布洛伪麻那敏片与氨酚伪麻那敏片治疗上呼吸道症状的对照研究

目的：评价布洛伪麻那敏片治疗由普通感冒或感冒所致的上呼吸道症状的有效性和安全性。方法：采用多中心、随机双盲、阳性药物平行对照研究。共完成的病例数为226例。其中A组112例,B组114例,分别予以布洛伪麻那敏片和氨酚伪麻那敏片治疗,药物用法为每日3次,每次1片,疗程3～5d。结果：A组的总有效率为100.00%,总显效率为98.21%;B组的总有效率为99.12%,总显效率为97.37%。表明A组和B组总疗效差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。两组总有效率和总显效率非劣效性检验显示,A组非劣效于B组（P〈0.05）。不良反应发生率,A组和B组分别为20.18%和24.79%（P〉0.05）。结论：布洛伪麻那敏片和氨酚伪麻那敏片均系对症治疗感冒所致上呼吸道症状的安全有效药物。     

Central Composite Design for Validation of HPTLC Method for Simultaneous Estimation of Olmesartan Medoxomil,Amlodipine Besylate and Hydrochlorothiazide in Tablets

High performance thin layer chromatographic method for simultaneous estimation of olmesartan medoxomil, amlodipine besylate and hydrochlorothiazide was developed and validated as per ICH guidelines. Moreover, robustness testing was performed applying a central composite design with k factor having 2^k factorial runs, 2k axial experiments and two center points. High performance thin layer chromatographic separation was performed on aluminium plates precoated with silica gel 60F₂₅₄ and toluene:chloroform:methanol:acetonitrile:formic acid (2:7:1.8:0.8:0.2% v/v) as optimized mobile phase. The detection wavelength for simultaneous estimation of three drugs was 232nm. The R_f values for olmesartan medoxomil, amlodipine besylate and hydrochlorthiazide were 0.78, 0.20 and 0.45, respectively. Percent recoveries in terms of accuracy for the marketed formulation was found to be 101.3-104.4, 100.7-104 and 101.5-103.9 for, olmesartan medoxomil, amlodipine besylate and hydrochlorthiazide, respectively. The pooled %relative standard deviation values for repeatability studies and intermediate precision studies was found to be less than 2% for olmesartan medoxomil, amlodipine besylate and hydrochlorthiazide, respectively. All the three factors evaluated in the robustness testing by central composite design were found to have an insignificant effect on the retention factor. However, methanol content in total mobile phase as a factor appeared to have significant effect on robustness, compared to band size and developing distance and hence it is important to be carefully controlled. In summary, a novel, simple, accurate and reproducible high performance thin layer chromatographic method was developed, which would be of use in quality control of these tablets.     

Stability indicating HPTLC method for the simultaneous determination of pseudoephedrine and cetirizine in pharmaceutical formulations

The combination of pseudoephedrine and cetirizine is widely used in the treatment of allergic rhinitis. A rapid, selective and stability indicating high performance thin layer chromatographic method was developed and validated for their simultaneous estimation in pharmaceutical dosage forms. The method employed TLC aluminium plates precoated with silica gel 60F-254 as the stationary phase. The solvent system consisted of ethyl acetate-methanol-ammonia (7:1.5:1, v/v/v). This system was found to give compact spots for both pseudoephedrine (Rf value of 0.69+/-0.01) and cetirizine (Rf value of 0.38+/-0.01). Also the degraded products were well separated from the pure drugs. Spectrodensitometric scanning-integration was performed at a wavelength of 240 nm. The polynomial regression data for the calibration plots showed good linear relationship with r(2)=0.9947 in the concentration range of 10-26 microg for pseudeophedrine and 200-1200 ng for cetirizine with r(2)=0.9973. The method was validated for precision, accuracy, ruggedness and recovery. The minimum detectable amounts were found to be 2 microg and 500 pg for pseudoephedrine and cetirizine, respectively. The limits of quantitation were found to be 6 microg for pseudoephedrine and 800 pg for cetirizine. Both the drugs do not undergo degradation under acidic and basic conditions. The samples degraded with hydrogen peroxide showed additional peaks at Rf values of 0.75 and 0.28 for pseudoephedrine and cetirizine, respectively. This indicates that both the drugs are susceptible to oxidation. Statistical analysis proves that the method is reproducible and selective for the simultaneous estimation of pseudoephedrine and cetirizine. As the method could effectively separate the drugs from their degradation products, it can be employed as a stability indicating one.     

布洛伪麻分散片的溶出度测定

建立了布洛伪麻分散片的溶出度检查方法.考察在不同的溶出介质、转速下布洛伪麻分散片中布洛芬和盐酸伪麻黄碱的溶出情况,确定了溶出参数:照中国药典2010年版溶出度第二法装置,以pH 5.5的磷酸盐缓冲液900ml为溶出介质,转速50 r/min.采用HPLC法测定每片中布洛芬和盐酸伪麻黄碱的溶出量.使用C18色谱柱,流动相为乙腈-水(1∶1)(每1 000ml含十二烷基磺酸钠2.5 g,加磷酸1 ml,混匀后用氨水调至pH 3.2),检测波长215 nm.布洛芬和盐酸伪麻黄碱在10～1 000 μg/ml和1.5～150 μ.g/ml范围内线性关系良好,回收率为98.1％和100.4％,RSD为2.6％和0.4％.     

Development and Validation of a HPTLC Method for Simultaneous Quantitation of Flunarizine Dihydrochloride and Propranolol Hydrochloride in Capsule Dosage Form

A simple, precise, accurate, and rapid high-performance thin layer chromatographic method has been developed and validated for the simultaneous quantitation of flunarizine dihydrochloride and propranolol hydrochloride in a combined capsule dosage form. The method was carried out on precoated silica gel 60 F₂₅₄ TLC aluminum plate, (20×10 cm²). The solvent system was ethyl acetate:methanol:glacial acetic acid in the proportion of 8:1:1, (v/v/v). R_f value for flunarizine dihydrochloride and propranolol hydrochloride was found to be 0.62±0.02 and 0.18±0.02, respectively. The linearity regression analysis for calibration showed 0.999 and 0.999 for flunarizine dihydrochloride and propranolol hydrochloride with respect to peak area and height in the concentration range of 50-350 ng/spot and 500-3500 ng/spot, respectively. Accuracy of recovery studies was found to be 98-100.28 and 99.11-99.45% for flunarizine dihydrochloride and propranolol hydrochloride, respectively. The amounts of drug in marketed formulation were 100.5 and 101.25% of flunarizine dihydrochloride and propranolol hydrochloride, respectively. The method developed can be used for routine analysis in bulk drug and capsule dosage form.     

Validated high-performance thin-layer chromatographic (HPTLC) method for simultaneous determination of nadifloxacin,mometasone furoate,and miconazole nitrate cream using fractional factorial design

A high-performance thin-layer chromatographic method for simultaneous determination of nadifloxacin, mometasone furoate, and miconazole nitrate was developed and validated as per International Conference on Harmonization guidelines. High-performance thin-layer chromatographic separation was performed on aluminum plates precoated with silica gel 60F₂₅₄ and methanol:ethyl acetate:toluene: acetonitrile:3M ammonium formate in water (1:2.5:6.0:0.3:0.2, % v/v) as optimized mobile phase at detection wavelength of 224 nm. The retardation factor (R_f) values for nadifloxacin, mometasone furoate, and miconazole nitrate were 0.23, 0.70, and 0.59, respectively. Percent recoveries in terms of accuracy for the marketed formulation were found to be 98.35–99.76%, 99.36–99.65%, and 99.16–100.25% for nadifloxacin, mometasone furoate, and miconazole nitrate, respectively. The pooled percent relative standard deviation for repeatability and intermediate precision studies was found to be < 2% for three target analytes. The effect of four independent variables, methanol content in total mobile phase, wavelength, chamber saturation time, and solvent front, was evaluated by fractional factorial design for robustness testing. Amongst all four factors, volume of methanol in mobile phase appeared to have a possibly significant effect on retention factor of miconazole nitrate compared with the other two drugs nadifloxacin and mometasone furoate, and therefore it was important to be carefully controlled. In summary, a novel, simple, accurate, reproducible, and robust high-performance thin-layer chromatographic method was developed, which would be of use in quality control of these cream formulations.     

Stability indicating HPTLC determination of Trimetazidine as bulk drug and in pharmaceutical formulations

A simple, selective, precise and stability-indicating high-performance thin-layer chromatographic method of analysis of trimetazidine hydrochloride both as a bulk drug and in formulations is reported. The mobile phase composition was n-butanol-water-methanol-ammonia (20%) (14:0.2:0.2:2, v/v/v/v). Densitometric analysis of trimetazidine hydrochloride was carried out in the absorbance mode at 254 nm. the calibration curve of trimetazidine hydrochloride in methanol was linear in the range 400 -- 2400 ng. The mean value of correlation coefficient, slope and intercept were 0.99815 and #61617;0.001, 0.4849 and #61617;0.001 and 31.633 and #61617;5.996 respectively. The limits of detection and quantitation were 50 and 80 ng respectively. The recovery of trimetazidine hydrochloride was about 98 -- 100%. This method was utilized to analyze trimetazidine hydrochloride from conventional tablets and controlled release pellets in the presence if commonly used excipients.     

复方布洛芬苯海拉明软胶囊溶出度测定方法

建立了同时测定布洛芬和苯海拉明的含量反相高效液相法,确定以C18柱,流动相为乙腈-磷酸盐缓冲盐-甲醇为3∶2∶5,流速为1.0 mL.min-1,检测波长为210 nm的色谱条件;通过对溶出转速、介质和溶出曲线等条件考察,建立了本软胶囊溶出度的测定方法。结果:布洛芬在55.1～551μg.mL-1浓度范围内呈良好的线性关系,苯海拉明在6.9～69μg.mL-1浓度范围内呈良好的线性关系,布洛芬和盐酸苯海拉明的平均回收率分别100.8%±0.7%和101.4%±0.6%,溶出度测定结果限度为30 min大于标示量的80%。     

布洛伪麻自微乳化制剂的处方筛选及体外溶出的评价

目的筛选布洛伪麻自微乳化释药系统处方,并考察其溶出度。方法通过绘制假三元相图、乳化后的外观及粒径的测定筛选最佳处方;以市售软胶囊为参比制剂测定自微乳化胶囊在不同溶出介质中的溶出度;考察自微乳化后药液的稳定性。结果最优处方为1,2-丙二醇、Tween80、油酸乙酯3种物质的质量比为15∶40∶45。自微乳化制剂中布洛芬在3种溶出介质中溶出无差异,45 min时溶出度均达80%以上,而市售软胶囊在蒸馏水、0.1 mol.L-1盐酸中,60 min布洛芬的溶出度不到40%。结论自微乳化制剂中布洛芬的溶出不受介质的影响。     

A new hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatographic (HILIC) procedure for the simultaneous determination of pseudoephedrine hydrochloride (PSH), diphenhydramine hydrochloride (DPH) and dextromethorphan hydrobromide (DXH) in cough-cold formulations

A new HILIC method has been developed for the simultaneous determination of pseudoephedrine hydrochloride (PSH), diphenhydramine hydrochloride (DPH) and dextromethorphan hydrobromide (DXH) in cough-cold syrup. Mobile phase consists of methanol:water (containing 6.0 g of ammonium acetate and 10 mL of triethylamine per liter, pH adjusted to 5.2 with orthophosphoric acid), 95:5 (v/v). Column containing porous silica particles (Supelcosil LC-Si, 25 cm x 4.6 mm, 5 microm) is used as stationary phase. Detection is carried out using a variable wavelength UV-vis detector at 254 nm for PSH and DPH, and at 280 nm for DXH. Solutions are injected into the chromatograph under isocratic condition at constant flow rate of 1.2 mL/min. Linearity range and percent recoveries for PSH, DPH and DXH were 150-600, 62.5-250, 75-300 microg/mL and 100.7%, 100.1% and 100.8%, respectively. Method is stability indicating and excipients like saccharin sodium, sodium citrate, flavour and sodium benzoate did not interfere in the analysis. Compounds elute in order of increasing ionization degree caused by cation-exchange mechanism in a run time of less than 15 min. Mobile phase pH is manipulated to regulate ionization and ion-exchange interaction and thereby retention of compounds.     

HPTLC Method for the Simultaneous Estimation of Valsartan and Hydrochlorothiazide in Tablet Dosage Form

A simple, precise, accurate and rapid high performance thin layer chromatographic method has been developed and validated for the simultaneous estimation of valsartan and hydrochlorothiazide in combined dosage forms. The stationary phase used was precoated silica gel 60F₂₅₄. The mobile phase used was a mixture of chloroform: methanol: toluene: glacial acetic acid (6:2:1:0.1 v/v/v/v). The detection of spots were carried out at 260 nm. The method was validated in terms of linearity, accuracy, precision and specificity. The calibration curve was found to be linear between 300 to 800 ng/spot for valsartan and 100 to 600 ng/spot for hydrochlorothiazide. The limit of detection and the limit of quantification for the valsartan were found to be 100 and 300 ng/spot respectively and for hydrochlorothiazide 30 and 100 ng/spot respectively. The proposed method can be successfully used to determine the drug content of marketed formulation.     

Stability-indicating HPLC assays for the determination of prilocaine and procaine drug combinations

Stability-indicating, reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) methods have been developed for the determination of several procaine hydrochloride and prilocaine hydrochloride combinations. The separation and quantitation of epinephrine-prilocaine and epinephrine-procaine drug combinations were achieved on a phenyl column using a mobile phase of 80:20% v/v 25 mM phosphate buffer (pH 3.0) containing 50 mM heptanesulfonic acid sodium salt-acetonitrile at a flow rate of 1 ml x min(-1) and UV detection at 254 nm. The method showed linearity for the epinephrine and prilocaine hydrochloride mixture in the 0.25-2.5 and 8-200 micro g ml(-1) ranges, respectively. The intra- and inter-day relative standard deviations (RSDs) ranged from 0.26 to 2.05% and 0.04 to 0.61% for epinephrine and prilocaine hydrochloride, respectively. The epinephrine and procaine hydrochloride mixture yielded linear ranges of 0.25-2.0 and 5-100 micro g ml(-1) and intra- and inter-day RSDs ranged from 0.23 to 1.88% and 0.07 to 0.26% for epinephrine and procaine hydrochloride, respectively. The assays were shown to be suitable for measuring epinephrine-prilocaine and epinephrine-procaine combinations in their respective injection dosage forms. Stability-indicating HPLC assays were also developed for several other procaine drug combinations since their monographs are present in the USP 24; however, quantitation was not investigated since these combinations are not commercially available. A mobile phase consisting of 80:20% v/v 25 mM phosphate buffer (pH 3.0) containing 50 mM heptanesulfonic acid-acetonitrile was utilized for the levonordefrin-tetracaine-procaine drug combination, while a mobile phase consisting of 70:30% v/v 25 mM phosphate buffer (pH 3.0) containing 50 mM heptanesulfonic acid sodium salt-acetonitrile was utilized for the separation of levonordefrin-procaine-propoxycaine and norepinephrine-procaine-propoxycaine. All separations were achieved on a phenyl column at a flow rate of 1 ml x min(-1) and UV detection at 254 nm.     

扑苯黄片中三组分的HPLC测定

用ＨＰＬＣ同时测定扑苯黄片中三组分的含量。采用Ｓｐｈｅｒｉｓｏｒｂ ＣＮ柱，操作简单，结果准确。对乙酰氨基酚、盐酸伪麻黄碱、盐酸苯海拉明的回收率分别为１００．３％、９９．８％、９９．５％，ＲＳＤ分别为０．２９％、０．５１％、０．４５％。     

Simultaneous HPTLC Determination of Rabeprazole and Itopride Hydrochloride From Their Combined Dosage Form

A simple, precise, sensitive, rapid and reproducible HPTLC method for the simultaneous estimation of the rabeprazole and itopride hydrochloride in tablets was developed and validated. This method involves separation of the components by TLC on precoated silica gel G60F254 plate with solvent system of n-butanol, toluene and ammonia (8.5:0.5:1 v/v/v) and detection was carried out densitometrically using a UV detector at 288 nm in absorbance mode. This system was found to give compact spots for rabeprazole (Rf value of 0.23 0.02) and for itopride hydrochloride (Rf value of 0.75±0.02). Linearity was found to be in the range of 40-200 ng/spot and 300-1500 ng/spot for rabeprazole and itopride hydrochloride. The limit of detection and limit of quantification for rabeprazole were 10 and 20 ng/spot and for itopride hydrochloride were 50 and 100 ng/spot, respectively. The method was found to be beneficial for the routine analysis of combined dosage form.     

Simultaneous spectrophotometric determination of pseudoephedrine hydrochloride and ibuprofen in a pharmaceutical preparation using ratio spectra derivative spectrophotometry and multivariate calibration techniques

Spectrophotometric methods are described for the simultaneous determination of pseudoephedrine hydrochloride and ibuprofen in their combination. The obtained data were evaluated by using five different methods. In the first method, ratio spectra derivative spectrophotometry, analytical signals were measured at the wavelengths corresponding to either maximums and minimums for both drugs in the first derivative spectra of the ratio spectra obtained by using each other spectra as divisor in their solution in 0.1 M HCl. In the other four spectrophotometric methods using chemometric techniques, classical least-squares, inverse least-squares, principal component regression and partial least-squares (PLS), the concentration data matrix were prepared by using the synthetic mixtures containing these drugs in methanol:0.1 M HCl (3:1). The absorbance data matrix corresponding to the concentration data matrix was obtained by the measurements of absorbances in the range 240-285 nm in the intervals with deltalambda = 2.5 nm at 18 wavelengths in their zero-order spectra, then, calibration or regression was obtained by using the absorbance data matrix and concentration data matrix for the prediction of the unknown concentrations of pseudoephedrine hydrochloride and ibuprofen in their mixture. The procedures did not require any separation step. The linear range was found to be 300-1300 microg/ml for ibuprofen and 100-1300 microg/ml for pseudoephedrine hydrochloride in all five methods. The accuracy and the precision of the methods have been determined and they have been validated by analyzing synthetic mixtures. The five methods were successfully applied to tablets and the results were compared with each other.     

RP-HPLC Method for Simultaneous Estimation of Frusemide and Amiloride Hydrochloride in Tablet Formulation

A new reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography method for the simultaneous estimation of frusemide and amiloride hydrochloride in tablet formulation is developed. The determination was carried out on a HIQ SIL, C18 (250×4.6 mm, 5 μm) column using a mobile phase of 50 mM phosphate buffer solution:acetonitrile (50:50 v/v, pH 3.0). The flow rate was 1.0 ml/min with detection at 283 nm. The retention time for frusemide was 3.038 min and for amiloride hydrochloride 10.002 min. Frusemide and amiloride hydrochloride showed a linear response in the concentration range of 20-200 μg/ml and 10-100 μg/ml, respectively. The results of analysis have been validated statistically and by recovery studies. The mean recoveries found for frusemide was 99.98% and for amiloride hydrochloride was 100.09%. Developed method was found to be simple, accurate, precise and selective for simultaneous estimation of frusemide and amiloride hydrochloride in tablets.     

Development and validation of liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method for the estimation of rifampicin in plasma

A selective, rapid and sensitive liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method was developed for the quantitative estimation of rifampicin in plasma. With phenacetin as internal standard, sample pretreatment involved a one-step extraction with ethyl acetate from plasma. The sample was analyzed using methanol: 2mM ammonium acetate: 80:20 v/v as mobile phase. Chromatographic separation was achieved on a BDS Hypersil Gold C(18) column which was followed by detection with mass spectrometry. Linear calibration curves were obtained in the concentration range of 5.021-1008.315 ng/ml. The inter- and intra-day accuracy values were below 15% at all quality control levels. Percent recoveries for rifampicin at high, middle and low quality control samples was obtained 55.15, 48.65 and 49.62%, respectively and for internal standard was 60.22%. Rifampicin was found stable through all validation parameters. Developed method was found to be simple, precise, accurate and rapid for estimation of rifampicin in plasma. Thus, the method can be employed for routine pharmacokinetic and bioequivalence studies.     

风寒感冒颗粒中含量测定方法研究

目的:建立测定风寒感冒颗粒中盐酸麻黄碱、盐酸伪麻黄碱和葛根素含量的HPLC法,制定含量参考限度.方法:盐酸麻黄碱、盐酸伪麻黄碱含量以Sunfire C18(4.6 mm x 250 mm,5 μm)为色谱柱,乙腈-0.02 mol· L-1磷酸二氢钾溶液(含0.2％三乙胺,用磷酸调pH至2.7)(3:97)为流动相,检...     

反相离子对高效液相色谱法同时测定非索伪麻缓释片中两组分含量

目的建立同时测定非索伪麻缓释片中两组分含量的反相离子对高效液相色谱法。方法采用Shim-pack VP—ODS柱（150mm×4．6mm,5μm）,以甲醇-0．05mol／L磷酸二氢钾-十二烷基硫酸钠（70：30：0．03,用磷酸调pH至3．0）为流动相,检测波长210nm,柱温30℃,流速1．0mL／min。结果盐酸非索非那定质量浓度在6．01～120．20mg／L范围内与峰面积线性关系良好,r=0．9999,平均回收率为99．82％,RSD=0．20％（n=9）;盐酸伪麻黄碱质量浓度在12．08—241．68mg／L范围内与峰面积线性关系良好,r=0．9999,平均回收率为99．88％,RSD=0．29％（n=9）。结论反相离子对高效液相色谱法可对盐酸非索非那定和盐酸伪麻黄碱同时进行测定,具有快速、简便、灵敏、准确的特点。     

磷酸可待因与布洛芬的分离与检测

本文介绍了一种用高效液相色谱法（ＨＰＬＣ）检测复方制剂中磷酸可待因和布洛芬含量的方法。该方法用Ｃ１８ＯＤＳ为固定相，甲醇－０．０５ｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１ＫＨ２ＰＯ４（用三乙胺调ｐＨ＝６）－ＴＨＦ（Ｖ／Ｖ＝１６０：１００：１０）为流动相。ＵＶ检测波长２５４ｎｍ。该方法不需经提取分离，溶解后直接进样。简便快速，结果可靠。