糖尿病病人红细胞免疫功能与膜脂质成分的关系

①目的探讨非胰岛素依赖性糖尿病（ＮＩＤＤＭ）病人红细胞免疫功能变化与红细胞膜脂质成分的关系。②方法对５４例ＮＩＤＤＭ病人进行了红细胞免疫功能检测，同时也检测了红细胞膜脂质成分的变化。③结果ＮＩＤＤＭ病人红细胞Ｃ３ｂ受体花环率（Ｅ－Ｃ３ｂＲＲ）明显降低（ｔ＝３．６６１，Ｐ＜０．００１），红细胞膜胆固醇（Ｃｈ）、胆固醇／磷脂（Ｃｈ／ＰＬ）和丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）明显增高，与对照组比较，差异有极显著性（ｔ＝３．５２８～３．７９４，Ｐ＜０．００１），ＰＬ明显低于对照组（ｔ＝３．６２０，Ｐ＜０．００１），有血管病变者变化更明显；ＮＩＤＤＭ病人Ｅ－Ｃ３ｂＲＲ与Ｃｈ，Ｃｈ／ＰＬ和ＭＤＡ呈负相关（ｒ＝－０．２７６～－０．６５３，Ｐ＜０．０５～０．０１），与ＰＬ呈正相关（ｒ＝０．３１６，Ｐ＜０．０５），以Ｃｈ／ＰＬ和ＭＤＡ升高与红细胞免疫功能降低关系更密切。④结论ＮＩＤＤＭ病人红细胞膜脂质成分异常可能是红细胞免疫功能低下的重要原因之一。     

慢性肾功能衰竭患者红细胞 SOD、LPO 与红细胞免疫功能关系的探讨

观察６２例慢性肾衰患者ＲＢＣ－ＳＯＤ活性、ＲＢＣ－ＬＰＯ浓度和红细胞免疫功能，结果表明，肾衰患者ＲＢＣ－ＳＯＤ活性较对照组降低（Ｐ＜０．０１），ＲＢＣ－ＬＰＯ浓度较对照组明显升高（Ｐ＜０．０１）；红细胞Ｃ３ｂ受体花环率（ＲＢＣ－Ｃ３ｂＲＲ）、红细胞免疫粘附促进因子（ＲＦＥＲ）活性较对照组明显降低（Ｐ均＜０．０１），红细胞免疫复合物花环率（ＲＢＣ－ＩＣＲ）、红细胞免疫粘附抑制因子（ＲＦＩＲ）活性较对照组明显升高。ＲＢＣ－ＳＯＤ活性与ＲＢＣ－Ｃ３ｂＲＲ呈正相关，与ＲＢＣ－ＩＣＲ呈负相关，ＲＢＣ－ＬＰＯ浓度与ＲＢＣ－Ｃ３ｂＲＲ呈负相关（Ｐ＜０．０１），与ＲＢＣ－ＩＣＲ浓度呈正相关（Ｐ＜０．０５），提示肾衰患者红细胞内抗氧化能力降低，脂质过氧化反应增强，红细胞免疫粘附功能降低，红细胞免疫粘附调节功能紊乱；红细胞ＳＯＤ活性、红细胞ＬＰＯ浓度能直接影响ＲＢＣ－Ｃ３ｂＲＲ的活性，进而影响红细胞清除免疫复合物的能力，与红细胞免疫功能的强弱有直接关系。     

中晚期恶性肿瘤病人细胞免疫功能的观察

①目的观察恶性肿瘤病人红细胞免疫功能、Ｔ淋巴细胞亚群和血清可溶性白细胞介素－２受体（ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ）水平的变化。②方法采用红细胞受体花环试验、碱性磷酸酶抗碱性磷酸酶（ＡＰＡＡＰ）法及ＥＬＩＳＡ双抗体夹心法检测了６６例中晚期恶性肿瘤病人及３６例健康人红细胞免疫功能、Ｔ淋巴细胞亚群ＣＤ４，ＣＤ８和ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ水平的变化，③结果中晚期恶性肿瘤病人红细胞Ｃ３ｂ受体花环率（Ｅ－Ｃ３ｂＲＲ）、ＣＤ４及ＣＤ４／ＣＤ８明显降低，免疫复合物花环率、ＣＤ８及ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ均明显升高，与对照组比较差异有显著性（ｔ＝５．３６－１３１．５２，Ｐ均＜０．００１）；Ｅ－Ｃ３ｂＲＲ与ＣＤ４，ＣＤ４／ＣＤ８呈正相关（ｒ＝０．４０９－０．５２７，Ｐ均＜０．００１），与ＣＤ８，ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ呈负相关（ｒ＝－０．３９５－－０．４２０，Ｐ均＜０．００１）；ｓＩＬ－２Ｐ＜０．００１），④结论中晚期恶性肿瘤病人红细胞免疫功能与Ｔ淋巴细胞亚群和ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ明显异常。     

尿毒症病人红细胞变形能力与红细胞膜硒浓度的关系

①目的从硒与红细胞膜收缩蛋白（ＳＰ）的关系探讨尿毒症病人红细胞变形能力（ＥＤ）变化机理。②方法检测了４８例尿毒症病人和４０例健康人ＥＤ、红细胞膜硒（Ｅ－Ｓｅ）浓度，红细胞膜脂质过氧化物（Ｅ－ＬＰＯ）、膜收缩蛋白二聚体（ＳＰ－Ｄ）和四聚体（ＳＰ－Ｔ）的变化。③结果尿毒症病人红细胞滤过指数（ＥＦＩ），Ｅ－ＬＰＯ，ＳＰ－Ｄ和ＳＰ－Ｄ／ＳＰ－Ｔ明显增高，Ｅ－Ｓｅ，ＳＰ－Ｔ明显降低，与对照组比较差异有极显著性（ｔ＝４．８２０～５．１９４，Ｐ均＜０．００１）。尿毒症病人ＥＦＩ与Ｅ－Ｓｅ，ＳＰ－Ｄ呈负相关（ｒ＝－０．４８２，－０．５１０，Ｐ均＜０．００１），与Ｅ－ＬＰＯ，ＳＰ－Ｄ，ＳＰ－Ｄ／ＳＰ－Ｔ呈正相关，（ｒ＝０．５７０，０．５２９，０．６１７，Ｐ均＜０．００１）；Ｅ－Ｓｅ与Ｅ－ＬＰＯ，ＳＰ－Ｄ，ＳＰ－Ｄ／ＳＰ－Ｔ呈负相关（ｒ＝－０．５２１，－０．５８２，－０．５５６，Ｐ均＜０．００１），与ＳＰ－Ｔ呈正相关（ｒ＝０．５１９，Ｐ＜０．００１）。④结论尿毒症病人红细胞膜硒缺乏所致的膜收缩蛋白异常是ＥＤ降低的重要原因之一。     

高血压病人红细胞变形能力与红细胞膜脂质成分和PAF－AH活性的关系

①目的探讨高血压（ＥＨ）病人红细胞变形能力（ＥＤ）与红细胞膜脂质成分和血小板激活因子乙酰水解酶（ＰＡＦ－ＡＨ）的关系。②方法观察了６６例ＥＨ病人和３８例健康人红细胞滤过指数（ＩＦ）、红细胞膜胆固醇（Ｃｈ）、磷脂（ＰＬ）、脂质过氧化物（ＬＰＯ）及ＰＡＦ－ＡＨ的变化。③结果ＥＨ病人红细胞ＩＦ较对照组明显增高（ｔ＝４．７２６，Ｐ＜０．００１）。ＥＨ病人红细胞膜Ｃｈ，ＬＰＯ及Ｃｈ／ＰＬ明显增高，而ＰＬ和ＰＡＦ－ＡＨ活性明显降低，与对照组比较差异均有极显著性（ｔ＝３．８８２～４．７１５，Ｐ＜０．００１）。这些指标变化随着ＥＨ病程进展而逐渐明显。ＥＨ病人红细胞ＩＦ与膜Ｃｈ，ＬＰＯ及Ｃｈ／ＰＬ呈正相关（ｒ＝０．５３２，０．５３８，０．６５５，Ｐ＜０．００１），与ＰＬ和ＰＡＦ－ＡＨ呈负相关（ｒ＝－０．５２７，－０．６０９，Ｐ＜０．００１）。④结论ＥＨ病人ＥＤ降低与红细胞膜脂质异常和ＰＡＦ－ＡＨ活性降低有密切关系。     

单纯性肾病综合征病儿红细胞免疫功能的变化

①目的探讨单纯性肾病综合征（ＳＮＳ）病儿红细胞免疫功能状态及其临床意义。②方法采用红细胞酵母菌花环法和单克隆抗体间接免疫荧光法，检测了２４例ＳＮＳ病儿活动期和缓解期及３０例健康儿童红细胞Ｃ３ｂ受体花环率（Ｅ－Ｃ３ｂＲＲ）和红细胞免疫复合物花环率（Ｅ－ＩＣＲ）及Ｔ细胞亚群的变化。③结果ＳＮＳ病儿活动期和缓解期Ｅ－Ｃ３ｂＲＲ皆显著低于对照组（ｔ＝８．１６，２．４７，Ｐ＜０．０１，０．０５），活动期明显低于缓解期（ｔ＝４．９５，Ｐ＜０．０１），而Ｅ－ＩＣＲ皆无异常；活动期Ｅ－Ｃ３ｂＲＲ降低与ＣＤ＋４细胞和ＣＤ＋４／ＣＤ＋８比值变化呈正相关（ｒ＝０．４８，０．５３，Ｐ＜０．０１），与ＣＤ＋８细胞变化呈负相关（ｒ＝－０．３６，Ｐ＜０．０５），但与激素治疗反应无相关性；缓解期有反复感染、病情反复或复发倾向者，Ｅ－Ｃ３ｂＲＲ较无上述特征者明显降低（ｔ＝２．３８，２．２５，Ｐ＜０．０５）。④结论ＳＮＳ病儿存在原发性红细胞免疫粘附活性降低，Ｅ－Ｃ３ｂＲＲ降低与其缓解期的易感倾向和病情反复或复发密切相关。     

反复呼吸道感染病儿红细胞免疫功能、T细胞亚群和血清sIL－2R水平的变化

对６２例反复呼吸道感染（ＲＲＩ）病儿的红细胞免疫功能、Ｔ淋巴细胞亚群和血清可溶性白细胞胞介素－２受体（ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ）水平的变化进行了检测，并与正常对照组比较。结果表明，ＲＲＩ病儿红细胞Ｃ３ｂ受体花环率（Ｅ－Ｃ３ｂＲＲ）、红细胞免疫复合物受体花环率（Ｅ－ＩＣＲ）和红细胞Ｃ３ｂ受体花环形成促进率（ＲＦＥＲ）均明显低于对照组，而循环免疫复合物（ＣＩＣ）和红细胞Ｃ３ｂ受体花环形成抑制率（ＲＦＩＲ）明显高于对照组，差异均有极显著性（Ｐ均＜０．０１，０．００１）；ＲＲＩ病儿ＣＤ４，ＣＤ４／ＣＤ８明显降低，而ＣＤ８明显增高，与对照组比较差异有极显著性（Ｐ＜０．００１）；ＲＲＩ病儿血清ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ水平明显高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．００１）。ＲＲＩ病儿的Ｅ－Ｃ３ｂＲＲ与ＣＤ４／ＣＤ４／ＣＤ８呈正相关，而与ＣＤ８和ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ则呈负相关（ｒ＝０．５２７，０．４０９，Ｐ均＜０．００１）；ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ与ＣＤ４，ＣＤ４／ＣＤ８呈负相关，与ＣＤ８呈正相关（ｒ＝—０．５３０，—０．４９１，Ｐ＜０．００１）。提示ＲＲＩ发生与红细胞免疫功能降低、Ｔ淋巴细胞亚群异常和血清ｓＩＬ－２Ｒ水平增高有密切关系。     

尿毒症病人红细胞变形能力和形态的变化

①目的探讨尿毒症病人红细胞变形能力（ＥＤ）和形态变化与红细胞膜脂质组成和ＡＴＰ酶活性的关系。②方法检测了４０例尿毒症病人和３８例健康人ＥＤ和红细胞形态变化，同时观察了红细胞膜胆固醇（Ｃｈ）、磷脂（ＰＬ）、脂质过氧化物（ＬＰＯ）和Ｎａ＋－Ｋ＋－ＡＴＰ酶、Ｃａ２＋－ＡＴＰ酶及Ｍｇ２＋－ＡＴＰ酶活性的变化。③结果尿毒症病人红细胞滤过指数（ＦＩ）和红细胞形态异常率明显增高，与对照组比较差异有极显著性（ｔ＝４．５２６，３．９８５，Ｐ＜０．００１）。异常形态红细胞有痘痕红细胞、口形红细胞、球形红细胞、嵴形红细胞和棘形红细胞，其异常率均明显高于对照组（ｔ＝３．５１１～４．２６９，Ｐ＜０．００１）。尿毒症病人红细胞Ｎａ＋－Ｋ＋－ＡＴＰ酶和Ｃａ２＋－ＡＴＰ酶活性、ＰＬ明显降低，而Ｃｈ／ＰＬ和ＬＰＯ明显增高，与对照组比较差异有极显著性（ｔ＝３．６２０～４．７１５，Ｐ＜０．００１）。尿毒症病人红细胞ＦＩ，红细胞异常率与膜Ｎａ＋－Ｋ＋－ＡＴＰ酶、Ｃａ２＋－ＡＴＰ酶活性和ＰＬ呈负相关（ｒ＝－０．４４９～－０．５７４，Ｐ＜０．００１）；而与Ｃｈ／ＰＬ，ＬＰＯ呈正相关（ｒ＝０．４６６～０．６２０，Ｐ＜０．００１）。④结论尿毒症病人的     

不稳定型心绞痛病人红细胞变形能力变化与红细胞膜脂质成分的关系

①目的探讨不稳定型心绞痛（ＵＡ）病人红细胞变形能力（ＥＤ）与红细胞膜脂质组成的关系。②方法采用ＤＸＣ－３００Ａ型红细胞变形能力测定仪，邻苯二甲醛－醋酸－硫酸法、ＴＢＡ比色法和化学定量法，分别检测了４７例ＵＡ病人和４０例健康人红细胞滤过指数（ＥＦＩ），红细胞膜胆固醇（ＣＨ），磷脂（ＰＬ）和脂质过氧化物（ＬＰＯ）含量的变化。③结果ＵＡ病人ＥＦＩ，ＣＨ，ＬＰＯ和ＣＨ／ＰＬ均明显增高，ＰＬ明显降低，与对照组比较差异均有极显著性（ｔ＝４．８２２～９．６５０，Ｐ均＜０．００１）。ＵＡ病人ＥＦＩ与ＣＨ，ＣＨ／ＰＬ，ＬＰＯ呈正相关（ｒ＝０．７６４～０．８８１，Ｐ＜０．００１），与ＰＬ呈负相关（ｒ＝－０．６２７，Ｐ＜０．００１）。④结论ＵＡ病人ＥＤ降低与红细胞膜脂质成分异常有密切关系。     

慢性肾功能衰竭患者红细胞SOD,LPO与红细胞免疫功能关系的探讨

观察６２例慢性肾衰患者ＲＢＣ－ＳＯＤ活性、ＲＢＣ－ＬＰＯ浓度和红细胞免疫功能，结果表明，肾衰患者ＲＢＣ－ＳＯＤ活性较对照组降低（Ｐ〈０．０１），ＲＢＣ－ＬＰＯ浓度较对照组明显升高（Ｐ〈０．０１）；红细胞Ｃ３ｂ受体花环率（ＲＢＣ－Ｃ３ｂＲＲ）、红细胞免疫粘附促进因子（ＲＦＥＲ）活性较对照组明显降低（Ｐ均〈０．０１），红细胞免疫复合物花环率（ＲＢＣ－ＩＣＲ）、红细胞免疫粘附抑制因子（ＲＦＩＲ）活性较对     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.