Effects of antibodies against S-100 antigen in ultralow doses (Proproten-100) on acquisition of avoidance response in rats

We studied the effect of potentiated antibodies against S-100 antigen on learning of avoidance responses of 2 types. Peroral administration of antibodies promoted inhibition of locomotor activity and feeding behavior, which was associated with electrical pain stimulation. Our results indicate that the preparation in ultralow doses modulates the mechanism of memory formation.Translated from Byulleten Eksperimentalnoi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 138, No. 12, pp. 629–631, December, 2004This revised version was published online in April 2005 with a corrected cover date.     

Genetic Catalepsy and Ultralow Dose Antibodies to S-100B Antigen

We studied consumption of 20% sucrose solution by rats genetically predisposed to catalepsy (GC strain) during training. The consumption of sucrose solution by GC rats was lower in comparison to that in Wistar rats. “Potentiated” antibodies to S-100B antigen administered orally after training sessions increased the number and duration of subsequent contacts of rats with sucrose solution. Translated from Byulleten’ Eksperimental’noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 146, No. 12, pp. 679–681, December, 2008     

Effect of antibodies against S-100B antigen in ultralow doses on sucrose consumption during learning

We studied the effect of potentiated antibodies against S-100B antigen on 20% sucrose consumption by Wistar rats under conditions of free-choice drinking from the bowls with sucrose and water during presentation of an acoustic pre-nociceptive or neutral signal. Peroral administration of antibodies after training sessions increased the number and duration of contacts with sucrose solution. __________ Translated from Byulleten’ Eksperimental’noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 143, No. 6, pp. 628–630, June, 2007     

Involvement of the GABA-B system in the mechanism of action of ultralow-dose antibodies to S-100 protein

The involvement of the GABA-B neurotransmitter system in the realization of anxiolytic and antidepressant activities of ultralow-dose antibodies to S-100 protein is demonstrated. Simultaneous injection of ultralow-dose antibodies to S-100 protein and GABA-B receptor agonist baclofen reduced the anxiolytic and antidepressant effects of the drug, while GABA-B receptor antagonist faclofen stimulated the anxiolytic and reduced the antidepressant effect of ultralow-dose antibodies to S-100 protein. The effect of ultralow-dose antibodies to S-100 protein on the GABA-B-ergic system differs from that of benzodiazepine anxiolytics (diazepam) and tricyclic antidepressants (amitryptiline) not affecting this transmitter system. __________ Translated from Byulleten’ Eksperimental’noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 145, No. 5, pp. 552–554, May, 2008     

Antiaggressive Activity of Antibodies to S-100 Protein in Ultralow Doses

Experiments on rats demonstrated antiaggressive activity of ultralow doses of antibodies to S-100 protein in tests of motivated and unmotivated aggression. The effect of ultralow doses of antibodies to S-100 protein in single and course treatment was not inferior to that of benzodiazepine anxiolytic diazepam.     

Comparison of effects of antibodies to S-100 protein and ouabain onHelix pomatia neurons

Laboratory of Functional Synaptology, Brain Institute, All-Union Mental Health Research Center, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR A. V. Snezhnevskii.^*) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 106, No. 10, pp. 393–395, October, 1988.     

Involvement of the serotoninergic system in the mechanism of action of ultralow dose antibodies to S-100 protein

The involvement of the serotoninergic system in the realization of anxiolytic and anti-depressant activities of antibodies to S-100 protein in ultralow doses is proven. Administration of ultralow-dose antibodies to S-100 protein in combination with serotoninergic agents (ketanserin and 5-hydroxytryptophan) reduced the anxiolytic and antidepressant effects of antibodies. __________ Translated from Byulleten’ Eksperimental’noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 143, No. 5, pp. 535–537, May, 2007     

Study of the Effects of Preparation Containing Ultralow Doses of Antibodies to S-100 Protein in Experimental Hemorrhagic Stroke

Ultralow doses of antibodies to S-100 protein increased rat survival, reduced neurological deficit, eliminated myorelaxation, and improved movement coordination and cognitive functions in rats with experimental hemorrhagic stroke; the effi ciency of the preparation was not inferior to that of nimodipine. In contrast to nimodipine, ultralow doses of antibodies to S-100 protein exhibited pronounced anxiolytic properties.     

S-100A4与肿瘤形成、进展和转移的关系

肿瘤转移是肿瘤患者死亡的基本原因。S-100A4为S-100钙离子结合蛋白超家族的成员,已经被归类为转移相关蛋白,为一种有很高预后意义的肿瘤转移潜能分子标记物。S-100A4蛋白的表达增加与多种肿瘤的预后呈负相关,如乳腺癌、胃癌、肝癌、髓母细胞瘤、胰腺癌、结肠癌、胆囊癌、膀胱癌、食管癌和非小细胞性肺癌。S-100A4的过表达能导致肿瘤细胞侵袭和运动能力的增加。现认为,S-100A4为一种由肿瘤细胞和肿瘤活化的间质细胞分泌的活性肿瘤转移调节因子。S-100A4可调节细胞周期的进展,改变细胞的黏附性和运动能力,并增加肿瘤细胞的存活能力,调节肿瘤细胞的侵袭和转移能力。     

Mechanisms of Hepatoprotective Effect of Preparation Containing Superlow Doses of Antibodies to Granulocytic Colony-Stimulating Factor

The hepatoprotective effects of superlow dose preparation of antibodies to granulocytic CSF were studied on a model of CCl₄-induced hepatitis. The preparation exhibited high antiinflammatory and antisclerotic activities determined by stimulation, mobilization, and determined homing of mesenchymal stem cells into damaged liver with subsequent differentiation of these cells into mature hepatocytes. __________ Translated from Kletochnye Tekhnologii v Biologii i Meditsine, No. 4, pp. 195–199, November, 2005     

Efficiency of Ultralow Doses of Antibodies to S100 Protein and Delta Sleep-Inducing Peptide in Rats with Anxious Depression

We studied the effects of single peroral treatment with antibodies against S100 protein and delta sleep-inducing peptide in ultralow doses on behavioral characteristics of rats with anxious depression produced by acute stress (unavoidable electrical shock). Stress-produced behavioral changes and anxiolytic activity of antibodies were determined using the elevated plus-maze, open field, and tail suspension tests. High efficiency of the mixture of antibodies against S100 protein and delta sleep-inducing peptide was observed in all tests. Anxiolytic activity of anti-S100 antibodies (although less pronounced than that of the mixture of antibodies) was revealed in the elevated plus-maze and tail suspension test.     

S-100 protein positive cells in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC): Absence of prognostic significance

Summary An immunohistochemical study of S-100 protein in 43 nasopharyngeal carcinomas (NPC) of known clinical evolution (33 primary and 10 metastatic) is presented. Sixty per cent of primary site cases as well as all metastatic forms showed S-100 protein positive cells intermingled with tumour cells. These S-100 positive elements were identified as Langerhans cells. No significant differences were found when correlating S-100 protein positivity and histological NPC variants, neither in age nor in sex of patients. Statistical analysis failed to demonstrate any positive correlation between S-100 protein reactivity and clinical survival.     

慢性应激对大鼠空间学习记忆和海马一氧化氮的影响

目的 :探讨慢性应激对大鼠空间学习记忆和海马NO的影响。方法 :采用电击足底结合噪声建立慢性应激大鼠模型 ,Morris水迷宫观察动物的学习和记忆能力 ,同时检测海马NO含量和NOS活性。结果 :慢性应激大鼠在Morris水迷宫的空间学习和记忆能力明显下降 ,海马NO含量和NOS活性 (3 87± 0 47nmol/mgpro和 10 2 64± 13 33pmol/mgpro/min)显著高于对照组大鼠 (2 76± 0 43nmol/mgpro和 78 2 5± 10 67pmol/mgpro/min)。结论 :慢性应激损害大鼠空间学习和记忆能力 ,可能与其海马内NO增多有关     

托吡酯对海藻酸致痫大鼠空间学习记忆能力的影响

目的探讨长期应用托吡酯(TPM)对幼年大鼠空间学习记忆能力的影响。方法以生后28天的海藻酸(KA)致痫大鼠为模型,经TPM治疗8周,观察动物癫痫行为;经Morris水迷宫对大鼠的空间学习记忆能力及对已存储信息的再摄取能力进行评价。结果KA致痫后经TPM治疗组大鼠出现自发性反复惊厥(SRS)次数(3.50±3.84)较未经TPM治疗组次数(7.36±3.75)明显减少(t=2.33,P<0.05)。该组动物仅在水迷宫测试第一天找到平台的潜伏期(590.6±230.9)秒较未经治疗组(422.6±122.3)秒明显延长(t=2.11,P<0.05),但此后3天两组潜伏期则无差异。TPM对未经KA致痫的大鼠水迷宫操作无影响,间歇三天后在相同测试条件下各组潜伏期均无差异。结论TPM对发育期大脑的长期记忆功能及信息再摄取能力均无影响,而且对幼鼠的空间学习能力的影响也是极短暂的。     

S100B Protein in Pro- and Antiapoptotic Doses Produces Different Effects on Defensive Behavior in Adult Rats

We studied the effects of S100b protein in doses stimulating (500 and 50 ng) or inhibiting (5 ng) apoptosis in nerve cells on acquisition, retention, and retrieval of extinction of the acoustic startle response and conditioned fear in adult rats. After application to the vermis of the cerebellum S100b protein in doses of 500 and 50 ng impaired, while in a dose of 5 ng facilitated acquisition of both forms of defensive behavior. Different behavioral effects of S100b protein are probably related to its pro- and antiapoptotic effects on cerebellar cells relevant to the studied forms of behavior. Our results suggest that regulators of apoptosis are involved in the mechanisms of learning and memory.     

Protein Synthesis with Special Reference to S-100 Protein in Brain Slices from Rats Receiving a Restricted Protein Supply

The synthesis of S-100 protein and that of soluble and total proteins was investigated using cerebral slices from rats fed a 20% or 3% protein containing diet for 6 days. Incorporation of radioactive amino acids into S-100 protein was significantly higher when rats were fed a diet containing 20% protein. No significant differences were obtained in the radioactivity incorporated into total or soluble proteins between the 2 dietary groups. ¹⁴C-leucine of a specific radioactivity of 55 mCi/mmol or 3.2 mCi/mmol incorporated with time into total protein was similar for the 2 dietary groups. The time-dependent uptake of ¹⁴C-leucine by the slices and the inulin space remained unaffected by the dietary conditions used; and amino acid analyser estimates of the free amino acid pool showed no significant differences. Brain wet weight was 1.54 ± 0.02 g and 1.39 ± 0.02 g for protein-fed and protein-restricted rats respectively. The corresponding body weight increased by 7.8 g/day or fell by 0.5 g/day. Although the differences observed in total protein synthesis were small the synthesis of a nervous tissue specific protein S-100 was markedly affected by short-term protein restriction.     

Immunohistochemical studies on S-100 cells in the anterior pituitary gland of Sprague Dawley rats and spontaneous dwarf rats

The S-100 cells in the pituitary glands of adult male Sprague Dawley rats (SDs) and spontaneous dwarf rats (SDRs) were immunohistochemically examined using anti-S-100 and anti-S-100 monoclonal antibodies. The immunoreactive cells against S-100 protein were divided into three subtypes on the basis of their immunore-activity against subunits of S-100 protein: S-100 dominant type (the -type cell), S-100 dominant type (the \-type cell) and immunoreactive against both S-100 and S-100 (the -type cell). In the SD, -type cells represented 26% of the total S-100 immunoreactive cells (S-100 cells) and were localized in the peripheral area of the ventral region of the pituitary gland. This type of cell was observed forming clusters, with more abundant cytoplasm than the -type cell. The proportion of -type cells was 53%. They were diffusely distributed throughout the gland, and their processes were thicker than those of the -type cell. In the SDR, the proportion of -type cells was 55%, and they were observed throughout the gland. In contrast, -type cells totalled 12% and were localized in small areas of the central and peripheral region of the gland. The proportion of -type cells was 21% in the SD and 33% in the SDR and they were observed forming small clusters in both animal groups. The proportion of -type cells compared with the total of S-100-immunoreactive cells was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the SDR than in the SD, while the proportion of -type cells was markedly lower (P < 0.05).     

Protective effect of low-doses of antibodies to S-100 protein on the formation of long-term sensitization in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Helix lucorum</Emphasis>

Injection of antibodies to Ca-binding protein S-100 in a dilution of 10⁻¹² before the formation of long-term sensitization in Helix lucorum (10 min before the first electric shock) prevented the increase in defense reactions of pneumostome closure and ommatophore withdrawal. Thus, we demonstrated a protective effect of low-dose antibodies to S-100 on the formation of long-term sensitization as a neurobiological model of anxiety and depression. __________ Translated from Byulleten’ Eksperimental’noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 143, No. 5, pp. 490–493, May, 2007