甲状腺疾病与脑血管病

甲状腺疾病与脑血管病的关系日益受到关注。研究显示,甲状腺疾病与缺血性脑血管病、烟雾病、脑静脉窦血栓形成、动脉夹层分离等多种脑血管病有关。文章对甲状腺疾病与脑血管病相关性的研究进展进行了综述。     

睡眠呼吸暂停综合征并发脑血管疾病28例临床分析

睡眠呼吸暂停综合征 (SAS)是睡眠呼吸调节障碍性疾患的一种表现 ,常并发脑血管疾病。本文就山东省立医院呼吸科 1997-0 2～ 2 0 0 1-10收治的SAS并发脑血管疾病 2 8例作临床分析 ,报道如下。1　资料与方法1.1　一般资料　 2 8例中 ,男 2 2例 ,女 6例。年龄 49 3～75 5岁 ,平均 63 4岁。所有病例在并发脑血管疾病前有 3～ 10年呼吸睡眠暂停病史 ,且均已排除脑血管疾病急性期继发的病态睡眠呼吸。1.2　临床表现　除打鼾及睡眠中呼吸暂停等SAS症状外 ,表现脑梗死 14例 ,脑出血 4例 ,血管性痴呆 3例 ,短暂性脑缺血发作 (TIA) 5例 ,癫疒间…     

急性脑血管病的治疗

<正> 1 缺血性脑血管病的治疗20世纪80年代,实验研究发现,当局部脑血流量低于某一特定临界值时,会出现局灶性神经缺损症状。能否及时恢复缺血脑组织的血流灌注,成为逆转或减轻脑组织损伤的关键。因此,在缺血性脑     

视网膜血管病变与脑血管病

视网膜血管病变与脑血管病的关系日益受到重视.多数研究显示,视网膜血管病变可反映脑血管病变,从而帮助我们更直接地了解脑血管病.视网膜血管病变与脑血管病的发病风险、转归以及认知损害密切相关.     

动脉僵硬度与脑血管病

近年来,动脉僵硬度检测备受重视,但其与脑血管病之间的关系尚未完全阐明。文章对动脉僵硬度的检测方法及其与脑血管病危险因素、缺血性卒中（包括无症状脑梗死）和脑出血的关系进行了综述。     

餐后高血糖与脑血管病

餐后血糖升高是动脉粥样硬化和脑血管病的危险因素.文章分别从餐后高血糖参与动脉粥样硬化的病理生理学机制、餐后高血糖与脑血管病的关系及其病理生理学机制等方面,综述了餐后高血糖引起脑血管病的机制.     

Src激酶与脑血管病

Src家族激酶(Src family kinase,SFK)是最大的非受体酪氨酸激酶家族,在调控细胞形态、增殖、生长、黏附和运动方面发挥着关键作用.Src激酶的激活与细胞表面许多信号输入相耦联,包括生长因子、细胞因子、免疫细胞受体、G蛋白耦联受体、整合素以及其他细胞黏附分子.此外,作为连接细胞内和细胞外许多重要信号通路的膜结合开关分子,Src激酶在脑血管病的发生中也起着重要作用.     

食欲素A与脑血管疾病

食欲素（orexin）是一类下丘脑的重要神经肽,包括A和B2种。食欲素与许多生理功能有关,包括睡眠－觉醒、能量平衡、内分泌、内脏功能等,并且与一些病理生理学变化也有一定关系,如嗜睡、药物滥用等。近年来,有关食欲素在脑血管病中的病理生理学作用及其机制和临床意义日益引起关注。文章概述了食欲素的作用,重点阐述食欲素A在脑血管病中的作用。     

他汀类药物与缺血性脑血管病

除降脂外,他汀类药物还具有广泛的多效性.文章对他汀类药物在缺血性脑血管病防治中的多效性进行了综合和归纳.     

Hemorheological disturbances in cerebrovascular diseases

The aim of the study was to evaluate the possible relationship of the hemorheological disturbances with the clinical symptoms and some risk factors (RF) for cerebrovascular diseases (CVD). The study included 68 patients with CVD, 29 with transient ischemic attacks (TIA) and 39 with chronic unilateral cerebral infarctions (UCI) and 47 healthy control subjects. A questionnaire for RF for CVD was filled. Hemorheological variables: leucocytes, hemoglobin, hematocrit, fibrinogen (Fib), plasma (PV) and whole blood viscosity (WBV) at different shear rates by Couette rotational viscometer Contraves Low Shear 30 were investigated and the hemorheological indices of erythrocyte aggregation (IEA), erythrocyte deformability (IED) and of oxygen transport to tissues (TO(2)) were calculated. The arterial hypertension was the most frequent RF in the examined patients'. The hemorheological investigation showed significant increase of Fib in the patients with TIA and of PV and WBV in both patients' groups. The comparative study of the hemorheological variables with the RF for CVD showed predominating significant correlations with blood pressure (systolic, diastolic and mean) values, with age, cholesterol, physical activity and the body mass index. Our study confirms the possibility the hemorheological variables to be accepted as RF for development of stroke and for its recurrences.     

微小RNA与缺血性脑血管病

微小RNA(microRNA,miRNA)是一类高度保守的非编码小RNA,在转录后水平对基因表达进行负向调控,可导致翻译抑制或mRNA降解.miRNA在进化上高度保守,广泛参与生物体的生长、发育、凋亡等生理或病理学过程.最近的研究表明,特定miRNA在缺血性脑血管病的发生和发展过程中发挥着重要作用,同时还参与了脑缺血后的损伤机制以及保护和修复机制的调控.充分认识各种miRNA的功能意义及其表达水平改变所起的调节作用,不仅有助于明确治疗靶点,阻止神经元死亡,减轻缺血性脑损伤,而且还能通过其表达水平的调控清除凋亡细胞,促进血管发生和神经发生.此外,miRNA也可能为缺血性卒中的预防和诊断提供新的策略.     

气候变化与脑血管病

在伞球气候变化的背景下,探讨气候变化对人类健康的影响已成为卫生、气象和环保部门日益关注的问题.研究表明,气候变化是脑血管病发病和死亡的诱凶之一.文章对气候变化与脑血管病发病关系及可能机制进行了综述.     

Hyperlipidemia in cerebrovascular diseases.

1. Hypertriglyceridemia and hyper beta-lipoproteinemia are closely related to the pathophysiologic status of the cerebrovascular patients. 2. The electrophoretic analysis of serum lipoprotein is the usefull method for the study on hyperlipidemia in the cerebrovascular disease. 3. The electrophoretic analysis of the serum lipoprotein gives close relation to the clinical features in the patients with normal serum lipid levels as well as in those with the hyperlipidemia. 4. Hyperlipidemia relates closely to the renal impairment, which is supposed to originate from the sclerotic changes of renal artery.     

Clinical cerebrovascular anatomy

Stroke is often the result of carotid atheroma, which may cause ischemia via progressive arterial narrowing or lead to superimposed thrombus formation and subsequent atheroembolism to the intracerebral vasculature. Revascularization through carotid endarterectomy or carotid artery stenting with embolic protection devices has produced favorable results in appropriately selected patients. In planning the percutaneous approach, an arch aortogram is first acquired to determine arch type and identify the presence of any anatomic variants which may affect the approach to the procedure and catheter selection. Subsequent imaging of the cerebral vasculature is performed to delineate the collateral circulation that is present, including an evaluation of the Circle of Willis. Although Doppler ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) may be useful in evaluating the presence of carotid or cerebrovascular disease, digital subtraction angiography is required prior to performance of a percutaneous intervention in order to create a procedural “roadmap”. Additionally, the comprehensive management of cerebrovascular disease requires a detailed knowledge of the specific clinical syndromes that result from ischemia in each vascular territory. This methodical review of cerebrovascular anatomy and stroke syndromes will provide the operator with the tools to conduct a thorough neurological assessment prior to revascularization, evaluate any periprocedural complications that may arise, and evaluate the patient with suspected stroke. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.