DCE-MRI定量参数对前列腺癌内分泌治疗的疗效评价

目的:回顾性分析前列腺癌(PCa)内分泌治疗前后DCE-MRI定量参数的变化,探讨DCE-MRI定量参数作为分析指标在用于PCa内分泌治疗后疗效监测的价值.方法:收集经病理学证实的33例PCa患者的临床和影像资料.测量定量参数:转运常数(Ktrans)、血管外细胞外间隙体积百分数(Ve)和速率常数(Kep)在内分泌治疗前后癌区的各参数值和血清PSA水平,对前后间参数变化的差异作统计学分析,并探讨DCE-MRI定量参数变化与PSA值变化之间的相关性.结果:治疗前癌区的Ktrans(3.2502±1.46)×10-3 min-1、Kep(2.3341±1.59)×10-3 min-1、Ve 1.1.7475±0.87、PSA (59.9054±37.15)μg/L,治疗后癌区的Ktrans(2.1873±1.19)×10-3min-1、Kep(1.0325±0.68)×10-3min-1、Ve2.0512±0.75、PSA (2.4831±3.93)μg/L;,其中癌区Ktrans、Kep值、PSA值在治疗前后间的差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),而Ve在治疗前后间的差异没有统计学意义(P＞0.05).Spearman相关分析显示癌区治疗前后DCE-MRI的参数变化与PSA值变化无相关性(P＞0.05).结论:DCE-MRI的定量参数Ktrans、Kep在PCa内分泌治疗后发生变化,可用于临床PCa内分泌治疗的疗效监测,可作为临床PCa疗效检测指标PSA的补充.     

DCE-MRI对前列腺平台型强化灶的鉴别诊断价值

目的 探讨DCE-MRI定量和半定量参数对时间-信号强度曲线表现为平台型前列腺癌灶和前列腺增生的鉴别诊断价值.方法 回顾性分析48例时间-信号强度曲线呈平台型的前列腺疾病患者(前列腺癌26例,前列腺增生22例)DCE-MRI定量和半定量参数,包括容积转移常数(Ktrans)、转移速率常数(Kep)、血管外细胞外间隙容积分数(Ve),血容量(BV)、血流量(BF)、达峰时间(TTP).并运用SPSS进行统计学分析.结果 在DCE-MRI时间-信号强度曲线为平台型的前列腺癌灶组和前列腺增生组Ktrans、Kep、BF值分别为(2.33 ±0.93) min-1和(1.21±0.71)min-1、(3.46±1.41)min-1和(1.81 ±0.85) min-1、(182.63±74.79)ml· g-1·min-1和(140.88±50.73)ml·g-1·min-1,组间差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 Ktrans、Kep、BF值在前列腺癌灶组和前列腺增生组间差异存在统计学意义,DCE-MRI定量和半定量参数对平台型时间-信号强度曲线的前列腺癌灶和前列腺增生间的鉴别具有一定的价值.     

定量动态增强MRI鉴别乳腺良恶性病变的研究

目的 探讨定量动态增强MRI鉴别乳腺良恶性病变的价值.方法 118例乳腺疾病患者行3.0 T定量动态增强MR检查,测量定量参数:容量转移常数(Ktrans)、速率常数(Kep)和血管外细胞外间隙容积比(Ve),对恶性病变、良性病变及正常腺体组间定量参数行单因素方差分析及LSD法两两比较;对浸润性癌与导管原位癌组间行独立样本t检验;最后绘制ROC曲线.结果 恶性病变组Ktrans、Ken、Ve均值分别为(1.010±0.580)min-1、(1.634±1.481)min-1、(0.735±0.273);良性病变组三者均值分别为(0.331±0.192)min-1、(0.417±0.324)min-1、(0.847±0.291);正常腺体组间三者均值分别为(0.051±0.028)min-1、(0.133±0.125)min-1、(0.597±0.354).正常腺体与良性病变、正常腺体与恶性病变及良性病变与恶性病变间Ktrans差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为9.681、11.189、5.590,P值均＜0.01);正常腺体与恶性病变、良性病变与恶性病变间Kep差异有统计学意义(t值分别为5.287、3.874,P值均＜0.05);正常腺体与良性病变、正常腺体与恶性病变间Ve差异有统计学意义(t值分别为2.932、2.562,P值均＜0.05);正常腺体与良性病变间Kep、良性病变与恶性病变间Ve差异无统计学意义(t值分别为0.760、0.832,P值均＞0.05).浸润性癌与导管原位癌组间Ktrans、Kep、Ve差异均无统计学意义(t值分别为0.834、0.075、0.454,P值均＞0.05).Ktrans、Kep、Ve三者ROC曲线下面积分别为0.934、0.941、0.659,以最大约登指数为最佳诊断切点值,则三者判断乳腺良恶性病变的敏感性分别为77.01%、91.95%、56.32%;特异性分别为95.65%、86.96%、78.26%.结论 定量动态增强参数Ktrans、Kep值可以对乳腺良恶性病变做出鉴别诊断,并表现出相对高的诊断效能,但对浸润性癌与导管原位癌鉴别效能较低.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate the value of quantitative 3T dynamic contrast enhanced MRI in the diagnosis of breast lesions. Methods One-hundred and eighteen patients suspected of breast lesions underwent MRI examination. A 3.0 T MR scanner was used to obtain the quantitative MR pharmacokinetic parameters: Ktrans( volume transfer constant), Kep (exchange rate constant) and Ve (extravascular extracellular volume fraction). The mean Ktrans, Kep and Ve of malignant, benign and normal glandular tissues were calculated and compared each other using LSD method. Independent sample t test was used between invasive ductal carcinoma and ductal carcinoma in situ (microinvasion included). Finally, the areas under the ROC curve (AUC) of Ktrans, Kep and Ve between malignant and benign lesions were compared. Results The mean Ktrans, Kep and Ve of malignant lesions (n=87) were (1.010±0.580) min-1, (1.634 ± 1.481) min-1 and (0.735 ±0.273); the mean Ktrans, Kep and Ve of benign lesions (n=23) were (0.331±0.192) min - 1, (0.417±0.324) min - 1 and (0.847±0.291); and the mean Ktrans, Kep and Ve of normal glandular tissues (n =83) were (0.051 ±0.028) min-1, (0.133±0.125) min-1 and (0.597±0.354), respectively. There were significant differences between normal glandular tissues and benign lesions, normal glandular tissues and malignant lesions, benign and malignant lesions in Ktrans (t=9.681, 11.189, 5. 590, respectively, P ＜ 0. 01 ), normal glandular tissues and malignant lesions, benign and malignant lesions in Kep(t =5. 287, 3. 874, P＜0. 05). There were a statistic differences between normal glandular tissues and benign lesions, normal glandular tissues and malignant lesions in Ve(t =2. 932, 2. 562 ,P ＜0. 05). There were no significant differences between normal glandular tissues and benign lesions in Kep, benign and malignant lesions in Ve ( t = 0. 760, 0. 832, P ＞ 0.05 ),invasive ductal carcinoma and ductal carcinoma in situ (microinvasion included) in Ktrans, Kep and Ve(t =0.834,0.075,0.454,P＞0.05). The areas under the ROC curve (AUC) of Ktrans, Kep and Ve between malignant and benign lesions were 0. 934, 0. 941 and 0. 659. The sensitivity of Ktrans, Kep and Ve were 77.01% ,91.95% ,56. 32% and the specificity of Ktrans, Kep and Ve were 95. 65%, 86. 96%, 78.26% for the differential diagnosis of breast lesions if taken the maximum Youden's index as cut-off. Conclusion The differential diagnosis of benign and malignant breast lesions by Ktrans, Kep is applicable.     

3.0TDCE-MRI及DTI在胶质瘤分级中的价值

目的：探讨动态增强磁共振成像(DCE-MRI)及扩散张量成像(DTI)在胶质瘤分级中的价值。方法31例胶质瘤患者行3.0T DCE-MRI 及 DTI 检查,测量定量参数包括：容量转移常数(Ktrans )、血管外细胞外间隙容积比(Ve )、速率常数(Kep )、对比剂浓度下峰面积(iAUC)及相对各向异性分数(rFA)。低级别、高级别胶质瘤组间 DCE-MRI、rFA 参数与微血管密度(MVD)、微血管结构(MVS)相关性评估采用 Spearman 相关性检验。结果胶质瘤分级与 MVD 计数和 MVS 改变呈正相关。14例低级别胶质瘤的 Ktrans 值、Kep 值、Ve 值、iAUC 值及 rFA 值分别为(0.02±0.01)min-1、1.82(0.18~8.54)min-1、0.05±0.03、2.47±1.66和0.55±0.22;17例高级别胶质瘤参数值分别为(0.11±0.02)min-1、1.31(0.12~7.58)min-1、0.28±0.10、10.84±6.46和0.28±0.08。各参数值组间除 Kep 外,其他参数差异均有统计学意义(P <0.05)。Ktrans 、Ve 、iAUC 值与 MVD 计数及 MVS 呈正相关(P <0.05),rFA 值与MVD 计数及 MVS 呈负相关(P <0.01)。结论DCE-MRI、DTI 定量参数对胶质瘤分级以及肿瘤新生血管增生、血管微结构改变都有重要的评估价值。     

乳腺癌DCE-MRI定量参数与生物学预后因子的相关性研究

目的探讨乳腺癌动态增强磁共振成像(DCE-MRI)定量参数与生物学预后因子(ER、PR、HER-2、Ki-67)的相关性。方法对34例乳腺癌患者术前行DCE-MRI检查,测量癌组织的DCE-MRI定量参数(Ktrans、Kep、Ve)值。术后标本行免疫组织化学染色,测定肿瘤细胞ER、PR、HER-2、Ki-67表达情况。采用Mann-Whitney U秩和检验,比较ER、PR和HER-2不同表达状态时DCE-MRI定量参数的差异。采用Spearman等级相关检验,分析DCE-MRI定量参数与Ki-67表达的相关性。结果 ER、PR不同表达状态时,ER、PR表达阴性组的Kep值均高于阳性组,Kep值的差异均有统计学意义(P0.05),Ktrans和Ve值的差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。HER-2不同表达状态时,Ktrans、Kep、Ve值的差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。Ktrans值与Ki-67表达呈正相关(P0.001,r=0.731),Kep值与Ki-67表达呈正相关(P=0.019,r=0.477),Ve值与Ki-67表达无相关性(P0.05)。结论乳腺癌DCE-MRI定量参数与生物学预后因子间存在一定的相关性,Ktrans和Kep值可反映乳腺癌的生物学行为,能间接评估肿瘤预后并为指导临床治疗方案的选择提供参考。     

3.0T动态对比增强MRI对前列腺癌与前列腺增生的鉴别价值

目的 探讨动态对比增强磁共振成像(DCE-MRI)半定量及定量参数对前列腺癌(PCa)与前列腺增生(BPH)的鉴别价值.方法 本研究经医院伦理委员会批准,回顾性分析于本院行DCE-MRI扫描,并经病理证实的PCa患者24例(69.79岁±8.21岁)、BPH患者22例(69.77岁±10.36岁).扫描序列包括横轴位T1WI、T2WI及DCE-MRI.测量PCa及BPH病变半定量值:MxSlp、washout、AUC90、AUC180;定量值:转运常数(Ktrans)、速率常数(Kep)及血管外细胞外容积比(Ve)值.使用独立样本f检验比较以上各值,使用受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)评估各值对PCa和BPH的鉴别效能.结果 PCa与BPH的MxSlp、washout、AUC90、AUC180值间差异均无统计学意义(29.76±83.58 vs 8.65±4.51、1.29±3.36 vs 0.14±0.37、14.96±5.76 vs 12.76±4.21、28.80±14.08 vs 26.13±8.40),P值分别为0.243、0.117、0.150、0.443.PCa的Ktrans及Kep值均高于BPH[(0.36±0.11) min-1vs(0.24±0.11)min-1、(1.93±0.89) min-1vs (1.20±0.57) min-1)],P值分别为0.001、0.002.PCa与BPH的Ve值间差异无统计学意义(0.23±0.11 vs 0.25士0.18),P值为0.604.Ktrans及Kep值诊断PCa的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.813、0.737,当Ktrans值≥0.273 min-1,Kep值≥1.595 min-1时诊断PCa的灵敏度和特异度分别为79.2％和82.7％、62.5％和86.4％.结论 DCE-MRI可为PCa与BPH鉴别提供较可靠的定量值.     

DCE-MRI定量参数预测和监测喉癌及下咽癌同步放化疗疗效的价值

目的探讨动态增强MRI(dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging, DCE-MRI)相关定量参数对喉癌和下咽癌同步放化疗疗效预测和监测的作用。方法收集喉癌和下咽癌初诊患者32例,活检病理均为鳞状细胞癌。测量治疗前、治疗中(放疗剂量50Gy)、治疗末(治疗结束时)肿瘤的相关定量参数:容量转移常数(volume transfer constant, K~(trans))、速率常数(exchange rate constant, K_(ep))、细胞外血管外间隙容积比(V_e)。于治疗末判断肿瘤缓解情况。结果治疗末完全缓解组(complete response, CR)13例,部分缓解组(partial response, PR)19例。CR组与PR组分析比较显示:治疗前CR组参数值K~(trans)、K_(ep)、V_e分别为(0.234±0.115)/min、(1.208±0.366)/min、(0.231±0.084),PR组分别为(0.186±0.038)/min、(0.930±0.283)/min、(0.241±0.063),CR组治疗前K~(trans)、K_(ep)平均值较PR组高,V_e较PR组低,K_(ep)统计学差异显著(t值为2.419,P值为0.022);CR组与PR组治疗中定量参数及其变化值均无统计学差异(P值0.05)。ROC曲线分析结果显示以治疗前K_(ep)≥0.893/min预测疗效,其敏感性、特异性、准确率分别为92.3%、52.6%、68.75%,曲线下面积为0.745。结论治疗前DCE-MRI相关定量参数对于预测喉癌及下咽癌同步放化疗疗效有一定作用,以K_(ep)预测价值最大,治疗中DCE-MRI相关定量参数及其变化值对于监测肿瘤治疗后水分子扩散运动变化及血流动力学变化有一定价值,但尚不足以预测疗效。     

多模态MRI在宫颈癌病理分化程度及组织学分型的价值研究

目的:分析多模态磁共振成像(MRI)在宫颈癌病理分化程度及组织学分型的价值。方法:前瞻性选择2020年1-12月收治宫颈癌患者60例,据组织学分型分为宫颈鳞癌组及宫颈腺癌组,据病理分化程度分为高分化组、中分化组、低分化组。所有患者均行扩散加权成像(DWI)和动态增强磁共振成像(DCE-MRI)检查,比较各组患者表观弥散系数(ADC)值、转运常数(Ktrans)、血管外细胞外间隙体积百分数(Ve)及数率常数(Kep)水平,采用ROC曲线分析多模态MRI在宫颈癌病理分化程度及组织学分型的价值。结果:宫颈腺癌组患者ADC值明显低于宫颈鳞癌组,Ktrans、Ve、Kep水平明显高于宫颈鳞癌组(P<0.01)。ROC曲线分析得出ADC、Ktrans、Ve、Kep鉴别宫颈癌病理类型的AUC分别为0.726、0.798、0.719、0.685;DWI+DCE MRI鉴别宫颈癌病理类型的AUC为0.849。中、低分化组患者ADC水平明显低于高分化组,Ktrans、Ve、Kep水平明显高于高分化组,低分化组患者ADC水平明显低于中分化组,Ktrans、Ve、Kep水平明显高于中分化组(P<0...     

DCE-MRI半定量参数预测和监测喉癌和下咽癌同步放化疗疗效的价值

目的 探讨动态增强磁共振成像(DCE-MRI)相关半定量参数对喉癌和下咽癌同步放化疗疗效的预测和监测作用.方法 收集44例喉癌和下咽癌初诊患者,活检病理均为鳞状细胞癌,于治疗前、治疗中、治疗末行常规MRI及DCE-MRI扫描,获得肿瘤的时间-信号强度曲线(TIC)及相关半定量参数.于治疗末判断肿瘤缓解情况,并利用SPSS进行统计学分析.结果 治疗末完全缓解(CR)组22例,部分缓解(PR)组22例.治疗中达峰时间(TTP)、最大信号增强比率(SERmax)、正性增强积分(PEI)、注射对比剂后70 s、84 s的信号增强比率(SER70、SER84)较治疗前升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).CR组治疗前SERmax、SER42、SER56、SER70、SER84较PR组高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析结果显示以治疗前SER56≥129.4％预测肿瘤CR情况,其敏感性和特异性分别为60％、86.4％.不同TIC类型完全缓解率比较结果显示TICⅠ型较Ⅲ型完全缓解率高,分别为87.5％、39.3％,差异有统计学意义(P=0.041).结论 TIC类型及DCE-MRI相关半定量参数可预测喉癌及下咽癌同步放化疗疗效,半定量参数中以SER56预测价值最大,疗前TICⅠ型较Ⅲ型预后好.     

动态对比增强MRI对结肠癌肝转移瘤TACE治疗前后微循环灌注改变及近期疗效评价

目的 探讨结肠癌肝转移瘤经导管动脉化疗栓塞(TACE)治疗前后动态对比增强磁共振成像(DCE-MRI)各定量参数的变化及其对预后评估的价值.方法 对21例经病理证实为低分化腺癌的结肠癌肝转移患者分别于TACE术前及术后进行常规MRI和DCE-MRI扫描.以两腔室模型为基础,计算出定量血流动力学参数(Ktrans、Kep、Ve).比较TACE术前、术后各参数的变化;分别探讨患者近期疗效与TACE术后DCE-MRI各项参数的相关性;并比较不同预后患者TACE术后各参数的差别.结果 TACE术后肿瘤组织的Ktrans、Kep及Ve值呈下降趋势,且术前术后差别有统计学意义.DCE-MRI各项参数与CEA、CA125、CA199和CA242值无明显相关性.术后近期疗效评估示完全缓解3例(14.3％),部分缓解11例(52.4％),总有效率(RR) 66.7％,疾病控制率(DCR)90.5％.其中RR、PCR均与术后Ktrans值呈正相关(r=0.526,P=0.005;r=0.557,P=0.006),但与Kep、Ve值无明显相关性.结论 结肠癌肝转移瘤TACE治疗前后DCE-MRI各定量血流动力学参数变化显著,术后肿瘤组织中的Ktrans值可作为结肠癌肝转移TACE治疗早期疗效评估指标,为结肠癌肝转移瘤个体化治疗和治疗方案的修正提供依据,其远期疗效与DCE-MRI定量参数的相关性需进一步深入研究.     

Oral and oropharyngeal tumors

There is a large variability of tumors and tumor-like lesions, which are located in the oral cavity and oropharynx. But more than 90% of all tumors in this area are squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs). Other malignancies in this location are rare. About 10% of all oral and oropharyngeal tumors are benign. Congenital lesions, like vascular malformations, lingual thyroid or (epi-)dermoid cyst, usually become present in youth or childhood. Acquired lesions can be inflammatory (abscess) or neoplastic (pleomorphic adenoma and hemangioma). Preferred imaging in childhood are ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), while in adults usually computed tomography (CT) and MRI are more frequently used.     

原发性结外淋巴瘤在耳鼻及咽部的临床特点

目的 总结原发性结外淋巴瘤在耳、鼻及咽部的临床表现,以提高及时确诊率。方法 回顾性分析16例原发性结外淋巴瘤在耳、鼻及咽部的临床表现特点,特别是罕见的中耳淋巴瘤和少见的副鼻窦淋巴瘤的临床表现。结果 中耳淋巴瘤1例,以伴有疼痛的慢性分泌性中耳炎(传导性聋)、轻度面瘫为特点;扁桃体淋巴瘤7例,以咽异物感及单侧扁桃体肿大为特点;鼻及副鼻窦淋巴瘤2例,以血涕、鼻臭、下鼻甲黏膜粗糙,增厚为特点;鼻咽部淋巴瘤以血涕、头痛为特点;口咽部淋巴瘤以咽痛、发热、软腭溃疡、口臭为特点。结论 在发现耳、鼻及咽部病变时,掌握原发性结外淋巴瘤在耳、鼻及咽部的临床表现特点,及时行病理检查,是及时确诊的关键。     

乳腺癌术后肝转移癌的声像图特点

本文回顾性分析了１９８７－１１～１９９４－１１乳腺癌术后肝内占位性病变１２０例，其中９８例为转移癌，２２例为非均匀性脂肪肝、肝囊肿或血管瘤。采用针吸活检、诊断性化疗、综合影像学诊断及超声随访方法证实。乳腺癌术后出现脂肪肝的比例较高（４７％），肝转移伴脂肪肝者３５例（３６％），其声像图特点为内部呈低回声（６６％）及周围无低回声晕（６９％）；而不伴脂肪肝者６３例（６４％），其内部多呈等回声（５９％），常伴低回声晕（７６％）。脂肪肝的存在使肝脏回声衰减，可能导致占位显示不清而漏诊；脂肪肝的存在又往往使得一些占位病变表现不典型而误诊。当声像图不典型、鉴别诊断困难时，应做超声引导下穿刺活检予定性诊断。     

FDG PET/CT and Mediastinal Nodal Metastasis Detection in Stage T1 Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Prognostic Implications

Objective

We aimed to compare the prognoses of patients with pathologically true negative (P-TN) N2 and PET/CT false negative (FN) results in stage T1 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Materials and Methods

Our institutional review board approved this retrospective study with a waiver of informed consent. The study included 184 patients (124 men and 60 women; mean age, 59 years) with stage T1 NSCLC who underwent an integrated PET/CT and surgery. After estimating the efficacy of PET/CT for detecting N2 disease, we determined and compared disease-free survival (DFS) rates in three groups (P-TN [n = 161], PET/CT FN [n = 12], and PET/CT true positive [TP, n = 11]) using the Kaplan-Meier analysis and log-rank test.

Results

Pathologic N2 disease was observed in 23 (12%) patients. PET/CT had an N2 disease detection sensitivity of 48% (11 of 23 patients), a specificity of 95% (153 of 161), and an accuracy of 89% (164 of 184). The 3-year DFS rate in the PET/CT FN group (31%, 95% confidence interval [CI]; 13.6-48.0%) was similar to that of the TP group (16%, 95% CI; 1.7-29.5%) (p = 0.649), but both groups had significantly shorter DFS rates than the P-TN group (77%, 95% CI; 72.0-81.2%) (p < 0.001).

Conclusion

The PET/CT shows a high specificity, but low sensitivity for detecting N2 disease in stage T1 NSCLC. Patients with PET/CT FN N2 disease have survival rates similar to PET/CT TP N2 disease patients, which are both substantially shorter than the survival rate of P-TN patients.     

Lung metastases

The lungs are among the most prominent target organs for metastatic disease. Most frequently, lung metastases originate from cancers of the head and neck, breast, stomach, pancreas, kidney, bladder, the male and female genitourinary tract, and sarcomas. Plain chest radiography is typically the modality used for detection and therapeutic monitoring; however, the use of CT for these purposes is becoming more frequent. Currently, spiral CT appears to be the most sensitive imaging technique in the identification of metastases, because it detects a higher number of pulmonary nodules compared to other techniques. Pulmonary metastatic disease manifests itself by the presence of pulmonary nodules, lymphangitic carcinomatosis, endobronchial tumors, and pleural involvement. Nevertheless, the differential diagnosis is an important consideration, particularly in patients with solitary pulmonary nodules, systemic disorders, and signs or symptoms indicative of infection. The role of the radiologist involves the identification of metastatic disease, monitoring of response to therapy, and the use of invasive procedures when the differential diagnosis indicates the need for biopsy and histopathologic proof. The radiologist must be aware of the impact of his diagnosis on patient management and should be familiar with oncologic strategies as well as the terminology used to characterize tumor response. In future, the role of imaging may further expand due to the increased sensitivity in lesion detection, increased specificity in lesion (tissue) characterization using MR imaging, and reduced radiation exposure. Correspondence to: Christian J. Herold     

Follow-up Results After Negative Findings on Unenhanced Hepatic MR Imaging for Hepatic Metastasis from Rectal Cancer

Objective

To assess the follow-up results after negative findings on unenhanced hepatic MR imaging in rectal cancer patients who have undergone locally curative surgery.

Materials and Methods

From all pertinent imaging reports and medical records, we selected 255 patients who had negative results on unenhanced hepatic MR imaging. When selecting patients who had undergone curative resection, the following patients were excluded from the study: 1) patients in whom extrahepatic metastases were detected on preoperative staging work-ups, 2) patients in whom the surgery was judged to be non-curative due to peritoneal seeding or local aggressiveness. Cases with follow-up periods of less than 18 months were also excluded, as these cases were considered insufficient to confirm the negative outcomes. Thus, a total of 149 patients were ultimately enrolled in our study. The follow-up results of unenhanced MR imagings were assessed according to the assumption that the newly developed hepatic metastases had been false-negative lesions on preoperative MR image.

Results

During a median follow-up period of 29.3 months, 25 hepatic metastases were detected in 13 patients (8.7%), which indicated a negative predictive value of 91.3%.

Conclusion

Unenhanced hepatic MR imaging provides a high negative predictive value with regard to the detection of hepatic metastasis in the preoperative evaluation of rectal cancer.     

Carcinosarcoma of the Liver: A Case Report

Primary hepatic carcinosarcoma is a rare tumor comprised of a mixture of carcinomatous and sarcomatous elements. Less than 20 adequately documented cases have been reported, however the imaging features of two cases were briefly described. We present here a case of carcinosarcoma of the liver in a 46-year-old woman, which was confirmed based on pathology. Imaging showed a large mass with large necrotic portions, small cystic portions, calcifications and bone formations.     

高场MRI对喉及下咽癌术前分期价值的评价

目的评价高场MRI（1.5T）在喉、下咽癌术前分期中的价值。方法对36例喉、下咽癌患者的MRI资料进行回顾性分期，并与临床分期及手术病理分期相对照。结果MRI对各期喉、下咽癌的准确率分别是T192%，T286%，T386%，T4100%。临床分期准确率分别是T1100%，T286%，T357%，T422%。MRI和临床分期总准确率分别是92%，69%。二者之间有显著性差异。结论高场MRI通过不同加权像的对比和从多角度准确显示肿瘤的部位形态及浸润范围，因而显著性提高喉、下咽癌术前分期的准确性。     

腹腔镜手术治疗子宫恶性肿瘤的应用价值

目的 研究腹腔镜下广泛全子宫切除术、盆腔淋巴结切除术治疗早期子宫恶性肿瘤的应用价值.方法 回顾性分析34例经腹腔镜和30例开腹手术治疗的临床Ⅰ～Ⅱ期子宫恶性肿瘤患者的临床资料,比较两组的手术时间、术中出血量、并发症、术后恢复情况及淋巴结切除数目等.结果 两组的手术时间、并发症发生率无显著性差异.腹腔镜组的术中出血量为247.13±127.62ml,明显少于同期开腹手术者(904.51±428.37ml,P＜0.01).腹腔镜组淋巴结切除数为23.2±5.8个,多于开腹组淋巴结切除数(16.5±3.8,P＜0.01).术后胃肠功能恢复时间,腹腔镜组为26.4±8.3h,开腹组为54.6±13.5h,两组间有显著性差异(P＜0.01).术后随访11个月两组均未见复发病例.结论 腹腔镜下广泛全子宫切除术、盆腔淋巴结切除术获得满意的效果,近期疗效肯定,远期疗效尚需进一步随访分析.     

MR Imaging of papillary renal neoplasms: potential application for characterization of small renal masses

The purpose of our study was to evaluate the role of MRI in demonstrating the precise nature of papillary renal tumors (P RCC) and its potential application to select patients for partial surgery. Ninety-seven tumors less than or equal to 3 cm in size [55 papillary renal cell carcinoma - 42 clear cell renal carcinoma (CC RCC)] were preoperatively evaluated by MRI. Imaging findings were assessed with a special focus on the aspect of the tumoral process. Correlations were performed with pathologic staging after surgery. At pathology, 92 tumors were established to be staged p T1 and 5 were p T3 ( 3 cases of CC RCC and 2 cases of P RCC). Ninety-four percent of papillary tumors exhibited low signal intensity with homogeneous pattern on T2-weighted images. All clear cell carcinoma were hyperintense and heterogeneous on T2-weighted sequence. Enhancement was lower and delayed in the papillary type in comparison with the clear cell type. MRI is accurate enough to predict the ‘histologic‘ nature of papillary renal carcinoma. It is an additional argument to propose that the tumor can be removed by partial surgery.