食管鳞癌组织中MET原癌基因mRNA的表达

目的:探讨食管鳞癌组织中原癌基因METmRNA的表达。方法:应用实时荧光定量RT-PCR及基因芯片技术对15例食管鳞癌组织(高分化4例,中分化5例,低分化6例)和相应正常食管黏膜组织进行METmRNA检测。结果:cDNA微阵列和实时荧光定量RT-PCR技术检测结果一致率达100%。15例食管鳞癌组织中有12例METmRNA为上调表达。METmRNA的表达与患者的年龄、性别、肿瘤的部位、大小、肿瘤进展程度等临床病理特征无关(P>0.05),但高、中分化食管癌组织METmRNA表达水平与低分化组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:MET原癌基因表达水平与食管鳞癌细胞分化相关。     

鳞癌中缺氧诱导因子-1α、血管生成因子在食管鳞癌中的表达及临床病理意义

目的 探讨食管鳞癌中缺氧诱导因子(HIF-1α)和血管生成因子(VEGF)的表达及其与临床病理之间的关系.方法 采用荧光定量RT-PCR和免疫组化分别测定食管鳞癌组织和切端正常组织HIF-1α、VEGF表达水平.对比分析HIF-1α、VEGF在食管鳞癌组织和正常切端中的表达以及HW-1α和VEGF与肿瘤侵犯深度、淋巴结转移(含淋巴侵犯)、肿瘤组织分化程度之间的关系.结果 HIF-1α mRNA在食管鳞癌组织中的相对表达量为5.88+1.12,在食管切端正常组织中的相对表达量为4.76±1.26,前者明显高于后者(P=0.014);VEGF mRNA在食管鳞癌组织中相对表达量为12.79±2.51,在食管切端正常组织中的相对表达量为10.92±2.23,前者明显高于后者(P=0.010);食管鳞癌组织中HIF-1α蛋白质阳性率50%(21/42),明显高于正常切端组织的14%(6/42);VEGF蛋白质阳性率76%(32/42),明显高于正常切端组织的33%(14/42).HIF-1α mRNA、VEGF mRNA表达趋向于与淋巴结转移相关(分别P=0.073、P=O.063).HIF-1α蛋白质表达在胞核和(或)胞质中,HIF-1α蛋白表达与淋巴结转移及淋巴侵犯、肿瘤组织分化相关(分别P=0.013、P=0.028).但没有发现HIF-1α mRNA与VEGF蛋白之间有显著相关性.结论 肿瘤组织中HIF-1α除蛋白质水平受缺氧调节外,还可能存在转录及转录后水平调节;通过对HIF-1α与临床病理关系的研究表明HIF-1α亦与淋巴结转移和肿瘤组织分化程度密切相关.因此,HIF-1α与VEGF有可能作为反映食管癌诊断及进展的生物学指标,成为抗血管生成治疗的靶点.     

盘状结构域受体1在食管鳞癌组织中的表达

目的:研究食管鳞癌组织盘状结构域受体1蛋白表达情况.方法:采用Western blotting技术检测40例食管鳞状细胞癌肿瘤组织、癌旁组织、相应正常食管组织中DDR1蛋白的表达,并探讨与食管癌临床病理特征的关系.结果:DDR1蛋白在食管鳞癌组织中的表达水平(1.201±0.348)显著高于癌旁(0.640±0.323)及正常食管组织(0.551±0.413),并且其在食管鳞癌组织中的阳性表达率及表达水平与分化程度和淋巴结转移、侵润深度密切相关(P＜0.01).结论:DDR1和食管癌的发生与发展可能相关,食管癌出现转移时DDR1蛋白表达升高.     

HSPA2在食管鳞癌中的表达及其临床意义

目的 探讨HSPA2蛋白在食管鳞癌组织中的表达水平及其临床病理意义.方法 应用免疫组织化学SABC法检测120例食管鳞癌组织中HSPA2蛋白的表达水平,并分析HSPA2蛋白在食管鳞癌组织中的表达水平与临床病理特征以及患者预后之间的关系.采用实时荧光定量PCR和Western blot检测HSPA2mRNA和蛋白在20例食管鳞癌组织及其配对的癌旁组织和正常组织中的相对表达水平.结果 HSPA2蛋白在120例食管鳞癌组织中的阳性率为75％,其高表达水平与食管鳞癌患者的肿瘤浸润程度、淋巴结转移、TNM分期密切相关(P ＜0.05);Kaplan-Meier单因素生存分析显示HSPA2蛋白高表达组患者的5年无病生存率(7.8％)和总生存率(18.9％)显著小于低表达组患者的40％和66.7％(P ＜0.05);Cox回归模型显示HSPA2蛋白表达在无病生存率和总生存率中危险比为2.577和2.899,是食管鳞癌患者的一个独立危险因素(P＜0.05).与正常食管上皮组织和癌旁组织相比,HSPA2在食管鳞癌组织中mRNA表达水平较正常食管上皮组织显著上调8.71倍,较癌旁组织上调2.12倍.HSPA2蛋白在食管鳞癌组织(0.44±0.15)中表达较配对的癌旁组织(0.20±0.06)和正常组织(0.11±0.06)中表达亦明显增高(P＜0.05).结论 HSPA2在人类食管鳞癌中高表达,其在食管鳞癌的发生和发展过程中起重要作用,与肿瘤侵袭及转移密切相关.     

基质金属蛋白酶8在食管鳞癌中的表达及其临床意义

目的 探讨食管鳞状细胞癌中基质金属蛋白酶-8(matrix metalloproteinase 8,MMP-8)的表达及其与肿瘤浸润、转移的关系.方法 实时荧光定量PCR方法检测67例食管鳞癌组织和27例远癌组织中MMP-8 mRNA 的表达;Western blot法检测其中15例食管鳞癌组织及其配对的15例远癌组织...     

DNA聚合酶Iota(Polι)与食管鳞癌淋巴结转移的相关性研究

目的 :探讨DNA聚合酶Iota(Polι)与食管鳞癌淋巴结转移的关系。方法 :采用实时荧光定量PCR方法检测Polι基因在食管鳞癌组织中的表达,并使用Mann-Whitney U检验方法分析Polι与食管鳞癌淋巴结转移之间的关系;利用免疫组织化学染色法检测Polι及Nm23蛋白在食管鳞癌组织中的表达,并使用Spearman相关分析研究食管鳞癌中Polι与Nm23表达的相关性。向食管癌细胞TE-1和ECA-109转染Polι表达载体,上调细胞中Polι的表达,Realtime-PCR检测Polι和Nm23 m RNA的表达水平,并通过Transwell侵袭实验分析细胞的侵袭能力。结果:在食管鳞癌临床组织标本中,Polι表达与淋巴结转移相关(P<0.01),与Nm23蛋白表达呈负相关(R=-0.481,P<0.05)。上调Polι的表达增强了TE-1和ECA-109细胞的侵袭能力,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05),同时抑制了细胞中Nm23 m RNA的表达,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论:Polι的表达与食管鳞癌的转移密切相关,其可能通过下调Nm23的表达来促进肿瘤转移。     

E-钙黏蛋白在食管鳞癌中的表达及其临床意义

目的:探讨食管鳞癌组织中E-钙黏蛋白(E-cadherin,E-cad)的表达及其与肿瘤侵袭和转移的关系。方法:应用免疫组织化学S-P法检测76例食管鳞状细胞癌组织标本中E-cad的表达,以30例食管癌旁正常黏膜组织作对照,并结合食管癌的临床病理特征进行分析。结果:E-cad在76例食管鳞癌中异常表达率59.21%;而在30例癌旁正常黏膜中异常表达率为6.67%,两者差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),同时E-cad的异常表达率与食管鳞癌的浸润深度、细胞分化程度及淋巴结转移均有一定关系(P<0.05~P<0.01)。结论:E-cad在食管鳞癌中呈异常表达,其异常表达率与肿瘤的浸润深度、分化程度、淋巴结转移密切相关。     

缺氧诱导因子在食管鳞癌中的表达研究

目的:探讨食管鳞癌中缺氧诱导因子HIF-1α的表达及其与临床病理之间的关系。方法:采用荧光定量RT-PCR和免疫组化分别测定食管鳞癌组织和正常组织HIF-1α表达水平。对比分析HIF-1α在食管鳞癌组织和正常组织中的表达以及HIF-1α与肿瘤侵犯深度、淋巴结转移、肿瘤组织分化程度之间的关系。结果:食管鳞癌组织中HIF-1α mRNA表达高于食管正常组织(P=0.014),食管鳞癌组织中HIF-1α蛋白阳性率50%,明显高于正常组织的14%。HIF-1α mRNA表达趋向于与淋巴结转移相关(P=0.073)。HIF-1α蛋白表达在胞核和(或)胞浆中,HIF-1α蛋白表达与淋巴结转移、肿瘤组织分化相关(分别P=0.013、P=0.028)。结论:肿瘤组织中HIF-1α表达高于正常食管组织,其表达除蛋白水平受缺氧调节外,还可能存在转录及转录后水平调节;HIF-1α亦与淋巴结转移和肿瘤组织分化程度密切相关。因此,HIF-1α有可能作为反映食管癌诊断及进展的生物学指标,成为抗血管生成治疗的靶点。     

端粒酶、VEGF基因蛋白在食管癌中的表达及临床意义

目的 研究端粒酶和血管内皮细胞生长因子(VEGF)基因蛋白在食管鳞癌中的表达,探讨其病理临床意义及其相关性.方法 应用免疫组化法检测100例食管鳞癌组织和41例食管癌旁正常组织中端粒酶和VEGF基因蛋白的表达,分析其与食管癌的临床分期、肿瘤大小、浸润深度、淋巴结转移的关系及其相关性.结果 端粒酶和VEGF基因蛋白在食管鳞癌组织中的表达明显高于正常食管黏膜组织(P<0.05),在中晚期食管癌组织中的表达高于早期,在侵及纤维膜组中的表达明显高于未侵及纤维膜组,在有淋巴结转移组中的表达高于无淋巴结转移组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);两者的表达呈正相关关系(r=0.436).结论 端粒酶和VEGF基因蛋白在食管癌组织中的表达和临床分期、浸润深度、淋巴结转移有关,两者的表达呈正相关性.     

血管内皮生长因子在人食管癌中的表达和临床意义

目的 :研究血管内皮生长因子 (VEGF)在人食管癌中的表达及其临床意义。方法 :对 72例食管鳞癌患者手术切除标本 ,10例正常食管组织 ,应用免疫组织化学技术 ,抗VEGF单克隆抗体检测VEGF的表达 ,抗CD34单克隆抗体测定组织微血管密度 (MVD)。结果 :VEGF在 4 0例 (5 5 .6 % )食管鳞癌中阳性表达 ,而正常食管组织不表达 ;食管鳞癌组织MVD为 6 7.5± 2 7.6 ,正常食管组织MVD为 2 9.9± 9.4 ,两者之间有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 1) ;VEGF评分为高级的食管鳞癌组织MVD高于VEGF评分为阴性和低级的食管鳞癌组织(P <0 .0 1) ,MVD与VEGF的表达呈正相关 (P <0 .0 1) ;VEGF的表达和MVD值在淋巴结转移组显著高于无淋巴结转移组 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 :VEGF在食管鳞癌组织表达且与肿瘤血管形成有关 ;VEGF的表达和MVD与食管鳞癌的淋巴结转移密切相关 ,可作为术前治疗方案的选择和确定手术范围的重要指导因子     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.