医生工作站、护士工作站在我院的实施与应用情况分析

目的 总结医生工站、护士工作站系统的上线经验和应用情况分析,并促进其不断完善,使其更好的为临床工作服务.方法 在医疗体制改革的今天,医院信息管理系统正从"面向医院事务管理"向"临床医疗信息一体化"发展.医生工站、护士工作站是医院信息系统的关键,应用的好坏直接影响医院的管理.结果 通过对医生工作站、护士工作站系统的实施与应用,充分体会到了其科学性、先进性、准确性、实用性、高效性,对缩短医护人员的工作流程、减少文字工作、减少差错、提高工作效率、提高医疗质量有着重要的作用.结论 通过不断使用、升级系统功能使医院信息管理系统日趋完善,逐步实现了真正意义上的医院信息管理.     

“军字一号”移动护士站的设计

本文在分析“军字一号”病房护士站系统应用现状的基础上，提出为满足临床护理工作的实际需要必须开发设计移动护士站。并且在阐述了系统的整体设计思路后具体讨论了系统中常规测量模块、执行单处理模块、标本采集模块以及急救模块设计方案。最后提出了数字化医院建设中移动医疗的思想。     

军卫一号统计子系统在我院的应用

我院于 1999年 5月 1日正式启用“军卫一号”医院管理网络系统 (高级版 ) ,该系统涵盖了医院管理的方方面面 ,共设有 42个子系统 ,统计管理就是其中的一个子系统 ,它的启用和运行 ,使医院的统计信息真正作到了分散采集、统一管理、集中使用、充分共享的目的。1　系统特点系统特点　自动采集、网络传输和巨量存储、资源共享。沿用多年的病人流动卡片被住院登记处终端所代替 ,一个病人的基本信息一旦录入 ,通过网络传到了统计、病案、护士站、医生站、核算室、配药室等各相关科室。大大减轻了劳动量 ,提高了工作效率。病人流动报表依据各科室…     

“军字1号”护士工作站子系统运行中常见问题及对策

护士工作站子系统运行的成功与否 ,在“军字 1号”工程的运行过程中起着至关重要的作用。由于它的应用涉及站点多 ,操作人员广泛 ,因而出错机率相对较高。我院自 1999年10月开始运行“军字 1号”高级版护士工作站子系统 ,在系统运行的初期 ,曾遇到不少问题 ,经过分析和不断的摸索 ,都得到了解决。鉴于护士工作站子系统的重要性及特殊性 ,我们认为有必要对运行过程中发生问题的原因及处理对策进行分析、商讨 ,以对后续医院此项工作的顺利开展 ,提供一点借鉴。1　系统在运行过程中存在的主要问题在系统运行的初期 ,有些不规范操作难以避免 ,如…     

住院费用一日清单在我院的设计与实现

1　引言我院是作为广东地区首家采用军惠医院信息管理系统即金卫“军字一号”工程的地方医院 ,目前已建成了覆盖医院各个方面、比较系统完整的计算机网络系统。从 2 0 0 0年 1月起 ,已应用了住院登记、住院收费、药库、临床药局、护士站、门诊挂号、门诊收费、门诊药局、医生站、病案编目等大部分子系统 ,基本实现了以经济、医疗、物资等信息为主的系统规范化的医院网络化管理。去年 6月广东省卫生厅下发了一份通知 ,要求各级医疗机构从 2 0 0 0年 8月 1日起实行“住院费用一日清单”制度 ,对患者住院期间每日发生的各项费用 ,要在“住院费…     

医院信息化管理引发的护理问题及对策

随着"军卫一号"信息化工程在部队医院的应用,充分体现出现代化、信息化管理的优势和特点,但由于改变了医院传统工作模式和流程,各站点不同的存在着一些问题.护士站主要应用计算机承担住院病人医嘱处理和费用的管理工作.由于护理队伍的水平参差不齐,对计算机操作及应用软件功能掌握不完善.以及在管理上存在不足,发生了一些费用及药品方面的差错,导致病人对医院收费方面的质疑与不满,影响了医院的形象及对病人的护理质量.经过认真仔细的分析,提出相应的防范对策及管理方法.     

金卫“军字一号”医生工作站子系统应用实践

医生是一个医院的主体。由医生的医疗活动而产生的临床信息是医院的最基本信息 ,其他的如收费、管理等都是在此基础上派生出来的。医生工作站子系统应用 ,是整个系统运行成功的极其重要的一个环节 ,也是推行新系统中难度最大的站点。对病人的管理、诊治活动、药品使用 ,经费的管理直到病历的形成都集中体现在医生站子系统的应用中 ,是整个软件设计中病人信息和费用信息及物资管理三条线的主要信息采集点。而且医生工作站应用涉及站点多 ,操作人员广泛 ,这个子系统使用的好坏对护士工作站、临床药局、住院收费管理、检验、检查、统计、病案等…     

心理干预对提升精神科医院护士生活质量的影响

目的:探讨系统心理干预对提升精神科医院护士生活质量的影响效果。方法:选取唐山市第五医院的护士56名,随机分为两组,采用对照研究,选取其中一组作为干预组,另一组作为对照组。干预组护士接受连续8周的系统心理干预,对照组护士不接受任何心理干预。干预前后对干预组和对照组护士均采用SF-36健康调查量表进行问卷调查。结果:干预后干预组总体健康状况、活力、社会功能、情感职能、精神健康等生活质量维度得分显著高于对照组(t=2.140,2.162,2.102,2.046,2.333;P0.05)。结论:系统心理干预可以有效提升精神科医院护士的生活质量。     

抓好护士站微机网络化建设

随着计算机的大量应用与普及，医院采用计算机网络化管理已成为医院管理现代化的标志之一。我院自一九九七年十二月实施"军卫一号"高级版工程以来，护士工作站实现了以病人信息为中心的计算机网络化管理；改善了护士办公环境，提高了工作效率和护理文件质量，减轻了护士劳动强度，防止了药品浪费和流失，减少了差错，增加了收费透明度。现将我院护理部实施"军卫一号"的方法介绍如下。1临床护士工作站内容：临床护士工作站的任务是：患者从待床、办理入院、处理医嘱、统计费用管理到病人出院全过程进行计算机管理。护士负责病人在院期间的一…     

浅谈护士长在医院感染中的角色和作用

目的探讨护士长在医院感染的预防、控制中的重要性。方法护士长在医院感染预防、控制工作中应认识其重要性,加强医护人员的管理,规范医生护士的医疗操作行为。结果提高了医护人员对医院感染的认识,并能够自觉规范医疗操作行为,大大降低了医院感染的发生。结论护士长加强管理,在医疗护理过程中充分发挥督查的职能,对预防、控制医院感染的发生具有重要作用。     

What does it take to replace an old functioning information system with a new one?: A case study

PurposeTo investigate the case of a municipal wound care practice and the process of designing a specific computer documentation record system. In carrying out our kind of action research, creation of the system that integrate digital photos, was supposed to remake the old wound care documentation system and transform it into a more advanced and unified tool.MethodsEthnographic studies were conducted before and parallel to the design work. Nurse practitioners were involved in design and actively determining essentials of the computer artefact. Developmental Work Research (DWR) is the framework against which data from the work practice and system development where analyzed and interpreted.ResultsFirst, an old-fashioned information system (IS) within health care work will not successfully be replaced by a new one, unless the new is better “as a whole”, that is, better supports work practices of a range of occupational and professional workers. Second, when designing information system for the public sector, system designers will almost always face dilemmas based on a contradiction between central, high level interest and a local level work-practice perspective.DiscussionOur study reveals that the work practice of the municipal nurses is characterized by three distinctive features: High mobility, the need for face-to-face interaction in different locations, and a great variety of artefact usage. This implies that a new information system has to be “better as a whole” dealing with those characteristics.     

The fine structure of the sporozoites of Isospora canis

Summary The fine structure of sporozoites of Isospora canis closely resembled that of sporozoites of various Eimeria species, except that they had crystalloid bodies in place of refractile bodies, and 26 subpellicular microtubules instead of 24 or 25. Two crystalloid bodies, one anterior and one posterior to the nucleus, were present. Each body consisted of irregularly arranged particles, each of which had a number of dense granules embedded in a less dense matrix. The anterior crystalloid body was closely associated with rhoptries, the posterior one with amylopectin granules, and endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria were adjacent to both.This investigation was supported by PHS Research Grant No. AI-07488 to Utah State University from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases and by National Research Council of Canada Grant No. A-3908. Published as Journal Paper No. 1288, Utah Agricultural Experiment Station.     

高职护理专业《护理礼仪与人际沟通》课程教学设计

根据护理人员职业岗位能力及全国护士执业资格考试大纲标准要求,对我院高职护理专业《护理礼仪与人际沟通》课程体系从课程定位、教学设计思路、学时分配、教学方法及考核方案等方面进行设计,提供教学资源。     

The role of the transfusion nurse in the hospital and blood centre

The transfusion process is complex, involving many interlinking chains of events, and a multidisciplinary group of health professionals with different levels of awareness and understanding of transfusion practice. In recent years, many measures have been implemented to increase blood component safety and the clinical transfusion process. Haemovigilance programs report the greatest risks to patients from transfusion in many countries now relate to hospital-based steps in the process. The role of the Transfusion Nurse (TN) is evolving as an integral part of efforts to optimise appropriate use of blood components, reduce procedural risks and improve transfusion practice generally. The TN position is a relatively recent specialist role within hospitals and blood services, and continues to develop with growing experience of areas requiring intervention in the clinical setting, and increasing expectations for improvements in transfusion clinical governance. The role typically includes activities to improve clinician and patient awareness of transfusion issues and practical knowledge of blood product use, and therefore to improve clinical decision-making and enhance blood administration processes, along with responsibilities for education/training, auditing and adverse event follow-up. Within the Blood Service in Australia the role also covers approval and provision of specialised blood products along with many of the hospital-based TN functions. The TN serves as an expert resource and has been fundamental in development of tools, resources and skills in the following areas: - Patient blood management: - Education - Governance - Professional development - Research Benchmarking across organizations has demonstrated that availability and review of comparative data can be a powerful motivator of change. Reviews of the TN role/programmes highlighted their effectiveness and resulted in ongoing support/funding. Skills and attributes such as confidence, persistence, energy, excellent communication/ technical knowledge and clinical experience are key requirements for the roles success. Conclusion The specialist transfusion practitioner/Transfusion Nurse is an integral part of a multidisciplinary team, supporting efforts at institutional and national levels to reduce transfusion risks and improve practice.     

一种非规则三维实体重建算法及其在医学骨图像分析中的应用

本研究提出了一种由断层面切片进行三维实体表面重建的改进方法 ,它将划分曲面、立体建模与传统的划分三角形法和局部特征匹配相结合。该方法通过在划分三角形系统中加入曲线匹配过程 ,以生成物体的垂直轮廓线 ,从而改善了Tagare等人[1] 提出的三角平面建模技术。三维物体的立体建模是通过轮廓网格产生的。实验结果表明 ,我们的建模系统比传统的划分三角形方法可以生成更精确、细致的图像 ,同时能以精细的分辨率观察三维几何特征和进行更方便、准确的三维测量     

Audit of nurse-led-training for epipen in a District General Hospital

BACKGROUND: A community-based study in the London Borough of Hounslow, which included patients in our District General Hospital (DGH) Paediatric Department, found that most families who had been prescribed adrenaline auto-injectors could not use them properly. This prompted the establishment of a new protocol for doctors and an Allergy Clinic where one nurse was responsible for training all patients. AIM: This audit was done to reassess this service 3 years after the changes were made. METHODS: 68 of the 81 (83%) patients followed up in our District General Hospital Nurse led Allergy Clinic agreed to participate. They were compared with the District General Hospital sub-group of the previous study. RESULTS: We found that most patients now reported they were trained to use the devise, had written instructions, were able to demonstrate competence on a dummy and would appropriately call an ambulance. This was significantly better than the previous situation. CONCLUSION: The study shows that training can be improved in a DGH setting with the strategy of protocolised prescribing and a Nurse led Allergy Clinic.     

The fight between the teleost fish immune response and aquatic viruses

Teleost fish represent a transition point on the phylogenetic spectrum between invertebrates that depend only on innate immunity and mammals that heavily depend on adaptive immunity. The major mechanisms of the teleost fish innate immune response are suggested to be similar to mammals, although fine details of the process require further studies. Within the innate immune response the type I interferon (IFN) system is an essential innate antiviral component that protects fish from some virus infections. The current progress of cloning and functional characterization of fish antiviral genes is promising in further elucidation of the fish antiviral response. The adaptive immune system of fish utilizes cellular components more or less similar to mammals. Teleost fish produce IgM as a primary antibody response and lack isotype switching to mount virus-specific antibodies during the infection process. Despite this, the development of successful fish rhabdoviral vaccines suggest that vaccination may prove to be an effective way of promoting fish adaptive immune responses to viruses. This paper reviews the bony fish antiviral response with specific discussion on the evolutionary mechanisms that allow aquatic viruses to co-exist with their host. Detailed aspects of the teleost type I IFN system are also addressed.     

The fight between the teleost fish immune response and aquatic viruses

Teleost fish represent a transition point on the phylogenetic spectrum between invertebrates that depend only on innate immunity and mammals that heavily depend on adaptive immunity. The major mechanisms of the teleost fish innate immune response are suggested to be similar to mammals, although fine details of the process require further studies. Within the innate immune response the type I interferon (IFN) system is an essential innate antiviral component that protects fish from some virus infections. The current progress of cloning and functional characterization of fish antiviral genes is promising in further elucidation of the fish antiviral response. The adaptive immune system of fish utilizes cellular components more or less similar to mammals. Teleost fish produce IgM as a primary antibody response and lack isotype switching to mount virus-specific antibodies during the infection process. Despite this, the development of successful fish rhabdoviral vaccines suggest that vaccination may prove to be an effective way of promoting fish adaptive immune responses to viruses. This paper reviews the bony fish antiviral response with specific discussion on the evolutionary mechanisms that allow aquatic viruses to co-exist with their host. Detailed aspects of the teleost type I IFN system are also addressed.     

Telemedicine and distributed medical intelligence.

Recent trends in health care informatics and telemedicine indicate that systems are being developed with a primary focus on technology and business, not on the process of medicine itself. The authors present a new model of health care information, distributed medical intelligence, which promotes the development of an integrative medical communication system addressing the process of providing expert medical knowledge to the point of need. The model incorporates audio, video, high-resolution still images, and virtual reality applications into an integrated medical communications network. Three components of the model (care portals, Docking Station, and the bridge) are described. The implementation of this model at the East Carolina University School of Medicine is also outlined.     

头颈部精确定位摆位仪的摆位误差研究

目的:对采用头颈部精确定位摆位仪进行定位和摆位的体位重复性和摆位误差进行测量研究。方法:利用肿瘤放射治疗计划系统内的坐标系线和定位线的特点,接合颅骨茎突的特点,以右茎突尖最下面一层中心点为参考点,通过对左茎突尖最下面一层中心点、坐标系原点、肿瘤中心点等在坐标系内空间位置变化的测量,得出体位重复性和摆位误差数据。结果:坐标系原点相对于右茎突尖最下面一层中心点在三维空间的平均摆位误差是1.05 mm,肿瘤中心点相对于右茎突尖最下面一层中心点在三维空间的平均摆位误差是1.25 mm。结论:头颈部精确定位摆位仪在提高头颈部肿瘤放射治疗精度,减小放射治疗摆位误差方面效果显著,将是肿瘤"三精"放射治疗必不可少的辅助器械,值得推广。