低聚壳聚糖对小鼠造血系统的辐射损伤防护作用研究

目的 研究低聚壳聚糖对辐射损伤小鼠造血系统的防护作用研究。方法 研究照射损伤小鼠的30d存活率及小鼠造血系统辐射损伤防护试验,指标有骨髓有核细胞数、骨髓有丝分裂指数、内源性脾结节法、脾指数测定。结果 小鼠灌服低聚壳聚糖,可以提高30 d存活率,提高平均生存天数,减轻受照小鼠骨髓有核细胞辐射损伤,促进造血干细胞的恢复。结论 低聚壳聚糖对辐照小鼠的造血系统起到一定的保护作用,从而减轻辐射对机体的损伤,达到辐射损伤防护的效果。     

咖啡酸对辐射损伤小鼠造血恢复作用的初步研究

目的 观察咖啡酸对辐射损伤小鼠造血恢复的影响。方法 建立接受4.5 Gy X射线照射的辐射损伤小鼠模型,BALB/c小鼠随机分为空白对照组,单纯照射组,CFA组,观察小鼠30天存活率、体重、外周血白细胞(WBC)、血红蛋白(HGB)、血小板(PLT)、骨髓有核细胞(BMNC)、粒细胞巨噬细胞集落形成单位(CFU-GM)、巨核细胞形成单位(CFU-MK)及脾集落形成单位(CFU-S)和脾脏指数(SI)等指标。结果 CFA组小鼠的30天存活率、体重、WBC、BMNC、CFU-GM、CFU-MK、CFU-S和SI数均明显高于单纯照射组,差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05或P < 0.01)。结论 CFA能促进辐射损伤小鼠的造血恢复。     

红雪茶混合物对小鼠辐射损伤的保护作用

目的 对云南生物资源进行抗辐射保健食品的开发性研究。方法 对云南多种生物资源配方成分进行抗辐射损伤的筛选实验,对其中有作用的红雪茶混合物再进行剂量-效果的观察实验。通过照射前后给予受试物,检测各剂量组受照小鼠的白细胞数、骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核数,观察照射后30 d的平均存活天数。结果 筛选实验表明:红雪茶混合物及螺旋藻混合物具有一定的抗辐射作用。进一步的红雪茶剂量-效应观察试验表明:红雪茶混合物的低、中、高三个剂量均组可降低5 Gy γ射线诱发小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核发生率;对小鼠白细胞具不同程度的提升作用,对8 Gy受照小鼠30 d存活率在高剂量组有明显保护作用。结论 红雪茶混合物对接受γ射线全身照射小鼠的辐射损伤有一定的保护作用。     

硼卡钠对急性辐射损伤小鼠的防护作用

目的 考察硼卡钠(sodium borocaptate,BSH)对急性辐射损伤小鼠的防护作用。方法 以BSH为受试物,用⁶⁰Co γ射线对小鼠进行一次性全身照射,照射剂量为6 Gy,剂量率为0.8 Gy/min。照射后第3天、第14天检测外周血细胞计数,并于照射后第14天检测小鼠脏器指数。结果 照后第3天,BSH高剂量组血小板计数显著增加(P <0.05);照后第14天,与模型组比较,BSH中剂量组血小板计数显著增加(P < 0.01),胸腺指数、脾脏指数均显著升高(P < 0.05)。结论 BSH能显著提高辐照后小鼠的血小板水平,对急性辐射损伤小鼠免疫系统有保护作用。     

大蒜油软胶囊抗辐射作用的研究

目的 探讨大蒜油抗辐射引起的小鼠外周血白细胞和骨髓细胞DNA减少的作用。方法 将小鼠随机分为辐射对照组、大蒜油低、中、高剂量组,观察辐射前后小鼠外周白细胞数量和骨髓细胞DNA数量的改变。结果 照射前三天,各剂量组小鼠外周血白细胞数与对照组比较,差异无显著性(P>0.05)。照射后第三天,对照组白细胞数前后自身比较,差异有显著性(P<0.05),说明辐射损伤模型成立。照射后第14天小鼠外周血白细胞计数,受试样品中、高剂量组与辐射模型对照组比较白细胞总数增多,有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论 大蒜油具有对抗辐射引起的小鼠外周血白细胞和骨髓细胞DNA减少的作用。     

桑牛强生胶囊对4.0Gy照射小鼠造血功能的影响

目的 观察桑牛强生胶囊(SN)对4.0 Gy照射小鼠造血功能的保护作用。方法 将小鼠随机分为正常对照组、环磷酰胺对照组、阿归对照组和药物大小剂量5个实验组。实验组小鼠以⁶⁰Coγ射线照射和给予环磷酰胺注射形成骨髓抑制模型,药物组给予不同剂量中药口服,正常对照组与环磷酰胺对照组给予生理盐水。实验前及实验后测体重,第7、14天检测血象,停药后的第2天,处死小鼠,观察骨髓有核细胞数。结果 SN可使由于⁶⁰Coγ射线照射和环磷酰胺所致的Hb、RBC、WBC、PC减少明显提高,骨髓有核细胞数比环磷酰胺对照组明显增加,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05、P<0.01]。结论 SN有显著刺激骨髓造血功能的作用,具有防治辐射损伤的作用。     

刺参提取液对小鼠抗辐射作用的实验研究

目的 了解刺参提取液对受照小鼠提升WBC、Hb、PL、RC的作用,从而提高小鼠的存活率。方法 小鼠经⁶⁰Co源8 Gy剂量照射后(剂量率23.02 Gy/min)每次给0.3 ml提取液连续灌胃9 d后,活杀查指标。结果 骨髓有核细胞计数、脾结节数高于实验对照组。结论 刺参提取液对造血系统有保护作用。     

薯莨和五倍子鞣质对辐射暴露小鼠的防护作用初步研究

目的 探讨薯莨鞣质和五倍子鞣质对辐射损伤的防护作用。方法 40只雄性昆明种小鼠,随机分为空白对照组、单纯照射组、茶多酚组(阳性对照组)、五倍子鞣质组和薯莨鞣质组。给予单次8.0 Gy ⁶⁰Co γ射线照射(剂量率2.0 Gy/min),照前2h及照后18h分别各灌胃给药一次,测定30d存活率、平均存活时间及保护系数等,空白对照组佯照射。结果 单纯照射组小鼠照后16d内全部死亡,平均存活时间(12.0±2.45)d。薯莨鞣质组、五倍子鞣质组和茶多酚组小鼠的平均存活时间分别为(26.25±7.13)d、(21.88±8.89)d和(23.25±9.33)d,与单纯照射组相比生存时间明显延长(P < 0.01或P < 0.05)。结论 薯莨鞣质和五倍子鞣质可提高8.0 Gy ⁶⁰Co γ射线照射小鼠30天存活率,对γ射线辐射损伤具有防护作用。     

Radaway抗辐射胶囊对小鼠辐射损伤的保护作用

目的 观察Radaway抗辐射胶囊对小鼠γ射线辐射损伤的保护作用。方法 将120只雄性昆明小鼠随机分为I(外周血白细胞计数)、Ⅱ(骨髓细胞微核检测)、Ⅲ(骨髓DNA含量测定)3大组,每大组又随机分为高、中、低剂量组和辐射对照组。各组根据不同指标选择不同的照射时间均以同一剂量γ射线全身照射1次。结果 以3Gy剂量照射后第14天各剂量组的外周血白细胞计数均显著高于辐射对照组(P < 0.01);照射后第3天,中、低剂量组的骨髓细胞微核率显著低于辐射对照组(P < 0.01),低剂量组的骨髓DNA含量显著高于辐射对照组(P < 0.01)。结论 Radaway抗辐射胶囊对小鼠γ射线辐射损伤具有显著的保护作用。     

乳铁蛋白对小鼠的辐射防护作用

目的 研究乳铁蛋白对辐射损伤小鼠的保护作用。方法 小鼠随机分成3组,空白对照组、单纯照射组、给药组。给予6.8Gy照射剂量小鼠30d观察各组存活率实验;给予2Gy照射剂量观察各组小鼠的骨髓微核率并对有核细胞进行计数。结果 单纯照射组小鼠照后死亡率较高,25d全部死亡,与给药组比较存活时间差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05),一般情况也有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。单纯照射组照后小鼠骨髓有核细胞数明显下降,而乳铁蛋白给药组(包括照前给药和照后给药)高于单纯照射组,比较差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。单纯照射组照后3d小鼠骨髓的微核细胞率明显升高,而乳铁蛋白给药组低于单纯照射组,比较差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。结论 乳铁蛋白无论是照前给药还是照后给药都具有较好的抗辐射作用。     

Protective Effect of Polysaccharides Isolated from <i>Tremella fuciformis</i> against Radiation-induced Damage in Mice

WTF-B, a type of water-soluble homogeneous polysaccharide, was isolated and purified from Tremella Fuciformis. To investigate the radioprotective effect of WTF-B, we employed a 30-day survival assay. Mice were treated with WTF-B once per day for three consecutive days before 8-Gy gamma irradiation. The treatment groups receiving 54 and 72 mg/kg body weight (b.w.) of WTF-B showed 50% survival post-irradiation. The hematological parameters of the peripheral blood indicated that WTF-B, when administered at doses of 72 mg/kg b.w., significantly restored hemoglobin, white blood cell counts and red blood cell counts by the 14th day and 18th day. In addition, spleen colony forming units (CFU-S), the number of nucleated cells in bone marrow (BMNC) and spleen index were used to investigate the radioprotective effect of WTF-B on the hematopoietic system. The treatment groups receiving WTF-B at 18, 54 and 72 mg/kg b.w. doses presented significantly higher BMNC compared to radiation-only group. The group administered 72 mg/kg b.w. WTF-B presented a significant change in CFU-S compared to the radiation-only group. We also completed micronucleus and chromosome aberration assays to explore genotoxicity. The results of those assays indicated that the number of micronuclei induced by 2-Gy irradiation in a group treated with 72 mg/kg b.w. WTF-B decreased from 30.30‰ to 11.32‰. The chromosomal aberration produced by 3-Gy irradiation in the group receiving 72 mg/kg b.w. WTF-B decreased from 56.01% to 28.13%. The results of the present study indicate a potential use for WTF-B as a radioprotector.     

Radioprotective potential of an herbal extract of Tinospora cordifolia

A preparation of Tinospora cordifolia (RTc) administered i.p. (200 mg/kg b.w.) to strain "A" male mice 1 h before whole body gamma-irradiation was evaluated for its radioprotective efficacy in terms of whole body survival, spleen colony forming units (CFU), hematological parameters, cell cycle progression, and micronuclei induction. Preirradiation treatment with RTc rendered 76.3% survival (30 days), compared to 100% mortality in irradiated control and prevented radiation induced weight loss. On 10th postirradiation day, the endogenous CFU counts in spleen were decreased with increasing radiation doses 12.0 (5 Gy), 2.16 (7.5 Gy) and 0.33 (10 Gy) but pre-irradiation administration of 200 mg/kg b.w. of RTc increased CFU counts to 31.16, 21.83 and 3.00 respectively. Pre-irradiation RTc treatment could restore total lymphocyte counts (TLC) by the 15th day to normal. It also increased the S-phase cell population that was reduced following 2 Gy irradiation in a time dependent manner. 2 Gy irradiation-induced micronuclei were also decreased by a pre-irradiation administration of RTc from 2.9 to 0.52%. Because the radioprotective manifestation of RTc observed in several systems in experimental animals can be exploited for human applications.     

Polysaccharide isolated from Parmelia tinctorum ameliorates ionizing irradiation-induced damage in mice

In this study, WPT-A, a type of water-soluble homogeneous lichen polysaccharide, was isolated and purified from Parmelia tinctorum. We investigated whether WPT-A has radioprotective effects when administered before total-body irradiation (TBI). Mice were treated with WPT-A via intraperitoneal injection (i.p.) once per day for three consecutive days prior to 7, 7.5, 8.5, 10 or 10.5-Gy TBI. Our results indicated that the survival rate was enhanced at a range of levels of TBI. The calculated dose reduction factor (DRF) was 1.2. White blood cell (WBC) counts, spleen colony forming units (CFU-S) and bone marrow nucleated cell (BMNC) counts were used to investigate the radioprotective effects of WPT-A on the hematopoietic system. The treatment groups received WPT-A at 20, 50 and 80 mg/kg b.w. doses before 6.5-Gy TBI and showed significantly higher BMNC and WBC counts compared with the radiation-only group. The groups administered 50 and 80 mg/kg b.w. WPT-A showed a significant increase in CFU-S compared with the radiation-only group. We also carried out a single cell gel electrophoresis assay to explore the radioprotective effects of WPT-A on DNA damage. The results from single-cell gel electrophoresis of peripheral blood leukocytes showed that WPT-A attenuated radiation-induced DNA damage. These results indicate a potential use for WPT-A as a radioprotector.     

富勒醇对小鼠γ射线辐射损伤的防护作用

目的研究C60衍生物富勒醇对小鼠~(60)Coγ射线辐射损伤的防护效果。方法ICR小鼠于照射前5d至照后7d连续腹腔注射富勒醇,~(60)Coγ射线全身均匀照射,照射剂量分别为5Gy和8Gy,照射剂量率1.0Gy/min,测定5Gyγ射线照射下小鼠体重变化,照后7d胸腺、脾脏指数外周血白细胞;8Gyγ射线照射下30d存活率和平均生存时间。结果富勒醇能减轻~(60)Coγ射线辐射所引起的外周血白细胞、血小板降低,胸腺和脾脏萎缩;提高小鼠生存率,延长存活时间。结论富勒醇对~(60)Coγ射线照射的小鼠具有一定的防护作用。     

Radioprotective effects of Sipunculus nudus L. polysaccharide combined with WR-2721, rhIL-11 and rhG-CSF on radiation-injured mice

This study investigated the radioprotective effect of Sipunculus nudus L. polysaccharide (SNP) in combination with WR-2721, rhIL-11 and rhG-CSF on irradiated mice. A total of 70 Imprinting Control Region (ICR) mice were divided into seven groups: the control group, the model group and five administration groups. All groups, except the control group, were exposed to a 5 Gy ⁶⁰Co γ-ray beam. Blood parameters [including white blood cell (WBC), red blood cell (RBC) and platelet counts and hemoglobin level] were assessed three days before irradiation, and the on the 3rd, 7th and 14th days after irradiation. Spleen, thymus and testicular indices, DNA contents of bone marrow cells, bone marrow nucleated cells, sperm counts, superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), testosterone and estradiol levels in the serum were assessed on the 14th day after irradiation. The combined administration of SNP, WR-2721, rhIL-11 and rhG-CSF exerted synergistic recovery effects on peripheral blood WBC, RBC and platelet counts and hemoglobin levels in irradiated mice, and synergistic promotion effects on spleen, thymus, testicle, bone marrow nucleated cells and sperm counts in irradiated mice. The synergistic administration increased the serum SOD activities and serum testosterone content of irradiated mice, but synergy decreased the content of serum MDA and estradiol in irradiated mice. These results suggest that the combined administration of SNP, WR-2721, rhIL-11 and rhG-CSF should increase the efficacy of these drugs for acute radiation sickness, protect immunity, hematopoiesis and the reproductive organs of irradiated-damaged mice, and improve oxidation resistance in the body.     

黄蘑多糖的辐射防护作用及其机理的初步探讨

本文研究了黄蘑多糖的辐射防护作用及其对受照小鼠肝脏组织中LPO含量及SOD、GSH-PX和CAT活性的影响。结果表明,黄蘑多糖可明显提高受致死剂量照射小鼠的30 d存活率(P <0.05),延长存活天数,保护指数可达1.32,并且,黄蘑多糖的这种辐射防护效果与有效的辐射防护药物人参多糖相似。进一步研究发现,小鼠经8.0Gy X射线照射后72h,黄蘑多糖能明显降低受照小鼠肝脏中LPO含量(P <0.01),且显著增强其SOD、GSH-PX和CAT活性(P <0.05)。提示,黄蘑多糖具有明显的辐射防护作用,且可与人参多糖相比。其作用机理与促进自由基清除,抑制或阻断自由基引发的脂质过氧化反应,提高机体抗氧化能力有关。     

Effect of tocopherol-monoglucoside (TMG), a water-soluble glycosylated derivate of vitamin E, on hematopoietic recovery in irradiated mice

A preparation of alpha-tocopherol monoglucoside (TMG) administered i.p. at a dose of 600 mg/kg immediately after whole body gamma irradiation was examined for its radioprotective efficacy towards bone marrow and peripheral blood nucleated cells. When mice received X-rays at a dose of 5,6 Gy, a marked decrease in bone marrow karyocytes and a reduction of peripheral leukocytes within the early post-irradiated period were observed. However these changes were attenuated in TMG-treated mice. Significant protection of blood lymphocytes was found for the TMG group of mice. The return to normal value of the reduced blood leukocyte count starting from the 8th day was more rapid in TMG-treated mice than in untreated irradiated mice. TMG administration was found to enhance hematopoietic recovery, as measured by the exceeded nucleated bone marrow cell count due to elevated amount of both lymphoid and granulocytic elements in the TMG-group, in comparison with that of both control irradiated and non-irradiated animals. These findings indicate that the radioprotective effect of TMG is apparently realized through its influence on hematopoietic system.     

山楂醇提物腹腔注射对辐射损伤小鼠保护作用的研究

目的 研究山楂醇提物腹腔注射对辐射损伤小鼠的保护作用。方法 昆明种雄性小鼠60只被分为五组:正常对照、放射对照、药物高、中、低剂量组。各药物组腹腔内注射一次药物,其余两组给予生理盐水,1h后实验组小鼠用⁶⁰Coγ射线6Gy照射。分别在照射前4h、照后6d、照后12d称量小鼠体重、检测血象三次。在照后12d,处死小鼠,测股骨骨髓DNA含量、骨髓有核细胞数。结果 ①高剂量组8只小鼠注射药物后腹腔感染出血死亡,其余实验小鼠均存活。②同放射对照组比,三种浓度的山楂醇提物可以促进受辐射损伤小鼠外周血白细胞、血小板数的恢复。结论 山楂醇提物腹腔注射可促进受辐射损伤小鼠造血功能的恢复,对骨髓DNA及有核细胞有一定的保护作用。     

Modulation of gamma radiation-inflicted damage in Swiss albino mice by an alcoholic fraction of Podophyllum hexandrum rhizome

A partially characterized extract of Podophyllum hexandrum rhizomes was studied for its radioprotective potential in mice. A major portion of the podophyllotoxin was obtained from the extract by further fractionation. Acute toxicity and maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of a single intraperitoneal dose of the extract were studied in mice to evaluate the toxicity of the extract, if any. Radioprotective efficacy was determined in terms of survival against 10 Gy whole-body irradiation (WBI), protection against 1 Gy-induced chromosomal aberration (CA), and estimation of dose reduction factor (DRF) in irradiated and extract pretreated mice. The MTD was observed to be 60 mg/kg of body weight, whereas a dose of 90 mg/kg of body weight yielded 50% death in mice within 72 hours of intraperitoneal administration of the extract. A dose range of 15-20 mg/kg of body weight administered 2 hours before 10 Gy WBI of mice yielded 66% survival, while administration of 10-15 mg/kg of body weight of the extract 1 hour before WBI yielded more than 90% survival. A DRF of 1.625 was estimated for 10 and 15 mg/kg of body weight of the extract administered 1 hour before WBI. Further studies on modulation of 1 Gy-induced CA revealed significant radioprotective efficacy of the extract in mouse bone marrow cells. Partial removal of podophyllotoxin was useful in reducing toxicity of the extract without altering its radioprotective efficacy.