后路半椎体切除内固定矫治先天性脊柱侧后凸

目的评价后路一期半椎体切除椎弓根钉矫形治疗先天性半椎体所致脊柱侧后凸的临床效果。方法11例患者,平均年龄9.3岁,4例位于胸椎,5例位于腰椎,均为完全分节型,手术采用后路一期半椎体切除,椎弓根器械矫形并植骨融合。结果手术固定节段2-7个椎体,平均3.3个椎体。术后随访6-30个月,平均14.5个月。全脊柱正侧位X线片示冠状面Cobb角由术前平均41.15°矫正至15.35°,平均矫正率61.53％,矢状面Cobb角由术前平均34.15°矫正至13.26°,平均矫正率60.27％,顶椎偏移由术前25.34mm矫正至11.46mm,最后随访时侧凸和后凸Cobb角平均分别为16.86°和14.08°,与术后相比无纠正丢失。无任何手术并发症,无内固定断裂脱落,均融合。结论一期后路半椎体切除椎弓根器械矫形是治疗先天性脊柱侧后凸安全、有效的术式,能够获得满意的矫正。     

后路半椎体切除短节段融合治疗先天性脊柱侧弯

[目的] 探讨单纯经后方人路半椎体切除后,行短节段椎弓根螺钉矫形固定对先天性脊柱侧弯的疗效.[方法] 2l例先天性半椎体畸形的患儿,单纯经后方入路切除半椎体,并一期行后路短节段椎弓根螺钉系统矫形固定和脊柱植骨融合术,比较术前、术后和最后一次随访脊柱全长正侧位x线片,测量并记录脊柱侧弯及后凸的Cobb's角.[结果] 本组病例脊柱畸形明显改善,冠状面,半椎体节段侧弯术前平均41.5°,术后15.1°,矫正率63.6%;最后一次随访时平均14.70,矫正64.6%;冠状面主侧弯术前平均46.9°,术后18.4°,矫正60.8%;最后一次随访时平均17.5.,矫正62.7%;矢状面,半椎体节段术前有15.4°后凸畸形,术后恢复至正常生理曲度范围.手术后头侧和尾侧代偿弯也得到明显改善.[结论] 单纯后方入路切除半椎体后行短节段椎弓根螺钉系统矫形内固定术,可满意地矫正先天性脊柱侧弯,在骨骼成熟之前进行治疗可有效地预防继发性的脊柱改变.     

全脊柱椎弓根螺钉技术治疗脊柱侧凸疗效观察

目的探讨采用后路全脊柱椎弓根螺钉技术节段内固定治疗脊柱侧凸的疗效和安全性,并总结胸椎椎弓根螺钉的植入方法。方法选取入组患者16例,青少年特发性脊柱侧凸7例,先天性半椎体脊柱侧凸9例,男12例,女4例;年龄12~19岁,平均15.9岁。脊柱冠状面Cobb角为30~82°,而平均为52°。全部采用全脊柱椎弓根螺钉技术后路三维矫形内固定,均获得骨性融合,其中10例行胸廓成形术。结果术中术后无神经、血管并发症。手术切口I期愈合。术后随访3~44个月,平均23.5个月,无术后疼痛,X线正侧位及动态位片未发现断钉、假关节形成。术后平均矫正Cobb角41°,16例患者术后Cobb角平均为11°,矫正率达78.8%。所有患者均在4~8个月内恢复正常的学习生活。结论后路全脊柱椎弓根螺钉技术内固定矫形治疗脊柱侧凸,可获得满意的效果且并发症发生概率低。     

术中三维影像脊柱导航引导半椎体切除及椎弓根螺钉置入矫治儿童先天性脊柱侧后凸畸形

目的:探讨术中实时三维影像脊柱导航引导下后路椎弓根螺钉置入及半椎体切除矫治儿童先天性脊柱侧后凸畸形的临床疗效。方法:自2010年5月~2013年4月,对18例儿童先天性半椎体脊柱侧后凸畸形患者进行术中实时三维影像脊柱导航引导下进行脊柱矫形手术。其中,男7例,女11例,年龄7.6±2.9岁。术中在实时三维影像脊柱导航引导下经后路置入椎弓根螺钉并切除半椎体后进行矫形。术后通过CT评价椎弓根螺钉位置及半椎体切除情况,术前、术后摄脊柱正侧位X线片,评价矫形效果。结果:手术时间216±55min,术中出血量732±378ml。18例患者共置入椎弓根螺钉127枚(4~12枚/例)。术后CT证实124枚椎弓根螺钉位置准确,置钉准确率97.6%;1枚椎弓根螺钉穿破椎弓根内侧皮质,2枚椎弓根螺钉穿破椎弓根外侧皮质。1例出现椎弓根螺钉切割,1例出现血气胸,置入胸腔闭式引流。无神经损伤并发症病例,无螺钉误置而引起的并发症。术后CT证实18例患者半椎体均完整切除。18例中有16例获得随访,随访时间18.5±8.0个月。16例术前测量冠状面节段性侧凸Cobb角44.5°±11.4°,术后为9.3°±4.7°,末次随访时为9.7°±5.0°,矫正率为(78.2±7.8)%。节段性后凸Cobb角术前测量为32.2°±7.3°,术后为7.2°±3.5°,末次随访节时为7.7°±3.9°,矫正率为(76±9.4)%。侧凸及后凸矫正与术前相比均有统计学意义(P0.01)。末次随访时16例患者均获得骨性融合。结论:术中实时三维影像脊柱导航引导经后路矫治先天性脊柱侧后凸畸形半椎体切除完整,置入椎弓根螺钉准确率高,安全性高,畸形矫正效果满意。     

一期后路全椎弓根螺钉矫形治疗成人僵硬性脊柱侧凸

目的回顾分析一期后路全椎弓根螺钉矫形治疗成人僵硬性脊柱侧凸的疗效。方法2001年1月。2007年5月,通过一期后路全椎弓根螺钉矫形治疗了19例成人僵硬性脊柱侧凸患者。术前冠状面主凸Cobb角为59．2°（43°-90°）,侧屈位平均矫正率为25％。术后平均随访18个月（10—43个月）,通过影像学检查对手术矫形效果及躯干平衡情况进行分析,末次随访时进行患者主观疗效评价。结果所有患者术后外观明显改善。总体冠状面主凸平均Cobb角矫正率为45．9％。末次随访冠状面Cobb角平均丢失3．1°。冠状面平衡由术前平均2．8cm矫正为术后平均0．8cm。15例患者对手术表示满意。结论对于成人僵硬性脊柱侧凸,一期后路全椎弓根螺钉矫形技术可以获得较高的冠状面矫正率,重建躯干平衡,患者满意度较高,并发症较少。     

前路半椎体切除截骨后路矫形固定治疗严重先天性脊柱侧凸

目的探讨分期前路半椎体切除截骨后路矫形手术治疗严重先天性脊柱侧凸的临床疗效。方法严重先天性脊柱侧凸14例,男4例,女10例;年龄8～13岁,平均11.2岁。其中形成缺陷2例,分节缺陷6例,混合型6例。半椎体位于T53例,T2、T8、T10、T11、L1、L4各1例。胸弯12例,胸腰弯2例。术前冠状面Cobb角63°～95°,平均72.1°。胸椎后凸减小或前凸8例,胸腰段后凸4例。一期采用前路半椎体切除、多节段椎体间楔形截骨及分节不全松解;二期采用后路椎弓根钉棒系统三维矫形固定。前后路手术均植骨,平均截骨5.5个节段。结果一期前路术后冠状面Cobb角48°～60°,平均51.5°;矫正率19.6%～37.8%,平均28.6%。二期术后冠状面Cobb角5°～45°,平均30.5°;矫正率52.6%～87.5%,平均62.5%。8例存在胸椎后凸减小或前凸的患者均恢复生理性后凸,4例胸腰段后凸患者3例达到矢状面矫正。全部病例随访8～30个月,平均12.1个月。无断钉、断棒及明显的矫正度丢失,植骨融合良好。发生并发症2例,椎弓根钉帽松动1例,T1神经根激惹1例。结论一期前路半椎体切除、多节段椎体间楔形截骨、分节不全松解,二期后路矫形固定及前后路植骨治疗先天性脊柱侧凸能够达到较满意的矫形效果,适合于8～12岁的青春期前患者。     

后路半脊椎切除短节段内固定治疗小儿半脊椎脊柱畸形

[目的]探讨一期后路半脊椎切除、短节段内固定治疗半脊椎所致小儿先天性脊柱侧后凸畸形的临床疗效。[方法]回顾性分析2004年1月~2010年1月本院35例采用一期后路半脊椎切除、短节段内固定术治疗的半脊椎所致先天性脊柱侧后凸患儿,手术年龄4岁1个月~8岁5个月,平均6岁3个月。通过术前、术后及随访时站立位脊柱正位和侧位X线片测量,评价冠状面及矢状面的矫形效果。[结果]术后均随访5年以上,平均7年10个月。节段侧凸角术前平均33.20°,术后2周平均6.70°,矫正率79.82%,总侧凸角术前平均37.5°,术后2周9.9°,矫正率为73.60%;后凸角术前平均21.3°,术后2周7.9°,矫正率为62.91%。术中和术后发生螺钉切割椎弓根3例,术后切口局部感染1例。无神经系统并发症发生。末次随访侧凸及后凸矫形角度均无明显丢失。[结论]采用一期后路半脊椎切除、短节段内固定术治疗半脊椎所致的小儿先天性脊柱侧后凸融合节段少,不影响其他正常脊柱节段的生长发育,矫形效果良好,固定牢靠,并发症少,临床疗效满意,是一种安全和可行的方法。     

后路单侧经椎弓根半椎体截骨治疗青少年先天性脊柱侧凸

目的评估后路经椎弓根截骨矫形部分半椎体保留治疗先天性半椎体所致脊柱侧凸畸形的临床疗效。方法共18例先天性半椎体合并脊柱侧凸患者纳入随访研究,平均年龄16.17岁（14～21岁）,术前测量半椎体所致脊柱畸形的节段性主弯Cobb角45.39°±6.81°,头侧代偿弯Cobb角27.5°±2.71°,尾侧代偿弯Cobb角为26.44°±6.85°,顶椎偏距为4.28±0.58cm,节段性后/前凸角度为14.11°±18.07°。所有病例均采用后路一期经半椎体椎弓根截骨,双侧固定矫正侧凸畸形。随访时间为14.17±6.56个月。综合评估影像学、临床疗效以及并发症的情况。结果手术时间为2.82±0.74h,术中失血量317.22±65.15ml。术后节段性主弯Cobb角为11.33°±4.68°,矫正34.06°±7.88°,末次随访14.61°±4.96°;头侧代偿弯Cobb角为8.72°±1.44°,矫正18.78°±3.17°,末次随访18.78°±3.17°;尾侧代偿弯Cobb角为7.98°±1.82°,矫正18.47°±5.83°,末次随访18.47°±5.83°;节段性后/前凸角为-1.94°±12.35°,矫正14.94°±10.18°,末次随访-1.5°±12.67°。顶椎偏距的矫正为2.31±0.52cm,末次随访2.1±0.24cm。术中没有血管、神经损伤、骨折等重大并发症发生,术后没有发生冠状面和矢状面的失代偿。结论后路半椎体经椎弓根截骨矫形能有效矫正轻、中度先天性半椎体所致脊柱侧凸畸形,缩短手术时间,创伤小,减少术中失血量,矫形效果满意,所选病例骨骼发育相对成熟者,避免矫形丢失。     

后路经椎弓根儿童半椎体全切除术的近期疗效评估

目的 评估单一后路经椎弓根半椎体全切除术治疗儿童半椎体畸形的效果.方法 回顾性分析2005年7月至2006年6月采用单一后路经椎弓根半椎体全切除术治疗的27例儿童先天性脊柱侧凸患者的临床资料.其中男性16例,女性11例;年龄1.3～10.0岁,平均5.5岁.半椎体位于胸椎12例,位于腰椎15例.术前术后及随访时均摄全脊柱站立位正侧位X线片,评价术后矫形效果及随访失代偿情况.结果 手术时间3-6 h,平均4 h;术中出血300～2200 ml,平均750 ml.固定节段2～7个椎体,平均4.4个椎体.随访12-34个月,平均16个月.主弯Cobb角均值术前40.0°,术后12.6°,末次随访15.2°.局部侧凸Cobb角均值术前35.6°,术后11.6°,末次随访12.1°.顶椎偏移均值术前16.5 mm,术后7.5 mm,末次随访7.6 mm.半椎体位于胸椎者局部后凸Cobb角均值术前26.4°,术后14.6°,末次随访15.5°.半椎体位于腰椎者局部后凸Cobb角均值术前11.2°,术后3.9°,末次随访4.8°.围手术期并发症包括2例(各1枚)椎弓根螺钉位置不良需翻修和1例术后骨盆倾斜者,无术后神经损害病例.结论 单一后路经椎弓根半椎体伞切除术可同时矫正冠状位和矢状位畸形,近期随访无丢失.并且此手术适用于儿童中胸、下胸、腰段半椎体畸形患者.     

后路半椎体切除椎弓根钉内固定治疗先天性脊柱侧凸畸形的中期疗效分析

目的探讨后路半椎体切除椎弓根钉内固定治疗非嵌顿型半椎体导致的先天性脊柱侧凸畸形的矫形效果、安全性及并发症情况。方法回顾性分析自2010-01—2015-01采用后路半椎体切除椎弓根钉内固定治疗的16例先天性脊柱侧凸畸形。结果 16例均获得随访,随访时间平均55(39~76)个月。术后即刻主侧凸Cobb角、上代偿性侧凸Cobb角、下代偿性侧凸Cobb角、节段后凸Cobb角较术前明显改善,但末次随访时主侧凸Cobb角、下代偿性侧凸Cobb角、节段后凸Cobb角矫正度数较术后即刻出现丢失,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。手术前后胸椎后凸Cobb角、腰椎前凸Cobb角比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论后路半椎体切除椎弓根钉内固定治疗先天性脊柱侧凸畸形安全有效,能直接去除致畸因素,获得牢靠的固定、良好的畸形矫正及脊柱平衡,而且手术时机越早,矫形效果越好。     

后路半椎体切除矫治先天性脊柱侧后凸的疗效分析

目的通过对本院经后路一期半椎体切除矫治先天性脊柱侧后凸畸形患者的分析,探讨术后近远期矫形效果。方法 2008-2013年我院共对先天性脊柱半椎体畸形患者经后路半椎体切除植骨融合内固定术35例,男22例,女13例;年龄5~48岁,平均17.06岁。术前、术后即刻和随访时均拍摄脊柱正侧位X线片,并测量半椎体所致侧、后凸Cobb角等评估指标,分别计算它们的改善率,记录围手术期及远期并发症。结果手术时间1.75~5.83 h,平均3.68 h。术中出血量60~2 000 mL,平均767.78 mL。全部病例随访13~60个月,平均35.8个月。手术前、后及末次随访侧凸Cobb角分别为(44.41±18.49)°、(13.07±9.11)°、(15.54±8.94)°,术后即刻矫正率为(71.32±16.94)%,最终矫正率(64.35±19.53)%。手术前、后及末次随访后凸Cobb角分别为(34.58±26.18)°、(10.36±11.94)°、(11.94±11.81)°,术后即刻矫正率(67.91±21.89)%,最终矫正率(58.56±30.88)%。头侧出现新的后凸畸形1例,植骨不融合1例,通过二次手术,延长固定节段,畸形得到明显矫正。末次随访时均无椎弓根切割、神经系统并发症发生,无切口愈合不良、钉棒断裂及假关节形成等。结论对于先天性脊柱半椎体侧后凸畸形患者,采用一期经后路半椎体切除安全有效,具有手术时间短、出血量少、对脏器损伤小、并发症发生率低等优点。     

The efficacy and complications of posterior hemivertebra resection

There have been several reports on hemivertebra resection via a posterior-only procedure. However, the number of reported cases is small, and various types of instrumentation have been used. In our study, we retrospectively investigated 56 consecutive cases of congenital scoliosis that were treated by posterior hemivertebra resection with transpedicular instrumentation. Radiographs were reviewed to determine the type and location of the hemivertebra, the coronal curve magnitude and the sagittal alignment pre-operatively, post-operatively and at the latest follow-up. Radiographs were also used to assess implant failure and inter-body fusion. Surgical reports and patient charts were reviewed to record any peri-operative complications. Fifty-eight posterior hemivertebrae resections from 56 patients aged 1.5–17 years with fully segmented non-incarcerated hemivertebra were evaluated. The average age at surgery was 9.9 years (1.5–17 years). The average follow-up was 32.9 months (24–58 months). The mean fusion level was 5.0 segments (2–11 segments). There was a mean improvement of 72.9% in the segmental scoliosis, from 42.4° before surgery to 12.3° at the time of the latest follow-up, and there was a mean improvement of 70% in segmental kyphosis from 42.0° to 14.5° over the same time period. The thoracic kyphosis (T5–T12) averaged 10.8° before surgery and 23.9° at the latest follow-up. The lumbar lordosis (L1–S1) averaged −52.8° before surgery and −51.6° at the latest follow-up. Two cases with neurological claudications had complete recovery immediately after the surgery. There was one case of delayed wound healing, two fractures of the pedicle at the instrumented level, two rod breakages and one proximal junction kyphosis that required revision. There were no neurological complications. Radiolucent gaps were found in the residual space after resection on the lateral view in five cases, without any sign of implant failure or correction loss. Our results show that one-stage posterior hemivertebra resection with transpedicular instrumentation can achieve excellent correction, 360° decompression and short fusion without neurological complications. Pedicle cutting still remains a challenge in younger children when using bisegmental instrumentation. In addition, the radiolucent gaps in the residual space require further investigation.     

后路半椎体全切术治疗青少年先天性脊柱侧凸畸形

目的：评价后路半椎体切除治疗青少年半椎体所致先天性脊柱侧凸的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析2007-06-2011-0621例青少年半椎体畸形采用一期后路半椎体全切除术患者的临床资料,均行后路半椎体切除加植骨融合钉棒内固定术。结果冠状面主弯cobb角术前平均为40.3°,术后平均为15.4°,末次随访平均为16.3°,矫正率为61.7％;矢状面后凸cobb角术前平均为33.3°,术后平均为11.8°,末次随访平均为12.6°,矫正率为64.5％;局部侧凸cobb角术前平均为36.2°,术后平均为14.7°,末次随访平均为15.3°,矫正率为59.3％。结论后路半椎体切除可去除病因,同时矫正冠状位和矢状位畸形,是治疗青少年半椎体引起的先天性脊柱侧凸的有效方法。     

前后路一期半椎体切除术治疗先天性脊柱侧后凸的中期随访

目的 评价前后路一期半椎体切除术治疗完全分节半椎体畸形所致先天性脊柱侧后凸畸形的2～6年随访结果.方法 2000年8月至2006年10月,收治完全分节半椎体畸形所致先天性脊柱侧后凸患者20例,男女各10例;年龄5～16岁.平均11.7岁.半椎体分布:T5 1例.T6 3例,T7 1例,T8 4例,T10 3例,T11 2例,T12 2例,L1 1例,L2 1例.L3 2例.均行前后路一期半椎体切除及后路矫形固定融合术.内同定器械包括:CDH 4例,TSRH 9例,儿章TSRH 2例,Isola 2例,儿章Isola 2例,MossMiami 1例.所有病例术前、术后和随访时均拍摄站立位全脊柱正、侧位X线片,测量冠状面和矢状面Cobb角及顶椎偏移.复习病历以记录围手术期并发症和远期并发症.结果 全部病例随访24～72个月,平均40.5个月.手术时间140～520min,平均315 min.术中出血量180～1600ml,平均798 ml.固定融合节段为2～9节,平均4.7节.冠状面Cobb角由术前平均61.7°矫正至18.3°,矫正率为70.3%;后凸由术前平均48.2°矫正至16.6°;顶椎偏移由术前3.7 cm矫正至1.9 cm.并发症包括:术中加压时椎弓根切割1例,代偿弯加重1例,曲轴失衡2例.结论 前后路一期半椎体切除术在冠状面和矢状面均可获得良好的矫形,中期随访疗效可靠;但对于骨龄小的患者,若阻滞范围不够,仍可发生曲轴失衡.     

半椎体切除术治疗先天性脊柱侧后弯畸形

目的分析一期后路半椎体切除治疗先天性脊柱侧后凸畸形的手术效果,并探讨手术固定融合节段方案的选择。方法回顾分析15例由半椎体引起侧后凸畸形的患儿,其中男9例,女6例,年龄3～17岁,平均13.5岁。均行后路半椎体切除、矫形内固定及情骨融合手术。结果随访15～68个月,平均40.5个月。术后矫形效果满意,侧凸畸形由术前平均45.3°改善至11.4°（矫正率达68.7%）;后凸畸形由术前的平均35.5°,矫正至11.4°（矫形率达67.9%）,远期矫形丢失率低,植骨融合良好,无内固定物断裂松动等并发症。结论一期后路半椎体切除、椎弓根钉棒系统矫形内固定和植骨融合手术,可以有效矫正青少年脊柱结构性侧后凸畸形。     

一期后路经椎弓根半椎体切除节段固定治疗先天性胸腰椎侧后凸畸形

目的：评价一期后路经椎弓根半椎体切除节段固定术治疗完全分节的胸腰椎半椎体畸形所致的先天性脊柱侧后凸畸形的疗效。方法：采用一期后路经椎弓根半椎体切除内固定矫形术治疗了12例完全分节的胸腰椎半椎体畸形所致的脊柱侧后凸畸形，其中，男8例，女4例，年龄7～17岁，平均11．3岁。观察并测量术前术后及随访时站立位脊柱X线片冠状面和矢状面Cobb角、侧凸的顶椎偏移。结果：随访10-34个月，平均16个月。术后冠状面平均矫正64．1％，随访中无明显丢失。后凸由术前平均320矫正至190，随访中无明显丢失，顶椎偏移由术前4．5cm矫正至1．2cm。无脊髓损伤及切口感染等并发症。结论：一期后路经椎弓根半椎体切除内固定矫形术是治疗完全分节的胸腰椎半椎体畸形所致的脊柱侧后凸畸形的有效方法。     

后路半椎体全切术治疗青少年先天性脊柱侧凸畸形

目的：评价后路半椎体切除治疗青少年半椎体所致先天性脊柱侧凸的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析2007-06-2011-0621例青少年半椎体畸形采用一期后路半椎体全切除术患者的临床资料,均行后路半椎体切除加植骨融合钉棒内固定术。结果冠状面主弯cobb角术前平均为40.3°,术后平均为15.4°,末次随访平均为16.3°,矫正率为61.7％;矢状面后凸cobb角术前平均为33.3°,术后平均为11.8°,末次随访平均为12.6°,矫正率为64.5％;局部侧凸cobb角术前平均为36.2°,术后平均为14.7°,末次随访平均为15.3°,矫正率为59.3％。末次随访时所有患者植骨均融合,一例出现椎弓根切割,无假关节形成,无内固定断裂,近期随访丢失率低。结论后路半椎体切除可去除病因,同时矫正冠状位和矢状位畸形,是治疗青少年半椎体引起的先天性脊柱侧凸的有效方法。     

One-stage posterior hemivertebra resection and correction using segmental posterior instrumentation

STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective study of 12 patients with congenital kyphoscoliosis caused by a single hemivertebra who underwent one-stage posterior hemivertebra resection and correction by posterior segmental instrumentation. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the surgical outcomes of 12 patients with hemivertebra treated by hemivertebra resection by single posterior approach and correction with segmental posterior instrumentation. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Congenital scoliosis caused by hemivertebra causes extremely severe curves in some patients. Posterior fusion or posterior and anterior hemi-epiphysiodesis is performed to prevent progression of the deformity. The results of these procedures have been variable and not promising, especially in an adolescent patient with fixed kyphoscoliotic deformity. Hemivertebra resection offers more certain results and better correction of the deformity. To date, hemivertebra resection is performed by anterior and posterior approaches either by one-stage or two-stage operation. Few reports have been published describing a procedure consisting of one-stage posterior hemivertebra resection and correction of the deformity by segmental posterior instrumentation. METHODS: A total of 12 patients with a single hemivertebra between the ages 8-24 years who underwent operative treatment were evaluated for a minimum of 2 years. All patients had a single nonincarcerated hemivertebra [T9 (1 patient), T10 (2), T11 (2), T12 (4), and L1 (3)]. After posterior hemivertebra resection, segmental posterior instrumentation was used for correction of the kyphoscoliotic deformity [CD (4 patients), Kaneda SR (2), and ISOLA (6)]. Radiographic evaluations were conducted on the preoperative, postoperative, and follow-up standing posteroanterior and lateral radiographs. RESULTS: All 12 patients had kyphoscoliotic deformity. Preoperative scoliosis averaging 49 degrees was corrected to 18 degrees (correction rate, 64%). Preoperative kyphosis of 40 degrees was corrected to 17 degrees of kyphosis. Trunk shift of 23 mm was improved to 3 mm. Correction loss was 2 degrees in the frontal plane and 3 degrees in the sagittal plane, and no patients showed more than 5 degrees of correction loss. No intraoperative complications were noted. Solid fusion was obtained in all patients, and no implant failure was verified at the final radiographic evaluations. CONCLUSIONS: This study indicated that correction of kyphoscoliosis caused by a single hemivertebra can be effectively conducted by one-stage posterior hemivertebra resection and correction using segmental posterior instrumentation. The operation was safe, and no associated adverse complications were noted. This procedure is best indicated for adolescent patients with a structural kyphoscoliotic deformity caused by a thoracic or thoracolumbar single hemivertebra.     

后路一期半椎体切除治疗脊柱上胸段侧后凸畸形

目的:观察后路一期半椎体切除、内固定植骨融合治疗上胸段侧后凸畸形的临床效果。方法 :2005年12月～2010年2月我院共收治半椎体所致脊柱上胸段侧后凸畸形患者8例,男4例,女4例;年龄11～15岁,平均13岁。3例患者合并神经系统症状。均行后路一期半椎体切除内固定植骨融合术,术前、术后和随访时拍摄站立位脊柱正侧位X线片,测量冠状面与矢状面局部后凸Cobb角;记录围手术期并发症;通过JOA评分评价术前、术后1周及末次随访时神经系统症状的改善情况。结果:全部病例随访6～50个月,平均22.8个月。手术时间150～420min,平均278min。术中出血量500～3500ml,平均1787ml。固定融合节段4～11节,平均8.5节。冠状面局部侧凸Cobb角由术前平均45.5°矫正至术后1周的14.4°;矢状面局部后凸Cobb角由术前平均47.9°矫正至术后1周的21.6°;3例合并神经系统损伤患者平均JOA评分由术前5分提高到末次随访时的8分。1例连接器固定患者术后10个月随访时发现细棒断裂,翻修后随访24个月效果良好。结论:对于先天性脊柱上胸段畸形,后路一期半椎体切除、内固定植骨融合术可取得良好的治疗效果。