鼻石的CT诊断

目的　探讨鼻石的CT表现 ,评价CT的诊断价值。方法　回顾性分析 9例经手术病理证实的鼻石 ,均经过CT检查 ,主要临床表现包括脓涕和鼻塞。结果　 9例均为右侧鼻腔发病 ,其中7例位于下鼻道 ,2例位于中鼻道 ;2例见 2个病灶 ,其余 7例均为单发病灶 ;最大病灶约 5 0cm×3 8cm。8个病灶中心见低密度的核心 ,外围为高密度影 ,手术证实为沉积的无机盐 ,CT值均在10 0 0HU以上 ;其余 3个病灶为均匀高密度影。主要的继发改变包括上颌窦炎、鼻腔扩大、鼻中隔偏曲、鼻中隔穿孔和邻近骨质受压、变薄、硬化。结论　CT可准确显示鼻石的位置、大小、数目、密度 ,也可清晰显示其并发症 ,有助于鼻石的诊断和鉴别诊断 ,也可帮助临床选择合适的手术方式     

鼻前庭囊肿26例64层螺旋CT诊断价值

目的总结分析鼻前庭囊肿的CT表现,探讨CT的诊断价值。方法回顾分析2007年11月至2011年11月经手术病理证实的26例鼻前庭囊肿患者的临床及影像资料。结果 26例患者中共发现28个病灶,单侧24例,双侧2例;病灶最大径(1.8±0.4)cm;病灶呈圆形或类圆形;边缘清楚;囊内密度均匀,CT值(38±18)HU;邻近上颌骨均有不同程度受压凹陷改变。结论 CT检查可显示鼻前庭囊肿的位置、大小、数目,以及有无合并症,有助于明确诊断及治疗方案的选择。     

鼻前庭囊肿的CT诊断价值

目的：探讨鼻前庭囊肿的CT表现，评价CT对鼻前庭囊肿的诊断价值。方法：回顾性分析25例经手术病理证实的鼻前庭囊肿的CT及临床资料。结果：发病部位均位于鼻前庭底部皮下、犁状孔的前外方。上额骨牙槽突的浅面软组织内，其中左侧11例、右侧9冽、双侧5例。病灶无继发惑染时，边界均清楚，囊内容物均未见增强；4例继发感染囊壁增厚伴有明显强化。13例有上颌骨受压、骨质硬化及凹陷等继发改变。结论：CT可准确显示鼻中位置、大小、数目、密度及与周围结构的关系，也可清晰显示其并发症，有助于鼻前庭囊肿的诊断和鉴别诊断，对其临床诊断及治疗具有指导意义。     

双子宫畸形并巧克力囊肿CT诊断一例

患者　女 ,1 9岁。因发现下腹包块伴疼痛 2个月入院 ,痛经明显 ,经后可缓解。妇检 :外阴、宫颈正常 ,在下腹部可扪及 1 0cm× 1 0cm大小包块 ,质硬 ,可活动。CT检查所见 :盆腔两侧均可见一梭形类似子宫样软组织密度影 ,通过宫颈相连续 (图 1 )。两侧软组织影之间可见一囊性病灶 ,有完整包膜 ,约 8.0cm× 8.6cm大小 ,CT值为2 7HU ,与周围肠管粘连明显。CT诊断 :双子宫畸形并左侧巧克力囊肿。图 1　盆腔两侧均可见一梭形软组织密度影 ,边界清楚光滑 ,通过子宫颈相连 (黑箭 ) ,两软组织影之间可见一囊性病变 (白箭 )手术所见 :左侧附件见一…     

精囊腺囊肿一例

患者　男 ,4 5岁。尿频、尿急、尿痛反复发作 2年 ,再发加重 3天就诊。体检 :心肺 (- ) ,腹部无异常体征 ,尿道口可见少许脓性分泌物。实验室检查 :WBC 12 .5× 10 9/L ,N 0 .84 ,L 0 .16。前列腺液 :白细胞 (++)。尿常规 :脓细胞 (+++)。B超提示前列腺旁一囊性肿物 ,大小约 4 .0cm× 3.2cm。CT扫描示 :右侧精囊区域内可见大小 3.5cm× 2 .7cm×3.3cm囊状水样密度影 ,边缘毛糙 ,CT值约 2 .5HU。前列腺大小、形态正常 ,其内可见斑点状高密度影 ,CT值 5 0 0HU左右 (图 1)。CT诊断 :(1)右侧精囊腺囊肿 ;(2 )前列腺结石。手术及病理证实…     

甲状腺囊性腺瘤合并脓肿二例

例 1　男 ,39岁。触及右颈前肿物 1个月 ,胀痛不适 2天。局部检查无红、肿、热表现。 CT扫描 :右侧甲状腺见一 2 .4cm×2 .2 cm× 2 .0 cm类圆形结节影 ,边缘光滑清楚 ,其内密度均匀 ,CT值约 6 0 HU;周围有环状低密度带 ,CT值约 35 HU,环厚约0 .3cm(图 1)。增强扫描病灶边缘环状低密度带明显强化 ,而病灶内密度无明显改变 (图 2 )。手术所见 :甲状腺右叶结节约 3cm× 4cm,内含黄褐色脓液 ,囊性包膜厚 ,腺体与周围组织粘连。病理诊断 :甲状腺腺瘤合并感染。例 2　女 ,2 6岁。发现颈前肿物 2 0天 ,胀痛 3天。局部检查轻压痛 ,无红、肿、…     

周围型肺错构瘤的HRCT诊断

目的探讨周围型肺错构瘤的HRCT特征,并与常规胸部CT表现比较,提高诊断准确率。方法回顾性分析经手术及穿刺病理证实的15例肺错构瘤患者的CT资料。结果15例肺错构瘤发生于右肺者6例,左肺9例,均为单发,病灶大小自0.9cm×1.0cm～3.8cm×4.5cm不等。12例(80%)病灶靠近胸膜,呈圆形或椭圆形结节灶,边缘光滑清楚,多表现为均匀软组织密度,CT值平均为(39.6±13.2)HU,其中6例(40%)有脂肪成分,8例(33.3%)可见钙化。结论利用CT和HRCT可正确诊断具有一定特征表现的周围型肺错构瘤。     

激光治疗前庭大腺囊(脓)肿体会

前庭大腺囊(脓)肿是因性交、分娩或其他污染时病原体侵入前庭大腺而引起的腺导管堵塞所发生的一种常见疾病,该病治疗方法较多,常用的有前庭大腺造口术及CO2激光治疗,现将两种治疗方法及术后效果比较报告如下。临床资料1999年1月至2002年12月我院就诊的前庭大腺囊(脓)肿患者68例,随机分为:手术组即行造口术38例,激光组30例。激光组患者中6例为手术组术后复发病例。手术组年龄18～48岁,平均34±1.5岁,囊肿2.5cm×2.0cm×1.5cm～6.0cm×5.0cm×5.0cm,病程2个月至8年,造口术后复发6例。激光组患者年龄20～50岁,平均35±1.5岁,囊肿2.0cm×2.0cm…     

弥漫性黄色肉芽肿性肾盂肾炎一例

患者　男 ,2 7岁。左腰腹部胀痛半个月伴恶心、呕吐、食欲不振、乏力 ,偶有尿频和排尿困难。左肾区叩击痛 ,左上腹部轻压痛。尿培养 :大肠杆菌 (+)。B超提示左肾下极占位性病变。CT检查 :平扫 (图 1)显示左肾外形增大 ,肾盂扩大积水 ,其下部见多个囊状等、低密度灶 ,境界不清 ,CT值 16～40HU ,肾前、后筋膜增厚 ;病灶向前越过肾前筋膜形成一6 .0cm× 8.0cm× 5 .0cm大小等、低密度灶 ,CT值 5～ 35HU。肠管被推移位。病灶向内侵犯腰大肌 ,使腰大肌肿大 ,上下累及长达 12cm。增强扫描 (图 2 )显示左肾下部实质内病灶约 6 .5cm× 5 .0cm×…     

卵巢纤维瘤CT诊断二例

例 1　女 ,39岁。因体检发现右下腹包块 3天入院。妇检 :子宫右侧触及一约 7.0cm× 5 .0cm大小包块 ,质硬 ,表面光滑 ,活动度差。血CA12 5、199均为阴性。CT平扫示右附件区一混杂密度肿块 ,大小约 7.0cm× 6 .5cm× 5 .0cm ,为软组织密度伴大量不规则钙化 ,CT值 4 5 .4HU、74 8HU ,与子宫右壁及直肠前壁间分界不清 (图 1)。增强扫描非钙化区有中度强化 ,CT值 78.8HU ,少量腹水 (图 2 )。手术见少量腹水呈淡黄色 ,右卵巢肿块约 8.0cm× 6 .0cm× 5 .0cm大小 ,包膜完整 ,实性质硬 ,与直肠前壁粘连。病理诊断 :右卵巢纤维瘤。例 2　女 ,5…     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.