首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 140 毫秒
1.
目的:通过系统监测调查,掌握清新县人群甲型H1N1流感病毒感染状况,为完善清新县甲型H1N1流感的防控提供科学依据。方法:选择清新县6个镇作为监测点,分6个年龄组,抽取人群静脉血,用酶联免疫试验检测甲型H1N1流感IgG抗体。结果:清新县甲型H1N1流感抗体阳性率为14.34%;不同性别人群抗体阳性率差异无统计学意义(P0.05);县城抗体阳性率显著高于农村地区;7~15岁年龄组抗体阳性率最高(25.00%)。结论:清新县人群甲型H1N1流感IgG抗体阳性率较低,人群普遍易感,应加强幼托机构、学校等聚集性场所甲流的防控,加强甲流疫苗接种,提高人群的免疫水平。  相似文献   

2.
目的 了解银川市不同阶段人群甲型H1N1流感抗体水平.方法 分别于不同时间段在银川市辖区选择4家医疗机构选取非发热及呼吸道症状就诊病例,同时选取自愿献血人员,进行问卷调查和血样采集,采用血凝抑制试验进行甲型H1N1流感抗体水平检测.结果 从2009年11月29日-2010年3月28日在银川市3区共5次甲型H1N1流感感染情况调查,采样阳性率分别为5.96%、11.59%、21.38%、22.04%、33.00%,阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ2=104.35,P<0.05).不同时间段男女抗体阳性率均有统计学意义(χ2男=53.38,P<0.05;χ2女=53.47,P<0.05).接种与未接种甲流疫苗人群的抗体阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.629,P<0.05).结论 人群甲型H1N1流感抗体阳性率随着时间的推移呈逐渐上升趋势,但总体上是人群的抗体阳性率还是偏低,不能建立有效的免疫屏障.  相似文献   

3.
浅谈甲型H1N1流感   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
在人类繁衍发展的历史进程中,人与病原微生物的斗争总是周而复始,循环往复,但几乎每次都会以人类战胜病原微生物而告一段落,而后又会有新的病原微生物卷土重来,给人类造成一次又一次的灾难。2009年3月,一种新的流感病毒再次袭击人类,后经研究发现造成此次疫情的病毒株包含有猪流感、  相似文献   

4.
目的通过分析广州市甲型H1N1流感暴发疫点与监测人群病毒的抗体水平,了解甲型H1N1流感的流行趋势,为预防甲型H1N1流感疫情提供科学依据。方法应用红细胞血凝抑制(HI)方法检测流感甲型H1N1抗体,对比分析1570名疫区学生与1326名监测人群血清标本H1N1流感病毒的抗体水平。结果疫区学生甲型H1N1流感病毒感染率、流感罹患率分别为32.17%、22.23%,明显高于市区监测人群的22.62%、15.38%(P=0.000,P=0.000)。疫点学生与市区监测人群甲型H1N1流感隐性感染率分别为9.94%、7.24%,差异有统计学意义(P=0.012)。在已感染甲型H1N1流感病毒的疫点学生和市区监测人群中,甲型H1N1流感隐性感染率(30.89%、32.00%)差异无统计学意义(P=0.754)。疫点人群显性感染者的抗体滴度明显高于隐性感染者(t=4.701,P=0.000),监测人群中显性感染与隐性感染者的抗体滴度无显著差异(t=0.248,P=0.804)。结论疫点学生甲型H1N1流感隐性感染率明显高于监测人群。提示隐性感染人群具有潜在的传染力,应加强隐性感染者的监测。  相似文献   

5.
目的了解新会区居民对甲型H1N1流感的免疫水平。方法采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法,三次分别在新会区的城镇和农村对不同年龄人群进行问卷调查并采集血清检测甲型H1N1流感病毒抗体。结果三轮调查共抽样480人,抗体阳性107人,阳性率为22.29%。不同年龄组中4~6和7~19岁阳性率分别为30.00%和31.77%,高于其他年龄组(χ2=26.75,P〈0.05)。疫苗接种组抗体阳性率高于未接种疫苗组。有症状和无症状者的抗体阳性分别为25.72%和18.83%,差异无统计学意义(χ2=3.47,P〉0.05),抗体阳性者中42.06%没有出现过任何流感症状。结论新会区已经有22.29%人群具有甲型H1N1流感病毒抗体,人群中已经建立一定的免疫屏障。  相似文献   

6.
目的 了解清远市中小学生、孕妇等部分重点人群甲型H1N1流感疫苗接种意愿,为甲型H1N1流感防控决策提供科学依据.方法 采用横断面调查方法,对中小学生、孕妇等甲型H1N1流感防控重点人群进行调查.结果 67.71%的学生家长认为普通市民有可能患甲流,82.47%的孕妇担心自己及家人患甲流;22.90%的被调查学生和2.06%的被调查孕妇在过去1年里接种过普通流感疫苗;付费情况下,85.45%的学生家长和65.98%的孕妇愿意接种;免费情况下,93.23%的家长和77.32%的孕妇愿意接种.结论 被调查居民对甲流关注程度较高,重点人群甲型H1N1流感疫苗接种意愿总体上较强;解决费用问题和消除居民的误解是提高甲流疫苗接种覆盖面的主要途径.  相似文献   

7.
目的 探讨重症甲型H1N1死亡病例的特点,提高重症患者的诊治水平.方法 回顾性分析2009年6月至2010年1月北京佑安医院18例甲型H1N1流感死亡患者的资料.结果 甲型H1N1流感的病死率为7.5%;死亡患者的年龄偏大,50岁以上者占50%;18例患者中14例合并基础疾病,以发热、咳嗽和呼吸困难为主要表现;17例死...  相似文献   

8.
目的了解青海省人群甲型H1N1流感(简称甲流)病毒感染状况,及时研判疫情发展趋势。方法应用血凝抑制试验法对2 133份人群血清进行甲流抗体检测。结果经检测,804份血清甲流抗体呈现阳性,阳性率为37.69%,6~17岁阳性率最高为58.48%;人群甲流自然感染率为34.25%;接种甲流疫苗人群抗体阳转率为74.85%;不同年龄组人群疫苗接种抗体阳转率有差异。结论约三分之一人群感染甲流病毒,今后甲流防控重点在幼儿和老年人。  相似文献   

9.
目的 探讨妊娠合并甲型H1N1流感患者的临床特点.方法 对2009年11月至2010年10月收治的18例妊娠合并甲型H1N1流感患者临床资料进行回顾性分析.结果 18例患者均表现为流感样症状,以发热居多,少数可出现腹泻、呕吐等消化道症状.白细胞总数以保持正常或降低为主,仅2例出现升高,伴或不伴不同程度肝肾心功能损伤,影像学主要表现为肺炎征象.治疗以抗病毒为主,根据病情行相应个性化治疗.6例继续妊娠,7例急行剖宫产(5例因病情严重、2例因顺产条件不足),3例发生自然流产,2例行人工流产,无死亡病例.结论 妊娠妇女是甲型H1N1流感的高危人群,病情进展快,病死率高,应予高度重视.  相似文献   

10.
张思恒  田利平  李亚敏 《当代医学》2010,16(28):148-149,145
目的通过本院收治甲型H1N1流感的病例分析,对所用方药进行解析,结合兄弟单位中医药治疗甲流的临床效果,寻求指导临床用药的最佳方案。方法运用不同治疗方剂进行对照,对疗效,对费用进行比较。结果对15组方剂所选中药进行对比分析,金银花、连翘选用率80%。结论中医药治疗甲型H1N1流感疗效确切,经济安全。金银花、连翘为各主要方剂的君药。  相似文献   

11.

Background

The pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus has spread worldwide and infected a large proportion of the human population. Discovery of new and effective drugs for the treatment of influenza is a crucial issue for the global medical community. According to our previous study, TSL-1, a fraction of the aqueous extract from the tender leaf of Toonasinensis, has demonstrated antiviral activities against pandemic influenza A (H1N1) through the down-regulation of adhesion molecules and chemokine to prevent viral attachment.

Methods

The aim of the present study was to identify the active compounds in TSL-1 which exert anti-influenza A (H1N1) virus effects. XTT assay was used to detect the cell viability. Meanwhile, the inhibitory effect on the pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus was analyzed by observing plaque formation, qRT-PCR, neuraminidase activity, and immunofluorescence staining of influenza A-specific glycoprotein.

Results

Both catechin and gallic acid were found to be potent inhibitors in terms of influenza virus mRNA replication and MDCK plaque formation. Additionally, both compounds inhibited neuraminidase activities and viral glycoprotein. The 50% effective inhibition concentration (EC50) of catechin and gallic acid for the influenza A (H1N1) virus were 18.4 μg/mL and 2.6 μg/mL, respectively; whereas the 50% cytotoxic concentrations (CC50) of catechin and gallic acid were >100 μg/mL and 22.1 μg/mL, respectively. Thus, the selectivity indexes (SI) of catechin and gallic acid were >5.6 and 22.1, respectively.

Conclusion

The present study demonstrates that catechin might be a safe reagent for long-term use to prevent influenza A (H1N1) virus infection; whereas gallic acid might be a sensitive reagent to inhibit influenza virus infection. We conclude that these two phyto-chemicals in TSL-1 are responsible for exerting anti-pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus effects.  相似文献   

12.
金刚烷胺修饰物抗禽流感病毒的作用机制   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的:初步探讨金刚烷胺修饰物(NAM)抗禽流感病毒的作用机制,为抗禽流感病毒新药NAM的开发提供实验依据。方法:对狗肾细胞(MDCK)进行体外培养,分为正常对照组,病毒对照组和受试物组。①采用细胞病变法结合MTT法检测NAM对禽流感病毒(H5N1)的抑制作用,受试物组分为先加入NAM后感染病毒、先感染病毒后加入NAM和感染病毒的同时加入NAM,观察3种方式NAM对禽流感病毒的半数抑制浓度(IC50)和治疗指数(TI);②采用神经氨酸酶抑制实验检测NAM对神经氨酸酶的活性影响。结果:① 3种不同的实验方式NAM剂量对数与细胞保护率均呈正相关关系(r 分别为0.95、0.95和0.99,P均<0.05),且NAM与保护率存在量效依赖关系。先加入NAM后感染病毒,NAM的IC50为15.32 mg·L-1,TI为103.31;先感染病毒后加入NAM,NAM的IC50为30.78 mg·L-1,TI为28.10;感染病毒的同时加入NAM,NAM的IC50为203.92 mg·L-1,TI为4.24。②NAM具有一定的流感病毒神经氨酸酶抑制活性,其IC50为87.36 mg·L-1。结论:NAM对穿入细胞后的禽流感病毒有较好的抑制作用,同时干扰病毒吸附和侵入细胞的脱壳过程也有一定的作用,能够在一定程度上抑制病毒的神经氨酸酶活性。  相似文献   

13.
栀子苷对甲型H1N1流感病毒的抑制作用   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
为探讨栀子苷对甲型H1N1病毒的抑制效应,进行了相关体内外实验研究。体外实验中采用MTT法判定栀子苷对MDCK细胞的毒性作用。以帕拉米韦为阳性对照药,根据MTT比色值,观察栀子苷对甲型H1N1流感病毒感染的MDCK细胞的细胞病变效应(cytopathic effects,CPE),计算不同给药方式(预防给药、直接灭活及治疗给药)及不同药物剂量干预下,栀子苷对甲型H1N1流感病毒的抑制效率;体内实验以甲型H1N1流感病毒感染ICR小鼠,建立甲型H1N1流感病毒小鼠肺炎模型,比较栀子苷不同剂量干预下,小鼠肺指数、肺组织病理学检查及小鼠存活率。实验结果显示,栀子苷的细胞毒性小,其TD50大于1 040 μmol/L;栀子苷在预防、直接灭活及治疗给药方式下,对甲型H1N1流感病毒感染的MDCK细胞抗病毒EC50分别为91.90、96.25和87.68 μmol/L,对CPE有明显抑制作用;栀子苷可显著降低甲型H1N1流感病毒感染小鼠的肺指数、减轻肺组织炎症损伤、降低小鼠死亡率、延长生存时间。实验结果表明,栀子苷在体外能有效抑制甲型H1N1流感病毒对MDCK细胞的CPE,在体内能有效保护甲型H1N1流感病毒对小鼠肺部的攻击作用,可能为流感病毒的防治提供一个新的选择。  相似文献   

14.
Since the first human infection with influenza A (H7N9) viruses have been identified in Shanghai on March 31, 2013, the latest variant of the avian flu virus has spread across four Chinese provinces recently. Human infections with avian influenza are rare and this is the first time that human infection with a low pathogenic avian influenza A virus has been associated with fatal outcome. To date (May 5th, 2013), China had reported 128 confirmed H7N9 infections in human, among 27 died. Most reported cases have severe respiratory illness resulting in severe pneumonia and in some cases have died. No evidence of sustained human-to -humans at this time, however, there is one family cluster with two confirmed cases for which human-to-human transmission cannot be ruled out. Recent evidence showed that the gene sequences of this novel H7N9 virus is primarily zoonotic and may be better adapted than other avian influenza viruses to infect human. Effective global infection control is urgently needed, and further surveillance and analyses should be undertaken to identify the source and mode of transmission of these viruses.  相似文献   

15.
目的比较2010年广州市分离到的甲型H1N1流感病毒血凝素(HA)基因和2009年中国大陆甲型H1N1流感病毒HA基因的变异情况,为甲型H1N1流感的监测和防控提供理论依据。方法收集2010年广州市有发热和呼吸道症状病人的咽拭子标本,用H1N1流感特异性引物进行PCR检测,扩增分离到的H1N1病毒HA片段,测序后与2009年的H1N1毒株进行比对和分析,并用生物信息学方法对抗原位点和糖基化位点进行分析。结果共收集到426份标本,甲型流感阳性211份,其中H1N1流感4株,与2009年分离的甲型H1N1流感相比,有12个氨基酸碱基位点发生了有意义突变,其中6个位点位于抗原位点上;4株毒株HA基因145位氨基酸都发生了变异;其中2株毒株在第180位氨基酸位点的抗原位点发生了变异。进化分析表明4株毒株与2009年中国大陆分离的8株毒株进化关系较远。结论 2010年广州市甲型H1N1毒株与2009年相比发生了较大变异。HA基因145位和180位氨基酸位点变异对H1N1毒株抗原变异有重要意义。本文分离的A/Guangdong/ZS03/2010(H1N1)和A/Guangdong/ZS01/2010(H1N1)毒株可能已经发生了抗原性漂移。  相似文献   

16.
目的 建立能同时筛查A型、B型和新型甲型H1N1流感病毒的多重RT-PCR技术.方法 针对A型流感病毒的M基因、B型流感病毒的NS基因设计通用扩增引物,针对新型甲型H1N1流感病毒的HA基因设计特异性扩增引物,采用一步法建立多重RT-PCR反应体系.通过盲法实验与实时荧光RT-PCR进行比对来评价方法的准确性,并应用于临床评价方法的实用性和有效性.结果 琼脂糖凝胶电泳分析多重RT-PCR产物,结果显示目的扩增片段条带清晰明亮,没有非特异性产物出现,可见该方法扩增效率高,特异性强.50份样本的盲法实验结果显示两种方法检测结果完全一致,符合率为100%.结论 建立的多重RT-PCR方法能通过一次实验快速、准确地同时筛检A型、B型和新型甲型H1N1流感病毒,是一项成本低廉、对流感的疫情监测和早期诊断具有实用价值的筛检技术.
Abstract:
Objective To developed a multiplex RT-PCR assay for simultaneous screening of type A, B and novel A (H1N1)influenza viruses. Methods Two pairs of universal primers in were designed for amplifying the M gene and NS gene of type A and B influenza viruses, respectively. A pair of specific primers of HA gene was designed to detect novel A (H1N1) influenza virus. A one-step method was used to establish the multiplex RT-PCR system. A blinded experiment was carried out to validate the accuracy of this assay in comparison with the results of real-time fluorescence RT-PCR. The clinical practicability and efficacy of this assay was also evaluated. Results The RT-PCR products were analyzed using agarose gel electrophoresis,which yielded distinct bands of the target fragments without non-specific reactions, suggesting the high efficiency and specificity of the multiplex RT-PCR. Blinded study of 50 samples demonstrated a concordance rate of 100%. Conclusion This multiplex RT-PCR assay allows one-step simultaneous detection of type A, B and novel A (H1N1) influenza viruses rapidly and accurately, and provides a valuable low-cost screening technique for influenza epidemic monitoring and early diagnosis.  相似文献   

17.
不同职业暴露人群感染H5N1禽流感病毒风险性分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
袁洁  贺锋  苏良  叶文 《中国热带医学》2011,11(5):573-574
目的了解长沙地区不同类型禽类职业暴露人群高致病性禽流感H5N1亚型病毒的抗体分布状况,分析不同职业暴露人群H5N1感染的风险性。方法采集菜市场家禽屠宰零售人员、大型家禽饲养企业工人和农村个体家禽散养人员的血清标本,用单放射免疫扩散溶血技术(SRH)检测H5N1抗体。结果市场零售人员、农村个体家禽散养人员、企业饲养人员H5N1感染率分别为25%、1%和1.92%,男性从业人员H5N1抗体阳性率为10%,女性为23.88%。结论市场零售人员感染H5N1风险性远高于农村散养人员和企业饲养人员,不同职业人员中女性H5N1抗体阳性率高于男性从业人员。  相似文献   

18.
目的 了解深圳市福田区甲型H1N1流感病例的流行病学特征,为甲型H1N1流感预防控制提供科学依据.方法 应用描述性流行病学方法分析402例甲型H1N1流感病例的流行病学特征,包括病例的年龄、性别、职业分布、地区分布等.结果 402例甲型H1N1流感病例男性占58.71%,女性占41.29%; 90.55%的病例集中在0~30岁年龄段,11~20岁年龄段病例最多,占总病例数的41.79%;从职业构成看,所有病例中,绝大多数为学生,占总病例数的64.18%.结论 学生是甲型H1N1流感的危险人群,应当注重学校等场所的甲型H1N1流感防控工作.  相似文献   

19.
Background From late May 2009, sporadic imported cases of novel influenza A (HIN1) were continuously confirmed in Shanghai, but there were few reports on its clinical presentation in China. The aim of the study was to investigate the demographic and clinical features of the laboratory-confirmed cases and the treatment with oseltamivir. Method We performed a retrospective study in the Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center (SHAPHC), reviewing the medical records of the laboratory-confirmed patients derived from June 10 to July 20, 2009. Results A total of 156 cases were enrolled, of whom 152 had a history of recent travel. The mean age was 22.6 years and 89 cases (57.1%) were males. The most common symptoms were fever, cough, and sore throat, with children more likely to run a temperature above 38.5℃ than adults. The mean leucocyte count was 5.4×10^9/L, the mean neutrophil count 3.2×10^9/L and the mean lymphocyte count 1.4×10^9/L. Other findings included a normal range or elevated level of C-reactive protein (CRP) and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase and a normal or decreased level of prealbumin; the levels of prealbumin and CRP were significantly lower in the children than in the adults. Fifty-two patients had abnormal chest CT results, with small unilateral or bilateral pulmonary infiltrates, axillary and mediastinal lymphadenopathy and local pleural thickening, while no cases showed symptoms of hypoxia. All the patients received oseltamivir and recovered without complications, but the duration of fever and virus shedding were significantly longer in the children than in the adults. Conclusions Travel-related circulation may be an important reason for the H1N1 epidemic in the non-epidemic areas, and the virus caused mild respiratory symptoms. The infection in children was more severe in terms of prealbumin levels, temperature, the duration of fever and virus shedding. Oseltamivir was effective for H1N1, but more effective in the adults than in the children.  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号