月腺大戟根中的乙酰间苯三酚类衍生物

目的:研究月腺大戟根中的乙酰间苯三酚类衍生物。方法:利用硅胶柱色谱分离、纯化乙酰间苯三酚类化合物;经化学反应、理化常数测定和波谱分析等鉴定结构。结果:分离得到5个乙酰间苯三酚类化合物:2,4-二羟基-6-甲氧基-3-甲基苯乙酮(I),3,3′-二乙酰基-4,4′-二甲氧基-2,2′,6,6′-四羟基二苯甲烷(I),3,3′-二乙酰基-4,4′-二甲氧基-2,2′,6,6′-四羟基二苯甲烷-6′-O-β-D-葡糖苷(II),2,4-二羟基-6-甲氧基-3-甲基苯乙酮-4-O-β-D-葡糖苷(IV),2,4-二羟基-6-甲氧基-3-甲基苯乙酮-4-O-β-D-木糖基(1→6)-O-β-D-葡糖苷(V)。结论:(II)和(V)为新化合物,分别命名为月腺大戟苷B和月腺大戟苷C。     

栾树种子的化学成分研究

目的：分离鉴定栾树(Koelreuteria paniculata Laxm.)种子的化学成分。 方法：分别用石油醚回流提取和95% EtOH浸提, 硅胶柱色谱分离, IR,MS,UV,¹HNMR,¹³CNMR等方法确定结构。 结果：分得8个化合物,分别为3/-O-十四烷酰基-1-腈基-2-甲基-1,2-丙烯(1), 3-O-二十碳-14,15-烯酰基-1-腈基-2-甲基-1,2-丙烯(2), 3-O-二十碳-14,15-烯酰基-4-O-十八烷酰基-1-腈基-2-氧代亚甲基-1,2-丙烯(3), 3-O-(6′-亚油酰基-葡萄糖)-β-谷甾醇(4), 1-O-β-D-葡萄糖-2-O-油酸-3-O-十六烷酸甘油酯（5), 1-O-十六烷酸甘油酯（6), 14,15-二十碳烯酸（7),三油酸甘油酯（8)。 结论：1～3为新化合物, 4～8系首次从该植物中分得, 并归属其波谱信号。     

中药白头翁地上部分的三萜皂苷成分

为了研究白头翁地上部分的三萜皂苷成分，采用不同色谱技术对白头翁地上部分乙醇提取物的正丁醇部位进行分离纯化，并用波谱和化学方法鉴定化合物的结构。从正丁醇部位中共分离得到7个三萜皂苷类化合物，其结构分别被鉴定为2β-羟基常春藤皂苷元28-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖(1→4)-β-D-吡喃葡糖(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡糖酯苷(1)、3-O-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖常春藤皂苷元28-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖(1→4)-β-D-吡喃葡糖(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡糖酯苷(2)、3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖(1→2)-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖齐墩果酸28-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖(1→4)-β-D-吡喃葡糖(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡糖酯苷(3)、3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖(1→2)［β-D-吡喃葡糖(1→4)］-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖常春藤皂苷元28-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖(1→4)-β-D-吡喃葡糖(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡糖酯苷(4)、3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖(1→2)-α-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖常春藤皂苷元28-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖(1→4)-β-D-吡喃葡糖(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡糖酯苷(5)、常春藤皂苷元28-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖(1→4)-β-D-吡喃葡糖(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡糖酯苷(6)及常春藤皂苷元3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖(1→2)-α-L相似文献   

红芽大戟化学成分研究

目的研究茜草科植物红芽大戟(Knoxia corymbosa Willd．)的化学成分。方法利用硅胶、聚酰胺等色谱技术分离纯化,根据化合物的理化性质和光谱数据进行鉴定。结果从红芽大戟的正丁醇萃取部分分离得到4个黄酮醇苷成分,分别鉴定为:槲皮素-7-O-α-L-阿拉伯糖-3-O-β-D-6″-乙酰基吡喃葡糖苷(quercetin-7- O-α-L-arabinosyl-3-O-β-D-6″-acetylglucopyranoside,1);山奈酚-7-O-α-L-阿拉伯糖-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡糖苷(kaempferol-7-O-α-L-arabinosyl-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside,2);槲皮素-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡糖苷(quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside,3); 槲皮素-3-O-β-D-6″-乙酰基吡喃葡糖苷(quercetin-3-O-β-D-6″-acetylglucopyranoside,4)。结论化合物1为新化合物,其余均为首次从该种植物分到。     

朝鲜淫羊藿的化学成分

从朝鲜淫羊藿(Epimedium koreanum Na kai)的地上部分分离出3个新化合物,应用化学和波谱分析方法,其结构分别确定为3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖(1→3)-α-L-(4-乙酰基)吡喃鼠李糖-脱水淫羊藿素-7-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(1),2-(对-羟基苯氧)-5,7-二羟基-6-异戊烯基色酮(2),7-羟基-3,4,6-三甲氧基-9,10-二氢菲-2-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(3)。化合物1和3分别命名为朝藿苷丙(korepimedoside C)和淫羊藿苷A₇(icarisideA₇)。     

岗松中的一个新黄酮醇苷类化合物

为了研究岗松的化学成分，采用硅胶、聚酰胺柱层析色谱和重结晶的方法对化合物进行分离纯化，通过理化性质和波谱技术鉴定化合物结构。分离并鉴定了8个化合物：6，8-二甲基山柰酚-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷(1)、槲皮素(2)、槲皮素-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷(3)、杨梅素(4)、杨梅素-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷(5)、没食子酸(6)、熊果酸(7)和1,3-二羟基-2-(2′-甲基丙酰基)-5-甲氧基-6-甲基苯(8)。其中，化合物1为新黄酮醇苷类化合物，化合物2～7为首次从该植物中分离得到，化合物8为首次从植物中分离得到。     

夏至草中两种黄酮苷类化合物的研究

目的研究夏至草的化学成分。方法用硅胶柱色谱和葡聚糖凝胶柱法对夏至草的黄酮部分进行分离,应用波谱学方法鉴定结构。结果分离出2种黄酮类成分,分别鉴定为7-O-(6″-反式-对-香豆酰基)-β-D-半乳糖-芹菜素苷(I),7-O-(3″,6″-二-反式-对-香豆酰基)-β-D-半乳糖-芹菜素苷(II)。结论I和II均为新化合物。     

淫羊藿苷在大鼠体内的代谢

目的：为阐明淫羊藿苷在体内的作用形式,对淫羊藿苷的代谢产物及活性进行研究。方法：将淫羊藿苷给大鼠ig后,分析、分离并鉴定了其在小肠、尿、胆汁中的主要代谢产物。结果：在小肠及尿中鉴定有淫羊藿次苷II(icariside II)及淫羊藿素(icaritin),胆汁中有淫羊藿素3-O-α-L-鼠李吡喃糖基-7-O-β-D-葡萄吡喃糖醛酸苷(icaritin 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-7-O-β-D-glucopyranuronoside)和淫羊藿次苷II,并对淫羊藿苷在大鼠体内主要代谢途径进行了探讨。结论：淫羊藿苷在吸收之前已发生代谢,在体内主要是以其代谢产物的形式存在。     

胀果甘草中2个新的二氢黄酮甙

从胀果甘草(Glycyrhizia inflata Bat.)根茎的95%醇提取部分经HPLC分得两个新的二氢黄酮二糖链甙,经化学和波谱分析,将其结构分别确定为甘草素-7-O-β-D-呋喃芹糖-4′-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙(liquiritigenin-7-O-β-D-apiofuranosyl)-4′-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(I)和甘草素-7-O-β-D-(3-O-乙酰基)呋喃芹糖-4′-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-甙[liquiritigenin-7-O-β-D-(3-O-acetyl)-apiofuranosyl-4′-O-β-D-glucopyra-noside](I)。     

Sesquiterpenes with various carbon skeletons from Ligularia virgaurea spp. oligocephala

Two new 8,9-seco-cacalol-type sesquiterpene lactones, ligulolide C (1 and 2) and six known sesquiterpenes, adenostylide (3 and 4), cacalol (5), 1 -hydroxy-2-(3'-pentenyl)-3,7-dimethylbenzofuran (6), 1beta, 6alpha-dihydroxy-4(14)-eudesmene (7) and (+)-oplopanone (8), have been isolated from an extract of the whole plant of Ligularia virgaurea spp. oligocephala. The structures of 1 and 2 were confirmed by spectroscopic methods including 1D and 2D NMR spectra. A discussion of biogenesis of 1 and 2 was described. Cytotoxicity against selected cancer cells human promyelocytic leukemia (HL-60), human ovarian (HO-8910) and human lung epithehial (A-549) of compounds 1-8 were measured in vitro.     

Syntheses and pharmacological activities of the derivatives of furanosesquiterpenes from Ligularia virgaurea

Four benzofuranosesquiterpenes, 1-hydroxy-2-(3'-pentenyl)-3,7-dimethylbenzofuran (1), 1-hydroxy-2-(3'-pentenyl)-3,7-dimethylbenzofuran (2), cacalol (13), and 1,2-dehydrocacalohastin ( 14) were isolated from the rhizomes of Ligularia virgaurea (Compositae). A lipophilic group and an aqueous-favoring group were introduced to the compounds 1 and 13 to afford twelve new derivatives. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods. The results of the pharmacological test indicated that some of them can block Ca (++) influx by occupying binding sites of dihydropyridine.     

4-甲氧羰基-4-N-丙酰苯胺基哌啶1位衍生物的合成及其镇痛作用

本文报道了一系列N-[-1(2-苯乙基-4-甲氧羰基-4-哌啶基]-N-丙酰苯胺(4-甲氧羰基芬太尼)哌啶环1位取代衍生物的合成及其镇痛活性;讨论了结构与镇痛活性之间的关系。药理试验结果表明,大部分化合物具有典型的吗啡样镇痛活性,是一类作用极强的麻醉性镇痛剂。特别是哌啶环1位β-苯环被取代乙烯基替代的化合物具有相当或接近子母体化合物的镇痛活性。其代表物1321的镇痛活性(ED_(50)=0.005mg/kg ip,小鼠,热板法)略强于4-甲氧羰基芬太尼(ED_(50)=0.0063 mg/kg)。     

Two new monoterpenes from Sibiraea laevigata

Two new monoterpenes, 3-(2-oxo-4-methyl-3-pentenyl)furan-5H-2-one (1) and 3-[(2E)-4-hydroxyl-4-methyl-2-pentenyl)]furan-5H-2-one (2), along with eight known compounds (3–10), were isolated from the stalks and infructescence of Sibiraea laevigata. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods including extensive 1D and 2D NMR techniques. In addition, all of these isolates were evaluated for their cytotoxic and antioxidant activities. The results showed that compounds 5–7 displayed cytotoxicity with IC₅₀ values ranging from 34.8 to 43.2 μg ml^?1 against tumor cell lines. Furthermore, 5 and 9 showed antioxidant activities.     

Calcium dependency of the AT1-receptor mediated effects in the rat portal vein: influence of calcium antagonists

The calcium dependency of AT₁-receptor mediated contractions was studied in isolated rat portal vein preparations.The spontaneous phasic contractile force of the rat portal vein was increased (ED₅₀ = 1.76 mmol/l) and the frequency of contractions decreased by raising the extracellular calcium concentration. The Ang 11-induced rise in phasic contractile force (mediated by AT₁-receptors, Zhang et al. 1993) proved most pronounced at 0.9 mmol/l of calcium chloride, but it was weaker at either lower or higher calcium concentrations. The maximal increases in the phasic contractile force induced by Ang II were 2.4±0.4, 14.8±0.9 and 5±0.5 mN at calcium concentrations of 0.5, 0.9 and 2.5 mmol/l, respectively. Calcium antagonists reduced at the lower and abolished at the higher concentrations (nifedipine 2×10^–8 or 10^–7 mol/l; verapamil 10^–7 or 5 × 10^–7 mol/l; diltiazem 3 × 10^–7 or 10–6 mol/l) the spontaneous contractile force. All of these calcium antagonists caused a strong inhibition or suppression of the phasic contractions induced by Ang II.The rank order of potency was nifedipine >verapamil > diltiazem. Ang II (10^–6 mol/l) elicited a tonic contraction which was abolished by the AT₁-receptor antagonist losartan 10-6 mol/l but not by the AT₂-receptor antagonist PD 123177 (10–5 mol/l). Very high concentrations of nifedipine (10–6 mol/l), verapamil (5 × 10-6 mol/l) and diltiazem (5 × 10^–6 mol/l) almost suppressed the tonic effect evoked by the activation of AT₁-receptors.In a nominally Ca²⁺ free, EGTA-containing solution, a single supra-maximal concentration of Ang II (10^–6 mol/l) caused a transient contraction, also mediated by AT₁-receptors. This finding suggests the existence of Ang II-sensitive intracellular calcium stores in this preparation. The depletion of such stores proved complete after 4–6 min of perfusion in a Ca²⁺ free, EGTA-containing solution.In conclusion, various types of contractions (a transient contraction in a Ca²⁺-free medium, phasic and tonic contractions) induced by Ang II in the rat portal vein proved to be mediated by AT₁-receptors. These contractions were clearly modified by changes in the availability of extra- and possibly intracellular calcium ions. The calcium movements elicited by stimulation of AT₁-receptors in a calcium containing solution were inhibited by the three calcium antagonists investigated. Correspondence to: J. S. Zhang at the above address     

取代四氢异喹啉衍生物的合成及其生物活性

粉防己碱有钙拮抗作用,临床试用于治疗高血压,其裂解产物钙拮抗作用降低,但有α-肾上腺素能受体拮抗作用,本文以裂解物为先导化合物设计合成了两类取代的四氢异喹啉衍生物Ⅲ及Ⅳ。初步药理试验表明:大部分化合物有α-肾上腺素能受体拮抗作用,少数化合物钙拮抗活性有所增强,其中Ⅲ_15,19对正常麻醉大鼠有一定的降压作用、Ⅳ_17,19对实验性动物心律失常有明显的保护作用。部分化合物量化计算表明:化合物与α₁-受体作用方式可能是形成电荷转移复合物。     

Synthesis and calcium channel antagonist activity of nifedipine analogues with methylthioimidazole substituent

Various diester analogues of nifedipine, in which the orthonitrophenyl group at position 4 is replaced by 1-methyl-2-methylthio-5-imidazolyl substituent, were synthesized and evaluated as calcium channel antagonists on guinea-pig ileal smooth muscle. Nifedipine was used as standard. Comparison of the activities of symmetrical esters (3a-e) indicate that increasing the length of alkyl chain in C3 and C5 ester substituents increases the antagonist activity and the n-propyl ester being preferred (IC50= 2.66 x 10(-9) M). In asymmetrical series (6a-g), compound 6g having ethyl and n-butyl ester at C3 and C5 positions of basic dihydropyridine structure was found to be the most active (IC50= 1.32 x 10(-9) M).     

间硝苯吡啶与硝苯吡啶对离体心脏、血管钙拮抗作用的比较性研究

M-Nif对离体豚鼠左心房的钙拮抗作用PD₂′=7.05较Nif PD₂′=7.19弱,抑制心肌的IC₅₀=7.5×10^-8M亦较Nif IC₅₀=2.9×10^-6M弱2.6倍。在离体猪冠脉条实验中M-Nif PD₂′=7.06,Nif PD₂′=6.88,前者稍强,前者抑制血管的作用IC₅₀=6.166×10^-7M亦强于后者IC₅₀=7.02×10^-7M 114倍,Nif扩张血管作用较抑制心肌作用强10倍,提示M-Nif扩张血管与抑制心肌的宽度更大,对治疗心力衰竭、降压将更有利。     

疟原虫组织期裂殖体杀灭剂的研究:2-取代苯氧基和4-甲基伯氨喹以及喹噁啉类衍生物的合成

合成了2-取代苯氧基伯氨喹及其类似物和4-甲基伯氨喹及其同系物以及7-甲氧基-5-(1-氨基烃基)氨基喹噁啉类化合物。其中以4-甲基伯氨喹的同分异构体25及其同系物24的作用最强。感染约氏疟原虫(Plasmodium yoelii)子孢子的小鼠,用10mg/kg单剂灌胃,全部小鼠的原虫血症均呈阴性,疗效高于对照组伯氨喹。     

钙拮抗剂在心肌肥厚时对β受体阻滞剂撤药的影响

用腹主动脉结扎4周引起的压力超负荷型左室肥厚大鼠,观察长期大剂量用美托洛尔(metoprolol,Met)突然撤药1d后的血流动力学变化、心肌β受体变化,及硝苯地平(nifedipine,Nif),间硝地平(m-nifedipine,m-Nif)对这些变化的影响。Nif和m-Nif在减轻心肌肥厚的同时,均可缓解Met撤药后平均动脉压和左室收缩压的异常增高,并可防止β受体的上调。本结果提示合用钙拮抗剂可预防β阻滞剂的撤药反应。