冠心病患者血清sCD40L和MMP-9水平变化及其相关性研究

目的观察不同类型冠心病（CHD）患者血清sCD40L、MMP-9水平变化及其相关性。方法采用酶联免疫吸附法测定84例CHD患者,其中急性心肌梗死（AMI）30例,不稳定型心绞痛（UAP）29例,稳定型心绞痛（SAP）25例,另外和23例正常对照血清sCD40L、MMP-9的浓度。结果AMI组和UAP组血清sCD40L、MMP-9水平显著高于SAP组和正常对照组（P〈O．05）,而AMI组和UAP组之间无显著性差异（P〉0．05）,SAP组与正常对照组无显著性差异（P〉0．05）;AMI组及UAP组血清sCD40L与MMP-9水平正相关（分别为r=0．974,P〈0．01;r=0．959,P〈0．01）。结论急性冠脉综合症（ACS）患者血清sCD40L和MMP-9水平升高明显,可作为预测粥样斑块稳定性的参考指标。     

老年冠心病与脂联素及 N 端脑钠肽前体水平的相关性研究

目的：探讨老年冠心病（CHD）患者血浆脂联素（APN）与 N 端脑钠肽前体（NT-proBNP）水平的相关性。方法选择老年 CHD 患者50例,分为急性心肌梗死（AMI）组（16例）、不稳定型心绞痛（UAP）组（18例）、稳定型心绞痛（SAP）组（16例）、对照组（50例）,测定 APN 和 NT-proBNP 水平,进行对比分析。结果老年 CHD 组患者 APN 水平明显降低,且 SAP 、UAP 组、AMI 组3组 APN 依次降低,各组间差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）;老年 CHD 组患者 NT-proBNP 水平明显升高,且 SAP 、UAP组、AMI 组3组 NT-proBNP 依次升高,各组间差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。老年 CHD 组患者 APN 水平与 NT-proBNP 呈负相关（r＝－0．236,P＜0．05）。结论 APN 和 NT-proBNP 水平检测对老年 CHD 的预防、疗效判断和预后判断均有重要价值。     

血清胱抑素C、同型半胱氨酸水平与冠状动脉病变的相关性分析

目的：探讨血清胱抑素C（CysC）和同型半胱氨酸（Hey）与冠状动脉心脏病（CHD）患者冠状动脉病变支数、稳定情况以及血清CysC与Hey之间的相关性。方法：对132例CHD患者和40例健康体检者进行血清CysC和Hey水平检测。结果：急性心肌梗死（AMI）、不稳定型心绞痛（UAP）、稳定型心绞痛（SAP）组患者血清CysC、Hcy水平均显著高于对照组（P〈O．01）,AMI组血清CysC、Hey水平显著高于SAP组、UAP组（P〈0．01）,UAP组患者血清CysC、Hey水平显著高于SAP组（P〈0．05）。CHD患者单支病变、双支病变及多支病变组血清CysC和Hey水平差异有统计学意义（P〈O．01）,且随病变支数的增加而升高,其中多支病变组显著高于双支病变组（P〈o．01）,双支病变组显著高于单支病变组（P〈O．01）。CHD病变支数与血清CysC和Hcy呈正相关（r一0．685、0．591,P〈0．01）,CHD患者血清CysC与Hcy亦呈正相关（r一0．824,P（0．01）。结论：血清CysC和Hey水平与CHD冠状动脉病变、病变稳定性及病变支数有关,血清CysC与Hcy有相关性,联合检测血清CysC和Hey水平,可更好地了解冠状动脉病情变化、指导治疗及预后判断。     

血清IgE水平对于不同类型冠心病的意义

目的探讨IgE水平在不同类型冠心病中的意义。方法符合人选标准的患者按造影结果分为冠心病组（CHD,n=147）和非冠心病组（non-CHD,n=93）,其中CHD组又分为稳定型心绞痛组（SAP,n=31）、不稳定型心绞痛组（UAP,n=83）和急性心肌梗死组（AMI,n=33）。用酶联免疫分析法测定血清IgE水平。结果CHD组血清IgE高于non—CHD组（99．55±9．84vs62．21±5．69,P〈0．01）,多重线性回归模型提示仍有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。IgE水平（IU／mL）：AMI组（133．63±26．28）,UAP组（97．72±12．41）,SAP组（68．18±15．76）。AMI组依次高于UAP组（P〉0．05）、SAP组（P〈0．01）和non—CHD组（P〈0．01）。UAP组依次高于SAP组和non—CHD组（P均〈0．05）。结论IgE是提示冠脉斑块稳定性的一个独立的生化指标,其可能在冠心病的发病中起着一定的作用。     

急性冠脉综合征中妊娠相关血浆蛋白A与高敏C反应蛋白的相关性研究

目的研究急性冠脉综合征（ACS）患者血清妊娠相关血浆蛋白-A（PAPP—A）水平和外周血单核细胞PAPP—AmRNA表达的变化及其与血清高敏C反应蛋白（hsCRP）水平的相关性。方法从18例不稳定性心绞痛（UAP）、37例急性心肌梗死（AMI）和15例稳定性心绞痛（SAP）及15例正常对照者中分离外周血单核细胞，应用RT—PCR检测PAPP—A的mRNA表达，同时检测血清PAPP—A和hsCRP水平。结果SAP组血清PAPP—A水平与正常对照组差异无显著性；UAP组和AMI组血清PAPP—A水平均显著高于正常对照组（P〈0．01）和SAP组（P〈0．01），但UAP组与AMI组差异无显著性。SAP组血清hsCRP水平明显高于正常对照组；UAP组明显高于正常对照组和SAP组，但低于AMI组。正常对照者和SAP患者外周血单核细胞存在PAPP—AmRNA低水平表达，ACS患者的表达显著增加。ACS的血清PAPP—A水平和单核细胞PAPP—AmRNA表达与血清hsCRP水平呈正相关（r=0．616，0．706，P〈0．01）。结论急性冠脉综合征时活化的单核细胞表达和合成释放PAPP—A增加，与hsCRP水平正相关，提示PAPP—A可能通过炎症机制参与ACS的发生发展。     

冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病患者体内维生素D水平变化的研究

目的：探讨冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病（CHD）患者体内维生素D的水平变化及其与冠状动脉病变严重程度的关系。方法选取2014年9月至2015年9月在该院就诊的经冠状动脉造影检查确诊为C HD的患者150例,其中不稳定型心绞痛（UAP）、稳定型心绞痛（SAP）和急性心肌梗死（AMI）患者各50例,同时选取对照组50例。对所有入选对象进行冠状动脉Gensi‐ni评分,同时采集股／桡动脉外周血测定血清25‐（OH）D3水平。分析CHD组和对照组,以及CHD各亚型组患者的25‐（OH）D3水平和Gensini评分。结果 CHD组患者血清25‐（OH）D3水平明显低于对照组（t＝8．65,P＜0．05）,而其Gensini评分显著大于对照组（t＝42．47,P＜0．05）。各亚型组患者血清25‐（OH）D3水平和Gensini评分均存在显著性差异,其中SAP组患者血清25‐（OH）D3水平最高,UAP组次之,AMI组最低（F＝13．70,P＜0．05）;而AMI组患者Gensini评分最大,UAP组次之,SAP组最小（F＝55．64,P＜0．05）。CHD患者血清25‐（OH）D3水平与Gensini评分呈负相关（r＝－0．55,P＜0．05）。结论血清维生素D水平过低很有可能是CHD的危险因素。     

急性冠脉综合征患者血清降钙素原、D-二聚体水平测定

目的：检测急性冠脉综合征（ ACS）患者血清降钙素原、D-二聚体水平,探讨二者与ACS患者冠状动脉病变程度的关系。方法：根据病情严重程度将因ACS入院的患者分为不稳定型心绞痛组（ UAP组,72例）、急性心肌梗死组（ AMI组,30例）,另选取同期行冠状动脉造影、结果正常的20例患者作为对照组。采用ELISA法测定血清降钙素原、D-二聚体水平。分析血清降钙素原、D-二聚体水平与病变支数、Gensini积分的关系。结果：AMI组血清降钙素原、D-二聚体水平高于UAP组及对照组（F＝3．298、5．082,P＜0．05）,UAP组与对照组血清降钙素原、D-二聚体水平差异无统计学意义（P＞0．05）。 UAP组血清降钙素原、D-二聚体水平与Gensini积分无关（P＞0．05）,AMI组血清D-二聚体水平与Gensini积分呈正相关（r＝0．523,P＜0．05）。结论：ACS患者血清降钙素原水平与冠状动脉内的炎症反应及斑块的稳定性有关,而D-二聚体水平与冠状动脉狭窄的严重程度有关。     

冠心病患者血清CyPA水平变化及临床意义

目的：观察冠心病患者血清亲环素 A（CyPA）水平变化,探讨其临床意义。方法64例确诊冠心病的患者（冠心病组）,依临床类型分为稳定型心绞痛组（SAP组）、不稳定型心绞痛组（UAP组）、急性心肌梗死组（AMI组）;依冠状动脉病变范围分为单支组、双支组、多支组;26例检查正常者为对照组。采用 ELISA法测CyPA和基质金属蛋白酶9（MMP-9）水平,免疫散射比浊法测C-反应蛋白（CRP）水平。结果冠心病组 CyPA、MMP-9、CRP 明显高于对照组（P＜0．01）;AMI组、UAP 组 CyPA、MMP-9、CRP明显高于对照组和 SAP组（P＜0．05）,SAP 组 CyPA、CRP 与对照组差异无统计学意义（P＞0．05）;单支组、双支组、多支组CyPA、MMP-9、CRP显著高于对照组（P＜0．05）,CyPA、MMP-9、CRP随冠脉病变支数增多而升高（P＜0．05）。冠心病组CyPA与 MMP-9、CRP呈明显正相关（r＝0．772、0．749,P＜0．01）。结论冠心病患者 CyPA明显升高,CyPA可能与冠心病及斑块稳定性有一定关系。     

急性冠脉综合征患者基质金属蛋白酶-9水平及与炎症因子相关性研究

目的研究急性冠脉综合征患者基质金属蛋白酶-9（MMP-9）水平及其与炎症因子的相关性。方法临床收集病例及血液标本120例,试验分为4组,每组30例,分别为：急性心肌梗死组（ AMI组）,不稳定型心绞痛组（ UA组）,稳定型心绞痛组（ SA组）,对照组。对照组为同期冠脉造影显示无明显局限性狭窄者。采用双抗夹心酶联免疫吸附（ ELISA ）法测定MMP-9、肿瘤坏死因子（ TNF）-α、白细胞介素（ IL）-6、IL-1β水平。结果正常对照组与AMI组、UAP组比较MMP-9、TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β水平差异均有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。 SAP组与AMI组、UAP组比较MMP-9、TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β水平差异均有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。 AMI组和UAP组MMP-9与TNF-α、IL-6显著相关（r＝0．37,0．42,P＜0．05;r＝0．45,0．51,P＜0．05）,与IL-1β呈弱相关性（r＝0．236,0．259,P＜0．05）;而SAP组和对照组MMP-9与IL-6、IL-1β无相关性（P＞0．05）。结论急性冠脉综合征患者血清MMP-9增高,并伴有TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β水平的增高,且血清MMP-9增高的水平与TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β水平相关;MMP-9及TNF-α、IL-6、IL-1β水平升高提示了粥样斑块的不稳定性,有可能作为急性冠脉综合征的预测指标之一。     

冠心病患者冠状动脉病变程度与血清胱抑素C及内皮功能相关性分析

目的：探讨冠心病（CHD）患者冠脉病变程度与血清胱抑素 C（Cys C）及血管内皮功能（RHI）的相关性。方法选取318例接受冠状动脉造影的患者为研究对象,分为对照组（65例）与 CHD 组,根据冠脉病变支数将 CHD 组分单支病变组（77例）、双支病变组（70例）、多支病变组（106例）;根据冠脉病变 Gensini 评分将 CHD 组分为低分组（67例）、中分组（107例）、高分组（79例）;通过外周动脉张力测定（PAT）技术评价血管内皮功能,计算血管反应性充血指数（RHI）;用免疫增强比浊法测定 Cys C 水平。结果随病变支数增加,血清 Cys C 水平增加,RHI 水平减少,组间比较差异有统计学意义（P ＜0．05）,RHI 在双支病变与多支病变组差异无统计学意义（P ＞0．05）;血清 Cys C 随冠脉 Gensini 积分增大而增加（P ＜0．05）,组间比较差异均有统计学意义（P ＜0．05）;血管 RHI 值随冠脉 Gensini 积分增大而减小（P ＜0．05）;且 CHD 患者 Cys C 与冠脉 Gensini 积分程度呈正相关（r＝0．375,P ＜0．01）;RHI 与冠脉 Gensini 积分程度负相关（r＝－0．587,P ＜0．01）;血清 Cys C 与 RHI 负相关（r＝－0．350,P ＜0．01）。结论血管内皮功能障碍、血清 Cys C 的增高与冠脉病变程度相关,且 Cys C 与血管 RHI 呈负相关,血清 Cys C 增高可能是 CHD 患者血管内皮功能受损的预测指标。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.