均匀纺锤形α—FeOOH微晶制备过程

在过程分析的基础上，以Ｎａ２ＣＯ３作为沉淀剂，在ＦｅＳＯ４溶液中形成Ｆｅ（ＯＨ）２－ＦｅＣＯ３沉淀，通入空气氧化制备了均匀纺锤形α－ＦｅＯＯＨ微晶。研究了碱比、通气量、温度、浓度、搅拌转速以及加料方式等对制备过程以及纺缍形铁黄形态的影响规律，并制备出粒度为０．２μｍ，轴比为３～４，均匀、无枝杈的纺锤形α－ＦｅＯＯＨ粒子。实验验证了该过程为传质控制。     

香烟烟雾提取物对兔气道平滑肌细胞毒性损伤及对一氧化氮生成的影响

目的探讨吸烟对气道平滑肌细胞（ＡＳＭＣ）的影响。方法分别以０、５％、１０％和３０％的香烟烟雾提取物（ＣＳＥ）孵育兔ＡＳＭＣ，测定其细胞存活率、丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）含量、乳酸脱氢酶（ＬＤＨ）漏出及一氧化氮（ＮＯ）稳定代谢终产物亚硝酸盐（ＮＯ－２）水平。用ｏｎｅｗａｙＡＮＯＶＡ检验及直线回归作统计学分析。结果在４８ｈＣＳＥ显著增加了ＡＳＭＣ的ＮＯ－２释放（１０％、３０％ＣＳＥ分别较对照组增加７５．７％和１１５．３％，Ｐ＜０．０１）；降低了细胞存活率，增加了细胞ＭＤＡ含量和ＬＤＨ漏出（Ｐ均＜０．０１），毒性损伤指标与ＮＯ－２的释放高度相关（ｒ分别为－０．７２１、０．７０６和０．７７３，Ｐ均＜０．０１）。结论吸烟可能对ＡＳＭＣ具有直接损伤作用，ＣＳＥ可能通过ＮＯ介导气道炎症损伤过程。     

CaO—BaO—SiO2—TiO2系统溶胶涂液的制备和凝胶化过程

采用溶胶－凝胶工艺制备０．１ＣａＯ－０．１ＢａＯ－ＸＳｉＯ２－（０．８－Ｘ）ＴｉＯ２和ＹＣａＯ－（０．３－Ｙ）ＢａＯ－０．３ＳｉＯ２－０．４ＴｉＯ２（Ｘ＝０～０．５，Ｙ＝０～０．３摩尔分数）两组四元系统浸涂液。根据粘度变化和凝胶时间研究了组成、水和醋酸加入量对溶胶涂液稳定性的影响，得出了配制稳定期长的浸涂液的配比。利用红外光谱和Ｘ－射线衍射（ＸＲＤ）探讨溶胶形成过程和凝胶向玻璃态转变过程中的结构变化。结果表明：溶液中ＣＨ３ＣＯＯ－取代醇盐中的ＯＲ基团分别与Ｓｉ４＋和Ｔｉ４＋配位，形成反应活性不同于原醇盐的新的前驱体醇盐；经５００°Ｃ热处理后凝胶的红外光谱中出现由Ｔｉ—Ｏ—Ｓｉ伸缩振动所引起的吸收带。ＸＲＤ谱证实６０°Ｃ干凝胶中有醋酸盐晶体，５００°Ｃ热处理后，这种晶体消失，凝胶中生成Ｂａ２ＴｉＯ４晶相。     

代谢性酸中毒犬脑脊液［HCO－_3］与Pco_2的关系

作者旨在探讨代谢性酸中毒时脑脊液（ＣＳＦ）［ＨＣＯ－３］与ＰＣＯ２的相互关系。两组代谢性酸中毒模型均由静脉内输入０．２ｍｏｌ／ＬＨＣＩ产生，［ＨＣＯ－３］ａ１ｈ内下降到（１２２）ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ。实验６ｈ时ＣＳＦ［ＨＣＯ－３］：１组（正常碳酸血性代酸）下降了１．６ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ；组（低碳酸血性代酸）下降了７．０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ．ＣＳＦ［ＨＣＯ－３］与ＣＳＦＰｃｏ２，显著正相关（ｒ＝０．８３４，Ｐ＜０．０ｌ）．结果说明代谢性酸中毒时ＣＳＦ［ＨＣＯ－３］并不受［ＨＣＯ－３］ａ的明显影响，主要取决于ＣＳＦＰｃｏ２的变化，其调节机制与脉络丛上皮细胞内ＣＯ２的水化作用和ＣＡ活性有关。     

体外循环围术期呼气未CO2监测

观察２０例风心和先心患者在体外循环围术期各时期的ＰａＣＯ２和相应的ＰＥＴＣＯ２。结果表明：１．各时期的ＰａＣＯ２与ＰＥＴＣＯ２均显著相关（Ｐ＜０．０５），ｒ值为０．６８６～０．９９５；２．体外转停后风心组Ｐａ－ＥＴＣＯ２显著高于其他时期（Ｐ＜０．０５）。提示ＥＴＣＯ２监测可减少检测动脉血气的频率，但不能完全替代ＰａＣＯ２；长时间的体外转流加大Ｐａ－ＥＴＣＯ２差值。     

慢性肺心病患者血浆内皮素—1与PaO2,PaCO2的关系

目的：探讨肺心病患者血浆内皮素－１（ＥＴ－１）水平及其与ＰａＯ２、ＰａＣＯ２的关系。方法：用放射免疫分析法同批检测了３３例慢性肺心病急性加重期、１４例慢性肺心病缓解期患者血浆ＥＴ－１水平，并与ＰａＯ２、ＰａＣＯ２进行了相关分析。结果：肺心病患者血浆ＥＴ－１水平明显升高，急性加重期和缓解期均显著高于健康对照组（Ｐ均＜０．０１）。直线相关分析表明，急性加重期和缓解期患者血浆ＥＴ－１水平均与ＰａＯ２呈显著负相关（ｒ分别为－０．８３５和－０．６０３，Ｐ分别＜０．０１和０．０５），与ＰａＣＯ２无明显相关性。结论：慢性肺心病患者ＥＴ－１合成或分泌功能紊乱，缺氧可能是引起血浆ＥＴ－１水平升高的主要因素之一。     

锑氧离子对钴离子阴极还原的活化作用

采用旋转电极上的动电位扫描法及恒电位电解技术研究Ｎａ２ＳＯ４溶液中（ｐＨ＝４．０）锑氧离子（ＳｂＯ＋）对钴离子（Ｃｏ２＋）阴极还原行为的影响。实验结果证实了Ｃｏ２＋在－１．０Ｖ－－１．３Ｖ之间即能在阴极发生沉积作用，这表明在弱酸性介质中ＳｂＯ＋对Ｃｏ２＋的阴极还原过程具有某种促进作用。     

人红细胞量子化过程中氧自由基损伤的实验观察

本文观察了红细胞在量子化过程中的氧饱和度（ＳＯ２）、脆性（ＲＦＴ）、膜流动性（ＬＦＵ）、丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）、超氧化物岐化酶（ＳＯＤ）、过氧化氢酶（Ｃａｔ）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（ＧＳＨ－ＰＸ）和血浆ＳＯＤ、脂质过氧化物（ＬＰＯ）。结果显示，ＳＯ２随时间延长而增加（Ｐ＜０．００１），脆性则下降（Ｐ＜０．０１），膜流动性亦降低（Ｐ＜０．０５）；ＭＤＡ浓度和ＳＯＤ、Ｃａｔ、ＧＳＨ－Ｐｘ活性差异无显著性。血浆     

慢性阻塞性肺病呼吸衰竭者潮气末二氧化碳分压的监测

对２０例正常人、２０例慢性阻塞性肺病（慢阻肺）及２５例慢性阻塞性肺病呼吸衰竭（慢阻肺呼衰）患者进行潮气末二氧化碳分压（ＰｅｔＣＯ２）和动脉血二氧化碳分压（ＰａＣＯ２）对比研究，并与死腔气量／潮气容积（ＶＤ／ＶＴ）和气道阻力（Ｒａｗ）进行相关分析。结果表明，正常组及慢阻肺组ＰａＣＯ２和ＰｅｔＣＯ２间无明显差异（Ｐ＞０．０５），ＰｅｔＣＯ２可反映ＰａＣＯ２变化。慢阻肺呼衰者ＰａＣＯ２和ＰｅｔＣＯ２间有明显差异，其中ＰｅｔＣＯ２较ＰａＣＯ２低，平均相差达２．１３ｋＰａ±１．２６ｋＰａ（Ｐ＜０．０１）。故在慢阻肺呼衰时ＰｅｔＣＯ２不能反映ＰａＣＯ２变化，此时如以ＰｅｔＣＯ２来估计ＰａＣＯ２是不可靠的。慢阻肺呼衰时ＰａＣＯ２－ＰｅｔＣＯ２之差异与ＶＤ／ＶＴ（ｒ＝０．８１，Ｐ＜０．０１）和Ｒａｗ相关（ｒ＝０．４２，Ｐ＜０．０５）。     

应用血浆代用品行血液稀释的实验研究

应用改良明胶液（ＭＦＧ）和羟乙基淀粉（ＨＥＳ）两种血浆代用品，对犬进行血液稀释，比较两者对犬的血流动力不学及氧输送的影响。结果显示：当放血量１０～２０ｍｌ／ｋｇ时，ＭＦＧ的ＣＯ、ＣＩ、ＤＯ２，ＶＯ２上升（Ｐ〈０．０５），ＨＥＳ的ＣＯ，ＣＩ增加，但ＤＯ２，ＶＯ２下降（Ｐ〈０．０１）。当放血量为２０～３０ｍｌ／ｋｇ时，ＭＦＧ的ＣＯ、ＣＩ仍增加（Ｐ〈０．０５），而ＨＥＳ的ＣＯ，ＣＩ已明显下降（Ｐ〈０．０     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.