Fas介导的细胞凋亡在结肠癌发生机制中的作用

目的　Fas介导的细胞凋亡在结肠癌发生机制中的作用。方法　采用流式细胞学方法测定不同组织Fas基因蛋白表达 ,结果　正常结肠组织Fas表达阳性率为 (12 17± 3 6 8) % ,结肠癌组织Fas表达明显低于正常结肠粘膜及良性病变 (P <0 0 1) ,炎症组织Fas基因表达则高于正常粘膜 ,Fas表达还与肿瘤的分化程度有关 (P <0 0 5)。结论　Fas介导的细胞凋亡在结肠癌发生过程中起着重要作用     

乳腺癌干细胞的研究现况

乳腺癌是当今严重危害女性健康及生命的头号杀手,目前有多项研究认为乳腺癌起源于乳腺癌干细胞。乳腺癌干细胞理论的提出较为合理地解释了乳腺癌的根源、复发及转移等生物学行为,为根治乳腺癌提供了一个新的方向。     

Eating Earlier and More Frequently Is Associated With Better Diet Quality in Female Brazilian Breast Cancer Survivors Using Tamoxifen

BackgroundEmerging literature demonstrates that eating time and frequency are associated with quality and quantity of food consumption and anthropometric measurements. Considering that unhealthy dietary choices and obesity are important modifiable risk factors for breast cancer incidence and recurrence, this subject is relevant and has not been studied sufficiently in breast cancer survivors.ObjectiveThis study’s aim was to examine the association of eating time and frequency with diet quality, quantity of food consumption, anthropometric measurements, and body composition parameters in female breast cancer survivors using tamoxifen.DesignThis was a cross-sectional study.Participants/settingThis study was conducted from March 2015 to March 2016 at a Brazilian university hospital (Clinic’s Hospital, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil) and included an assessment of 84 female breast cancer survivors using tamoxifen (mean [SD] age was 53.1 [8.7] years).Main outcome measuresQuantitative dietary assessment consisted of three 24-hour dietary recalls. The Brazilian Healthy Eating Index Revised was used for the qualitative diet analysis. Participants were classified by median eating time (early or late eaters of breakfast, lunch, and dinner), as well as by considering the middle time point between the first and last meal of the day (early or late midpoint eaters). Participants were also classified by median eating frequency (<5 or ≥5 eating episodes per day). Anthropometric measurements and body fat percentage by bioelectrical impedance were obtained.Statistical analysisGeneralized linear models and generalized mixed models were used to assess the associations between variables.ResultsEarly breakfast and dinner eating and early midpoint eating were associated with better scores for specific Brazilian Healthy Eating Index Revised components (P < .05). Early breakfast and dinner eating were also associated with better scores for the total index (P = .035 and P = .017, respectively). Early dinner eaters and early midpoint eaters had significantly lower daily energy consumption (P = .007 and P = .002, respectively). Eating ≥5 episodes per day was also associated with better scores of specific Brazilian Healthy Eating Index Revised components and the total index (P < .05). No significant associations between eating time and frequency with anthropometric measurements and body composition parameters were found (P > .05). However, women in the healthy body mass index category vs women in the overweight/obesity category had higher energy consumption at breakfast (P = .046).ConclusionsEarlier food intake time was associated with better diet quality and lower daily energy consumption. Higher frequency of eating was also associated with better diet quality. Future studies, such as randomized controlled trials, are needed to evaluate interventions addressing the timing and frequency of meals and their effect on diet quality and quantity in breast cancer survivors.     

去甲斑蝥素联合ABT-737对宫颈癌细胞增殖及凋亡的影响

目的：研究去甲斑蝥素（norcantharidin,NCTD）联合ABT-737对宫颈癌细胞增殖及凋亡的影响。方法：采用四甲基偶氮唑盐（MTT）法检测NCTD单药或联合ABT-737对宫颈癌细胞株HeLa、SiHa增殖的影响;采用流式细胞术分析NCTD联合ABT-737对宫颈癌细胞凋亡的影响。结果：NCTD单药能够显著抑制宫颈癌细胞株HeLa、SiHa的增殖,抑制作用呈剂量依赖性。NCTD与ABT-737联用后抑制作用明显增强。1 μmol/L ABT、60 μmol/L NCTD及两药联用诱导HeLa细胞的凋亡率分别为（31.65±7.75）%、（40.34±14.52）%和（63.03±10.90）%,诱导SiHa细胞的凋亡率分别为（9.76±0.04）%、（22.04±3.03）%和（58.36±2.31）%。NCTD、ABT两药联合的促凋亡作用比单药显著增强（P＜0.05）。结论：NCTD单药在体外能够明显抑制宫颈癌细胞HeLa、SiHa的增殖,与ABT-737联用后抑制增殖和促凋亡作用更加显著。     

ER和PR的检测在乳腺癌患者治疗中的意义

笔者综述了乳腺癌患者肿瘤细胞内全部或部分保留正常乳腺细胞的雌激素受体（ER）和孕激素受体（PR）的存在情况;乳腺癌分化与ER,PR的关系;以及通过肿瘤细胞ER,PR存在量的检测,决定可否应用三苯氧胺（TAM）药物进行内分泌辅助治疗;内分泌治疗的目的是阻止ER,PR与激素结合,阻止相应基因的转录,DBA合成和癌细胞生长,从而降低乳腺癌的复发率和死亡率,并提高术后5a生存率．     

微小RNA-21在乳腺癌细胞中的作用

目的：探讨微小RNA（miR）-21在乳腺癌细胞（MCF7）中的作用。方法：对MCF7细胞转染miR-21,采用免疫组织化学法检测转染后程序性细胞凋亡4（PDCD4）表达;用噻唑蓝（MTT）比色法测转染miR-21后MCF7细胞增殖;流式细胞术检测转染后MCF7细胞凋亡。结果：经免疫组织化学检测,转染组未见染色,对照组细胞胞质呈棕褐色,转染组PDCD4的表达明显低于对照组,MTT法检测转染组细胞活力增加（P〈0.05）。转染组的凋亡率为（3.14±0.24）%,明显低于空白组、空质粒组的（8.04±0.02）%、（9.41±0.53）%,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论：PDCD4是miR-21的靶基因之一,miR-21的高表达可促进乳腺癌的发展。     

锌对乳癌细胞生长,增殖与基因表达的影响

应用细胞培养技术、图象细胞分析仪（ＩＣＭ）和分子杂交的Ｎｏｒｔｈｅｒｎ Ｂｌｏｔ法研究锌对中国人乳癌细胞株ＢＣａＰ－３７的生长、增殖和基因表达的影响。生长曲线结果显示，血浆生理浓度（２０．０μｍｏｌ／Ｌ的锌对细胞生长没有显著抑制作用（Ｐ〉０．０５），而两组高浓度的锌（４００．０μｍｏｌ／Ｌ，７００．０μｍｏｌ／Ｌ）对细胞生长具有显著抑制作用（Ｐ〈０．０１），抑制率为２４．１２％－９８．００％，并伴     

保乳手术加放疗治疗早期乳腺癌的初步研究

目的 研究保留乳房手术加放疗治疗早期乳腺癌的可行性和推广这种术式的可能性。方法1999-11～2001-10，对临床Ⅰ，Ⅱ期乳腺癌病人，实施了保乳手术。术前检查明确有无手术指征，按自愿选择的原则采用保乳手术。原发灶做局部广泛切除，术后常规行根治性放疗。于放疗前和放疗后分别评价保乳手术的美容效果。结果共实施保乳手术18例，占同期乳腺癌手术病人的10．2％。肿瘤直径0．3～3．0cm，术后病理分期0期4例，I期12例，Ⅱ期2例。象限切除 腋窝淋巴结清扫(axilary lymph node dissection，ALND)7例，区段切除 腋窝淋巴结清扫8例，单纯区段切除3例。18例病人中，有1例放疗后美容效果不理想。全部病例随访来发现复发和转移。结论乳腺癌保乳手术美容效果良好，放疗对乳房外形无明显影响，保乳手术加放疗，可显著提高乳腺癌患者生活质量。     

叶酸缺乏对HBL-100和MCF-7细胞凋亡的影响

目的:测定叶酸缺乏对人乳腺细胞HBL-100和乳腺癌细胞MCF-7凋亡的影响.方法:将HBL-100和MCF-7细胞在叶酸缺乏的培养液(实验组)和正常培养液(对照组)中培养30d,用电镜和流式细胞仪测定叶酸缺乏对HBL-100和MCF-7细胞凋亡的影响.结果:HBL-100细胞在两种培养液中生长30d后,观察结果显示叶酸缺乏可引起HBL-100细胞凋亡增高,而对MCF-7细胞凋亡率则无影响.结论:叶酸缺乏可增加HBL-100细胞的凋亡率.     

乳腺托架在乳腺癌术后放疗的应用

目的观察乳腺托架在乳腺癌放疗的应用价值。方法对2005年6月至2009年6月接受放射治疗的乳腺癌患者127例．应用乳腺托架进行定位及放疗。结果一次摆位成功率达到85．6％,二次摆位成功率为14．4％,摆位总成功率为100％。结论在乳腺癌患者放疗时使用乳腺托架,使用方便,能明显提高患者摆位的稳定性和重复性,减少摆位误差。