尿激酶静脉溶栓治疗急性心肌梗死的临床疗效

目的 探讨尿激酶静脉溶栓治疗急性心肌梗死的临床疗效.方法 选择我院急性心肌梗死患者120例,分为观察组和对照组各60例.对照组给予常规治疗,观察组给予尿激酶溶栓治疗.对两组患者梗死血管的再通情况进行观察.结果 两组患者梗死血管再通率比较:观察组患者再通38例,再通率为63.3%;对照组患者再通10例,再通率为16.7%.两组患者再通率经χ2检验,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 尿激酶静脉溶栓治疗急性心肌梗死,能提高患者的存活率,值得临床推广.     

尿激酶溶栓治疗急性脑梗死60例疗效观察

目的探讨应用大剂量尿激酶静滴治疗急性脑梗死的疗效。方法60例患者为治疗组，另30例为对照组。两组同时给予降颅压、脑保护荆以及其他常规治疗。包括：管理血压、血糖、降血脂及抗感染用药等治疗。治疗组在此基础上应用尿激酶100万U加入0．9％氧化钠溶液100ml静滴，30min内滴完。结果本组资料显示静脉溶栓治疗有效率达93．3％，治愈率达53．3％，显著高于对照组。结论静脉溶栓治疗脑梗死疗效肯定，早期应用尿激酶静脉溶栓治疗脑梗死是患者康复的关键，但要严格掌握适应症。     

低分子肝素钙应用于心肌梗死患者溶栓前后疗效观察

目的 主要对比观察急性心肌梗死患者应用尿激酶溶栓治疗前后,分别应用低分子肝素钙抗凝治疗的效果及安全性.方法 两组患者均于入院后平均(30± 10)min给予尿激酶150万U.治疗组于尿激酶溶栓前开始腹部皮下注射低分子肝素钙(兆科药业(合肥)有限公司,批号20121030)5000万U;对照组尿激酶与低分子肝素钙用量同治疗组,但低分子肝素钙在尿激酶静滴后8h开始应用.两组低分子肝素钙连续应用7d,bid.结果 治疗组80例中73例再通,再通率为91.25％,对照组70例中50例再通,再通率为70.1％.两组血管再通率差异有显著性(P＜0.05)两组的出血发生率差异无显著性(P＞0.05).结论 急性心肌梗死患者应用尿激醇溶栓前,应用低分子肝素钙较尿激酶溶栓后应用低分子肝素钙有较高的血管再通率.早期低分子肝素钙的应用可显著提高急性心肌梗死患者的溶栓成功率.     

高龄急性ST段抬高心肌梗死患者减量溶栓26例

目的：探讨高龄急性ST段抬高心肌梗死患者减量静脉溶栓的安全性及疗效。方法选择从2009年5月~2013年5月在我院心血管内科住院患者,年龄≥75岁(75~84岁)急性ST段抬高心肌梗死患者26例,静脉给药120万单位尿激酶溶栓;同时选取同期未行溶栓治疗的急性心梗患者33例,观察两组患者的临床效果。结果溶栓治疗组在死亡率、心力衰竭发生率、血管再通率等方面均优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论高龄急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者在严格掌握适应症的情况下采取尿激酶减量(120万单位)溶栓治疗是安全有效的。     

凯时注射液治疗急性脑梗塞临床初步观察

目的 探讨凯时注射液（脂化前列腺素E1）对急性脑梗塞患者的治疗作用及临床疗效。方法 将60例急性脑梗塞病人随机分治疗组和对照组，治疗组30例用凯时注射液10ug加生理盐水100ml静脉点滴。对照组30例应用川芎300mg加生理盐水100ml静脉点滴，均为每日1次，连续应用14d。结果 两组患者神经功能缺损评分明显下降，日常生活能力有较大的提高，但治疗组优于对照组。结论 凯时对急性脑梗塞有较好的治疗作用。     

脑梗死患者尿激酶溶栓治疗的临床护理

目的 观察急性脑梗死患者应用尿激酶溶栓治疗的护理效果.方法 总结96例接受尿激酶静脉溶栓治疗的脑梗死患者的护理方法.结果 96例患者中基本治愈38例,总有效率89.1%.结论 尿激酶作为有效的溶栓药物,适用于早期脑梗死患者,起效快,疗效显著,脑出血发生率低,值得在临床应用.     

82例静脉溶栓治疗急性心肌梗死患者的临床疗效分析

目的探究急性心肌梗死疾病采用静脉溶栓方式治疗的临床治疗效果。方法选取我院于2012年1月～2013年1月接受诊治的急性心肌梗死患者82例,随机将82例患者划分成两个研究组即：对照组和实验组,每组患者41例。对照组患者采用常规方法进行疾病治疗,而实验组患者采用在常规方法治疗的前提下给予静脉溶栓治疗。治疗后对比两组患者治疗效果分析。结果给予相应治疗措施之后,实验组患者心律失常情况以及心理衰竭情况的发生率均显著优于对照组,并且心肌酶峰出现时间、患者住院时间以及心电图ST段恢复所需时间等指标均优于对照组患者。结论对于急性心肌梗死患者在常规方法治疗的前提下给予静脉溶栓治疗,可获得临床疗效显著,能帮助患者明显改善病情,缩短患者住院时间,临床治疗急性心肌梗死疾病时值得推广采用。     

凯时注射液伍用低分子肝素钙治疗急性脑梗塞40例分析

目的 观察凯时注射液伍用低分子肝素钙治疗急性脑梗塞临床疗效及不良反应.方法 将80例均经头颅CT或MRI证实的急性脑梗塞患者随机分成治疗组和对照组.治疗组应用凯时注射液10ug加生理盐水10ml静脉注射每日一次,连续应用14d,低分子肝素钙5000u IH g12h连续应用7d;对照组应用阿魏酸钠0.2加生理盐水100ml静脉点滴,血塞通0.4(冻干粉)加生理盐水100ml静脉点滴连续应用14d.结果 治疗组总有效率95%.对照组总有效率87.5%,两组之间有显著差异(P＜0.05).两组患者在治疗期问均未见明显副作用. 结论 凯时注射液伍用低分子肝素钙治疗急性脑梗塞安全、比较有效、值得临床推广的一种治疗方法 .     

急性脑梗塞的静脉溶栓治疗及护理效果观察

目的急性脑梗塞的静脉溶栓治疗及其护理措施,降低急性脑梗塞患者死亡率和预防并发症。方法选取2009年3月~2012年5月我院入院30例发病3h内确诊脑梗塞的临床资料进行回顾,总结急性脑梗塞的静脉溶栓治疗护理措施及预后情况。结果经过对30例急性脑梗塞患者的积极抢救及护理,仅5例患者死亡,2例患者转院,其余23例患者抢救存活,23例患者中有8例患者出现消化道出血,经治疗及有效护理后均有效控制。结论及时有效抢救和护理是急性脑梗塞治疗成功的重要因素。     

银杏内酯注射液联合rt-PA静脉溶栓对急性缺血性脑卒中患者NIHSS评分及生活质量的影响

目的探讨银杏内酯注射液联合rt-PA静脉溶栓对急性缺血性脑卒中患者神经功能缺损(NIHSS)评分及生活质量的影响。方法选取2016年6月~2017年10月我院诊治的78例急性缺血性脑卒中患者,按照随机数字表法分为对照组(n=39)与研究组(n=39)。对照组在常规治疗基础上采取rt-PA静脉溶栓,24h后服用阿司匹林及氯吡格雷,研究组于对照组基础上采取银杏内酯注射液,两组均治疗14d。对比两组患者治疗前及疗程结束后生活质量(SF-36)及NIHSS分值、临床疗效。结果研究组治疗有效率89.74%(35/39),高于对照组69.23%(27/39)(P0.05);治疗前两组NIHSS及SF-36分值无明显差异(P0.05),疗程结束后两组SF-36分值均较治疗前增高,NIHSS分值较治疗前降低,且研究组SF-36分值高于对照组,NIHSS分值低于对照组(P0.05)。结论采取rt-PA静脉溶栓联合银杏内酯注射液治疗急性缺血性脑卒中,可有效恢复患者神经功能,改善其生活质量,提高治疗效果。     

Schizophrenia in a North Swedish geographical isolate, 1900–1977. Epidemiology, genetics and biochemistry

Over 200 schizophrenic patients belonging to three major and interrelated pedigree complexes have been investigated over the past 30 years in a North Swedish geographically isolated population, presently numbering about 6,000. An intensive investigation of a number of biochemical correlates and genetic markers in a few selected families belonging to one of the major pedigrees has indicated new strategies for the current research program.
Schizophrenia, as defined operationally, is significantly associated with decreased activities of two enzymes (1) blood platelet monoamine oxidase, (2) plasma dopamine-β-hydroxylase, and (3) with the genetic marker Gc² (group specific antigen). Both enzymes are subject to genetic variation. A positive score for linkage between schizophrenia and low plasma DBH activity has been calculated, but, so far, available data are insufficient for discrimination between linkage and partial contribution of genetically controlled low plasma DBH to the pathogenesis of the disease. Alternatively, both mechanisms could be involved.
As a model for continued research, schizophrenia is explained as based on a double dominant-recessive genotype (Aabb), representing a vulnerability which in about 50 % of cases develops into clinical schizophrenia. It is suggested that the dominant mutation (A) operates on or affects MAO activity, and that the recessive genotype (bb) is instrumental in low variates of DBH activity and very likely such variates within the normal range of physiological variation. Moreover, it is suggested that the combined effects of MAO- and DBH-reduced efficiency on the metabolism of e.g. dopamine could be an essential pathogenic mechanism for the schizophrenic illness which is segregating in this population.     

Renal dysplasia and asplenia in two sibs

A family is reported in which two sibs, one male and the other female, both died within 24 hours of birth with enlarged polycystic kidneys. Postmortem histology in the second child showed gross renal dysplasia. In both children the pancreas was enlarged, nodular and cystic but the liver appeared macroscopically normal. In the second child, histological examination confirmed pancreatic fibrosis with cystic dilation of ducts, but showed portal fibrosis with bile duct proliferation in the liver.
This combination of findings is very reminiscent of those in a girl and her brother reported by Ivemark et al. (1959). The children reported here also showed absence or hypoplasia of the spleen, cardiac anomalies and other features of the Ivemark syndrome (Ivemark 1955), a quite different, usually sporadic, congenital disorder. It is suggested that the children described here have a distinct lethal congenital disorder, probably inherited in an autosomal recessive manner.     

The dominant diseases of modernized societies as omega-3 essential fatty acid deficiency syndrome: Substrate beriberi

About 1900, modern food selection and processing caused widespread $\text{epidemics}$ of the B vitamin deficiency diseases of beriberi and pellagra which, for genetic reasons, often expressed as different diseases ranging from bowel and heart disease to dermatoses and psychoses. But the B vitamins merely help convert essential fatty acids (EFA) into the prostaglandin (PG) tissue regulators and it now turns out that, through hydrogenation, milling and selection of w3-poor southern foods, we have also been systematically depleting, by as much as 90%, a newly discovered trace Nordic EFA (w3) of special importance to primates and sole precursor of the PG3(4) series, even as a concurrent fiber deficiency increases body demand for EFA. Since substrate EFA is processed by many B vitamin catalysts, an EFA deficiency will mimic a $\text{panh}$ypovitaminosis B, i.e., a mixture of $\text{substrate}$ beriberi and $\text{substrate}$ pellagra resembling vitamin beriberi and pellagra but exhibiting as even more diverse $\text{endemic}$ disease. This would consitute a second stage of the Modern Malnutrition and explain why some workers now hold the dominant diseases of modermized societies to be new, nutritionally based, pellagraform yet lipid-related and to range, once again, from heart disease to psychosis. It is an assumption that our dominant diseases are unrelated to each other or are merely revealed by our diagnostic acumen and therapeutic success; and that hydrogenating millions of tons of food oils annually, to destroy the rancidity producing w3-EFA, is safe for $\text{primates}$. Extensive beriberiform disease is reported here in 32 typical cases taken from medical practice which responds strikingly to linseed oil supplements (60% w3-EFA) in confirmation of identical results in Capuchins.     

'Very sore nights and days': the child's experience of illness in early modern England, c.1580-1720

Sick children were ubiquitous in early modern England, and yet they have received very little attention from historians. Taking the elusive perspective of the child, this article explores the physical, emotional, and spiritual experience of illness in England between approximately 1580 and 1720. What was it like being ill and suffering pain? How did the young respond emotionally to the anticipation of death? It is argued that children’s experiences were characterised by profound ambivalence: illness could be terrifying and distressing, but also a source of emotional and spiritual fulfilment and joy. This interpretation challenges the common assumption amongst medical historians that the experiences of early modern patients were utterly miserable. It also sheds light on children’s emotional feelings for their parents, a subject often overlooked in the historiography of childhood. The primary sources used in this article include diaries, autobiographies, letters, the biographies of pious children, printed possession cases, doctors’ casebooks, and theological treatises concerning the afterlife.     

Guidelines for the Validation and Use of Immunoassays for Determination of Introduced Proteins in Biotechnology Enhanced Crops and Derived Food Ingredients

Recent advancements in agricultural biotechnology have created a need for analytical techniques to determine introduced proteins in crops enhanced through modern biotechnology techniques. These proteins are expressed in plant tissues and may be present in food ingredients. Immunoassays are ideally suited for protein detection and may be used as both quantitative and threshold methods. Microplate ELISA and lateral flow devices are two of the most commonly used immunoassay formats for agricultural biotechnology applications. This paper provides general background information and a discussion of criteria for the validation and application of immunochemical methods to the analysis of proteins introduced into plants and food ingredients using biotechnology methods. It is the result of a collaborative effort of members of the Analytical Environmental Immunochemical Consortium. This collaborative effort represents the combined expertise of several organizations to reach consensus on establishing guidelines for the validation and use of immunoassays. Further, the paper offers developers and users a consistent approach to adopting the technology as well as aid in producing accurate and meaningful results.     

Ultracryotomy: development and application (with examples from the yeast cytology) (author's transl)

The preparation steps usually necessary for obtaining ultrathin frozen sections of biological material (chemical prefixation, enclosing, cryoprotective treatment, freezing, sectioning, and post-staining the sections for transmission electron microscopy) are submitted to a critical analysis. The application of cryo-ultramicrotomy, in particularly for cytochemical purposes, is reviewed. Fundamental considerations of chemical prefixation and poststaining are supported by examples from yeast cytology. Furthermore, the efficiency of the cryo-ultramicrotomy (electron optical resolution of ultrastructural details) is demonstrated on yeast cells and protoplasts.     

HLA in North Colombia Chimila Amerindians

HLA-A,-B,-C,-DRB1 and -DQB1 alleles have been studied in Chimila Amerindians from Sabana de San Angel (North Colombian Coast) by using high resolution molecular typing. A frequent extended haplotype was found:HLA-A*24:02-B*51:10-C*15:02-BRB1*04:07-DQB1*03:02 (28.7%) which has also been described in Amerinndian Mayos Mexican population (Mexico, California Gulf, Pacific Ocean). Other haplotypes had already been found in Amerindians from Mexico (Pacific and Atlantic Coast), Peru (highlands and Amazon Basin), Bolivia and North USA. A geographic pattern according to HLA allele or haplotype frequencies is lacking in Amerindians, as already known. Also, five new extended haplotypes were found in Chimila Amerindians. Their HLA-A*24:02 high frequencies characteristic is shared with aboriginal populations of Taiwan; also, HLA-C*01:02 high frequencies are found in New Zealand Maoris, New Caledonians and Kimberly Aborigines from Australia. Finally, this study may show a model of evolutionary factors acting and rising one HLA allele frequency (-A*24:02), but not in others that belong to the same or different HLA loci.     

The case for allele‐specific recognition by the TCR

There is a sharp difference in how one views TCR structure–function–behaviour dependent on whether its recognition of major histocompatibility complex‐encoded restriction elements (R) is germline selected or somatically generated. The generally accepted or Standard model is built on the assumption that recognition of R is by the V regions of the αβ TCR, which is not driven by allele specificity, whereas the competing model posits that recognition of R is allele‐specific. The establishing of allele‐specific recognition of R by the TCR would rule out the Standard model and clear the road to a consideration of a competing construct, the Tritope model. Here, the case for allele‐specific recognition (germline selected) is detailed making it obvious that the Standard model is untenable.     

The universal muscular chamber. A basic unit of the genitourinary, cardiovascular, gastro-intestinal, skeletal, cutaneous, respiratory and other systems, endocameral hypertension; and spasm, the key to their idiopathic diseases and arthropathies

Starting with the integument, we see many organs are contractile sacs or multiples thereof, which tubes or bags constitute the major part of the entire body. Recognition of this basic unit and its characteristics sheds new light, individually and collectively, on many disorders previously considered unrelated. Muscular tears and perforations develop in the walls of these chambers, being no way peculiar to those organs, wherein, hydrochloric acid occurs. So, it is not necessary to explain the absence of excessive acid from patients who exhibit holes in the gastric, uterine, aortic, duodenal, rectal, pulmonary, retina, and other walls. Muscle, not acid is the great common factor relating idiopathic disorders in the gastrointestinal tract to each other and to similar diseases in other systems. When the units are linked together, the lesions tend to appear as arthropathies, i.e. at the joints. Rephrasing common-place observations, frees us from conventional, conceptual cul-de-sacs. An observation is only as good as its interpretation, so all possibilities must be considered, otherwise, we will remain blinded by our misconceptions.