蚕茧降血糖作用的机理研究

目的 :探讨蚕茧降血糖作用的机理。方法 :采用四氧嘧啶诱发SD大鼠糖尿病模型 ,蚕茧以18 75g干重/(kg·d)和3 75g干重/(kg·d)灌胃糖尿病模型大鼠30d。结果 :高剂量蚕茧能显著提高四氧嘧啶所致糖尿病大鼠的血清胰岛素水平 ,降低糖尿病大鼠肝组织和血清的过氧化脂质(LPO) ;石蜡切片显示 ,高剂量蚕茧组糖尿病大鼠胰腺的胰岛和胰岛 β 细胞坏死程度明显降低。结论 :蚕茧降血糖作用的机制可能与蚕茧促进四氧嘧啶所致糖尿病大鼠胰岛 β 细胞损伤的修复 ,以及促进胰岛素分泌和降低胰岛素分解速度有关     

云南松籽油调节血糖作用研究

目的 :观察云南松籽油 (YSY)对糖尿病 (DM )小鼠的血糖调节作用 .方法 :选择采自云南楚雄市郊云南松种子 ,经低温压榨、萃取制成精油 ,观察对四氧嘧啶诱导的糖尿病小鼠的降血糖效果及对正常小鼠血糖的作用 .结果 :以YSY2、 4、 6 g/ (kg d)三个剂量连续igDM小鼠 30d ,YSY 6 g/ (kg·d)剂量组能显著降低DM小鼠血糖水平 (P <0 0 5 ) ,4 g/ (kg·d)剂量组血糖虽有所降低 ,但无显著差异 (P >0 0 5 ) ,2g/ (kg·d)剂量组未呈现降血糖作用 (P >0 0 5 ) ,YSY各剂量组间降血糖作用呈现一定剂量 -效应关系 .以YSY 6 g/ (kg·d)剂量连续ig正常小鼠 30d ,未发现有降低正常小鼠血糖作用 .结论 :云南松籽油具有降低糖尿病小鼠血糖的作用 ,对正常小鼠血糖无不良影响 ,其降血糖机理有待深入研究 .     

消糖灵片对糖尿病模型大鼠降血糖作用的实验研究

目的 :观察消糖灵片 (XTLP)对实验性糖尿病大鼠降低血糖值的作用。方法 :将 5 0只糖尿病模型鼠(四氧嘧啶造模 )随机分为模型组 ,消糖灵片组 (低、中、高剂量 )和D86 0组 ,模型组灌胃生理盐水 2 0mg/kg·d-1;消糖灵片组 (低、中、高剂量 )分别灌胃XDLP 0 6 9g/kg·d-1、1 37g/kg·d-1和 2 74 g/kg·d-1,D86 0组灌胃剂量为0 1g/kg·d-1,容量均为 2 0ml/kg·d-1,每日 1次 ,连续 10d。禁食 12h后 ,第 11d取血 ,测定大鼠空腹血糖值和胆固醇含量。结果 :与治疗前 (造模后 )比较 ,消糖灵片组 (低、中、高剂量 )大鼠血糖值均降低 (P <0 0 5～ 0 0 1) ;与模型组比较 ,中、高剂量组亦有显著性差异 (P <0 0 5 ) ;与治疗前 (造模后 )比较 ,消糖灵片组 (低、中、高剂量 )血清胆固醇含量明显降低 (P <0 0 5 ) ,而D86 0对胆固醇含量无明显影响 (P >0 0 5 )。结论 :消糖灵片对化学性糖尿病模型大鼠有明显的降低血糖值和血清胆固醇含量的作用 ,而对正常大鼠血糖值水平无明显影响。     

自拟调糖方对糖尿病模型小鼠血糖及胰腺病理的影响

目的 探讨自拟调糖方对糖尿病小鼠血糖、胰腺病理的影响.方法 尾静脉注射四氧嘧啶造成小鼠糖尿病模型,灌服岛剂量(20g/kg)、中剂量(10g/kg)、低剂量(5g/kg)调糖方21d后,用血糖检测仪测定糖尿病小鼠空腹血糖和糖耐量的变化以及在光镜下观察胰腺、胰岛组织学变化.结果 调糖方高剂量组能显著降低窄腹血糖;调糖方高、中、低剂量组非常显著或显著降低灌服葡萄糖后0.5h血糖,调糖方高、中剂量组显著降低灌服葡萄糖后2h血糖.调糖方高、中剂量组能明显提高糖耐量.胰腺病理显示,调糖方能改善四氧嘧啶引起的病理损害.结论 以苦瓜、黄芪、黄精、地黄等配制的调糖方具有较好地调节血糖稳定的作用.     

降糖清治疗动物实验性糖尿病的实验研究

本文初步观察了降糖清对四氧嘧啶糖尿病大鼠的治疗作用。结果表明,降糖清能显著降低四氧嘧啶糖尿病大鼠的血糖水平,减少其饮水、饮食和尿量,但不能降低其血清总胆固醇(TC)水平。     

肾阴虚型糖尿病大鼠模型的建立

目的:研究建立肾阴虚型糖尿病大鼠模型的方法。方法:将30只大鼠随机分为空白组、四氧嘧啶组、四氧嘧啶合甲状腺素组(简称四合甲组)。观察造模后各组大鼠的一般生理情况、血糖和痛阈变化。结果:四氧嘧啶组、四合甲组大鼠均表现为神态呆滞,反应迟钝,体毛无光泽,大便干结、色黑,测定肛温和血糖值升高,体重和痛阈值降低,饮水量、食量、尿量均增加,与空白组比较均有显著差异(P<0.01,P<0.05)。结论:用四氧嘧啶成功建立了肾阴虚型糖尿病大鼠模型,加用甲状腺素后,加重了阴虚火旺的症状,且对血糖无影响,保证了糖尿病模型的稳定。     

甜茶素对四氧嘧啶糖尿病大鼠血糖的影响

目的 研究甜茶素对四氧嘧啶糖尿病大鼠血糖的影响.方法 采用腹腔注射四氧嘧啶制备糖尿病大鼠模型.模型大鼠随机分为甜茶素治疗组(200,100,50mg/kg)、阳性对照组(盐酸二甲双胍100mg/ kg)、模型对照组(给予等体积生理盐水)、同时设一正常对照组(给予等体积生理盐水),连续灌胃给药30d后,测定各大鼠血糖、胰岛素、胰高血糖素、血脂等指标.结果 甜茶素可明显降低四氧嘧啶糖尿病大鼠的血糖水平,升高血清胰岛素及降低血浆胰高血糖素含量;同时也能明显降低四氧嘧啶糖尿病大鼠血清中总胆固醇、甘油三脂和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇,升高高密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量.结论 甜茶素具有显著的降血糖作用,可能与其促进胰岛素分泌及抑制胰高血糖素分泌有关.     

脂糖舒对糖尿病小鼠组织SOD活性和MDA含量的影响

目的观察脂糖舒对四氧嘧啶糖尿病模型小鼠组织超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量的影响。方法腹腔注射四氧嘧啶制作糖尿病小鼠模型 ,用不同剂量脂糖舒胃饲 ,连续 1 5天。实验分正常组 (未制模鼠 )、生理盐水组 (模型组 )、优降糖组、降糖灵组、消渴丸组和脂糖舒三个等比剂量组 (Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组 )。测定各组小鼠心、肝、胰和肾组织SOD活性和MDA含量。结果脂糖舒能显著提高糖尿病小鼠心、肝、胰和肾组织SOD活性和降低MDA含量。小剂量脂糖舒 ( 5 g/kg·d- 1)对心、肝和肾组织的作用与实验剂量的优降糖、消渴丸和降糖灵差异不显著 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,较大剂量 (P≥ 1 0 g/kg·d- 1)时 ,其升高胰SOD活性效力与降糖灵相当 ,强于优降糖、消渴丸和降糖灵。结论脂糖舒有明显抗糖尿病组织过氧化作用     

2型糖尿病大鼠糖代谢异常及仙人掌粉的干预效应

目的研究仙人掌粉对2型糖尿病（T2DM）大鼠血糖的影响及其机制。方法用高糖高脂饲料喂养加小剂量链脲佐菌素（STZ）注射造成2型糖尿病模型，然后将大鼠分成6组：正常对照组（N）喂普通饲料，糖尿病对照组（A）、苯乙双胍组（B）喂高糖高脂饲料，仙人掌大（C）、中（D）、小（E）剂量组喂仙人掌粉（9g/d只、6g/d只、3g/d只）和高糖高脂饲料，4周后测空腹血糖。结果C、D、E各组血糖值都有所降低（9.21±0.85、11.35±0.91、14.40±1.30），与实验前比较C、D组差异均有显著性（P〈0.01），与A组比较差异显著（P〈0.01），与B组比较差异不显著（P〉0.05）。结论仙人掌粉能够降低2型糖尿病大鼠血糖值，作为药食两用的野生植物具有极大的开发和利用价值。     

降糖冲剂Ⅰ号对糖尿病大鼠的降糖作用

目的 研究降糖冲剂Ⅰ号对糖尿病大鼠血糖、血清胰岛素水平等指标的影响。方法 将75只糖尿病模型 Wistar大鼠随机分为 4组:治疗组、模型组、消渴平组、大剂量组;另取15只为正常对照组。每日灌胃3次相应药物或生理盐水,连续4周后测量血糖、血清胰岛素水平及肝肾功能。结果(1)大、中剂量组大鼠的空腹血糖值在给药1周末开始降低,给药4周末显著降低;(2)大剂量组血清胰岛素水平在给药4周后均显著高于模型组;(3)各组间ALT、BUN、Cr等指标无明显差异。结论(1)降糖冲剂Ⅰ号对四氧嘧啶糖尿病大鼠有明确的降糖作用,大中剂量组降糖效果均优于消渴平组;(2)降糖冲剂Ⅰ号可显著提高四氧嘧啶糖尿病大鼠血清胰岛素水平。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.