2型糖尿病患者血清乳酸脱氢酶与胰岛素抵抗的相关性

目的探讨2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者血清乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)与胰岛素抵抗的相关性。方法选取2016年10月至2017年12月安徽省马鞍山市人民医院内分泌科住院的T2DM患者138例。患者入院后行口服葡萄糖耐量试验(OGTT),即清晨空腹状态下口服75 g葡萄糖,分别抽取口服葡萄糖前,口服葡萄糖后30、60、120 min静脉血,检测血糖及胰岛素水平。根据稳态模型胰岛素抵抗(HOMA-IR)指数标准将患者分为HOMA-IR<2.5组(50例)和HOMA-IR≥2.5组(88例)。收集并比较2组患者一般资料、相关生化指标、LDH及Matsuda胰岛素敏感指数(Matsuda ISI)等数据。根据LDH三分位数水平将患者分为<172 IU/L、172~197 IU/L和>197 IU/L 3个亚组,比较3个亚组胰岛β细胞功能相关指标HOMA-IR和Matsuda ISI及其他相关指标。采用SPSS 24.0统计软件进行分析。根据数据类型,组间比较采用独立样本t检验、Mann-Whitney U检验、χ2检验、单因素方差分析或Kruskal-Wallis H检验。指标相关性采用Spearman非参数相关分析。多因素logistic回归用于评估发生胰岛素抵抗的危险因素。结果与HOMA-IR<2.5组比较,HOMA-IR≥2.5组患者LDH、空腹血糖、各时间点胰岛素等显著升高,Matsuda ISI显著降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。<172 IU/L、172~197 IU/L和>197 IU/L 3个亚组中HOMA-IR≥2.5人数分别占50.00%(23/46)、52.17%(24/46)和89.13%(41/46)。随着LDH水平升高,HOMA-IR显著升高,Matsuda ISI显著降低,同时3亚组OGTT各时间点胰岛素不同,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。相关分析显示,LDH与HOMA-IR呈正相关(r=0.289,P<0.05),与Matsuda ISI呈负相关(r=-0.314,P<0.001)。校正年龄等相关因素后,多因素logistic回归分析显示,LDH为发生胰岛素抵抗的独立预测因素之一(OR=2.99,95%CI 1.83~4.67;P<0.001)。结论LDH与胰岛β细胞功能指标HOMA-IR及Matsuda ISI存在显著相关性,可以作为简单易行的指标来初步评估T2DM患者胰岛素抵抗的严重程度,协助调整治疗方案。     

Addition of pioglitazone to stable insulin therapy in patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes: results of a double-blind, multicentre, randomized study

AIM: To determine the effects of pioglitazone treatment combined with insulin on glucose and lipid metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODS: In a multicentre, double-blind study, 690 patients [body mass index, 33.19 kg/m2 +/- 5.47; haemoglobin A1c (A1C), 9.78 +/- 1.51; mean duration, 12.9 years] with diabetes poorly controlled with a stable insulin dose (> 30 U/day for > or =30 days) were randomly allocated to pioglitazone 30 or 45 mg once daily for 24 weeks. RESULTS: In the pioglitazone 30- and 45-mg groups, respectively, 71 and 70% of patients completed the study. At 24 weeks, statistically significant, dose-dependent mean decreases from baseline were seen in the pioglitazone 30- and 45-mg groups for A1C (-1.17 and -1.46%, respectively) and fasting plasma glucose (-31.9 and -45.8 mg/dl, respectively). Insulin dosage also decreased significantly (-4.5 and -7.3 U, respectively; p < or = 0.05) from baseline. Decreases in triglycerides [pioglitazone 45 mg: -5.9% (p < or = 0.05)], very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [pioglitazone 45 mg: -6.2% (p < or = 0.05)] and free fatty acids [-0.94 (p < or = 0.05) and -2.13 (p < 0.0001) mg/dl, respectively] and increases in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (9.7 and 13.0%, respectively; p < 0.0001) also were observed from baseline. Small but significant increases in total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p < 0.01) from baseline were observed. Mean weight gain was 2.9 and 3.4 kg in the respective groups; lower limb oedema was reported in 13 and 12% of patients, respectively. The incidences of oedema, weight gain and heart failure were not higher than anticipated in this population. No evidence of hepatotoxicity or clinically significant elevations in liver function test parameters was seen. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes, addition of pioglitazone to insulin significantly improved glycaemic control, had a positive effect on important components of the lipid profile in a dose-dependent manner and was generally well tolerated.     

2型糖尿病患者脑硫脂、胰岛素抵抗与颈动脉内膜-中层厚度的关系

目的探讨2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者脑硫脂、胰岛素抵抗（IR）与颈动脉内膜-中层厚度（CIMT）的关系。方法对104例T2DM患者进行血糖、血脂、血尿酸（UA）、真胰岛素（TI）及脑硫脂检测,并行B超检查测量其CI—MT。结果CIMT正常58例,CIMT增厚46例。与CIMT正常者比较,CIMT增厚者的脑硫脂明显降低,年龄、血清TI及胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA-IR）的自然对数[In（TI）、In（HOMA—IR）]、C反应蛋白明显升高（P均〈0．05）;多元逐步回归分析显示,CIMT与脑硫脂呈负相关,与年龄、In（TI）、In（HOMA—IR）、UA呈正相关。结论脑硫脂与IR有密切相关性,脑硫脂降低、IR是T2DM患者C／MT增厚的危险因素。     

Effect of pioglitazone in combination with insulin therapy on glycaemic control, insulin dose requirement and lipid profile in patients with type 2 diabetes previously poorly controlled with combination therapy

AIM: The aim of this randomized placebo-controlled study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of pioglitazone administered alone or in combination with metformin in reducing insulin dosage requirements for improved glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes previously poorly controlled with combination therapy. METHODS: In this multicentre, double-blind study, 222 patients with haemoglobin A1c (HbA(1c))>8.0% at screening treated with combination therapy initially were given titrated insulin therapy (to fasting plasma glucose <140 mg/dl) and then were randomly assigned to 20-week treatment with pioglitazone or placebo in combination with insulin, with or without concurrent metformin therapy. More than 98% of patients were taking metformin prior to and during the study. RESULTS: Pioglitazone significantly reduced (p < 0.05) insulin dose requirements 2 weeks after treatment initiation. At study end relative to baseline, pioglitazone reduced daily insulin dosages by 12.0 units (p < 0.001), a 21.5% (12.0/55.8 units at baseline) group mean average reduction. Relative to placebo, pioglitazone reduced daily insulin dosages by 12.7 units [95% confidence interval [CI]: -17.5, -8.0], while improving mean HbA(1c) levels [adjusted mean HbA(1c) change: pioglitazone, -1.6% vs. placebo, -1.4% (not statistically different)]. Pioglitazone also significantly increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels [adjusted mean difference: +4.5 (95% CI: 2.6-6.5) mg/dl], decreased triglyceride levels [-43.9 (-69.2, -18.6) mg/dl], shifted low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particle concentrations from small [pattern B, -13.6% (-17.7%, -9.5%)] to large [pattern A, +15.1% (10.8%, 19.5%)] and increased mean LDL particle size [+3.8 (2.6, 4.9) A]. More pioglitazone-treated patients experienced oedema (9.0 vs. 4.5%) and weight gain (9.1 vs. 2.7%) than placebo patients. CONCLUSIONS: Pioglitazone in combination with insulin therapy improved glycaemic control, reduced insulin dose requirements and improved lipid profiles in patients with type 2 diabetes previously poorly controlled with combination therapy.     

血压与2型糖尿病患者视网膜神经纤维层厚度的相关性

目的 探讨血压与2型糖尿病(T2DM)视网膜神经纤维层(RNFL)厚度的相关性.方法 选取2017年1月至2018年12月就诊于哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院内分泌科的123例T2DM患者,根据荧光素眼底血管造影结果,按糖尿病性视网膜病变新的国际临床分级标准(2002年),将患者分为无糖尿病视网膜病变(NDR)组65例和非...     

2型糖尿病纤溶系统变化与胰岛素抵抗的关系

目的探讨2型糖尿病患者纤溶活性变化与胰岛素抵抗之间的关系。方法采用酶联免疫吸附法测定63例2型糖尿病患者（包括无血管并发症组30例和有血管并发症组33例）和25例正常对照者血浆组织型纤溶酶原激活剂（t-PA）、纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂-1（PAI-1）含量,结合临床资料分析其变化趋势及影响因素。结果2型糖尿病患者血浆t-PA含量明显降低（P〈0．01）,而PAI-1含量明显升高（P〈0．01）,合并血管病变者,此变化更为显著（均P〈0．001）。多元逐步回归分析显示,HOMA模型胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA—IR）是PAI-1升高的独立危险因素。结论2型糖尿病患者纤溶活性降低,胰岛素抵抗在降低其纤溶活性,并发血管病变中起了重要作用。     

罗格列酮对2型糖尿病患者血压影响的观察

目的 观察胰岛素增敏剂马来酸罗格列酮（RSG）对2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者血压（BP）的影响。方法 68例初诊T2DM患者，未服用任何降压药物，分为BP正常（DMN）和合并有高血压（DMH）两组，均日服RSG4mg，疗程12周。分析BP下降情况及影响因素。结果 RSG治疗12周后，（1）DMN组收缩压（SBP）平均降低4mmHg，舒张压（DBP）平均降低3mmHg，治疗前后的差异无统计学意义（P均〉0．05）；DMH组中SBP平均降低9mmHg，DBP平均降低6mmHg，治疗前后的差异有统计学意义（P均〈0．01）。（2）DMH组中基线BP水平较高患者可引起较大幅度的降低（P〈0．05）。（3）T2DM患者治疗前后SBP、DBP改变均与HOMA-IR有明显相关性。结论 RSG对并发高血压的T2DM患者在改善IR的同时，血压也明显降低。     

吡格列酮和二甲双胍对2型糖尿病胰岛素抵抗的影响

目的　观察吡格列酮和二甲双胍治疗对 2型糖尿病患者胰岛素抵抗 (IR)的影响。方法 5 0例血糖控制不良的 2型糖尿病患者在原治疗方案下 ,随机给予盐酸吡格列酮片 3 0mg(2片 ) 1次 /日和模拟二甲双胍片 (1片 ) 2次 /日 ,即吡格列酮组 ;或随机给予盐酸二甲双胍片 5 0 0mg(1片 ) 2次 /日和模拟吡格列酮片 (2片 ) 1次 /日 ,即二甲双胍组 ,所有治疗疗程 12周。结果　在两组患者取得相当降糖疗效基础上 ,二甲双胍组和吡格列酮组在治疗后空腹和馒头餐后C肽水平均较用药前有明显降低、IR稍有降低 ,β细胞功能明显改善。吡格列酮在减低餐后胰岛素、改善IR方面优于二甲双胍。两种药物治疗前后血游离脂肪酸水平则差异未见显著性。结论　吡格列酮和二甲双胍均能有效地降低IR和改善 β细胞功能。在改善IR方面 ,吡格列酮稍优于二甲双胍。     

糖尿病肾病患者抵抗素与胰岛素抵抗的关系及临床意义

目的探讨糖尿病肾病（DN）患者血清抵抗素与胰岛素抵抗（IR）的关系及临床意义。方法检测61例2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者（DN组31例、无DN组30例）及30例健康对照者的血清抵抗素、空腹血糖（FPG）、空腹胰岛素（Fins）及胰岛素抵抗指数（Homa—IR）,分析血清抵抗素水平与各检测指标的相关性。结果与对照组比较。DN组、无DN组的血清抵抗素、FPG、Fins、Homa-IR均明显升高（P均〈0．05）;与无DN组比较,DN组上述指标虽有升高趋势,但均无统计学差异（P均〉0．05）。相关分析显示,DN组血清抵抗素水平与FPG、Fins、Homa-IR均呈显著正相关（P〈0．05）。结论抵抗素与DN患者的IR密切相关,检测T2DM患者的血清抵抗素变化,在一定程度上可反映其肾脏病变。     

Pilot study for the evaluation of morphological and functional changes in retinal blood flow in patients with insulin resistance and/or type 2 diabetes mellitus

Background

The aim of this study was to investigate early morphological and functional pathology in the retinal micro-circulation in patients with insulin resistance and/or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods

Fifty-four subjects, without features of retinopathy under ophthalmological investigation, were recruited for study participation and were classified into three study groups according to their metabolic staging: (1) Group C comprised nondiabetic, insulin-sensitive subjects with a BMI <28kg/m²; (2) Group IR comprised nondiabetic, insulin-resistant, obese subjects with a BMI ≥28 kg/m²; and (3) Group DM comprised patients with manifested T2DM.Retinal microvascular blood flow was assessed using scanning laser doppler flowmetry (Heidelberg Retina Flowmeter) before and after flicker light stimulation (10 Hz; Photo Stimulater 750).

Results

No significant difference was observed in retinal blood flow (RBF) among the three groups, neither at baseline nor after stimulating the retina with flicker light. The arterial wall-to-lumen ratio (WLR) tended to be smaller in Group DM compared with Group C, and was significantly lower when comparing Group IR with Group C. When the subjects were grouped according to their insulin resistance, a steady decline in RBF and WLR could be observed with increasing insulin resistance.

Conclusions

In conclusion, laser scanner flowmetry of the retina was found to detect very early changes in microvascular blood flow. Development of insulin resistance seems to be an important component in the deterioration of RBF.     

Serum visfatin is associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus independent of insulin resistance and obesity

Objective

The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of serum visfatin, adiponectin and leptin with 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the context of the role of obesity or insulin resistance, which is not well understood.

Methods

A total of 76 newly-diagnosed T2DM patients and 76 healthy control subjects, matched for age, body mass index (BMI) and sex ratio, were enrolled. Anthropometric parameters, glycemic and lipid profile, insulin resistance (measured by homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance index [HOMA-IR]), leptin, adiponectin, and visfatin were assessed.

Results

On the contrary to adiponectin, serum leptin and visfatin levels were higher in T2DM patients compared with controls (10.07 ± 4.5, 15.87 ± 16.4, and 5.49 ± 2.4 vs. 12.22 ± 4.9 μg/ml, 8.5 ± 7.8 ng/ml and 3.58 ± 2.2 ng/ml, respectively, P < 0.01). Waist circumference and BMI were correlated with leptin and adiponectin but not with visfatin. Leptin, adiponectin and visfatin all were associated with T2DM following adjusting for obesity measures. After controlling for HOMA-IR, visfatin remained as an independent predictor of T2DM (odds ratio = 1.32, P < 0.05). In a multiple regression analysis to determine visfatin only triglycerides and fasting glucose remained in the model (P < 0.05).

Conclusion

Elevation of visfatin in T2DM is independent of obesity and insulin resistance and is mainly determined by fasting glucose and triglycerides.     

Combination of oral antidiabetic agents with basal insulin versus premixed insulin alone in randomized elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

OBJECTIVES: To compare initiation of insulin therapy by adding once-daily insulin glargine to oral antidiabetic agents (OADs) with switching patients to premixed 30% regular, 70% human neutral protamine hagedorn insulin (70/30) without OADs. DESIGN: A 24-week, multicenter, open, randomized (1:1), parallel study. SETTING: Three hundred sixty-four poorly controlled patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were treated with once-daily morning insulin glargine with continued OADs (glimepiride+metformin) (glargine+OAD) or twice-daily 70/30 alone. Insulin dosage in each group was titrated to target fasting blood glucose (FBG) of 100 mg/dL or less (or=6.7 mmol/L) and hemoglobin (Hb)A(1c) levels between 7.5% and 10.5% on OADs (glargine+OAD, n=67; 70/30, n=63). MEASUREMENTS: HbA(1c), FBG, hypoglycemia, insulin dose, and adverse events were recorded. RESULTS: HbA(1c) decreased from baseline to endpoint for both glargine+OAD (from 8.8% to 7.0%) and 70/30 (from 8.9% to 7.4%); adjusted mean HbA(1c) decrease for glargine+OAD and 70/30 was -1.9% and -1.4%, respectively (P=.003). More patients reached HbA(1c) of 7.0% or less without confirmed nocturnal hypoglycemia with glargine+OAD (n=37, 55.2%) than with 70/30 (n=19, 30.2%) (P=.006). FBG decreased significantly more with glargine+OAD (-57 mg/dL (-3.2 mmol/L)) than with 70/30 (-40 mg/dL (-2.2 mmol/L)) (P=.002). Patients treated with glargine+OAD experienced fewer episodes of any hypoglycemia (3.68/patient-year) than did those treated with 70/30 (9.09/patient-year) (P=.008). CONCLUSION: In elderly patients, addition of once-daily morning glargine+OAD is a simple regimen to initiate insulin therapy, restoring glycemic control more effectively and with less hypoglycemia than twice-daily 70/30 alone.     

生脉散对2型糖尿病大鼠炎症因子及胰岛素抵抗的影响

目的探讨生脉散对2型糖尿病(T2DM)大鼠炎症因子及胰岛素抵抗的影响。方法采用小剂量链脲佐菌素(STZ)加高脂饮食饲养方法建立2型糖尿病大鼠模型,设立正常对照组、模型对照组、阿司匹林阳性对照组、生脉散低、中、高剂量治疗组,生脉散低、中、高剂量治疗组分别灌服生脉散汤剂[4.7 g/(kg·d)、9.4 g/(kg·d)、18.8 g/(kg·d)],阿司匹林阳性对照组灌服阿司匹林[200 mg/(kg·d)],模型对照组和正常对照组灌服等量生理盐水,治疗4周。采用尾静脉取血,用血糖仪检测治疗前后各组大鼠空腹血糖(FBG)、放射免疫法检测空腹胰岛素(FINS)水平,计算胰岛素敏感性指数(ISI)、胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR);酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测血清肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂1(PAI-1)、白细胞介素6 (IL-6)、C反应蛋白(CRP)的含量。结果治疗4周后,与模型对照组比较,阿司匹林阳性对照组及生脉散中、高剂量治疗组大鼠FBG、FINS、HOMA-IR水平显著降低,ISI水平显著升高(P0.05);与阿司匹林阳性对照组比较,生脉散低剂量治疗组大鼠FBG、FINS、HOMA-IR水平升高,ISI水平降低,生脉散中、高剂量治疗组大鼠FBG、FINS、HOMA-IR水平显著降低,ISI水平显著升高,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。与模型对照组比较,阿司匹林阳性对照组和生脉散低、中、高剂量治疗组血清TNF-α、PAI-1、IL-6、CRP的含量显著降低(P0.05)。结论生脉散可改善2型糖尿病大鼠胰岛素抵抗,可能与抑制炎症因子释放有关。     

Treating insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes with metformin and thiazolidinediones

Insulin resistance underlies the pathogenesis of hyperglycaemia and cardiovascular disease in most people with type 2 diabetes. Metformin and thiazolidinediones (pioglitazone and rosiglitazone) counter insulin resistance by different cellular mechanisms and with complementary effects, making them suited for use in combination. Metformin exerts a stronger suppression of hepatic glucose output, while thiazolidinediones produce a greater increase in peripheral glucose uptake, enabling metformin-thiazolidinedione combinations to improve glycaemic control in type 2 diabetes with additive efficacy. Basal insulin concentrations are not raised by metformin or thiazolidinediones, so there is minimal risk of hypoglycaemia, and metformin can reduce the weight gain associated with thiazolidinediones. There are overlapping effects of metformin and thiazolidinediones against a range of athero-thrombotic factors and markers. These include decreased plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, reduced platelet aggregation, reductions of several vascular adhesion molecules, and reduced markers of low-grade inflammation such as C-reactive protein. Additionally, thiazolidinediones increase adiponectin and slightly reduce blood pressure. Both metformin and thiazolidinediones can improve components of the lipid profile: thiazolidinediones consistently reduce free fatty acid concentrations and decrease the proportion of small dense low-density-lipoprotein, and pioglitazone also decreases triglycerides. During co-administration, metformin and thiazolidinediones do not interfere with each other's pharmacokinetics, and lower doses of the two agents together can achieve efficacy with fewer side effects. Metformin-thiazolidinedione combinations require attention to the precautions for both agents, especially renal, cardiac and hepatic status. Thus, metformin and thiazolidinediones can be used in combination to address the hyperglycaemia and vascular risk in type 2 diabetes.     

血管生成素样蛋白2在2型糖尿病中的研究进展

血管生成素样蛋白2(ANGPTL2)是一种结构类似于血管生成素的分泌型循环糖蛋白,属于血管生成素样蛋白家族,其表达与肥胖症、胰岛素抵抗、2型糖尿病及其并发症等疾病密切相关。因此,ANGPTL2是糖尿病领域新的研究热点。本文就ANGPTL2的生物学特性、其在2型糖尿病及并发症中的研究进展进行综述。     

Molecular mechanism of insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus: role of the insulin receptor variant forms

Type 2 diabetes is a heterogeneous and polygenic disorder resulting from interaction of genetic factors with environmental influences. Numerous candidate genes for insulin signaling proteins have been screened, but no single major susceptibility gene for type 2 diabetes has been identified. Due to its pivotal role in insulin action, the insulin receptor was considered a plausible candidate gene. The insulin receptor exists in two isoforms differing by the absence (Ex11^?) or presence (Ex11⁺) of a 12 amino acid sequence in the COOH‐terminus of the α‐subunit, as a consequence of alternative splicing of exon 11. The Ex11^? binds insulin with two‐fold higher affinity than the Ex11⁺. This difference is paralleled by a decreased sensitivity for metabolic actions of insulin. Some, but not all, studies have reported that expression of the low‐affinity Ex11⁺ is increased in target tissues from type 2 diabetic patients, thus suggesting that alterations in abundance of the two isoforms might contribute to insulin resistance. Insulin and type 1 IGF receptors have been shown to form hybrid receptors in tissues co‐expressing both molecules. Hybrid receptors bind IGF‐I, but not insulin, with high affinity, and behave as IGF‐I holoreceptors, rather than insulin receptors, in terms of receptor autophosphorylation, and hormone internalization. It has been shown that the abundance of hybrid receptors is increased in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue from type 2 diabetic patients, and is negatively correlated with in vivo insulin sensitivity. Mutations in the insulin receptor gene have been identified in studies which examined an appropriately sized population of patients with type 2 diabetes. The prevalence of mutations in the insulin receptor gene ranged from 0.4%–7.8%. This review will focus on the structural and functional heterogeneity of the insulin receptor, and will discuss the pathogenetic role of insulin receptor variant forms and polymorphisms in the development of the common form of type 2 diabetes. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

不同病程初发2型糖尿病对胰岛素短期强化治疗的反应

目的糖尿病初期胰岛素强化治疗可改善胰岛β细胞功能,但治疗时机尚无一致意见。本研究分析了不同病程初发2型糖尿病患者短期胰岛素强化治疗的胰岛β细胞功能改善程度。方法对2007年2月以来我科诊治的空腹血糖≥11.1mmol/L的初发2型糖尿病患者91例进行胰岛素强化治疗,对糖尿病病程在1周内组(A组,n=41)和12周以上组(B组,n=29)的患者进行分析总结。患者均行口服糖耐量试验测血糖和胰岛素、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、糖化血清蛋白、血脂、尿酸、肝肾功能。每日4次三短一中胰岛素强化治疗4周后复测上述指标。采用稳态模型(HOMA)计算胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)和胰岛素分泌指数(HOMA-β)。结果 A组和B组患者治疗后与治疗前相比,空腹血糖、糖化血清蛋白、HbA1c、甘油三酯、胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、收缩压和舒张压均有明显下降(P0.05),尿酸水平有所上升(P0.05),但两组相比无差异。两组患者强化治疗4周后HOMA-IR较治疗前无差异,而HOMA-β较治疗前有明显改善(P0.05),A组HOMA-β改善程度好于B组(P0.05)。以强化4周后HOMA-β为因变量,进行多因素回归分析,影响因素有体重指数、血压、甘油三酯水平、血糖达标时间、治疗前后HbA1c和糖化血清蛋白差值。结论糖尿病病程1周内进行强化治疗,胰岛β细胞功能改善好于病程12周以上,说明病程越短治疗效果越好。