腰椎间盘突出症翻修患者的MRI表现

目的探讨腰椎间盘突出症再手术患者的MRI表现。方法回顾性分析1998年1月至2007年12月174例腰椎间箍突出症翻修患者的MRI资料。结果本组174例,男102例,女72例;年龄28～81岁,平均46．8岁。距初次手术时间7d～6年。所有患者均在手术前行MRI检查。其中61例同时行Gd增强扫描。结论MRI对腰椎间盘突出症翻修的原因大多能很好的做出诊断,但对椎弓根螺钉位置不当引起的神经根刺激却不如CT。     

椎间盘镜治疗腰椎间盘突出症80例分析

目的 探讨椎间盘镜系统治疗腰椎间盘突出症的手术适应症、手术方法及近期疗效。方法 应用Rudolf椎间盘镜系统手术治疗腰椎间盘突出症80例,87个椎间盘。L3-4 6间隙、L4-5 33间隙、L5-S1 48间隙。双间隙突出7例,合并椎管狭窄8例,纤维环破裂18例。平均椎间盘手术55分钟,平均椎间盘出血量45ml。结果 手术随访平均13个月,（3～26个月）,优67例、良10例、可3例、优良率96．25％,并发症：硬膜破裂1例,神经牵拉伤1例,椎间盘感染1例,遗漏游离髓核1例。结论 椎间盘镜系统治疗腰椎间盘突出症手术视野清楚,出血少,术后恢复快,对脊柱稳定结构损伤小,疗效佳。     

腰椎间盘突出症翻修患者的MRI表现

目的：探讨腰椎间盘突出症再手术患者的MRI表现。方法：回顾性分析1998年1月至2007年12月174例腰椎间盘突出症翻修患者的MRI资料。结果：男102例,女72例。年龄28～81岁,平均46．8岁。距初次手术时间7天～6年。所有患者均在手术前行MRI检查。其中61例同时行Gd增强扫描。结论：MRI对腰椎间盘突出症翻修的原因大多能很好的做出诊断,但对椎弓根螺钉位置不当引起的神经根刺激患者却不如CT。     

显微椎间盘镜治疗腰椎间盘突出症

目的探讨显微内镜腰椎间盘切除术(microendoscopy discectomy,MED)治疗腰椎间盘突出症的疗效. 方法回顾分析MED治疗59例腰椎间盘突出症的临床资料,总结经验教训. 结果 59例随访4～24个月,平均15个月,按Macnab评定标准,优43例,良14例,可1例,差1例,术后出现神经功能障碍,优良率96.6%(57/59). 结论 MED是包容性腰椎间盘突出症的首先治疗方法,严格掌握手术适应证及提高手术技巧是MED成功的关键.     

椎间盘置换术治疗腰椎间盘突出症

目的：探讨人工椎间盘置换术治疗腰椎间盘突出症的临床效果。方法：对6例腰椎间盘突出症息者用Link SB ChariteⅢ型人工腰椎间盘行椎间盘置换术，共置换假体6例。手术节段为L4、5 4例，L5S1 2例。结果：随访3～9个月，平均6个月，术中和术后未出现并发症，术后X线片显示人工椎间盘位置正确，椎间隙高度恢复正常，5例患者腰腿痛症状完全消失，直腿抬高试验阴性，1例劳累后仍感腰痛，6例均恢复工作和日常生活能力。临床评价：优5例，良1例。结论：人工椎间盘置换术是治疗椎间盘突出症的有效方法，近期效果满意，但应严格掌握手术适应证。     

CT椎间盘造影诊断腰椎间盘突出症

７３例临床疑诊为腰椎间盘突出症的患者作了脊髓造影和ＣＴ椎间盘造影检查。手术治疗５３例，其中突出４５例５１个间隙。两种方法的阳性率分别为７０％和９２％。ＣＴ椎间盘造影影像能清晰显示突出物的大小、部位，硬膜囊神经根受压、造影剂充填、关节突退变情况。当其它辅助检查仍不能明确定性和定位诊断时，ＣＴ椎间盘造影可帮助确诊，尤其对Ｌ＿５－Ｓ＿１椎间盘突出意义更大。     

后路椎间盘镜治疗腰椎间盘突出症

显微内窥镜椎间盘切除(Mcroedoscopy discectomgy,MED)是20世纪90年代中期由美国发明的新技术,国内1997年引进并应用于临床[1].我院自2000年10月至2001年12月共开展此项手术72例,取得满意疗效,报告如下:     

显微椎间盘镜治疗腰椎间盘突出症疗效分析

目的通过后路显微内窥镜椎间盘摘除术的临床应用，探讨其技术要点和临床效果。方法对116例(143个间隙)腰椎间盘突出症患者施行后路显微内窥镜椎间盘摘除术。对其疗效进行回顾性分析。结果本组病人均在术后7d内出院。全组病人均获得随访，平均随访时间5．5个月，术后按Macnnab标准评级：优68例，良39例，可9例，优良率92．2％。结论后路显微内窥镜椎间盘摘除术手术创伤小，基本不影响脊柱稳定性，术后恢复快且疗效肯定。     

椎间盘镜手术治疗腰椎间盘突出症体会

椎间盘突出是骨科一种常见病和多发病，目前，治疗椎间盘突出症国际、国内最先进最可靠的方法是经皮椎间盘镜间盘突出摘除术。我院从2001年引进椎间盘镜，至今用椎间盘镜手术系统治疗腰椎间盘突出症与腰椎管狭窄症106例，效果良好。     

椎间盘镜治疗腰椎间盘突出症177例的临床疗效分析

目的总结椎间盘镜（MED）治疗腰椎间盘突出的临床效果,探讨其适应证、技术要点。方法对177例（213个间隙）腰椎间盘突出症患者施行后路显微内窥镜椎间盘摘除术,对其疗效进行回顾性分析。结果本组患者均在术后7d内出院;全组患者均获得随访,平均随访时间7．8个月,术后按Macnnab标准行功能评级：优141例,良27例,可9例,优良率94．9％。结论椎间盘镜摘除术具有手术创伤小、出血量少、脊柱稳定性影响小、住院时间短的特点,是脊柱微创外科的发展方向之一。     

合并椎间盘突出的退变性腰椎滑脱椎间盘形态改变及其意义

【摘要】 目的：观察合并椎间盘突出的退变性腰椎滑脱（lumbar degenerative spondylo-listhesis,LDS）患者的椎间盘影像学特点,探讨椎间盘退变程度、椎间隙角度及高度与退变性腰椎滑脱间的关系。方法：以2009年10月～2011年11月我院和石景山医院收治的合并L4/5椎间盘突出的退变性腰椎滑脱患者37例作为观察组,另选同期单纯L4/5椎间盘突出症患者38例作为对照组,对L4/5椎间盘退变程度按照Pfirrmann法分级,CT测定L4/5椎间盘正中矢状面的椎间隙角度和椎间隙高度,对所得数据进行统计分析。结果：观察组L4/5椎间盘MRI退变程度B、C、D、E级分别为1、25、8及1例,对照组分别为2、21、13及2例,两组椎间盘退变程度间差异没有显著性（P>0.05）;CT测量L4/5椎间隙角度观察组和对照组分别为3.08°±1.87°和6.48°±2.92°,对照组椎间隙角度明显大于观察组（P<0.05）;椎间隙高度观察组和对照组分别为8.46±1.81mm和9.38±2.46mm,两组间比较差异没有显著性（P>0.05）。结论：椎间隙角度减小,可能是退变性腰椎滑脱发病的重要因素之一。     

颈椎间盘突出的MRI测量及MRI临床应用价值

目的探讨颈椎间盘突出的MRI测量指标的科学性和临床应用价值.方法采用椎间盘突出的二个测量指数--矢状径和横径指数(STI)、矢径指数(SI)并对矢状T2WI图像脊髓信号异常及信号正常的60例颈椎间盘突出进行了测量和分析.结果颈椎间盘突出测量矢状T2WI脊髓信号异常及信号正常的STI均数之间有明显的差异(P<0.01),SI均数之间有非常显著性差异,(P<0.001).结论把矢状T2WI脊髓情况与STI、SI测量相结合,STI与SI指标作为衡量颈椎间盘突出程度及脊髓有无受压损伤的量化指标客观可靠,SI更简化更实用.可作为MRI间接评估颈椎间盘突出脊髓受压损伤的方法,并可指导临床治疗和评估预后.     

磁共振成象（MRI）诊断腰椎间盘突出症

本文报告了１００例术前经磁共振成象（ＭＲＩ）诊断为腰椎间盘突出症患者的手术探查的结果。其诊断正确率为８６．５％，假阳性１０例（７．５％），假阴性８例（６％），与ＣＴ的正确率相仿．ＭＲＩ具有对软组织的高分辨率，无侵袭性，无放射性以及可以做多方面的扫描等优点，在经过技术上的改进后，定将具有更大的临床意义。     

Disc degeneration of cervical spine on MRI in patients with lumbar disc herniation: comparison study with asymptomatic volunteers

An association between progression of cervical disc degeneration and that of lumbar disc degeneration has been considered to exist. To date, however, this association has not yet been adequately studied. Age-related changes in the cervical intervertebral discs were evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with lumbar disc herniation, and compared with the MRI findings of healthy volunteers without lower back pain. The purpose of this study was to clarify whether the prevalence of asymptomatic cervical disc degeneration is higher in patients with lumbar disc herniation than in healthy volunteers. The study was conducted on 51 patients who were diagnosed as having lumbar disc herniation and underwent cervical spine MRI. The patients consisted of 34 males and 17 females ranging in age from 21–83 years (mean 46.9 ± 14.5 years) at the time of the study. The control group was composed of 113 healthy volunteers (70 males and 43 females) aged 24–77 years (mean 48.9 ± 14.7 years), without neck pain or low back pain. The percentage of subjects with degenerative changes in the cervical discs was 98.0% in the lumbar disc herniation group and 88.5% in the control group (p = 0.034). The presence of lumbar disc herniation was associated significantly with decrease in signal intensity of intervertebral disc and posterior disc protrusion in the cervical spine. None of the MRI findings was significantly associated with the gender, smoking, sports activities, or BMI. As compared to healthy volunteers, patients with lumbar disc herniation showed a higher prevalence of decrease in signal intensity of intervertebral disc and posterior disc protrusion on MRI of the cervical spine. The result of this study suggests that disc degeneration appears to be a systemic phenomenon.     

椎间盘切除Dynesys动态稳定系统固定治疗腰椎间盘突出症的中长期疗效

目的 :回顾性分析椎间盘切除+Dynesys动态稳定系统固定治疗腰椎间盘突出症的中长期疗效。方法 :2008年7月~2012年7月因腰椎间盘突出症在我院行椎间盘切除+Dynesys动态稳定系统内固定治疗的患者84例,其中61例获得完整随访资料,男38例,女23例;年龄31~58岁(46.3±11.5岁),随访时间60~108个月(74±14个月)。术前、术后3个月和末次随访时采用疼痛视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale,VAS)和Oswestry功能障碍指数(Oswestry disability index,ODI)评估,同时行影像学评估,包括手术节段及上位相邻节段椎间隙高度、椎间活动度(rang of motion,ROM)、UCLA椎间隙退变分级(University of California at Los Angeles)以及椎间盘退变Pfirrmann分级。结果:术后3个月、末次随访时VAS评分和ODI均较术前明显改善(P0.05),所有病例均未见椎间盘突出复发。手术节段椎间隙高度术后3个月(12.3±2.3mm)较术前(11.8±1.8mm)增加,末次随访时(10.1±1.7mm)较术前降低(P0.05);上位相邻节段各时间点无显著性差异。手术节段椎间ROM在术后3个月及末次随访分别为5.3°±1.8°及3.6°±1.9°,与术前(8.1°±2.8°)比较均显著性降低(P0.05);上位相邻节段ROM在术后3个月和末次随访分别10.3°±3.8°和11.4°±3.7°,均较术前(8.5°±3.0°)显著性增加(P0.05)。末次随访时手术节段UCLA分级与术前比较有统计学差异(P0.05),12例(19.7%)上位相邻节段发生影像学退变,1例发生症状学退变(adjacent segment degeneration,ASD)。手术节段和上位邻近节段术前与末次随访椎间盘Pfirmman分级均有统计学差异(P0.05)。2例出现螺钉断裂,未发生螺钉松动等其他并发症。结论:腰椎间盘切除后应用Dynesys动态稳定系统内固定治疗腰椎间盘突出症可获得满意的中长期疗效,能维持手术节段稳定,保留手术节段部分椎间活动度。     

K-ROD系统治疗腰椎间盘突出伴相邻节段退变的疗效

目的 探讨K-ROD系统治疗腰椎间盘突出伴相邻节段退变的临床疗效.方法 将20例腰椎间盘突出伴相邻节段退变的患者按照手术方式的不同分为观察组(采用K-ROD系统治疗,11例)和对照组(采用单节段后路椎体间融合治疗,9例).观察两组手术情况、临床疗效(腰、腿部疼痛VAS评分和功能障碍指数)和影像学指标(椎间隙高度和椎间活...     

Massive lumbar disc herniation with complete dural sac stenosis

Background:

Large lumbar disc herniation (LDH) has been reported to have a greater tendency to resolve in clinical and pathomorphological evolutions. However, various definitions of large LDH have been used without validation, and the clinical symptoms of large LDH have not been fully elucidated. We conducted a retrospective analysis to determine the clinical characteristics and treatment outcome of massive LDH with complete dural sac stenosis

Materials and Methods:

We retrospectively reviewed 33 cases of LDH with complete dural sac stenosis on magnetic resonance imaging. Complete dural sac stenosis was defined as no recognizable rootlet and cerebrospinal fluid signal on T2-weighed axial MR images. The clinical outcome parameters included back pain, leg pain, Oswestry disability index (ODI), and neurological dysfunction. The paired t-test and Wilcoxon''s signed rank test were used to compare serial changes in back pain, leg pain and neurological dysfunction.

Results:

Mean duration of followup was 66 months (range 24 - 108 months). There were 24 male and 9 female. The mean age was 37 years (range 20 - 53 years). At presentation, mean visual analogue scales for back pain and leg pain were 75.3 ± 19.1 (range 12 - 100) and 80.2 ± 14.6 (range 0 -100), respectively. Mean ODI was 67.1 ± 18.8 (range 26 - 88). Neurological dysfunction was found in 9 patients (27.3%), and the bowel/bladder dysfunction was found in 2 patients (3.1%). Conservative treatment was performed in 21 patients (63.6%) with satisfactory results. Seven patients underwent decompressive surgery, and 5 underwent posterolateral fusion.

Conclusions:

A massive LDH with complete dural sac stenosis was found to be associated with severe back and leg pain at presentation, however surgical treatment can be deferred unless significant neurological symptoms occur.     

两种不同术式治疗中青年腰椎间盘突出症患者疗效比较

目的 比较单纯腰椎间盘髓核摘除术(LD)与腰椎间盘髓核摘除加棘突间非融合弹性内固定术( LD with Coflex system)治疗中青年腰椎间盘突出症(LDH)患者的疗效.方法 收集郑州大学第一附属医院骨科2009年1月至2011年12月接受LD(A组)患者53例,随访时间(21.9±12.6)个月;接受LD with Coflex system(B组)患者21例,随访时间(13.0±9.7)个月.随访期间观察所有随访患者术前及术后的目本矫形外科协会评分(JOA)评分,比较两组受访者疗效.结果 术前术后3个月JOA评分A组为(13.3±1.2,19.0±1.1),B组为(13.0±1.2,19.4±1.3),两组比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);术后12个月和24个月JOA评分A组为(21.9±1.2、24.2±0.9),B组为(25.1±0.8、27.0±1.0),两组比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 LD with Coflex system 在治疗中青年LDH患者远期疗效优于LD,此术式对中青年患者更有利.     

经皮穿刺腰椎间盘髓核摘除术疗效分析

目的：分析经皮穿刺腰椎间盘髓核摘除术（ＰＬＤ）治疗腰椎间盘突出症的疗效。方法：Ｃ地ＰＯＬＤ治疗的１４６例腰椎间盘突出症患者病程、年龄与疗效的关系进行分批 ３－４２个月随访,优良率达８７．６７％,无严重并发症。病程在２年以内者疗效优于２年以上者（Ｐ〈０．０１）。结论手术时机对治疗效果有明显影响,而年龄与疗效无明显关系。     

Transradicular lumbar disc herniation: An extreme variant of intraradicular disc herniation

Intradural or intraradicular lumbar disc herniation (IDH) is a relatively rare condition often diagnosed intraoperatively. We encountered an extreme variant of IDH - a transradicular herniation as the disc material extruded through the lumbar nerve root through a split essentially transecting the nerve root. While failure to recognize intradural and intraradicular disc herniation can lead to failed back surgery, the variant described in the present case could lead to iatrogenic injury and complication if not recognized. A unique case of transradicular lumbar disc herniation in a 25-year-old patient is presented with the depiction of intraoperative images supplementing the text.