method with Platelia rabies kit (Diagnostic Pasteur, France). She had 6.7 U/ml of anti-rabies ELISA antibody that was much higher than the protective level (0.5 IU/ml) officially recognized by WHO. Therefore, it is concluded that she had produced sufficiently high level of anti-rabies antibody with intradermal injection of PCEC. It is reasonably recommended to investigate further if the intradermal injection of PCEC will be an effective method as a pre-exposure immunization against rabies.     

An effective vaccine against colon cancer in mice： Use of recombinant adenovirus interleukin-12 transduced dendritic cells

AIM： To investigate the effect of a vaccine with recombinant adenovirus interleukin-12 （AdVIL-12） transduced dendritic cells （DCs） against colon cancer in mice. METHODS： DCs and AdVIL-12 were incubated together at different time intervals and at different doses. Supernatant was collected and tested for IL-12 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. In order to determine whether tumor cell lysate-pulsed （TP） AdVIL-12/DCs enhance therapeutic potential in the established tumor model, CT26 colon tumor cells were implanted subcutaneously （s.c.） in the midflank of naive BALB/c mice. Tumor-bearing mice were injected with a vaccination of CT26 TP AdVIL-12/DCs on d 3 and 10. As a protective colon tumor model, naive BALB/c mice were immunized s.c. in their abdomens with CT26 TP AdVIL-12/DCs twice at seven day intervals. After the immunization on d 7, the mice were challenged with a lethal dose of CT26 tumor cells and survival times were evaluated. Subsequently, cytotoxic T lymphocyte （CTL） activity and interferon gamma （IFNy） secretion was evaluated in the immunized mice, and assayed CTL ex vivo. RESULTS： Murine DCs were retrovirally transduced with AdVIL-12 efficiency, and the AdVIL-12 transduced DCs secreted a high level of IL-12 （AdVIL-12/DCs, 615.27 ± 42.3 pg/mL vs DCs, 46.32 ± 7.29 pg/mL, P 〈 0.05）. Vaccination with CT26 TP AdVIL-12/DCs could enhance anti-tumor immunity against CT26 colon tumor in murine therapeutic models （tumor volume on d 19：CT26 TP AdVIL-12/DCs 107 ± 42 mm^3 vs CT26 TP DCs 383± 65 mm^3, P 〈 0.05） and protective models. Moreover, the CT26 TP AdVIL-12/DC vaccination enhances tumor-specific CTL activity, producing high levels of IFN7 in immunized mice. Ex vivo primed T cells with AdVIL-12/DCs were able to induce more effective CTL activity than in primed T cells with CT26 TP/DCs （E：T = 100：1, 69.49% ± 6.11% specific lysis vs 37.44% ＋ 4.32% specific lysis, P 〈 0.05）.CONCLUSION： Vaccination with recombinant AdVIL-12 transduced DC p     

Antibody responses to human diploid cell vaccine for rabies with and without human rabies immune globulin

One hundred one volunteers with no exposure to rabies were given human diploid cell vaccine (HDCV) for rabies with or without 20 international units of human rabies immune globulin (HRIG)/kg of body weight to evaluate schedules for therapy with HDCV and HRIG after exposure. All of the volunteers who received three or more doses of HDCV alone or four or more doses of HDCV with HRIG developed high titers of neutralizing antibodies by day 35, which persisted for at least 60 days. By day 7, of the 61 volunteers given HRIG and HDCV, 53% had neutralizing antibodies by a mouse neutralization test and 67% had neutralizing antibodies by a rapid fluorescent focus inhibition test. Similar antibody levels were found in volunteers given HRIG alone, a finding which suggests that low or undetectable early titers after administration of HDCV and HRIG were due to inadequate HRIG dosage rather than any interaction between the passive antibody (HRIG) and the vaccine antigen. These results suggest that trials with 30 or 40 international units of HRIG/kg in combination with HDCV are warranted.     

国产人用狂犬疫苗近期副反应观察

近年慈溪市豢养宠物逐年增多,被宠物或其它动物咬伤者大多到防疫站门诊部注射国产狂苗。目前国内由于经济原因,生产和使用大多是未纯化的浓缩地鼠肾组织培养狂苗,虽然理论上较安全,但由于几年来大量使用,时有副反应发生,现总结报告如下：1材料与方法123＆）例均为1994年10月至1998年6月在慈溪防疫站门诊部注射狂苗者。一般群众都知狂犬病死亡率几乎达100％,再加上医务人员注前叮嘱所以绝大部分注射狂苗出现副反应者均到本门诊部复诊。男ffi6（例,女3984例,年龄0．3一幻岁,平均33．4。19．4岁。注射国产狂苗均为上海、成都、兰州生…     

Confirmed rabies exposure during pregnancy: treatment with human rabies immune globulin and human diploid cell vaccine

A review of the literature shows 24 cases of pregnant human exposure to rabies virus through confirmed rabid animal bites. Historically, these patients received passive immunization with equine rabies immunoglobulin and/or purified vero cell vaccine or duck embryo vaccine. With the recent development of human-derived rabies vaccines, we report an additional case of human gestational rabies exposure, which was treated with human rabies immune globulin and human diploid cell vaccine.