Retrograde colon intussusception in an adult due to adenoma: Treatment by combined laparoscopic and endoscopic approach

This report describes the case of a young patient who underwent laparoscopic surgery to reduce for a retrograde intussusception of the sigmoid‐descending colon caused by adenoma of the sigmoid colon. A 36‐year‐old woman visited our hospital, complaining primarily of vomiting and abdominal pain. Abdominal CT scan showed the typical finding of intussusception. An emergency colonoscopy revealed that the invaginated colon with a polypoid mass was protruding into the descending colon. A gastrografin enema showed the invaginated bowel segment at the descending colon. We performed endoscopic polypectomy and then hand‐assisted laparoscopic reduction. The pathological finding showed tubular adenoma. Laparoscopy is a diagnostic or therapeutic tool for selected cases of adult intussusception. Benign tumor is one of the causes of intussusception in adults and a good indication for laparoscopic surgery.     

直肠套叠折叠加悬吊治疗重度完全性直肠脱垂

目的探讨治疗重度直肠脱垂的手术方法。方法收集了1990年2月至2008年10月期间的4例重度完全性直肠脱垂患者,用直肠套叠、折叠加悬吊的手术方法进行治疗。结果全部病例手术效果良好。结论用直肠套叠折叠加悬吊的手术方法治疗重度直肠脱垂,手术方法简单、疗效显著。     

三维肛管直肠腔内超声对出口梗阻性便秘患者的诊断意义

目的应用三维肛管直肠腔内超声（3D-endoanal ultrasound）方法对出口梗阻性便秘患者进行图像分析,以期提高对出口梗阻性便秘患者的临床诊断认识。方法回顾性分析采用三维肛管直肠腔内超声（B—K2050）检查对60例出口梗阻性便秘患者进行图像采集。结果直肠前突32例,直肠黏膜内套叠46例,耻骨直肠肌肥厚痉挛13例,肠疝23例,其中直肠前突合并直肠黏膜内套叠28例,合并肠疝11例;耻骨直肠肌肥厚痉挛合并直肠黏膜内套叠7例;直肠黏膜内套叠合并肠疝19例。结论三维肛管直肠腔内超声检查方法对出口梗阻性便秘患者有临床诊断意义。     

直肠及乙状结肠癌CT评价——用水作造影剂

本文报告了用水作灌肠造影剂的直肠及乙状结肠CT检查37例,其中14例为正常对照,23例为经手术病理证实的直肠或乙状结肠癌。笔者对水作灌肠造影剂的应用价值以及直肠或乙状结肠癌的CT表现和CT分期等问题进行了初步讨论。     

磁共振与X线排粪造影诊断女性出口梗阻型便秘的对比

目的探讨磁共振与X线排粪造影诊断女性出口梗阻型便秘患者的临床价值比较。方法选取我院肛肠科明确诊断的出口梗阻型便秘患者80例作为研究对象，对患者的X线排粪造影和磁共振排粪造影资料进行回顾性分析，以临床确诊结果作为诊断标准，计算两种造影方式诊断的符合率，对比两种造影对不同病因导致的出口梗阻型便秘病因的诊断差异。结果以临床确诊病因作为标准，X线排粪造影诊断直肠粘膜脱垂、直肠套叠、结肠疝、小肠疝、会阴下降的符合率均为100%，X线排粪造影诊断膀胱脱垂、子宫脱垂、宫颈旁囊肿、骶骨旁囊肿的符合率均较低，分别为11.76%、8.33%、11.11%、12.50%；磁共振排粪造影诊断骶骨旁囊肿、宫颈旁囊肿、膀胱脱垂、子宫脱垂的符合率均较高，分别为100.00%、8.33%、11.11%、12.50%；磁共振排粪造影诊断直肠套叠、会阴下降、小肠疝、结肠疝、直肠肌痉挛、直肠粘膜脱垂、直肠前突与临床确诊病因的符合率较低；X线排粪造影对直肠前突、直肠粘膜脱垂、直肠套叠、会阴下降的诊断符合率高于磁共振排粪造影，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）；磁共振排粪造影对骶骨旁囊肿、宫颈旁囊肿、膀胱脱垂、子宫脱垂的诊断符合率高于X线排粪造影，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。结论结直肠病变引起的出口梗阻型便秘采用X线排粪造影诊断符合率较高，但是对因膀胱脱垂、子宫脱垂、宫颈旁囊肿、骶骨旁囊肿引起的出口梗阻型便秘诊断敏感性不佳，磁共振排粪造影诊断方式对于X线排粪造影具有较好的补充作用。      

Clinical study of 81 gastrointestinal carcinoid tumors.

The behavior and treatment of gastrointestinal carcinoid tumors have been the subject of much discussion. Size, location, and histologic invasiveness have been shown to correlate with regional and remote metastasis in previous series. We reviewed 81 patients with gastrointestinal carcinoids seen at the Medical University of South Carolina Teaching Hospitals since 1950. An unusual case of a 0.5 cm primary ileal carcinoid with widespread intra-abdominal and hepatic metastases is documented. In this series carcinoids were found (in order of decreasing frequency) in the ileum, appendix, rectum, right colon, duodenum, jejunum, stomach, ampulla of Vater, sigmoid colon, and pancreas. Metastases were found in 17% of the overall group. Two carcinoids presented with intussusception, while one was found within a Meckel's diverticulum. In addition to the small metastatic ileal carcinoid, one patient with a rectal carcinoid measuring 0.4 cm was found to have metastases after low anterior resection. Because all extra-appendiceal gastrointestinal carcinoids are potentially metastatic, it is stressed that regional lymphadenectomy en bloc with primary excision is the treatment of choice wherever feasible. If the lesion is small or has not invaded deeply, local excision with close follow-up may be an acceptable alternative.     

Appendiceal submucosal mass as presentation of intestinal endometriosis

Submucosal lesions are mass‐like protuberances into the gastrointestinal lumen covered by normal mucosa. Making a definitive diagnosis is difficult because of the number of benign and malignant lesions and extrinsic compression. Here we report the case of a 42‐year‐old woman referred for colon polypectomy. Colonoscopy revealed a polypoid formation with externalization from the appendicular orifice covered by normal mucosa and another formation at the sigmoid colon. The histopathology of both lesions was normal. Endoscopic ultrasound showed a hypoechoic lesion that was slightly heterogeneous in the fourth layer, and CT colonography confirmed the findings. Surgical therapy with ileocolic resection and resection of the sigmoid lesion was performed. Surgical specimens revealed an appendicular intussusception by endometriosis and endometrial foci in the sigmoid. Intestinal endometriosis may have several presentations, but it should always be considered in the differential diagnosis of a submucosal lesion in the colon.     

Positive guaiac and bloody stool are poor predictors of intussusception

Background

Currant jelly stool is a late manifestation of intussusception and is rarely seen in clinical practice. Other forms of GI bleeding have not been thoroughly studied and little is known about their respective diagnostic values.

管状吻合器在乙状结肠造口术中的应用

目的：探讨管状吻合器用于乙状结肠造口术的优点及应用技巧。方法：回顾分析应用管状吻合器行乙状结肠造口术的53例直肠癌患者的临床资料。结果：53例患者的手术均获成功,无手术死亡。术后人工肛门平坦,易护理。术后随访发现1例造口回缩,2例造口狭窄,1例造口旁疝。结论：应用管状吻合器行乙状结肠造口术,手术简单,并发症少,人工肛门护理方便的优点。     

两种腹腔镜手术方案在乙状结肠癌患者中的疗效对比

目的对比传统腹腔镜乙状结肠癌根治术与腹部无切口经直肠取出标本腹腔镜手术的近期疗效。方法以2015年1月-2016年12月于该院拟实施腹腔镜辅助乙状结肠癌根治手术的患者中选出34例实施腹部无切口经直肠取出标本腹腔镜乙状结肠癌根治术的患者作为腹部无切口组。以1∶2的配对方式选择同期内年龄、性别一致,体质指数(BMI)相近的实施腹腔镜辅助乙状结肠癌根治手术的患者68例作为对照组。对比两种腹腔镜手术方案的手术时间、手术出血量、术后排气时间、术后疼痛评分、手术并发症、术后住院时间、附加镇痛处理情况、肠管切除长度、近远端切缘、肿瘤大小、淋巴结清扫数目和p TNM分期。结果腹部无切口组乙状结肠癌患者的手术时间、手术出血量明显高于对照组,腹部无切口组乙状结肠癌患者的术后排气时间、术后清醒时疼痛评分、术后第1天的疼痛评分明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);两组乙状结肠癌患者的肠管切除长度、远近端切缘、肿瘤大小、淋巴结清扫数目和p TNM分期差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。腹部无切口组随访5~8个月,平均6个月;对照组随访6~9个月,平均7个月,均未发现肿瘤局部复发及远处转移。结论相比于传统腹腔镜手术,腹部无切口经直肠取出标本腹腔镜乙状结肠癌根治术可以明显降低患者的疼痛程度,缩短术后排气时间,肿瘤根治效果相近。     

Intussusception. A case that suggests a new cardinal symptom--lethargy

Intussusception is an uncommon condition, but it is the most frequent cause of bowel obstruction in infants and children aged 3 months to 5 years. If undiagnosed, it can result in bowel necrosis, perforation, and even death. Four cardinal signs and symptoms (abdominal pain, rectal bleeding, vomiting, and abdominal mass) are described in patients with intussusception, but these manifestations are not always present and their absence may lead to misdiagnosis. Lethargy might be considered a fifth cardinal symptom. As demonstrated in this case, lethargy may be a significant presenting feature in an infant with no history of abdominal pain, and in association with the other cardinal symptoms, it may be an early indication of a significant illness such as intussusception. Awareness of this association may result in an earlier diagnosis and an improved outcome in patients with intussusception.     

Adult colocolic intussusception: demonstration by conventional MR techniques: a case report

Intussusception is a rare condition in adults. We report a case of a 69-year-old woman referred to our institution for lower left quadrant abdominal pain, weight loss, and occasional episodes of constipation and rectal hemorrhage. The patient underwent plain radiography, ultrasonography, and magnetic resonance imaging of the pelvis. The final diagnosis was colocolic intussusception due to a neoplastic lead point.     

Intussusception in infants: an emergency in diagnosis and treatment.

Intussusception is an important cause of intestinal obstruction and bowel necrosis in infants under 2 years. Most frequently the ileocaecal junction is involved. Various aetiologic factors, such as Meckel's diverticulum and lymphoid hyperplasia have been identified. Hydrostatic reduction of the intussusception should be attempted, but delay in diagnosis frequently leads to surgical intervention, because of failing reduction. We report a case of a 4-month-old boy whose ileocaecal junction was intussuscepted into the rectum, and therefore could be palpated by rectal examination. Unsuccessful hydrostatic reduction and bowel necrosis because of delay in diagnosis, made surgical intervention necessary. A terminal ileostomy was performed. A second case report considers a 10-month-old boy whose ileocaecal junction was intussuscepted into the colon sigmoideum. Because there was no delay in diagnosis, this intussusception could be reduced hydrostatically. The procedure however was difficult because of a dolichosigmoideum. Recent literature is also reviewed.     

内置水囊法超声诊断直肠和乙状结肠小肿瘤的价值

目的探讨内置水囊法超声诊断直肠和乙状结肠小肿瘤的价值。方法122例患者经直肠和乙状结肠内置水囊,并注入水300~500ml,在其充盈后进行超声检查。结果内置水囊下直肠和乙状结肠的小肿瘤为低回声,超声诊断结果与手术和病理对照,超声定位诊断符合率占84%,定性诊断符合率占88%。结论内置水囊法超声显像对直肠和乙状结肠小肿瘤有较高检出率,术前内置水囊法超声显像有一定价值。     

Short-term clinical and oncological outcomes after single-incision plus one-port laparoscopic surgery for rectosigmoid cancer: a retrospective clinical analysis of 30 cases

ObjectiveTo evaluate the safety and feasibility of single-incision laparoscopic surgery+1 (SILS+1) radical resection of sigmoid and upper rectal cancer.MethodsThe clinical data of 30 consecutive patients with sigmoid and upper rectal cancer who underwent SILS+1 radical resection between October 2018 and January 2020 in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. An initial 5-cm periumbilical transverse incision was made. Then, a multiport device was placed in the umbilical incision. Two 10-mm ports were used for laparoscope insertion, and the other two ports were used for laparoscope device insertion. A 12-mm trocar was placed in the right lower abdominal quadrant under laparoscopic view and served as the surgeon’s dominant operating channel.ResultsAll operations were performed successfully without conversion to conventional laparoscopic surgery or open operation. Three patients developed postoperative complications: one patient developed ileus, one developed postoperative bleeding, and one developed wound infection. There were no perioperative deaths.ConclusionsThe safety and feasibility of SILS+1 radical resection of sigmoid and upper rectal cancer was established by experienced surgeons in our study. However, further studies are needed to demonstrate the advantages of this procedure compared with the benefits of conventional laparoscopic surgery.     

腹腔镜与常规开腹手术治疗老年人乙状结肠癌及直肠癌的临床对比研究

目的：研究老年人在腹腔镜下行乙状结肠癌及直肠癌根治术的可行性,比较其与常规开腹手术的近期临床效果。方法：185例乙状结肠癌和（或）直肠癌老年患者（年龄〉70岁）,分为经腹腔镜行根治术组（L组）112例与常规开腹根治术组（O组）73例。L组患者施行腹腔镜下肿瘤根治性切除手术,标本经耻骨联合上横切口取出;O组患者施行常规的过脐正中切口根治手术。比较2组患者的手术时间、清扫淋巴结数、住院费用、疼痛指数、术后消化道功能恢复时间、术后导尿管留置率及术后并发症（切口脂肪液化或感染、吻合口瘘、腹腔脓肿、深静脉血栓、脑部并发症及肺部感染）发生率。结果：2组均无死亡病例,L组无中转手术。L组与O组手术时间分别为（109.7±11.3）min、（121.5±12.2）min;清扫淋巴结数分别为（18.5±2.3）个、（16.6±2.5）个;住院费用分别为人民币（3.57±0.67）万元、（2.98±0.55）万元,P〉0.05;疼痛指数分别为3.6±0.6、8.2±1.1;术后消化道功能恢复时间分别为（37.5±6.6）h、（58.3±7.9）h;术后导尿管留置率分别为6.2%、24.6%;术后并发症发生率分别为4.5%和14.9%,（P〈0.05）。结论：术前经充分准备后,老年患者在腹腔镜下行乙状结肠癌和（或）直肠癌根治术是安全可行的,其近期临床效果优于常规开腹手术。     

Abdominal surgical emergencies in infants and young children

Surgical emergencies can be missed easily in children, who are not always able to volunteer relevant information. Awareness of the entities discussed in this review might help the EP uncover subtle clues to early diagnoses that might not be initially apparent. Ill-appearing children who have abdominal pain and vomiting should be considered to have ischemic or necrotic bowel until proven otherwise. Possible diagnoses include volvulus, intussusception, and necrotizing enterocolitis. Bilious vomiting, especially in a young infant, should be considered to be an indication of a high bowel obstruction such as midgut volvulus, which warrants immediate surgical consultation. Significant rectal bleeding with abdominal pain can result from intussusception, volvulus, or an inflamed Meckel's diverticulum. Rectal bleeding with unstable vital signs can result from an upper GI bleed (eg, peptic ulcer disease). Painless rectal bleeding can result from a Meckel's diverticulum, polyps, arteriovenous malformation, or a tumor. Examination of the genitalia is imperative, especially in boys, to exclude the possibility of an incarcerated hernia or testicular torsion.     

腔镜乙状结肠癌直肠癌根治术中护理关键点质控的效果评价

目的评价腔镜乙状结肠癌、直肠癌根治术中护理关键点质控的效果。方法回顾分析46例腔镜乙状结肠癌、直肠癌根治术患者(对照组)的术中护理质量缺陷点,包括低体温、压疮、器械管理及配合不佳;对进行相同手术的58例患者(观察组)的术中护理进行改进。比较两组患者的手术时间、体温降低、压疮、下肢深静脉血栓发生率及患者和手术医生的满意率。结果观察组较对照组手术时间明显缩短(P0.01)、体温更为平稳(P0.01),无压疮(P0.01)和深静脉血栓(P0.05),观察组的患者和手术医生的满意率均明显高于对照组(P0.01)。结论对腔镜乙状结肠癌、直肠癌根治术中进行护理关键点的质量控制,可缩短手术时间,减少低体温、压疮及深静脉血栓的发生率,提高手术护理的质量。