家兔急性DIC血清和肺血管紧张素转换酶的变化

目的：观察急性实验性弥散性血管内凝血（ＤＩＣ）家兔血清和肺组织血管紧张素转换酶（ＡＣＥ）活性变化。方法：用４％兔脑粉（组织凝血活酶）浸液（２ｍｌ／ｋｇ＋生理盐水稀释至３０ｍｌ）静脉注射复制家兔急性ＤＩＣ动物模型，紫外分光光度法测定ＡＣＥ活性。结果：家兔血清ＡＣＥ活性在注射脑粉浸液开始后１５ｍｉｎ时，与－５ｍｉｎ比较无显著性差异（Ｐ＞００５）；３０ｍｉｎ开始下降；６０ｍｉｎ显著下降（Ｐ＜０．０１）。家兔肺组织ＡＣＥ活性６０ｍｉｎ时升高，但与对照组比较无显著性差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）。血浆纤维蛋白原含量与血清ＡＣＥ活性存在相关性（ｒ＝０．５０４１，Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论：ＤＩＣ时凝血、纤溶紊乱与血清ＡＣＥ活性变化有关，肾素－血管紧张素系统（ＲＡＳ）参与ＤＩＣ发病机制。     

肝癌患者血清α1—抗胰蛋白酶抑制活力及其临床意义

目的：探讨血清α１－抗胰蛋白酶抑制活力水平与肝癌的关系，方法：根据改良Ｅｒｉｋｓｓｏｎ法，采用苯甲酰ＤＬ－精氨酸对硝基苯胺（简称ＢＡＰＮＡ）为底物。测定９１例正常人及３０例肝癌患血清α１－抗胰蛋白酶抑制活力，以ｘ±ｓ表示，采用ｔ检验。结果：对照组和肝癌线血清α１－抗胰蛋白酶抑制活力分别为１．１２±０．１０ｍｇ／ｍｌ和１．２６±０．２０ｍｇ／ｍｌ。肝癌患血清中α１－抗胰蛋白酶抑制活力明显高于正常     

全胃切除术后肠外结合肠内营养支持

目的：对比全胃切除术后的肠外营养（ＰＮ）结合肠内营养（ＥＮ）与标准ＰＮ的支持效果。方法：１６例患者随机分为两组，两组患者从术后ｄ１到术后ｄ１１进行等氮、等热量营养支持。结果：（１）ＰＮ＋ＥＮ组体重下降（１．２±０．２２）ｋｇ，ＰＮ组体重下降（２．６１±０．１６）ｋｇ；（２）ＰＮ＋ＥＮ组１１ｄ累积氮平衡（２２３．３±３２．９）ｍｇ／ｋｇ，ＰＮ组１１ｄ累积氮平衡（１３４．６±１８．５）ｍｇ／ｋｇ；（３）ＰＮ＋ＥＮ组血清白蛋白下降（０．６±０．２）ｇ／Ｌ，ＰＮ组下降（６．０＋０．３）ｇ／Ｌ；（４）ＰＮ＋ＥＮ组德中谷氨酰胺下降（１８±６．４）μｍｏｌ／Ｌ，ＰＮ组下降（１０７±７．８）μｍｏｌ／Ｌ；（５）ＰＮ＋ＥＮ组血中Ｃ３补体下降（１１±３２）ｍｇ／Ｌ，ＰＮ组下降（１０２±６２）ｍｇ／Ｌ。结论：ＰＮ结合ＥＮ较标准ＰＮ更适合于全胃切除术后的肠功能恢复特点，有更好的代谢效果     

家兔急性DIC血清NO的变化及其与血管紧张素转换酶的关系

目的：观察急性实验性弥散性血管内凝血（ＤＩＣ）家兔血清ＮＯ水平和血管紧张素转换酶（ＡＣＥ）活性的变化及其关系。方法：用４％兔脑粉（组织凝血活酶）浸液（２ｍｌ／ｋｇ＋生理盐水稀释至３０ｍｌ）静脉注射复制家兔急性实验性ＤＩＣ动物模型，用硝酸还原酶比色法测定ＮＯ含量，紫外分光光度法测定ＡＣＥ活性。结果：家兔血清ＮＯ在注射浸液开始后１５ｍｉｎ下降，３０、６０ｍｉｎ升高，与注射前比较均无显著性差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）。１５、３０ｍｉｎ家兔血清ＡＣＥ活性变化无显著性（Ｐ＞０．０５），但６０ｍｉｎ明显下降（Ｐ＜０．０１）。ＤＩＣ组血清ＮＯ水平与血清ＡＣＥ活性呈显著负相关（γ＝－０．８４１，Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论：在组织凝血活酶所致的急性ＤＩＣ发病机制中，血液ＮＯ可能不起重要作用，其变化与血清ＡＣＥ活性有关     

酸稳定蛋白酶抑制剂抑制活力测定

本文报道酸稳定蛋白酶抑制剂（ＡＳＰＩ）抑制活力测定方法，胸水和血清标本变异系数为３．０％～４．２％和０．８％～６．８％，平均３．４％，回收率为９６．０％～９８．７％和９６．０％～１０５．９％，平均９８．８％。测定７７例正常人血清ＡＳＰＩ抑制活力，其均值为０．３９８ｍｇ／ｍｌ（Ｓ＝±０．１２６ｍｇ／ｍｌ）．测定癌性和非癌性胸水各７例，ＡＳＰＩ抑制活力均值分别为０．６９ｍｇ／ｍｌ和０．４３ｍｇ／ｍ１（Ｐ＜０．０１）．本结果提示ＡＳＰＩ抑制活力测定对良、恶性胸水鉴别诊断有一定意义。     

三七总皂甙对大鼠脊髓损伤组织总钙和脂质过氧化的影响

打击法致大鼠脊髓损伤４ｈ后脊髓组织ＭＤＡ、ＦＦＡ含量均显著增加（Ｐ＜０．０１）；ＸＯＤ活性显著升高（Ｐ＜０．０５），ＳＯＤ活性显著降低（Ｐ＜０．０１）；［Ｃａ＾２＋］ｔ显著增加（Ｐ＜０．００１）。表明ＳＣＩ病理过程中伴随Ｃａ＾２＋介导的自由基生成和膜脂质过氧反应。不同剂量的（３０、９０、２７０ｍｇ／ｋｇ，ｉｖ）ＰＮＳ均可抑制ＭＤＡ生成（Ｐ＜０．０１）；大剂量（２７０ｍｇ／ｋｇ）ＰＮＳ还可抑制ＦＦＡ     

酸稳定蛋白酶抑制剂抑制活力测定：附77例正常人血清和14例良,恶…

本报道酸稳定蛋白酶抑制剂抑制活力测定方法，胸水和血清标本变异系数为３．０５－４．２％和０．８％－６．８％，平均３．４％。回收率为９６．０％－９８．７％和９６．０％－１０５．９％，平均９８．８％。测定７７例正常人血清ＡＳＰＩ抑制活力，其均值为０．３９８ｍｇ／ｍｌ（Ｓ＝±０．１２６ｍｇ／ｍｌ）。测定癌性和非癌性胸水各７例，ＡＳＰＩ抑制活力均值分别为０．６９ｍｇ／ｍｌ和０．４３ｍｇ／ｍｌ和０．４３ｍｇ     

HPLC法测定SHR血清中硝苯地平浓度及其药代动力学研究

目的建立血清中硝苯地平浓度的ＨＰＬＣ测定法，研究其在自发性高血压大鼠（ＳＨＲ）体内的药动学。方法ＳＨＲ灌胃给与硝苯地平１０ｍｇ／ｋｇ，用ＨＰＬＣ法测定硝苯地平血清浓度。用乙酸乙酯提取出血清中的硝苯地平，在５０℃水浴中用氮气吹干，残渣用流动相溶解后进样。选用ｓｈｉｍＰａｃｋＣＬＣ－ＯＤＳ柱，甲醇－水（６∶４）作流动相，检测波长２３５ｎｍ。结果：硝苯地平最低检出浓度为０．０２μｇ／ｍｌ，标准曲线线性范围为０．０２～５．０μｇ／ｍｌ（ｒ＝０．９９９７），血样平均回收率为９８．０９％。硝苯地平在大鼠体内的药动学符合一定开放模型，其参数为Ｔ１／２ｋａ＝０．８２８±０．５５ｈ，Ｔ１／２ｋｅ＝３．１７±２．３２ｈ，Ｔｍａｘ＝２．１２±１．４７ｈ，Ｃｍａｘ＝２．７８±１．５０μｇ／ｍｌ和ＡＵＣ＝２４．５±２９．２ｈ·μｇ／ｍｌ。结论本法能满足血清中硝苯地平浓度测定及药动学研究的需要。     

分枝杆菌多糖对小鼠造血功能的影响

观察了分枝杆菌多糖（ＭＰＳ）对环磷酰胺抑制ＢＡＬＢ／ｃ小鼠骨髓作用的影响。结果表明：给予ＣＰＡ使小鼠骨髓ＧＭ－ＣＦＵ抑制约３０％左右。１．０ｍｇ／ｋｇ的ＭＰＳ对ＧＭ－ＣＦＵ有促进作用（第１批实验ＣＰＡ对照组３１６．５±３４．６，实验１组４５４．５±１９．１，Ｐ＜０．０５；第２批实验ＣＰＡ对照组２０８．７±４３．７，实验２组４３７．８±５４．１，Ｐ＜０．０２）；而０．１５ｍｇ／ｋｇＭＰＳ无促进作用。在０．１５和１．０ｍｇ／ｋｇ剂量下，小鼠血清ＧＭ－ＣＳＦ活性水平明显提高；０．１５和１．０ｍｇ／ｋｇＭＰＳ可分别刺激小鼠每０．１ｍＬ血清产生５００Ｕ和８５０ＵＧＭ－ＣＳＦ。分析认为ＭＰＳ与日本的Ｚ－１００活性水平相当，这些作用可能通过激活单核或Ｔ细胞而间接产生。     

不饱和脂肪酸对肺癌细胞的抑制作用

不饱和脂肪酸（ＬＡ）浓度为２５μｇ／ｍｌ，对人肺腺癌细胞系（ＳＰＣ－Ａ１）细胞和二倍体人胚肺细胞系（ＨＬＦ）细胞抑制率分别为：９８．４±２．２％，１８．０±２．１％（Ｐ＜０．００１）。表现为对恶性细胞的选择性抑制作用。ＳＰＣ－Ａ１对５μｇ／ｍｌ ＬＡ无反应，１μＭ丝裂霉素Ｃ（ＭＭＣ）对ＳＰＣ－Ａ１细胞抑制率为４３．４±２．９％而当用１μｍ ＭＭＣ处理这种对５μｇ／ｍｌ ＬＡ无反应的ＳＰＣ－Ａ１时，     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.