血肿下极钻孔引流治疗慢性硬膜下血肿

目的:探讨一种创伤最小而效果最佳的治疗慢性硬膜下血肿的手术方式.方法:采用血肿下极(枕顶后外侧)钻单孔引流法,治疗慢性硬膜下血肿106例.结果:术后88例血肿消失,18例大部分消失;后者中15例经6～12个月的随访完全消失,3例仍有少量低密度影,但所有患者术前临床症状均消失.术后并发颅内积气2例,复发1例.结论:血肿下极(枕顶后外侧)钻单孔引流且不冲洗的手术方法,操作更简便,创伤更小,并发症更少见,值得推广.     

慢性硬膜下血肿术后颅内积气与手术方式相关性分析

目的 探讨慢性硬膜下血肿的钻孔引流术后颅内积气的相关因素及防治.方法 回顾性分析经钻孔引流术治疗的43例慢性硬膜下血肿的手术方法与术后颅内积气的关系.结果 血肿最厚处钻单孔引流术19例,颅内积气16(84.2%);额部钻单孔引流术9例,颅内积气5(55.6%);双钻孔引流术15例,颅内积气9(60.0%).结论 额部钻孔在减少术后颅内积气发生率有明显的优势.     

胆道镜辅助下血肿腔冲洗、灌注促凝药物治疗慢性硬膜下血肿

目的　介绍一种提高慢性硬膜下血肿治愈率、减少术后并发症及复发率的新方法。方法　血肿区常规直切口、钻骨孔、纤维胆道镜进入血肿腔反复冲洗,冲洗结束后腔内局部灌注混有凝血酶原复合物200U的生理盐水,不置引流。结果　全部45例慢性硬膜下血肿的患者采用此方法均一次治愈,无并发症及死亡。结论　此方法对提高慢性硬膜下血肿的治愈率,减少并发症和复发率疗效显著,值得推广。     

探讨不同单孔颅骨钻孔引流微创手术治疗慢性硬膜下血肿的临床疗效

目的：探讨不同单孔颅骨钻孔引流微创手术治疗慢性硬膜下血肿的临床疗效。方法选取我院2010年1月~2014年10月收治的采用单孔颅骨钻孔引流微创手术治疗慢性硬膜下血肿的168例患者进行回归分析,并按时间先后顺序分为实验组和对照组,实验组86例,对照组82例。对照组患者实行血肿中央钻孔外引流方式治疗,实验组患者实行血肿高位钻孔、外引流及血肿外1/3置管冲洗方式治疗,对两组术后血肿清除情况及术后并发症发生率进行比较分析。结果实验组患者的血肿清除率明显高于对照组,具有统计学意义(<0.05)。结论使用血肿高位钻孔、外引流及血肿外1/3置管冲洗方式治疗慢性硬膜下血肿的效果更好,具有巨大的临床推广价值。     

慢性硬膜下血肿52例钻孔引流术后并发症临床分析

目的：探讨慢性硬膜下血肿钻孔引流术后常见并发症的原因及相应防治措施。方法对我院2010年1月~2014年1月52例慢性硬膜下血肿钻孔引流术后患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果术后出现并发症11例,并发症的发生率为21.15%。其中颅内积气3例,硬膜下积液3例,脑积液漏2例,保守治疗后吸收;血肿复发1例,再次手术治疗痊愈;精神障碍1例,癫痫1例,经对症治疗无复发;无死亡病例。结论钻孔引流术治疗慢性硬膜下血肿临床效果显著,但需重视术中、术后并发症,提高治愈率,降低致残率和病死率。     

钻孔扩大骨孔冲洗引流术治疗117例慢性硬膜下血肿

目的探讨慢性硬膜下血肿的手术治疗。方法对117例慢性硬膜下血肿患者,采用钻孔扩大骨孔硬膜下血肿冲洗引流术治疗,对术后并发症的发生原因及防止,以及手术疗效进行总结。结果117例均治愈。其中术后继发血肿4例,2例硬膜外血肿经保守治疗后血肿吸收,2例硬膜下血肿经骨瓣开颅血肿清除术后治愈;1例泥砂样慢性硬膜下血肿,引流术后血肿残存,经骨瓣开颅血肿清除术后治愈。术后气颅3例,经调整高位引流管位置引流及取患侧卧位后,积气吸收。结论应用钻孔扩大骨孔冲洗引流术治疗慢性硬膜下血肿,术野暴露充分、对硬脑膜进行悬吊、术中冲洗干净、直视下打开血肿壁及术后通畅引流,能减少术后并发症的发生及发展,获得较好的手术疗效。     

颞肌贴附术联合钻孔引流治疗对颅内慢性硬膜下血肿患者的临床价值研究

目的:研究颞肌贴附术联合钻孔引流治疗对颅内慢性硬膜下血肿患者的临床价值.方法:选取2018年7月至2020年1月我院收治的62例颅内慢性硬膜下血肿患者,随机分为对照组和研究组各(n=31);对照组患者采用钻孔引流术治疗,研究组采用颞肌贴附术联合钻孔引流治疗.于术后6 m对比临床疗效、并发症、血肿量,并采用美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(National institutes of health stroke scale,NIHSS)进行评分.结果:研究组总有效率明显高于对照组(P<0.05);并发症发生率明显低于对照组(P<0.05);治疗后研究组患者血肿量、NIHSS评分下降程度均明显高于对照组患者(P<0.05).结论:颞肌贴附术联合钻孔引流治疗颅内慢性硬膜下血肿患者,不仅提高了临床治疗效果,且安全性较高,值得临床推广应用.     

钻孔冲洗配合软通道引流治疗慢性硬膜下血肿

目的：分析钻孔术中冲洗配合术后引流治疗慢性硬膜下血肿的疗效及临床应用价值.方法：采用钻孔术中冲洗配合术后软通道控制引流治疗的慢性硬膜下血肿40例,对治疗前后症状进行回顾性对比分析.结果：40例患者经治疗后临床症状消失,3例出现少量硬膜下积液,无颅内感染.CT提示无复发血肿.结论：钻孔冲洗配合术后软通道引流治疗慢性硬膜下血肿效果明显.     

额顶部与顶部钻孔治疗慢性硬膜下血肿的疗效分析

目的比较分析额顶部与顶部钻孔引流治疗慢性硬膜下血肿的手术疗效,为临床治疗钻孔部位的选择提供依据。方法选取我院2013年1月至2016年1月收治的82例慢性硬膜下血肿患者,按患者入院日单双号随机分为观察组和对照组,观察组42例采取冠状位血肿最厚层面靠前1/4血肿长径处约额顶部为钻孔点,对照组40例采取冠状位血肿最厚层面约靠近顶结节处为钻孔点。比较2组患者术后残余血肿量、颅内积气量、复发率、神经功能和精神状态。结果观察组术后残余血肿量、颅内积气量、复发率、CSS明显低于对照组,2组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05),观察组MMSE评分明显高于对照组,2组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论额顶部钻孔较顶部钻孔治疗慢性硬膜下血肿,更有利于清除血肿,促进神经功能恢复。     

微创治疗老年人慢性硬膜下血肿88例

目的比较两种微创技术治疗60岁以上老年慢性硬膜下血肿126例的经验,并探讨其最佳的治疗方法。方法回顾性分析经皮微孔穿刺术治疗慢性硬膜下血肿92例,经皮微孔导管引流术治疗慢性硬膜下血肿34例。结果经皮微孔穿刺术组,在一个疗程中,穿刺3次共治愈86例（93.5%）。术后血肿腔内有急性出血2例（2%）,血肿复发4例（4.5%）,1例死于弥散性血管内凝血。经皮微孔导管引流术组,一次置管引流治愈31例（91%）,好转3例（9%）。血肿复发1例（3%）,1例合并肺炎死亡。无其它手术并发症。结论经皮微孔血肿穿刺术和经皮微孔导管血肿引流术治疗慢性硬膜下血肿的微创手术,因其创伤小,操作简单,疗效好,是老年患者首选的治疗方法。     

Level of functioning of siblings and parents of probands of varying degrees of retardation

A further analysis of already published data supports the position that retardates of low ability level less frequently have retarded siblings, retarded parents, and parents low in occupational level than do retardates higher in ability level. The analysis supports the position that there are two types of retarded individuals, persons retarded as a result of gene or chromosomal anomalies, brain injury, etc., who more frequently occur in the lower-level retardate group, and persons whose retardation represents polygenic segregation, who more frequently occur in the higher-level group.     

局部注射辛伐他汀对骨质疏松大鼠股骨髁骨小梁的改建效应

背景：局部注射具有成骨作用的辛伐他汀,可显著增加骨质疏松大鼠股骨颈及股骨髁部的骨密度及力学强度,分析局部注射辛伐他汀对股骨髁骨小梁的影响。 目的：进一步研究骨质疏松大鼠股骨内局部注射辛伐他汀对股骨髁骨小梁的影响。为将辛伐他汀应用于临床骨质疏松局部治疗提供实验基础。 方法：18只雌性SD大鼠双侧卵巢切除后3个月,制备大鼠骨质疏松模型。实验大鼠随机数字表法均分为3组,分别在实验大鼠的右侧股骨髓腔内单次注射辛伐他汀溶液5 mg、10 mg,对照组单纯注射空白载体。分别在注射后1个月处死大鼠并取材。Micro-CT扫描并定量分析骨组织形态变化。 结果与结论：给药后1个月,Micro-CT扫描结果显示,辛伐他汀治疗组的骨微结构参数如骨皮质厚度、骨小梁密度及连接率明显优于对照组。说明疏松骨骼单次注射小剂量辛伐他汀可显著促进股骨髁部骨小梁改建,改善骨骼微结构,可为强化局部、防治骨质疏松骨折的新选择进一步提供实验基础。     

石斛属民族药用植物的分类及生药学研究

中药石斛早在《神农本草经》中就被列为上品,其应用历史悠久,具有养阴生津、补肾益气、润喉护嗓、活血明目、抗癌防老等功效。本文对国内外石斛属民族药用植物的分类及生药学研究进行了综述。     

膝关节骨性关节炎的关节镜治疗体会

目的我科自2001～2005年4月对59例67膝的骨性关节炎（0A），进行关节镜检查及镜下清理术。方法镜检：膝关节骨性关节炎伴不同程度滑膜炎，滑膜皱壁粘连纤维片，关节软骨不同程度破坏。镜下清除增生滑膜，松解粘连，去除剥脱软骨、修复关节面。结果随访2月～4年，平均1.5年，术后综合评估2月～1年，优良率94％；1～2年，优良率79.2％；2年以上优良率54.8％。结论关节镜对膝关节骨性关节炎诊断能提供了比较全面的资料，并对骨性关节炎早期有良好疗效，具有创伤小、恢复快、并发症少和重复治疗等优点。     

Anatomical study of distribution of valves of the cutaneous veins of adult''s limbs

Since the cutaneous veins of the four limbs have been used as autogenous grafts in the treatment of cardiovascular disorders, knowledge of distribution of the valves is increasingly required depending upon the use. In the gross anatomical study of distribution of valves of the trunci venae, there has been argument about locational relationships between the venous roots and the valves in the vicinity of the roots and the inter-valvular distance. However, there have been only few reports discussing detailed information about valves of the cutaneous veins of the four limbs. The authors observed patterns of distribution of the cutaneous venous valves of the four limbs of cadavers prepared for practice in anatomy. The following parts were excised from each cadaver: the cephalic, basilic, and the great saphenous veins, which originate from the acral venous network and flow into the proximal deep veins, and the venous roots communicating with these veins. An incision was made on each excised vein in the direction of the long axis under observation with a stereoscopic microscope, and the inter-valvular distance and the distance between the valve and the orifice of venous root in the vicinity of the valve were measured. The inter-valvular distance varied with type of the truncus venae, and it varied according to area even in the same truncus venae.     

Pathways of the realization of immunomodulating effects of neurotransmitters

Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 115, N ^o 4, pp. 401–404, April, 1993     

Characterization of sterols of three digenetic trematodes of buffalo

Sterols of three digenetic trematodes were isolated and characterized by infrared and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopies, and gas-liquid chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Sterols identified were cholesterol, cholestanol, 24-methylcholesterol, 24-methylcholestanol, 24-ethyl-22-dehydrocholesterol, 24-ethyl-22-dehydrocholestanol, 24-ethylcholesterol and 24-ethylcholestanol.     

Mechanisms of generation of slow components of bioelectric activity in diagnostics of functional state of the gastrointestinal tract

New electrophysiologic devices were used for the diagnostics of the state of excitable structures in the gastrointestinal tract and correction of their motor functions. Bioelectrical and biomechanical activities form the basis of functioning of internal organs. The mechanisms of generation of slow bioelectrical activity that are important for clinical and physiological studies are described. One of these mechanisms is a capacitance parametric transducer converting the energy of contractions into specific electric signals reflecting muscle functions. Another mechanism results from slow oscillations of resting potentials of interrelated excitable cells in large neuromuscular structures of internal organs. The elaborated procedure is efficient for preventing early postoperative paresis of the gastrointestinal tract. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 128, No. 10, pp. 448–452, October, 1999     

胃小弯侧血管弓的MDCT解剖

目的：研究正常胃小弯侧血管弓及其属支血管的多排螺旋CT表现。方法：回顾性分析51例正常成人的上腹部CT资料,观察胃小弯侧血管弓及其属支血管的显示情况、血管弓形态及其与胃壁的关系。结果：51例均显示胃小弯侧血管弓,血管弓贲门部属支、胃体部属支和幽门部属支分别显示46例、15例和10例;血管弓与胃壁紧邻41例。结论：MDCT检查可良好显示正常胃小弯侧血管弓及其属支血管。     

Assessment of the efficacy of treatment of hemangiomas

Assessment of the aftereffects of cryoexposure and ultrahigh-frequency cryoexposure on hemangioma tissue of various types, cavernous and squamous, showed a higher cryogenic effect in hemangiomatous tissue preexposed to ultrahigh-frequency waves. A quantitative criterion is proposed for assessing the efficacy of the studied methods of exposure. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 119, N ^o 6, pp. 669–672, June, 1995