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人工流产妇女紧急避孕知识及其影响因素 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的:了解非意愿妊娠妇女对紧急避孕知识的认知程度。方法:对本院519例接受人工流产妇女进行问卷调查。结果:有效问卷502份,81.9%的妇女有一定的紧急避孕知识,但只有65.5%的妇女曾使用过紧急避孕方法,19.1%的人工流产妇女曾有紧急避孕失败史。多数被调查对象知道的是激素类紧急避孕药(75.6%),但其中只有59.4%的被调查者知道同一周期不能2次及以上使用紧急避孕药;高达46.0%者获取紧急避孕药时未被告知如何使用。妇女的文化程度高、已婚者、曾使用过紧急避孕药及获得紧急避孕药时被告知如何使用者,紧急避孕知识较好。结论:应加强紧急避孕知识的宣教,尤其是未婚、文化程度低者,以减少意外妊娠的发生。 相似文献
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中国育龄妇女紧急避孕知晓率及其影响因素分析 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
目的:探索可能影响紧急避孕知晓率的因素。方法:通过分层整群抽样方法,对全国1 041个点共39 586名育龄妇女进行面对面访问调查,问卷由经过严格培训的调查员填写。通过应用SAS统计软件包对资料进行单因素及二分类多元Logistic回归分析。结果:通过分析,发现育龄妇女年龄、受教育程度、理想子女数、居住地区、采用的避孕方法、丈夫的年龄和民族、是否与妻子讨论避孕方法和是否参加计划生育与生殖健康方面的培训活动、避孕药物的提供、宣传品是否免费以及是否读过和读懂宣传品、宣传品中是否有有关避孕节育和是否看过计划生育录像都是紧急避孕药物知晓率的影响因素。结论:加大宣教力度是提高紧急避孕知晓率最直接和有效的方法,在宣传教育方法的采用上要考虑到当地的经济和文化水平,提高紧急避孕方法的可及性和可利用性。 相似文献
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新疆生产建设兵团育龄妇女紧急避孕知晓率及其影响因素分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的:了解兵团育龄妇女紧急避孕知晓率及其影响因素。方法:采取整群分层、四阶段、概率比例抽样方法随机抽样,共调查育龄妇女7533人;对影响紧急避孕知晓率的因素进行单因素分析和非条件Logistic逐步回归分析。结果:兵团育龄妇女的紧急避孕知晓率为47.1%,受教育程度、宣传教育状况、婚姻状况、工作性质是紧急避孕知晓率的影响因素;25.4%的对象听说过且了解紧急避孕内容。结论:应进一步加大宣传教育力度,重点关注未婚人群和少数民族妇女相关知识的获得,提高受教育程度是提高育龄妇女紧急避孕知晓率的根本途径。 相似文献
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人工流产妇女避孕知识、避孕方法使用现状及避孕失败原因初探 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的:了解人工流产妇女避孕知识及避孕方法使用现状。方法:对本院519例接受人工流产妇女进行横断面问卷调查。结果:64.9%的妇女本次妊娠是由于未采取避孕措施;35.1%的妇女本次妊娠是由于避孕失败。本次研究中,避孕套(92.7%)和避孕药(90.1%)的知晓率最高,知道避孕套如何正确使用的比率也最高(81.9%)。而避孕膜的知晓率(7.9%)和正确使用率(2.3%)均最低。在168例因避孕失败而导致本次妊娠的育龄女性中,最常用的避孕方法依次是避孕套(41.1%)、避孕药(19.1%)、紧急避孕药(14.3%)、安全期避孕(13.1%)。调查显示:婚姻状况、性伴学历、文化程度、职业、收入因素都对人工流产妇女的避孕知识和既往避孕行为产生不同程度的影响。结论:人工流产妇女对避孕知识的认知程度较低,对很多避孕方法的正确使用也知之甚少,应加强避孕知识的宣传教育,尤其是文化层次较低者和学生中,提高对意外妊娠风险的认识。 相似文献
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人工流产妇女对紧急避孕法的可接受性研究 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
目的 :了解妇女对紧急避孕法的可接受性及其影响因素 ,以采取有效措施促进其使用 ,减少人工流产。方法 :用结构式调查表 ,对上海市三所妇幼保健院的 6 0 6名人工流产妇女进行了面对面的调查。有效的调查表编码后输入计算机 ,用 SAS软件对核对后的数据进行统计分析。结果 :妇女对紧急避孕法具有较高的可接受性 ,85.5%的对象表示需要时愿意使用。可接受性的影响因素包括妇女的人口学特征 (职业、年收入 )、孕次、常用避孕方法及对紧急避孕法的了解情况和健康状况。愿意使用者中 ,82 .6 %的对象愿意使用的是紧急避孕药 ,因此多数对象 (6 0 .1 % )认为药店是获得服务的理想地点 ,原因主要是到药店方便。结论 :通过知识宣传和服务改进可促进紧急避孕法的使用。避孕知识宣传和服务咨询一定要针对对象的个体需求。通过药店提供安全可靠的紧急避孕药是目前急需解决的问题 相似文献
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紧急避孕方法 总被引:8,自引:1,他引:8
刘福阳 《中国实用妇科与产科杂志》1997,13(5):264-265
紧急避孕方法辽宁省计划生育科学研究院(110031)刘福阳紧急避孕(EC)系指无保护的性交后,妇女用以预防妊娠的方法(未避孕或避孕意外),是一种补救措施,某种意义上具临时性,这种方法可以减少非意愿性妊娠,降低人工流产率及流产死亡率。EC的历史可追溯到... 相似文献
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米非司酮用于紧急避孕 总被引:18,自引:0,他引:18
在无防护的性生活或避孕措施失败后72h内服用药物,或者5d内放置带铜宫内节育器,以避免非意愿妊娠的补救措施称紧急避孕(EmergencyContraception.EC)。紧急避孕历史悠久,至少可追溯到公元前1500年,但对其进行科学性研究是在本世纪六十年代中后期。紧急避孕的方法有服用药物和放置带钢宫内节育器,前者又包括高剂量雌激素、Yuzpe雌孕激素复合法、LNG片、53号探亲抗孕片(C。。)、丹那娃等,有的因副反应较大而较少应用。九十年代初,米非司田(Mifepristone.RU486)开始作为紧急避孕的方法应用于临床.经过近几年的临床应用研究… 相似文献
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紧急避孕的现状及发展 总被引:31,自引:1,他引:30
紧急避孕(emergencycontraception,EC)是指在无避孕或觉察到避孕措施失误的情况下,于几小时或几天内立即采用的防止意外妊娠的短效补救措施。根据世界卫生组织(WHO)的统计资料,全世界每年约有5000万例次的非意愿妊娠人工流产,其中... 相似文献
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目的:了解上海市15~24岁未婚青少年避孕知识状况及其影响因素。方法:本研究为横断面调查,于2006.05~2007.01采用多阶段抽样方法共调查15~24岁未婚青少年6 023名。调查采用匿名电子问卷,其中基本情况由调查员问填,敏感信息由青少年自填。调查内容包括对象人口学特征和避孕相关知识等。结果:在所调查的10种避孕方法中,男性知晓率较高的为避孕套(85.7%)、口服避孕药(71.3%)和紧急避孕药(45.4%);女性为避孕套(88.9%)、口服避孕药(77.9%)和手术节育(49.6%)。在男、女对象认为有效的避孕方法中,前3位依次为避孕套(男:90.9%,女:82.2%)、口服避孕药(男:58.9%,女:57.7%)和手术节育(男:46.5%,女:49.3%)。男性对象的避孕知识得分(40.9分)高于女性对象(37.3分),差别有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素分析结果显示,无论男性还是女性,年龄较大、在校学生、文化程度较高、有性经历、从男/女朋友、朋友/同伴、广播/电视、书籍、网络等途径了解过避孕相关知识、避孕知识来源途径较多的以及从较为有效的知识来源获取避孕知识的对象其避孕知识水平较高。结论:上海市未婚青少年的避孕知识水平仍有待提高,在未婚青少年性行为不断增多的情况下,应向他们提供适宜的避孕知识教育。 相似文献
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Christine Edwards Dilzayn Panjwani Ciara Pendrith Anna Ly Sheila Dunn 《Journal d'obstetrique et gynecologie du Canada》2018,40(1):41-47
Objective
Emergency contraception (EC) includes hormonal pills (levonorgestrel or ulipristal acetate) and the copper IUD (Cu-IUD). The Cu-IUD is more effective for EC than hormonal pills but remains underused, possibly because of lack of knowledge or interest. The objective of this study was to examine knowledge of and interest in the Cu-IUD for EC among Canadian women seeking EC.Methods
The study used a cross-sectional convenience survey of English-speaking women presenting for EC at two sexual health clinics in Toronto. The anonymous paper-based survey was completed in the waiting room. The main outcome measures were women’s knowledge of and interest in the Cu-IUD for EC. Demographic and reproductive health data were also collected.Results
Between January and December 2013, 124 surveys were completed. Mean age of respondents was 26 years (SD ± 6.9). Most were single (85%), and over one half had completed postsecondary education. Overall, 77% had heard of the Cu-IUD, but only 21% were aware of its use for EC. Over 50% were aware that the Cu-IUD is hormone-free and may be used for long-term contraception. Women were less familiar with the window of administration of the Cu-IUD for EC (26%) and its efficacy (6%). In total, 23% (28 of 124) of women were interested in the Cu-IUD, including eight women scheduled to receive one that day.Conclusion
Women presenting for EC were unaware of the Cu-IUD but were moderately interested in it once informed. Public education and routine counselling about the Cu-IUD at EC visits may increase the uptake of this method. 相似文献12.
《Journal of pediatric and adolescent gynecology》2016,29(6):643-647
Study Objective and DesignUnintended pregnancy rates in the United States remain high among adolescents. Emergency contraception (EC) provides the only option for pregnancy prevention after unprotected sex. To better define the population of adolescents who request and use EC pills, we performed a post hoc analysis of an over-the-counter simulation study of EC pills.SettingTeen reproductive health clinics in 5 cities.ParticipantsAdolescents between the ages of 13 and 17 years who requested EC.InterventionsSingle-tablet levonorgestrel 1.5 mg.Main Outcome MeasuresWe calculated the correlations between age and baseline sexual and contraceptive behaviors. χ2 Tests were used to compare behaviors of first-time and repeat EC users.ResultsOverall, the most commonly reported contraceptive methods ever used were condoms, oral contraceptives, none, and withdrawal; the most common method ever used in each age group was no method for 13- to 14-year-olds and condom for 15-, 16-, and 17-year-olds. The percentage of participants who had never used contraception before requesting EC decreased with age (53% [20/28] of 13- to 14-year-olds vs 15% [10/65] of 17-year-olds). First-time EC users were more likely to report no previous contraceptive use compared with repeat EC users (42% [88/208] vs 10% [13/135]; P < .001). Regardless of age, the most commonly reported reason for requesting EC was nonuse of any contraceptive method (ie, “unprotected sex”).ConclusionAdolescents who requested EC most commonly reported ever-use of contraceptive methods that rely on user adherence or no method at all, with younger adolescents more likely than older adolescents to have used no previous method. The provision of EC presents an opportunity to provide education and access to highly effective, long-term contraceptive methods. 相似文献
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三种不同剂量的米非司酮作为紧急避孕药的研究 总被引:5,自引:2,他引:3
本文对三种不同剂量的米非司酮作为紧急避孕药进行了比较研究.240例健康妇女被随机分配在三种剂量组:10mg、50mg和600mg.服药后有1例失败.此例为10mg组,同房与服药时间相距为84.5h.三组恶心与呕吐等副反应发生率基本相似.但对月经周期影响各不相同.剂量越小对月经周期的干扰越小.引起月经延迟(比预计月经迟≥4天),10mg、50mg和600mg三组分别为21例(28.4%),34例(42.5%)及45例(60%),平均延迟时间600mg组为9.8土11.1天,明显大于10mg和50mg组(2.3土0.8天,5.7±11.3天).同时在月经不同时相服药对月经干扰也不一样.在黄体期服药者延迟月经的例数多,天数长.以上结果提示,小剂量的米非司酮10mg与600mg米非司酮一样可以作为紧急避孕药使用,而且副反应小.但如何克服服用米非司酮作为紧急避孕药后月经的延迟仍是一个值得研究的问题. 相似文献
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Foster DG Harper CC Bley JJ Mikanda JJ Induni M Saviano EC Stewart FH 《American journal of obstetrics and gynecology》2004,191(1):150-156
OBJECTIVE: The State of California has taken several steps to make emergency contraceptives (ECs) available to women in the state. By using data from the 1999-2001 California Women's Health Survey, we estimated the knowledge of emergency contraception among adult women of reproductive age at risk of pregnancy (n=6209). STUDY DESIGN: This study is based on 3 years of data (1999-2001) from the California Women's Health Survey (CWHS), an annual population-based survey of more than 4000 randomly selected adult women (aged 18 years and older) in California. A total of 6198 women aged 18 to 44 responded to the 2 emergency contraception questions: "To the best of your knowledge, if a woman has unprotected sex is there anything she can do in the 3 days after intercourse that will prevent pregnancy?" and "What can she do?" RESULTS: We find that 38% of California women were able to correctly identify emergency contraception. Most importantly, the women who are most likely to need emergency contraception-those who are at risk of an unintended pregnancy but not using any method of contraception-have among the lowest levels of knowledge (only 29% identified a method of ECs). CONCLUSION: Results show that family planning providers may be reaching their clients, but broader outreach to the public has not yet achieved sufficiently high information levels among women in greatest need of the method. 相似文献