腋下小切口动脉导管未闭手术32例

1996年 2月至 1998年 1月我们对 32例动脉导管未闭(ＰＤＡ)病人采用腋下小切口直视下实施手术治疗 ,效果满意 ,现报告如下。临床资料　本组 32例 ,男 18例 ,女 14例。年龄 3～ 17岁 ,平均 (8 5± 3 2 )岁。体重 9～ 5 2ｋｇ。所有病人均无发热、发绀 ,各项检查未提示合其他并先天性心脏病。胸骨左缘第2～ 3肋间均闻及 2～ 4/ＶＩ级连续性双期杂音。超声心动图检查示管型导管 2 3例 ,漏斗型导管 9例。ＰＤＡ直径 0 5～ 1 6ｃｍ ,长 0 4～ 1 1ｃｍ。术后 8例安放胸腔闭式引流。手术方法　全麻 ,插双腔气管插管。右侧卧位 ,取左腋中线 ,纵向…     

右腋下垂直切口在先天性心内畸形合并动脉导管未闭外科矫治中的应用

目的探讨通过右腋下垂直切口矫治合并动脉导管未闭(PDA)的先天性心内畸形的有效性和安全性。方法回顾性分析2014年8月至2019年8月通过右腋下垂直切口同时行先天性心脏病心内畸形矫治和PDA结扎术34例患者的临床资料,年龄0.5~6.1岁,男25例、女9例。结果手术切口长度3.0(3.0,3.5)cm,手术时间110.0(90.0,121.0)min,体外循环时间45.5(38.8,63.5)min,主动脉阻断时间22.5(14.8,34.8)min,出血量20.0(13.8,20.0)mL,住ICU时间17.0(5.5,22.3)h,术后机械通气时间为4.0(2.0,6.0)h,住院总费用为4.6(3.9,5.1)万元。围手术期和随访期间均无死亡和二次手术。中位随访时间636.0 d。随访期间有1例患者存在残余分流,未发现新发的脊柱侧弯、漏斗胸或鸡胸等胸廓发育异常。女性患者在随访期间无双侧乳腺发育不对称。所有患者的父母或监护人均对右腋下垂直美容切口满意。结论通过右腋下垂直切口同时进行先天性心内畸形矫治及PDA结扎术是一种安全有效的方法,具有良好的临床和美容学结果。     

左腋下小切口治疗动脉导管未闭189例

从1989年5月～1999年4月,我们经左腋下纵行小切口进胸,迷走神经后方沿降主动脉切开纵隔胸膜解剖结扎动脉导管189例,效果满意。1　临床资料与方法1.1　一般资料　本组共189例,男85例,女104例。年龄1.5～31岁,平均年龄8.4岁,>15岁38例。单纯动脉导管未闭182例,合并房间隔缺损1例,合并室间隔缺损6例。胸骨左缘第2、第3肋间闻及连续性机器样杂音164例;脉压差增大,有股动脉枪击音142例。胸部X线示基本正常46例;肺血增多,主动脉结增宽,左心室增大109例;双心室增大34例。心电图示正常54例;左心室肥大或高电压127例,其余为双心室肥厚;合并室性早搏…     

左腋下小切口动脉导管未闭结扎术

本报道经左腋下小切口径路行动脉导管未闭(Patent arterial duct，PDA)结扎手术16例。年龄5岁～22岁，平均9．8岁。切口5cm～6cm。手术时间60min～85min，平均72min。出血量20ml～100ml，平均50ml。术后胸腔引流量40ml～100ml，平均60ml。随访5月～40月，平均20月，无导管再通及动脉瘤形成，切口疤痕小。本法切口隐蔽，外观美观，创伤小，不影响肢体功能，安全有效。     

经腋下小切口结扎小儿动脉导管未闭术

自1987年1月至1997年6月，经左腋下小切口行小儿动脉导管未闻结扎术37例，男14例，女23例，年龄2．0～13岁。管型27例，漏斗型10例。导管直径0．4～1．1cm，长度0．5～0．9cm。全组术野显露良好，手术顺利，手术时间86±18分，无大出血和手术死亡，无喉返神经损伤及残余分流。切口均甲级愈合，左上肢功能位时，看不到疤痕，术后住院时间8．1±1．4天。随访2个月～3年，无导管再通和胸廓畸形。认为左腋下小切口行小儿动脉导管未闻结扎术创伤小、简便、安全、美容效果好。     

腋下小切口经胸膜外结扎动脉导管治疗动脉导管未闭20例

我院自2001年10月至2004年10月，对20例动脉导管未闭（PDA）患者采用腋下小切口经胸膜外结扎动脉导管的方法进行手术治疗，效果满意。     

左腋下小切口治疗动脉导管未闭58例

目的探讨左腋下小切口治疗动脉导管未闭的疗效。方法2004年1月-2008年3月采用左腋下小切口手术结扎动脉导管未闭58例。经第4肋床进胸,微小开胸器撑开至手指能入胸腔探查导管三角。解剖游离未闭动脉导管,经后壁引出2根10号丝线备结扎。微泵静脉注射硝普钠或吸入麻醉,使动脉收缩压降至60-80 mm Hg。先后结扎导管主动脉端及肺动脉端10号丝线。结果58例手术均获成功,术野显露清楚,术毕不放置胸腔闭式引流,无导管破裂,无手术死亡病例。术后出现暂时性声音嘶哑1例,皮下气肿1例,左侧气胸2例,均经胸腔穿刺排气后痊愈。58例随访3个月-4年,平均2.3年,无导管再通及假性动脉瘤形成。结论该术式具有损伤小、瘢痕隐蔽、出血少、恢复快等优点,手术效果满意。     

小切口未闭动脉导管结扎术

1998年 2月至 2 0 0 2年 4月 ,我们利用自制特殊器械作小切口未闭动脉导管结扎术 2 5例 ,效果良好 ,现报道如下。资料和方法　本组 2 5例中女 14例 ,男 11例 ;年龄 4～ 2 0岁 ;体重 8～ 5 5ｋｇ ;导管直径为 0 5～ 1 2ｃｍ。术中使用特制牵开器、引线器、深部打结器等器械 ,10 0Ｗ高亮度氙灯与外径为 3ｍｍ光导束小切口内照明。手术取右侧卧位 ,以肩胛下角为中点 ,沿第 6肋上缘作5～ 6ｃｍ切口 (切口相当于动脉导管在胸壁的投影 )。使用小切口牵开器暴露导管三角区 ,用导光束折成 90°角紧贴伤口边缘作深部照明 ,用弯柄解剖剪在主动脉侧显…     

左腋下小切口手术治疗动脉导管未闭45例

目的　探讨左腋下小切口治疗动脉导管未闭的价值。　方法　左腋中线纵行小直切口第三肋间进胸腔 ,切开纵隔胸膜 ,游离动脉导管 ,三道丝线结扎闭合导管。　结果　治疗动脉导管未闭会4 5例 ,无手术死亡 ,无再通病例 ,术中导管破例 1例成功闭合 ,合并主动脉缩窄 1例同期纠治成功。并发左下肺不张、左胸腔积液各 1例 ,治愈。　结论　此法创伤小 ,术后恢复快 ,美观 ,显露满意 ,适用于小儿、成人、合并肺动脉高压、合并主动脉弓降部畸形等病例。     

经右侧腋下小切口室间隔缺损并肺动脉导管未闭手术效果观察

目的探讨右腋下小切口手术治疗室间隔缺损(VSD)合并动脉导管未闭(PDA)的效果。方法选取46例肺动脉轻中度分流的先天性VSD并PDA患儿,均在体外循环(Cardiopulmonary bypass,CPB)下施行手术。根据手术方式不同分为2组。观察组(32例)采用右腋下小切口,对照组(14例)行胸正中切口。分析比较2组的手术效果。结果观察组CBP时间、术后呼吸机辅助时间、住院时间、胸瓶引流量均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。2组患儿并发症发生率及病死率差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论采用右腋下小切口治疗VSD并PDA,具有安全、有效、微创、美观及术后恢复快等优势,适用于VSD合并轻中度分流PDA的患儿。     

Ligation cum division-suture of patent ductus arteriosus

Objective To describe a combined ligation cum division-suture technique for closure of patent ductus arteriosus. Technique The ductus is isolated using hypotensive anaesthesia. A single clamp is applied at the aortic end. The pulmonary arterial end is ligated. Another ligature transfixes the ductus. A mattress suture is passed through the aortic end. The ductus is now divided. The aortic end is closed using a second row of over and over sutures. Conclusion Single clamp technique for ligation cum division-suture of patent ductus is simple and safe. (Ind J Thorac Cardiovasc Sure, 2001; 17:258-259)     

Triport periareolar thoracoscopic surgery versus right minithoracotomy for repairing atrial septal defect in adults

Open in a separate window OBJECTIVESOur goal was to investigate the safety and feasibility of triport periareolar thoracoscopic surgery (TPTS) and its advantages in repairing adult atrial septal defect.METHODSBetween January 2017 and January 2020, a total of 121 consecutive adult patients underwent atrial septal defect closure in our institution. Of these, 30 patients had TPTS and 31 patients had a right minithoracotomy (RMT). Operational data and clinical outcomes were compared between the 2 groups.RESULTSThe total operation time, cardiopulmonary bypass time and aortic cross-clamp time in the TPTS group were slightly longer than those in the RMT group, but there were no differences between the 2 groups. Compared with the RMT group, the TPTS group showed a decrease in the volume of chest drainage in 24 h (98.6 ± 191.2 vs 222.6 ± 217.2 ml; P = 0.032) and a shorter postoperative hospital stay (6.5 ± 1.5 vs 8.0 ± 3.7 days; P = 0.042). The numeric rating scale on postoperative day 7 was significantly less in the TPTS group than in the RMT group (2.82 ± 1.14 vs 3.56 ± 1.42; P = 0.034). The patient satisfaction scale for the cosmetic results in the TPTS group was significantly higher than in the RMT group (4.68 ± 0.55 vs 4.22 ± 0.76; P = 0.012). No differences were found in postoperative complications. No in-hospital death or major adverse events occurred in the 2 groups.CONCLUSIONSTPTS is safe and feasible for the closure of adult atrial septal defect. Compared with RMT, it has been associated with less pain and better cosmetic outcomes.     

胸骨下段切口与右腋下斜切口治疗先天性心脏病的对比分析

目的 探讨胸骨下段切口与右腋下斜切口治疗先天性心脏病的手术治疗特点。方法随机选取80例先天性心脏病患者，采用胸骨下段切口34例，右腋下斜切口46例进行先天性心脏病矫治手术，对术后各项指标进行观察、分析。结果 腋下切口组体外循环时间（CPB时间）与胸骨下段组比较无显著差异，其肺部并发症相对较多，但切口隐蔽、美观性优于胸骨下段切口。结论 腋下斜切口更具有美观性和隐蔽性，而胸骨下段切口有利于意外情况的处理，安全性高、适应证广。     

胸段硬膜外阻滞对动脉导管未闭结扎后高血压反应的防治作用

目的 探讨胸段硬膜外阻滞复合全麻及硬膜外镇痛对动脉导管未闭(PDA)结扎后高血压反应的防治作用。方法 选择40例PDA结扎术的病人，随机分为胸段硬膜外阻滞 异氟醚组(EI组，n=20)和异氟醚 硝普钠(SNP)组(IS组，n=20)。在吸入1．8～2．2MAC异氟醚时，EI组平均动脉压(MAP)降低30％～40％，而IS组需静脉输注SNP时MAP降至相同水平。关胸前分别连接镇痛泵行PCEA和PCIA镇痛，记录吸入1．3MAC异氟醚关胸时、手术结束时、术后12、24、48h在镇痛效果相同时MAP、HR变化及血管扩张药使用情况。结果 IS组PDA结扎后18例需血管扩张药控制MAP升高，而HR明显快于EI组，4例使用美托洛尔控制SNP治疗期间反应性心率增快；EI组PDA结扎后19例MAP、HR无明显变化，仅1例在手术结束后使用血管扩张药。结论 胸段硬膜外阻滞复合异氟醚麻醉及术后硬膜外镇痛可防治PDA结扎后高血压反应。     

Esophageal stethoscope: an old tool with a new role, detection of residual flow during video-assisted thoracoscopic patent ductus arteriosus closure

Background

Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) has emerged as an innovative and popular procedure for closure of a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), but is associated with a minute rate of residual or recurrent duct patency. This study aims to analyze the efficacy of intraoperative esophageal stethoscopic monitoring in reducing the incidence of residual ductal flow during PDA clipping by VATS.

Methods

Between June 1997 and October 2009, we retrospectively assessed 2000 consecutive patients with PDA who underwent VATS. During the procedure, heart sounds were monitored by the anesthesiologist through an esophageal stethoscope. Changes in continuous cardiac murmurs were recorded before and after the PDA clipping and were confirmed to disappear completely. Color flow Doppler echocardiography was performed immediately before discharge, and patients were followed monthly for 3, 6, and 12 months and then annually to confirm the absence of residual or recurrent shunt.

Results

Mean age was 6.0 years (range, 1 month-35 years), mean weight was 11.1 kg (range, 6-65 kg), and mean PDA diameter was 5.5 mm (range, 3-9 mm). Ninety-two percent of patients showed no ductal flow after a single clipping. In the other 8% of patients, residual flow was detected intraoperatively after a single clipping, but was eliminated by the second clipping. Twelve patients (0.6%) presented with residual ductal flow immediately after the operation (detected by color Doppler echocardiography), which was eliminated by thoracotomy before discharge. All patients left the hospital with echocardiography documenting no evidence of residual PDA. At follow-up, the incidence of residual patency was 0.2% (4 of 2000).

Conclusions

Our results demonstrate that the intraoperative esophageal stethoscope provides a remarkably effective technique for monitoring and evaluating PDA ligation by VATS, thus avoiding reintervention and the complications associated with residual ductal flow in most cases.     

低龄低体重患儿经胸小切口封堵膜周部室间隔缺损的策略及早期疗效

目的探讨经胸小切口封堵治疗低龄低体重先天性心脏病膜周部室间隔缺损(ventricular septal defect,VSD)患儿的手术方式及疗效。方法 2010年10月～2011年11月,对51例经胸心脏超声选择的分流口直径4～8 mm、距主动脉瓣距离>1 mm的膜周部VSD患儿,经胸小切口封堵治疗。年龄4～12个月,(8.6±2.1)月,体重6～11 kg,(7.4±2.1)kg。胸骨下端4～5 cm切口,在食道超声(TEE)引导下经右心室前壁,置入导引钢丝,导入输送鞘管和装置鞘管,将封堵器安放在VSD部位。并对手术方式及疗效进行回顾性分析。结果无手术死亡。封堵成功46例(90%),5例封堵失败,改体外循环(cardiopulmonary bypass,CPB)下心内直视修补。封堵成功患儿无残余漏、脱伞、心律失常,心彩超下无主动脉瓣反流,新增加三尖瓣轻度反流5例(13%)。3例(5.8%)输血50 ml。术后住院3～7 d,(3.9±0.7)d。46例全部随访,随访时间1～12个月,(3.6±1.4)月。无死亡,均行心电图、胸片及心脏彩超检查,无心律失常、残余漏、脱伞、血栓、出血事件,无新发瓣膜反流,心功能Ⅰ级。结论对于低龄低体重、分流口直径4～8 mm、距主动脉瓣距离>1 mm的先天性心脏病膜周VSD,实施经胸小切口封堵治疗,手术方式可行,效果良好。