糖尿病与非糖尿病患者外周动脉病变血管造影对比研究

目的　比较糖尿病和非糖尿病患者外周动脉病变的分布及其严重程度。　方法　 2型糖尿病 (T2DM)患者 (DM组 ) 4 3例 ,非糖尿病动脉硬化症患者 (NDM组 ) 39例。将造影动脉所见分为腹主、髂总、髂内、髂外、股深、股浅、、胫前、胫后和腓动脉共 10段 ,用分段积分法进行动脉管腔狭窄程度比较。　结果　腹主、腹部内脏、股深及胫前动脉病变发生率在NDM组分别为 33/ 34(97% )、11/ 30 (37% )、11/ 6 9(16 % )和 2 5 / 4 2 (6 0 % ) ,在T2DM组分别为 2 6 / 36 (72 % )、1/ 36 (3% )、2 4 / 78(31% )和 6 1/ 75 (81% ) ;NDM组腹主动脉积分为 0 2 6± 0 6 7、髂总动脉积分为 0 5 5± 1 0 6、髂内动脉积分为 1 0 8± 1 2 9;T2DM组相应的动脉积分分别为 0、0 15± 0 5 8和 0 5 7± 1 0 5 ;这些差异均有显著意义。T2DM组股深、、胫前、胫后、腓动脉积分分别为 0 6 0± 0 6 1、1 15± 0 82、1 92± 1 39、1 72± 1 85和 1 99± 1 0 5 ,均明显高于NDM组的 0 17± 0 4 8、0 75± 1 2 2、0 81± 0 94、1 0 7±1 0 0和 0 98± 1 0 0。　结论　NDM组较T2DM组血管病变更常累及腹主动脉及腹部内脏动脉 ,T2DM组较NDM组更常累及股深动脉和胫前动脉 ,且病变程度严重     

中老年糖尿病患者下肢动脉病变与代谢异常的特点

目的分析糖尿病足病患者下肢动脉粥样硬化病变与代谢异常的关系。方法选择2型糖尿病患者362例,男性232例,女性130例,平均年龄(64.9±11.2)岁,平均糖尿病病程(9.2±7.5)年。通过动脉超声检查下肢股动脉、腘动脉和胫动脉病变情况,按照动脉病变程度将患者分为4组:对照组、斑块组、狭窄组(≥50%)和闭塞组。所有患者测定空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白(GhbAlc)和血脂谱(总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白和高密度脂蛋白)等。结果 (1)斑块组和狭窄组患者GHbAlc 水平分别为(8.4±2.2)%和(8.7±2.1)%,与对照组(7.9+2.1)%比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),狭窄组胆固醇和甘油三酯水平均比斑块组高(P<0.05和 P<0.01);(2)斑块组和狭窄组患者高血压、冠心病、眼底病变以及肾脏病变患病率显著高于对照组和闭塞组(P<0.05);(3)股动脉和腘动脉斑块病变患病率为77.8%和73.3%,高于胫动脉62.1%(P<0.01)。狭窄和闭塞病变主要发生在胫动脉,分别为29.1%和6.1%。结论中老年糖尿病患者股动脉、腘动脉和胫动脉斑块病变较常见,且动脉病变与代谢异常相关,应给予积极的干预治疗。     

彩色多普勒超声对糖尿病下肢动脉病变的诊断分析

目的分析彩色多普勒超声诊断糖尿病(DM)下肢动脉病变的应用价值。方法选取该院2017年2月-2019年2月收治的2型DM患者50例(设为DM组),同期收治的非DM患者46例(为非DM组),应用彩色多普勒超声检测动脉内径(D)、收缩期峰值流速(PSV)和血流量(BFV),对比两组股总动脉、腘动脉、足背动脉的彩色多普勒超声参数。结果与非DM组相比,DM组足背动脉D、BFV较低,腘动脉、足背动脉PSV较高,对比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与非DM组相比,DM组足背动脉与股总动脉、腘动脉BFV比值较高,对比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论彩色多普勒超声诊断糖尿病下肢动脉病变有较高的临床价值。     

Wallenberg综合征病变血管与梗死部位的相关性

目的探讨Wallenberg综合征病变血管与梗死部位的相关性。方法回顾性分析26例Wallenberg综合征患者影像资料。根据影像学方法,将Wallenberg综合征病变血管分为椎动脉病变及小脑后下动脉病变。根据磁共振,将延髓背外侧纵向分为上、中及下三部,横向分为A、B、C、D及E五个部位,分析病变血管与梗死部位的关系。结果 26例患者中,椎动脉病变14例,小脑后下动脉病变12例;椎动脉病变中动脉夹层3例,动脉瘤1例。Wallenberg综合征梗死病灶纵向分布最常见部位是延髓中部(84.62%),其次是延髓下部(34.62%),最后是延髓上部(23.08%);在延髓梗死灶的横向分布方面,Wallenberg综合征梗死灶最常见的部位是延髓背外侧的A部(84.16%),其他依次为B部(80.77%)、C部(46.15%)、E部(34.62%)及D部(26.92%)。椎动脉病变组与小脑后下动脉病变组比较,两组患者在出现延髓中段梗死(P=0.033)及延髓A部(P=0.003)和B部(P=0.012)梗死方面有统计学差异。结论椎动脉病变也是导致Wallenberg综合征的重要原因,动脉夹层是常见的血管病变;椎动脉病变导致的Wallenberg综合征梗死病灶更加容易累及延髓中段,延髓背外侧的A及B部位。     

血清瘦素与2型糖尿病下肢大血管病变的关系探讨

目的探讨瘦素(leptin)与2型糖尿病(T2DM)下肢大血管病变的相关性。方法所有病例均行双下肢动脉彩色多谱勒超声检查,按有无下肢血管病变分为病变组(A组)、对照组(B组),每组再按有无高血压病、冠心病、脑血管病分为病变组并发其他血管疾病组(A1组)和病变组无并发其他血管疾病组(A2组);对照组并发其他血管疾病组(B1组),对照组无并发其他血管疾病组(B2组)。比较病变组与对照组leptin及其他指标差异。结果A1组与B1组比较(二组男女构成、体重指数、腰臀比值、有无微血管病变比较无显著性差异)。Apo-B(1.306±0.217;1.193±0.169)mmol/L,P<0.05(校正年龄后),leptin(16.453±2.061;11.845±3.173)ng/ml,P<0.05;A2组与B2组比较,LDL-C(3.878±1.151;3.258±0.721)mmol/L,P<0.05(校正年龄后);以有无下肢血管病变为应变量进行多因素logistic回归分析。结论下肢血管病变与瘦素无相关性,而与年龄、LDL-C有相关性。瘦素与性别及BMI有一定的关系。女性瘦素水平高于男性,BMI值越大瘦素水平越高,瘦素与HDL-C呈显著负相关,与apoB呈显著正相关。     

分析彩色多普勒超声在糖尿病下肢血管病变诊断中的价值

目的探讨彩色多普勒超声在糖尿病下肢血管病变诊断中的临床价值。方法在医院2016年1月—2019年1月期间诊治的糖尿病患者中选取75例作研究对象,设为研究组;同期选取75名健康体检者设为对照组,并对两组研究对象实施彩色多普勒超声检查,比较两组受检者的下肢血管各动脉管径和斑块形成率差异。结果①研究组下肢血管内斑块形成率57.33%高于对照组的6.67%(χ2=44.240,P=0.000);②研究组受检者的下肢血管股总动脉、股浅动脉、股深动脉、腘动脉、胫前动脉、胫后动脉、足背动脉管径均低于对照组(t=35.376、39.161、22.399、11.763、94.210、98.742、51.194,P=0.000)。结论彩色多普勒超声在糖尿病下肢血管病变诊断中的临床价值显著,可准确检出下肢病变血管中斑块,明确各动脉管径具体数据,对糖尿病下肢血管病变临床治疗有一定指导意义。     

旋股外侧动脉降支嵌合穿支皮瓣的临床应用效果探讨

目的探讨旋股外侧动脉降支嵌合穿支皮瓣的临床应用效果。方法选取该院住院的21例皮肤软组织缺损患者,其中小腿软组织缺损12例,胫骨或跟骨骨髓炎9例,软组织缺损面积4 cm×4 cm～6 cm×8 cm,均采用旋股外侧动脉降支嵌合穿支皮瓣游离移植修复。结果 21例皮瓣均成活。随访8～26个月,皮瓣色泽、质地好,骨髓炎无复发,无应力骨折发生,皮瓣供区仅遗留线性瘢痕。末次随访时,患肢美国矫形外科足踝协会(AOFAS)评分量表评分82～92(87.3±1.9)分。结论旋股外侧动脉降支嵌合穿支皮瓣可实现创面立体修复,是治疗下肢软组织缺损的有效方法。     

糖尿病性膝以下动脉病变血管造影分析

目的研究糖尿病性膝以下动脉病变数字减影血管造影（DSA）影像学的血流分级、病变分型。方法2型糖尿病患者107例的211条肢体成功行DSA检查。根据小腿动脉主干血流连续性和侧支形成将动脉血流分为0、1、2、3、4级；以Fontaine分级表示患肢缺血性临床症状；根据小腿动脉病变程度和累及血管的不同组合，将患肢病变表现分为A、B、C、D四种类型。结果208条肢体血流分级与Fontaine分级存在负相关（r=-0．438，P〈0．01）；Fontaine分级与病变分型基本相吻合，但Ⅱ、Ⅲ两级间差异无统计学意义；按A、B、C、D分型顺序，血流分级有逐渐降低趋势（P〈0．01）。结论综合病变类型和血流分级，可以较规范地描述膝以下各动脉主干病变程度和各支动脉病变不同组合，以及血管血流和侧支形成状况。     

彩色多普勒血流显像对评估2型糖尿病患者下肢动脉血管病变的临床意义表达

选取2018年6月～2019年4月2型糖尿病患者72例为观察组,取非糖尿病患者54例为对照组。结果观察组足背动脉血流量(BFV)、小于对照组,足背、腘动脉收缩期峰值流速(PSV)大于对照组(P 0. 05);观察组足背与腘、股总动脉BFV比值小于对照组(P 0. 05)。结论彩色多普勒血流显像应用于2型糖尿病患者,足背与腘、股总动脉BFV比值可对下肢动脉血管病变程度进行客观、分节段反映。     

TASCⅡA、B型股胭动脉闭塞的外科治疗

下肢动脉硬化闭塞症(ASO)是由于动脉硬化病变引起的慢性动脉闭塞性疾病.股腘动脉一直是ASO的高发部位.ASO患者中,出现静息痛或重症下肢缺血性症状的病例,3个月的截肢发生率可达12.2％;不经系统治疗的重症肢体缺血病例,半年截肢率超过40％,1年期病死率约为20％[1].根据2007年泛大西洋介入学会协议(TASC)更新的周围动脉疾病(PAD)的诊治共识,即TASCⅡ的PAD治疗指南[2],腔内治疗已与血管旁路术和血管内膜剥脱术一样,成为血管外科手术干预具有间歇性跛行与重症下肢缺血症状的股腘动脉疾病的常用手段.本文回顾性分析我科2008年以来,TASCⅡA、B型患者中接受血管腔内治疗及开放手术治疗的患者的临床资料.     

Coronary artery to pulmonary artery fistulas.

Twelve patients with a total of 14 coronary artery to pulmonary artery fistulas were discovered at the time of diagnostic coronary angiography. Six patients had severe coronary artery disease, five patients had normal coronary arteriography, one patient had insignificant coronary artery disease, and one patient had rheumatic heart disease. Only two patients had characteristic continuous murmurs; one patient had a normal coronary angiogram, and the second patient had severe coronary artery disease. Ten fistulas originated from the left anterior descending artery, three from the right coronary artery, and one from the left circumflex artery. The fistulas were either composed of one large (five fistulas) or one or more small channels (seven fistulas) or poorly defined plexiform channels (two fistulas). Hydrogen studies performed in two patients were negative and dye dilution curves performed in all patients were normal. In only four out of the six patients with severe coronary artery disease, the fistulas originated from a diseased vessel and in each case the origin was proximal to the narrowing. The pathogenesis and functional role of these fistulas is largely unknown.     

Interosseous artery as an access artery in case of late radial artery occlusion

We report a new technique of arterial access through the ipsilateral interosseous artery in a case of late radial artery occlusion (RAO). RAO, although not frequent, is a limiting iatrogenic complication after transradial intervention (TRI) and precludes repeat use of the same radial artery for future procedures. Our technique involves obtaining access to the ipsilateral radial artery (RA) in the distal postocclusion segment and use of collateral channel between this segment and the interosseous artery (IOA) for advancing a guidewire and sheath in the IOA lumen and in brachial artery thereafter. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Sequential radial artery grafting three-vessel coronary artery disease

Our objective was to compare the results of revascularization by sequential radial artery (RA) grafting with a left anterior descending left internal mammary artery (LIMA)-RA t-composite grafting technique. Patients were grouped as those with proximal anastomoses performed on the ascending aorta (Group A; n = 38), and those with proximal anastomoses performed on the LIMA as t-grafts (Group T; n = 13). Neither of the two groups revealed any mortality. The average number of grafts was lower in Group T (2.23 +/- 0.43 in group T and 2.85 +/- 0.69 in group A, p < 0.05). The results of the control coronary artery angiographies were superior in Group A. The patency rate of the RA grafts was 96.8% in Group A. Of the 20 distal anastomoses performed with RA grafts in 8 patients from Group T, nine (45%) were found to be patent. The patency rates of RA grafts with sequential distal anastomoses were found to be better when the proximal anastomosis was performed on the ascending aorta rather than on the LIMA. In conclusion, sequential distal anastomosis of RA grafts seem to be safe and effective when proximal anastomoses are performed on the ascending aorta.     

Carotid artery in-stent restenosis after carotid artery stenting

Carotid in-stent restenosis is a potential long-term sequela that may occur after carotid artery stenting. We report a single-center experience with this procedure and reviewed the database for individual patient characteristics and possible management options.