小儿外伤性基底节区腔隙性脑梗塞的CT与临床

目的：研究小儿外伤性基底节区腔隙性脑梗塞的临床与CT表现。探计其形成的机理、CT诊断价值及预后。方法：对10例有明确颅外伤史，临床上主要表现为偏瘫、癫痫等症状的小儿均作头颅CT平扫。结果：10制均为单发腔隙性脑梗塞，其中3例双侧基底节区有小钙化灶。结论：小儿外伤性基底节区腔隙性脑梗塞产生的机理可能是脑外伤引起脑血管痉挛性闭塞所致脑缺血性坏死。CT扫描对其诊断的确立和估计预后有重要价值。     

小儿轻型颅脑损伤并发基底节区腔隙性脑梗塞8例

我科自1994年6月-1999年2月共收治经CT证实的小儿轻型颅脑损伤并发基底节区腔隙性脑梗塞8例,现报告如下。临床资料1一般资料本组男性6例,女性2例;年龄7个月～14岁。受伤原因：跌伤4例,车祸伤2例,坠落伤五例,打击伤1例。均于伤后1～3天出现梗塞症状。2临床表现伤后无昏迷5例,短暂意识障碍3例。格拉斯哥昏迷分度表（GCS评分均在13一15分,属于轻型颅脑损伤。头痛呕吐7例,偏瘫5例,单瘫3例,失语2例,偏身感觉障碍1例,脑膜刺激征阳性者2例。3辅助检查全组病例均在受伤后2一5天内行颅脑Ch检查,结果发现梗塞灶位于单侧基底节区7例,…     

儿童外伤性腔隙性脑梗塞的CT诊断

目的　探讨CT对外伤性腔隙性脑梗塞的诊断价值及其特征。方法　对 2 6例颅脑外伤后临床主要表现为不同程度偏瘫患儿行横断CT扫描。结果　外伤性腔隙性脑梗塞好发于基底节内囊区 ,均位于豆状核、尾状核和内囊区 ,呈斑片腔隙性低密度影。结论　CT对外伤性腔隙性脑梗塞的诊断、评估病变的程度及其预后有重要价值     

外伤性脑梗塞的CT诊断

目的：探讨外伤性脑梗塞的分型与ＣＴ表现。方法：分析３５例外伤性脑梗塞的临床与ＣＴ表现。结果：根据其临床和ＣＴ表现分为二型：Ⅰ型（２１例）,轻微外伤型;Ⅱ型（１４例）,严重外伤型。Ⅰ型见于小儿,特别是婴儿,外伤轻微,ＣＴ表现为基底节区腔隙性梗塞灶,８１％（１７／２１）双侧豆状核点状钙化灶。Ⅱ型多见于成人,小儿少见,有严重的颅脑损伤,ＣＴ表现为基底节区或／和脑叶梗塞及颅脑损伤的征象,如脑内水肿,挫伤和颅内血肿等。结论：ＣＴ对外伤性脑梗塞有很大的诊断价值,两型可能有不同的发生机制,Ⅰ型主要是潜在性血管病变及血管痉挛所致,Ⅱ型主要与血管的损伤和受压有关     

成人外伤性脑腔隙性梗死的CT诊断

目的：了解成人外伤性脑腔隙性梗死毋特点。方法：分析15例外伤性脑腔隙性硬死的CT表现。结果：成人外伤性脑腔隙性梗死常继发干颅脑外伤，CT表现为基底节区腔隙性梗死或脑叶内点状梗死，可伴脑水肿和颅内血肿等颅脑损伤征象。结论：CT对外伤性脑腔隙性梗死的诊断有重要价值。     

小儿外伤性脑血管闭塞(附10例报告)

目的：研究小儿外伤性脑血管闭塞的临床与ＣＴ表现。探讨其形成的机理及ＣＴ诊断价值。方法：对１０例有明确颅外伤及伤后肢体偏瘫等体征的幼儿进行了ＣＴ扫描观察并记录。结果：２例正常，１例大面积脑梗塞、７例腔隙性脑梗塞（１例于丘脑、６例于内囊）。结论：外伤性腔隙性脑梗塞在幼儿中常见，而且大部分病变都发生在内囊（６∶１）。其产生的机理可能是脑外伤引起脑血管痉挛性闭塞所致脑缺血性坏死。ＣＴ扫描对其诊断的确立具有重要价值     

基底节区脑梗塞

本文报告经CT扫描证实的基底节区脑梗塞52例。其中腔隙性脑梗塞44例,出血性脑梗塞8例。文内讨论了脑梗塞的病因及CT扫描和临床的表现。     

外伤性腔隙性脑梗塞的CT诊断

探讨ＣＴ在外伤性腔隙性脑梗塞诊断中的价值及其特征。材料与方法对３６例头颈外伤后,临床上主要表现为不同程度的偏瘫患者均行横位ＣＴ扫描。结果外伤性腔隙性脑梗塞好于基底节－内囊区,均位于豆状核、尾状核及内囊区,呈小片腔隙性低密度影响。结论ＣＴ扫描检查对外伤性脑梗塞的准确诊断,估计病变程度,预后及法医学鉴定及肯定价值。     

小儿外伤性腔隙性脑梗塞的CT诊断

目的：探讨CT在外伤性腔隙性脑梗塞诊断中的价值及其特征。方法：对15例头颅外伤后，临床上主要表现为不同程度的偏瘫患者均为横断位CT扫描，。结果：外伤性腔隙脑梗塞好发于基底节内囊区，均位于豆状核、尾状核及内囊区，呈小片腔隙性低密度影，结论：CT扫描对外伤性脑梗塞的准确诊断、估计病变程度，预后有肯定价值。     

螺旋CT平扫在腔隙性脑梗塞诊断中的应用价值

目的：探讨螺旋CT平扫在腔隙性脑梗塞诊断中的应用价值。方法：回顾性分析本院螺旋CT扫描,分别采用5 mm及10 mm不同层厚观察临床及其它检查诊断为腔隙性脑梗塞病例200例。结果：5 mm层厚扫描100例,诊断为腔隙性脑梗塞95例,共发现病灶120个;10 mm层厚扫描100例,诊断腔隙性脑梗塞50例,发现病灶51个。结论：螺旋CT、5 mm以下层厚扫描是诊断腔隙性脑梗塞的可靠方法。     

Optimization of the system of medical service of students of Cadet Schools of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation

One of the factors of the successful military career guidance Cadet schools students is preserving and promoting their health. Medical support of children and adolescents aged 10-17 years should include the full range of medical and preventive measures defined for this group. The state of providing outpatient care for pupils at the Cadet School in St. Petersburg was studied. These results show that full medical care in accordance with the standards can be based only on children's health clinics. It is important that the organization of medical support pupils cadet schools should be cooperate with civilian health care.     

带状疱疹83例误诊原因分析

带状疱疹是由水痘—带状疱疾病毒引起的皮肤科常见疾病。其主要的病理损害,一是受累神经的严重炎症性浸润,继而导致受侵犯神经节内神经细胞变性、坏死;二是皮肤的水泡。迅速抑制神经节和相应的感觉神经纤维的充血、水肿和坏死,防止粘连形成,达到迅速镇痛、改善皮损,缩短病程及防止后遗症的发生是治疗的关键。因而,尽早明确诊断,     

Estimation of accumulated dose of radiation by method of ESR-spectrometry of dental enamel of mammals

ESR-spectrometry was used to investigate radiation-induced paramagnetic centers in enamel of mammals: carnivores (polar bear and fox), ungulates (reindeer, European bison, moose), and man. Values at half the microwave power saturation of the radiation signal, P_1/2, evaluated at room temperature, was found to range from 16 to 26 mW for animals and man. A new approach to discrimination of the radiation induced signal from the total ESR spectrum of reindeer enamel is proposed. ‘Dose-response’ dependencies of enamel of different species mammals were measured within the dose range from 0.48 up to 10.08 Gy. Estimations of ‘radiosensitivity’ enamel of carnivores and ungulates showed good agreement with radiosensitivity enamel of man by ESR method.     

Analysis of the results of the international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of Fe

The results of an international comparison of activity measurements of a solution of ⁵⁵Fe organized by the BIPM in 2005 are reported and analysed. This exercise, which follows the procedures of the CIPM mutual recognition arrangement to update older comparisons, is a renewal of the comparison organized by the BIPM that took place in 1978. A EUROMET comparison was organized in 1996 specifically to compare activity measurements of a ⁵⁵Fe solution by means of liquid-scintillation techniques. Results of these three comparisons are presented and discussed in this paper.

The radionuclide solution was provided by the NPL, which also distributed the samples to the participants. The activity of the ampoules was measured by 16 laboratories using 12 methods producing 25 results. Some general considerations on uncertainty assessments pertaining to the different techniques used are drawn. The outcome of four different estimators is compared from which the presence of at least one outlier can be confirmed. Further measurements should be made to try to reduce the discrepancy between the results. To date the outcome of the present comparison does not show an improvement to that of the 1996 comparison.     

Evaluation of the results of various technics of non-surgical therapy of varicocele

A new method of non-surgical treatment of varicocele syndrome is described: it consists in sclerotherapy of spermatic vein by trans-femoral percutaneous catheterization with balloon-catheters. In 8 cases venous thrombosis has been induced by direct electric clotting. The techniques and a 6 months follow-up are discussed. It is pointed out that this procedure should be considered as the method of choice for tubular lesions and sub-fertility prophylaxis in young people and in childhood.     

延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因分析

目的探讨延迟性脾破裂误漏诊原因和预防措施.方法回顾性分析总结12例延迟性脾破裂中的诊断和误漏诊的经验与教训.结果本组延迟性脾破裂的误漏诊5例(41.66%).对多发伤与脾破裂并存可能认识不足,外伤史轻微或伤员隐瞒外伤史,缺乏腹痛-缓解-突然再腹痛的典型病史,缺乏“对冲性脾破裂”力学分析和整体化诊断思路等为其误漏诊的主要原因.结论详细的外伤史和全面系统检查,重视腹以外多发伤掩盖腹内脏器伤及延迟性脾破裂可能.确立外伤-腹内脏器伤-脾破裂整体化诊断思路.不间断地辅以B超检查脾形态学变化和腹内有无积液,腹腔穿刺确定有无血腹、X线胸腹部检查观察左侧胸肋角和膈肌运动情况、必要时CT检查以尽早发现脾包膜下血肿,降低延迟性脾破裂误漏诊率.