hCG抗原／缓释微球对C57小鼠免疫应签的研究

本文描述了常规免疫ｈＣＧ和一次性接种ｈＣＧ／缓释微球对Ｃ５７ＢＬ小鼠产生免疫应签的比较研究，对它们所产生的ｈＣＧ血清作了三种参数的比较：１．抗ｈＣＧ血清效价的动态变化；２．抗体在体内体外中和ｈＣＧ血清活性的能力；３．抗原抗体亲和常数的测定。     

C_（57）反应BL小鼠和家兔对hCG免疫应答反应的比较性研究

本文采用福氏性剂和Ａｌ（ＯＨ）３，对Ｃ５７ＢＬ小鼠和家兔进行了ｈＣＧ免疫应答反应的比较研究。对它们产生的ｈＣＧ抗血清作了四种参数的比较：（１）效价的动态变化，（２）中和ｈＣＧ生物活力的作用，（３）抑制睾丸匀浆液微粒部分对１２５Ｉ－ｈＣＧ结合的影响，（４）亲和常数的测定。结果表明，它们对上述四种参数的变化，基本上是类似的．相应的，或者是完全可以比较的。因此，Ｃ５７ＢＬ小鼠，像家兔一样，可以作为ＨＣＧ免疫应答反应的动物模型。     

hCGβ-C3d3融合蛋白免疫BALB/c小鼠及其抗血清对hCG诱导鼠子宫增重的抑制效应

目的:通过分子佐剂C3d3增强hCGb避孕疫苗的免疫原性。方法:采用分子生物学技术以phCMV1为载体分别构建分泌型、带有6个组氨酸纯化标签的真核表达质粒phCMV1-6His-hCGb-C3d3和phCMV1-6His-hCGb,在CHO细胞中获得稳定、高效表达的重组蛋白,并用镍柱和凝胶过滤层析对其进行分离、纯化。分别用hCGb-C3d3融合蛋白和单用hCGb间隔4周两次免疫生育期雌性BALB/c小鼠,ELISA测定血清中抗hCGb抗体滴度,并对各组小鼠产生的抗血清拮抗hCG诱导的小鼠子宫增重效应进行比较。结果:C3d3使hCGb蛋白疫苗的免疫原性增强1 995倍,hCGb-C3d3融合蛋白免疫小鼠产生的抗血清具有很强的抑制小鼠子宫增重作用。结论:通过分子佐剂C3d3可以大幅提高机体对hCGb的体液免疫应答能力,hCGb-C3d3融合蛋白免疫小鼠产生的抗血清对hCG的生物学作用具有更强的抑制效应。     

可生物降解的聚氨基酸—甾体药物缓释微球

本文报道了由亮氨酸-谷氨苄酯共聚物制备的18-甲基炔诺酮缓释微球。研究表明,载体聚氨基酸的化学结构对生物降解性有显著的影响;该缓释系统体外释药规律基本符合Higuchi 方程式,释药量和释药速度取决于载体聚合物的化学结构和药球球径。     

可生物降解的聚氨基酸—甾体药物缓释微球

本文报道了由亮氨酸-谷氨苄酯共聚物制备的18-甲基炔诺酮缓释微球。研究表明,载体聚氨基酸的化学结构对生物降解性有显著的影响;该缓释系统体外释药规律基本符合Higuchi 方程式,释药量和释药速度取决于载体聚合物的化学结构和药球球径。     

丙氨瑞林缓释微球注射剂对子宫内膜异位症大鼠垂体LH细胞的影响

采用大鼠子宫内膜异位症动物模型,观察ＬＨＲＨ类似物丙氨瑞林缓释微球注射剂（ＬＨＲＨＡｍｓ）对异位内膜的抑制作用及对垂体促黄体细胞（ＬＨ细胞）的形态学影响。结果显示,ＬＨＲＨＡｍｓ剂量为１００μｇ／ｋｇ／ｄ时,对大鼠异位内膜有明显抑制,可达“药物性去卵巢”作用,使大鼠垂体ＬＨ细胞呈现特征性改变：胞体明显变小,呈明显的不规则状,内含颗粒减少,胞质内液泡消失。当剂量达到２００μｇ／ｋｇ／ｄ时,子宫内膜抑制率及垂体ＬＨ细胞形态特征均无相应改变,可能是药物达最大作用后,下丘脑垂体卵巢轴对药物的反应性下降或消失所致。     

重组人绒毛膜促性腺激素β-亚基对C57BL小鼠免疫应答反应及抗血清特征的研究

采用福氏性剂，对C57BL小鼠进行重组hCGβ和天然hCGβ免疫应签反应的比较研究，结果表明：两者引发的抗血清性质相似，与hCG有较高的亲和力（K（γβ）≈5．86×108／mol／L，Kaβ≈8．18×108／mol／L）；抗血清能有效地抑制（125）I－hCG与睾丸受体的结合，结果提示重组hCGβ抗血清与天然hCGβ抗血清相似，具有中和hCG的生物活性能力，重组hCGβ可作为免疫避孕疫苗的抗原。     

HPV16 E6/E7与结核杆菌HSP70 N端重组DNA免疫对BALB/C小鼠免疫应答的影响

目的 :探讨HPV16 (人乳头状瘤病毒 16 )E6 /E7(原癌基因E6 /E7型 )以及与HSP70N端重组DNA免疫小鼠后 ,小鼠体内免疫应答的变化。方法 :以HPV16E6 /E7为基础的DNA疫苗免疫小鼠 ,并经酶联免疫吸附实验 (ELISA)及逆转录聚合酶链反应 (RT PCR)技术检测小鼠脾淋巴细胞产生的TH1/TH型细胞因子及血清抗体。结果 :HPV16DNA疫苗免疫组小鼠 ,其脾淋巴细胞IL 2及IFNγ的分泌量明显较对照组增加 (P <0 0 1) ;HPV16E6 /E7与HSP70N端重组后疫苗免疫小鼠 ,E6 HSP70N组产生的IFNγ量比重组前高 (P <0 0 1) ,其余重组组产生的IFNγ量及所有重组组产生的IL 2均较重组前低 (P <0 0 1) ,而各重组组产生的抗体水平较重组前低 (P <0 0 5 )或无明显差异 (P >0 0 5 )。结论 :以HPV16E6 /E7为基础的DNA疫苗能增强小鼠的细胞免疫反应 ,对体液免疫几乎无影响。HPV16E6 /E7与结核杆菌HSP70N端重组后的疫苗与重组前比较不增强细胞免疫反应 ,不影响体液免疫反应。     

Efficacy of Low-Dose Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG) in a GnRH Antagonist Protocol

Purpose: To examine the efficacy of low-dose hCG using a GnRH antagonist protocol. Methods: Prospective randomized study was performed at the Kyono Ladies Clinic. One hundred ninety-two women (<40 –years old, <3 previous cycles) were randomly assigned to GnRH agonist (buserelin) long protocol (LP, n = 66), GnRH antagonist (cetrorelix) with no low-dose hCG protocol (NhCGP, n = 63), or GnRH antagonist with low-dose hCG protocol (hCGP, n = 63). Results: The hCGP was associated with reduced total amounts of FSH, increased oocyte maturation rate, high-quality day 3 embryos rate, and number of frozen embryos. Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) tended to be lower in the GnRH antagonist protocol. Pregnancy and implantation rates did not differ significantly between study groups. Conclusions: Daily low-dose hCG supplementation in the late follicular phase could improve the outcome in FSH based-GnRH antagonist protocol. This protocol, however, does require further modifications, including determination of the optimal doses for hCG and gonadotropin pretreatment.     

人重组γ－干扰素（hrIFN－γ）对人胎盘滋养层hCG分泌和蜕膜蛋白质合成的影响

研究证明人重组γ－干扰素（ｈｒＩＦＮ－γ）对人胎盘滋养层组织绒毛膜促性腺激素（ｈＣＧ）和蜕膜组织蛋白质合成在体外实验中均有抑制作用。结果指出ｈｒＩＦＮ－γ在剂量为２５０Ｕ／ｍｌ培液和２５００Ｕ／ｍｌ培液时明显地抑制滋养层组织ｈＣＧ分泌，与对照组比较Ｐ值分别为０．０５和０．０１，并呈剂量相关反应，同时ｈｒＩＦＮ－γ在剂量范围为１０Ｕ～１０００Ｕ／ｍｌ培液时，明显抑制蜕膜蛋白质合成３Ｈ亮氨酸掺入的ｃｐｍ值，在对照组和实验组之间无论是细胞内或是分泌蛋白都有明显差别（Ｐ＜０．０５），而且抑制作用呈剂量相关反应，ＩＦＮ－γ抗血清能阻断其抑制作用，但ＩＦＮ－α对蜕膜组织蛋白质合成无作用。     

The role of Sep (O-phosphoserine) tRNA: Sec (selenocysteine) synthase (SEPSECS) in proliferation,apoptosis and hormone secretion of trophoblast cells

Objectives

To investigate whether Sep (O-phosphoserine) tRNA: Sec (selenocysteine) synthase (SEPSECS), which plays an essential role in the synthesis of selenoprotein, affects proliferation, apoptosis and hormone secretion of human trophoblast cells.

Methods

Human trophoblast JEG-3 cells were divided into four groups: control group, SEPSECS silenced-expression group, empty vector group and SEPSECS over-expression group. Over-expression and silenced-expression were achieved by transfection with plasmid DNA or RNA oligonucleotide, respectively. 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl] -2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and colony formation assays were performed to investigate cell proliferation, while apoptosis was tested by annexin V-FITC, PI double staining and caspases-3 activation assays, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to determine the level of progesterone (PG) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG).

Results

SEPSECS silenced-expression clearly inhibited proliferation of JEG-3 cells (p < 0.05), significantly induced cell apoptosis (p < 0.01) and reduced the production of PG and hCG (p < 0.05). On the contrary, SEPSECS over-expression significantly promoted both cell proliferation (p < 0.01) and secretion of PG and hCG (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

SEPSECS significantly affects proliferation, apoptosis and hormone secretion of human trophoblast cells, suggesting that a potential relationship exists among SEPSECS, cell proliferation, apoptosis and hormone production of human placental trophoblast cells. Furthermore, this may provide a clue to uncover the relationship between selenium and human placental in association with an emphasis on the importance of selenium adequacy during pregnancy.     

Timing of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) hormone administration in IVF/ICSI protocols using GnRH agonist or antagonists: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Objective: To evaluate the effect of altering the timing of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) administration on the clinical outcome of in vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) using gonadotropic hormone releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist or antagonist.

Methods: We systematically searched six databases. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of the effects of altering the timing of hCG administration on the clinical outcome of IVF and ICSI using GnRH agonist or antagonist were included. A meta-analysis was conducted following a quality evaluation performed with Cochrane Collaboration’s Review Manager (RevMan) 5.0.2.

Results: Seven RCTs and a total of 1295 participants were included. Significant difference was observed regarding estradiol and progesterone levels on the day of hCG administration and oocyte retrieval between early hCG and late hCG administration group and in favor of the latter. The fertilization rate was not statistically different between early and 24-h late hCG groups, but it is significantly higher in the 48-h late hCG group. The pooled results showed no significant differences in the ongoing pregnancy rate per oocyte pick-up, the miscarriage rate and the live birth rate.

Conclusion: The prolongation of follicular phase by delaying hCG administration could increase estradiol, progesterone levels and oocyte retrieval, which will not influence ongoing pregnancy rate per oocyte pick-up, miscarriage rate and live birth rate. Postponing hCG may enable increased flexibility of cycle scheduling to avoid weekend procedures.     

子宫动脉栓塞术治疗子宫腺肌病76例疗效观察

目的:探讨子宫动脉栓塞术治疗子宫腺肌病的临床疗效.方法:用海藻酸钠微球(KMC)行子宫动脉栓塞术治疗76例子宫腺肌病患者,术后1月,3月,6月观察月经量、痛经程度、子宫大小、子宫动脉阻力指数(RI)的变化以及对卵巢功能的影响.结果:术后1月,3月,6月随访观察,患者痛经减轻(P＜0.01),月经量明显减少(P＜0.05),子宫体积不同程度缩小,术后3月平均缩小25.37%(P＜0.05),6月平均缩小39.86%(P＜0.01);RI显著下降(P＜0.01),内分泌激素FSH、LH、E2水平与术前相比无明显变化(P＞0.05).结论:子宫动脉栓塞术治疗子宫腺肌病近期疗效显著,安全性好.     

Use of micro-dose human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) after clomiphene citrate (CC) to complete folliculogenesis in previous CC-resistant anovulation

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of low-dose human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) in the late follicular phase to induce ovulation and its endocrine response in patients who had previously failed to ovulate on clomiphene citrate (CC) alone. DESIGN: A total of 67 patients from a private tertiary infertility clinic, who had produced a dominant follicle 12 mm or larger but 20 mm or smaller on a prior CC cycle at 100 mg but had failed to ovulate, were prospectively randomly assigned to groups. Group 1 repeated the 100 mg dose of CC but started a 200 IU hCG intramuscular injection daily when the largest follicle was 12 mm or larger mean diameter. Group 2 received a 150 mg dose of CC and both groups were monitored with transvaginal ultrasound and serum levels of E 2 , P 4 , and testosterone. Ultrasound measurements of follicle number and growth, ovulation, pregnancy rates, and serum hormonal levels were recorded and compared between the 2 groups. Analysis of variance and Student t test were used for statistical significance. RESULTS: The low-dose hCG group had significantly higher percentage of ovulatory cycles (57% vs 7% P < .001), peak E 2 levels (378 pg/mL vs 125 pg/mL P < .01), and pregnancy rates (18% vs 0% P < .001). This group showed no evidence of premature leutinization from the hCG with preovulatory P 4 levels less than 1.0 ng/mL and a slight increase in androgen levels. CONCLUSION: The use of micro-dose hCG after CC in the late follicular phase results in continued follicle growth, increased E 2 levels, ovulation, and pregnancies. This treatment offers an efficient and cost-effective alternative before gonadotropin therapy for this type of patient.     

控制性超促排卵中卵巢低反应诊断标准研究进展

控制性超促排卵中卵巢低反应是困扰临床医生的一个难题,目前国内外对卵巢低反应的诊断标准尚未达成共识。本文将从年龄、生殖发育调节因子、促性腺激素(Gn)用量、hCG注射日优势卵泡数、窦卵泡数及获卵数等方面对控制性超促排卵中卵巢低反应诊断标准进行综述。