高效液相色谱法同时测定脂溢酊3号中2组分的含量

目的：研究HPLC法测定脂溢酊3号中氯霉素和水杨的酸的含量的方法及条件,方法：采用C18色谱柱,流动相为甲醇－0.025mol.L^-1磷酸二氢钠溶液（40：60,v/v）,检测波长为278nm,结果：氯霉素的线性范围为30－70ug.ml^-1,r=0.9999,回收率100．65％,RSD＝0．73％,水杨酸的线性范围为60－140ug.ml^-1,r=0.9996,回收率100．40％,RSD＝0．71％,结论：该方法简,准确,可同时测定溶液中氯霉素和水杨酸的含量。     

HPLC法测定消炎止痒酊中氯霉素和地塞米松含量

目的：采用HPLC测定消炎止痒酊中氯霉素和地塞米松的含量，方法：采用C18柱，流动相为甲醇－水（75：25v/v).检测波长氯毒素为278nm，地塞米松240nm，结果：氯霉素在100－500ug.ml^-1浓度范围内，回归方程A＝27614＋4627C,r=0.997,回收率98．9％，RSD＝0．43％，地塞米松在30－150ug.ml^-1浓度范围内，峰面积与浓度呈线性关系，回归方程A＝4092＋20148C，r=0.9998，回收率99．1％，RSD＝0．38％，结论；该方法可用于消炎止痒酊中氯霉素和地塞米松的含量测定。     

HPLC法测定复方替硝唑漱口液中替硝唑和呋喃西林的含量

目的：建立测定复方替硝唑嗽口液中替硝唑，呋喃西林含量的高效液相色谱法，方法：采用反相ODS色谱柱，水－乙腈－冰醋酸（85：15：0．1）为流动相，检测波长为317nm，结果：替硝唑和呋喃西林的线性范围分别为50－350ug.ml^-1(r=0.9996),10-70(ug.ml^-1)(r=0.9997)，加可咽收率分别为100．56％，RSD＝0.69%,100.64%,RSD=0.79%,日内RSD为0.12%-1.35%和0.66%-1.45%，n=6,日间RSD为0.28%-1.39%，和0.18%-1.23%,n=5，结论：HPLC法可用于复方替硝唑漱口液的含量定，方法准确，灵敏，专属性强。     

高效液相色谱法测定大鼠血清中艾司洛尔的含量

目的：建立高效液相色谱法（HPLC）测定因清中艾司洛尔浓度的方法。方法：以甲醇－冰醋酸－0．2％醋酸钠（60：1：40）为流动相，流速1．0ml/min，检测波长为280nm。结果：在10－600ug/ml^-1范围内样品色谱峰高与血清药物浓度呈良好的线性关系，r=0.9998，日内及日内RSD分别测得为3．05％,4．43％，平均加样回收率为100．45％，血清中药物最低检测浓度为13．3ug.L^-1。结论：本方法适于艾司洛尔的血药浓度监测。     

复方氯霉素醇溶液含量测定方法的改进

目的 建立复方氯霉素醇溶液中水杨酸和氯霉素的含量测定方法.方法 采用反相高效液相色谱法,色谱柱：C18（250mm×4.6mm,5μm）;流动相：甲醇-水-冰醋酸（50∶50∶0.1）;流速：0.8ml/min;检测波长：295nm;柱温：30℃.结果 水杨酸在0.253 5～2.535 0 μg·ml^-1范围内呈良好线性关系,r=0.999 9,平均回收率99.75%,RSD为1.3%;氯霉素在0.255 0～2.550 0 μg·ml^-1范围内呈良好线性关系,r=0.999 9,平均回收率99.18%,RSD为1.3%.结论 方法简便、准确,重现性好.     

HPLC法测定复方氯霉素洗剂中氯霉素和水杨酸的含量

目的建立高效液相色谱法测定复方氯霉素洗剂中氯霉素和水杨酸含量。方法色谱柱为C18（150mm×3．9mm,5μm）;流动相为磷酸盐缓冲液（0．01mmol·L^-1,pH3．5）-甲醇（55：45）;流速为1．0ml／min;检测波长为278nm;柱温为25℃。结果氯霉素、水杨酸分别在4．08～40．8μg·ml^-1（r=0．9989）、7．76～77．6μg·ml^-1（r=0．9990）范围内呈良好的线性关系,平均回收率分别为100．5％、100．1％,RSD分别为0．52％、0．66％（n=9）。结论本方法简便、准确、快速、重现性好,可用于该制剂的含量测定。     

分光光度法测定复方醋酸曲安奈德搽剂中酯酸曲安奈德的含量

目的：测定复方醋酸曲安奈德搽剂中醋酸曲安奈德的含量，方法：采用分光光度法，测定波长为485nm，结果：醋酸曲安奈德在4．22－33.74ug.ml^-1(r=0.9998)范围内，吸收度值与其浓廑良好的线性关系，方法平均回收率为99．82％，RSD为0．84％，（n=6)。结论：方法简便易行，快速，准确，可做为该制剂的质量控制方法。     

HPLC法同时测定复方氯霉素醇溶液中氯霉素和水杨酸含量

目的建立HPLC法同时测定复方氯霉素醇溶液中氯霉素和水杨酸含量。方法采用CAPCELL PAK C8DD（4.6mm×250mm,5μm）色谱柱;流动相：甲醇-0.05mol.L^-1磷酸二氢钠溶液（用磷酸调pH至2.5）（29∶71）;流速：1.0ml/m in;检测波长278nm;柱温：40℃;进样量10μl。结果氯霉素、水杨酸的线性范围分别为0.020 54-1.027mg.ml^-1、0.021-1.05mg.ml^-1（r=0.999 9）,平均回收率分别为100.01%、99.85%,RSD分别为0.9%、1.0%（n=9）。结论本方法快速、准确,可同时测定复方氯霉素醇溶液中两种主要成分的含量。可用于复方氯霉素醇溶液的质量控制。     

西咪替丁水分散片的制备及含量测定

目的：制备西咪替丁水分散片并进行含量测定以控制质量，方法：首先对外方中崩解剂与溶胀性辅助料的用量和原因进行考察，确定最优处方，制备西咪替丁水分散片，并建立含量测定方法，结果：西咪替丁浓度在2．0－16．0ug.ml^-1范围内，线性关系良好，回归方程为：A=0.07675C-0.9714*10^3,r=0.9998,回收率为99．81％，RSD为0．29％，n=6，结论：西咪替丁水分散片，组方合理，质量可控，适用于医院制剂。     

HPLC法测定滴鼻灵中地塞米松磷酸钠的含量

目的：建立HPLC法测定滴鼻灵中地塞米松磷酸钠的含量,方法：以十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂,0．01mol.L^-1磷酸二氢钾（KH2PO4）－甲醇－磷酸（48：52：0．4）为流动相,检测波长240nm。结果：地塞米松磷酸钠在1．26－10．08ug/ml^-1(r=0.9999)范围内线性关系良好。平均回收率为99．16％,RSD为0．65％（n=6)。结论：本方法快速,准确,可用于测定滴鼻灵中地塞米松磷酸钠的含量。     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.     

Bronchial stump fistula :treatment with covered retrievable hinged metallic stents-preliminary clinical experience

Objective To evaluate the preliminaily clinical efficacy and retrievability of a retrievable hinged covered metallic stent in the treatment of the bronchial stump fistula （BSF）. Methods Between April 2003 and March 2005, 8 patients with bronchial stump fistula after pneumonectomy or lobectomy were treated with two types （A and B） of retrievable hinged covered metallic stents. Type A stent was placed in 6 patients and type B in 2 under fluoroscopic guidance. The stent was removed with a retrieval set when BSF was healed or complications occurred. Results Stent placement in the bronchial tree was technically successful in all patients, without procedure-related complications. Immediate closure of the BSF was achieved in all patients after the procedure. Stents were removed from all patients but one. Removal of the stents was difficult in two patients due to tissue hyperplasia. Patients were followed up for 6 - 21 months. Placement of the stents remained stable in all patients except one due to severe cough. Permanent closure of BSF was achieved in 7 （87.5%） of 8 patients. Conclusion Use of a retrievable hinged covered expandable metallic stent is a simple, safe, and effective procedure for closure of the BSF. Retrieval of the stent seems to be feasible. （J Intervent Radiol, 2007, 16： 253-257）     

Prevalence and severity of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male football: a cross‐sectional cohort study of 695 players

The purpose of this study was twofold: (a) to investigate the prevalence of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male adult football in Denmark and (b) to explore the association between prevalence and duration of hip and groin pain in the previous season with the Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score (HAGOS) in the beginning of the new season. In total 695 respondents from 40 teams (Division 1–4) were included. Players completed in the beginning of the new season (July–Sept 2011) a self‐reported paper questionnaire on hip and/or groin pain during the previous season and HAGOS. In total 49% (95% CI: 45–52%) reported hip and/or groin pain during the previous season. Of these, 31% (95% CI: 26–36%) reported pain for >6 weeks. Players with the longest duration of pain during the previous season had the lowest HAGOS scores, when assessed at the beginning of the new season, P < 0.001. This study documents that half of sub‐elite male adult football players report pain in the hip and/or groin during a football season. The football players with the longest duration of pain in previous season displayed the lowest HAGOS scores in the beginning of the new season.