蛋白丝/苏氨酸磷酸酶1和2A抑制药对大鼠三叉神经元电压依赖性钠通道的影响(英文)

目的通过研究蛋白丝/苏氨酸磷酸酶1和2A特异性抑制药冈田酸对大鼠三叉神经元电压依赖性钠电流的影响,探讨磷酸酶在细胞信号转导中的作用。方法在成年大鼠三叉神经元上进行全细胞膜片钳记录。结果1μmol·L-1冈田酸显著抑制总钠电流(INa-T) ,仅轻微抑制毒素不敏感型钠电流(INa-TTX-R) ,其抑制率分别为(20±13) %(n=9,P<0 .05)和(4±3) %(n=6, P<0 .05)。冈田酸对INa-T的激活曲线产生明显的超极化位移,半激活电压从给药前的-(13±8)mV升至给药后的-(16±7)mV(P<0 .05) ,但是对INa-TTX-R的激活曲线没有影响。结论①蛋白丝/苏氨酸磷酸酶参与了大鼠三叉神经元电压依赖性钠通道的调节。②大鼠三叉神经元存在多种电压依赖性钠通道,它们对冈田酸具有不同的敏感性。     

牛磺酸镁对缺氧/复氧致大鼠心肌细胞钙离子通道异常的影响

目的观察牛磺酸镁配合物(taurine magnesium coordination compound,TMCC)对缺氧/复氧损伤所致大鼠心室细胞异常L-型钙电流(ICa,L)的影响,以探讨其抗心律失常作用机制。方法酶解法分离大鼠单个心室肌细胞,应用全细胞膜片钳技术记录低(100μmol·L-1)、中(200μmol·L-1)、高(400μmol·L-1)3个浓度的牛磺酸镁及胺碘酮(24.24μmol·L-1)对缺氧/复氧大鼠心室细胞ICa,L的影响。结果缺氧/复氧使大鼠心室肌细胞ICa,L峰值从(3.35±0.50)pA/pF增大到(5.69±0.25)pA/pF(n=6,P<0.01),TMCC(100、200、400μmol·L-1)可使缺氧/复氧损伤模型增大的ICa,L峰值分别恢复到(5.28±0.18)pA/pF(n=6,P>0.05)、(4.41±0.22)pA/pF、(3.82±0.21)pA/pF(n=6,P<0.01)。24.24μmol·L-1胺碘酮使其恢复为(3.66±0.27)pA/pF(n=6,P<0.01)。与正常对照组相比,缺氧/复氧使钙激活曲线左移,激活加快,失活曲线右移,失活减慢,TMCC(200、400μmol·L-1)和胺碘酮(24.24μmol·L-1)可恢复左移的激活曲线,使激活减慢,恢复右移的失活曲线,使失活加快。结论 TMCC可通过促进钙通道的失活以及抑制钙通道的激活过程,浓度依赖性地恢复缺氧/复氧损伤引起的钙电流增大,其作用与胺碘酮相当,TMCC对钙电流的抑制作用可能是其发挥抗心律失常的机制之一。     

小檗碱对腹主动脉狭窄性心肌病大鼠心肌细胞钾电流的抑制作用

目的：研究小檗碱对腹主动脉狭窄性心肌病模型大鼠的心肌细胞中瞬时外向钾电流（Ito）和内向整流钾电流（IK1）的抑制作用,并探讨其作用机制。方法：对大鼠进行腹主动脉狭窄手术建立心肌病模型,以急性酶解法分离大鼠单个左心室肌细胞,用全细胞膜片钳技术记录钾电流。结果：相比于假手术组,心肌病模型组大鼠心肌细胞Ito和IK1的电流密度明显增加;小檗碱（10～100μmol.L-1）可浓度依赖性降低模型组大鼠心肌细胞Ito电流密度,IC50为（43.61±4.31）μmol.L-1,并使Ito稳态失活曲线向负电位方向移动,半数失活电压减少,而对Ito稳态激活曲线和Ito失活后恢复曲线无明显影响;此外,小檗碱可显著降低模型组大鼠心肌细胞IK1电流密度。结论：小檗碱对腹主动脉狭窄所致心肌病中出现异常增大的Ito和IK1离子流有明显阻断作用。     

水杨酸钠对大鼠海马神经元电压门控性钙离子通道的影响

目的研究水杨酸钠对大鼠海马神经元上电压门控性钙离子通道的作用,为海马参与耳鸣引起的情绪变化提供电生理学的依据。方法利用脑片膜片钳技术观察水杨酸钠对大鼠海马神经元电压门控性钙离子通道电生理学特性的影响。结果水杨酸钠对电压门控性钙离子通道电流(ICa)有抑制作用,而且具有浓度依赖性(0.1¹0 mmol·L-1)。水杨酸钠对海马神经元ICa的半抑制浓度(IC50)为1.64。1mmol·L-1水杨酸钠对ICa的稳态激活动力学有明显影响,使ICa的稳态激活曲线向超极化方向移动大约9 mV左右,但是对其稳态失活动力学没有明显影响。结论水杨酸钠以浓度依赖的方式抑制ICa,对其稳态激活动力学有明显影响。水杨酸钠对大鼠海马神经元上ICa的影响可能与海马参与耳鸣引起的情绪变化相关。     

东亚钳蝎中新分离的毒素BmTx3B抑制大鼠海马神经元延迟整流性钾电流

目的：研究从东亚钳蝎毒素中新分离的短肽BmTx3B对电压门控性钾通道的作用．方法：在酶解打散的新生大鼠海马细胞,采用全细胞电压箝位方式记录,并根据动力学特性分离二种电压依赖性钾电流．结果：BraTx3B(10-100μmol／L)选择地抑制延迟整流性钾电流(IK),不影响瞬时性快钾电流(IA)．此抑制作用是可逆的,呈现浓度依赖性,但无电压依赖性．BmTx3B对延迟整流性钾电流的稳态激活和稳态失活的动力学特性无影响．结论：蝎毒短肽BmTx3B选择地抑制海马神经元延迟整流性钾通道。     

碘化N-正丁基氟哌啶醇对大鼠心室肌细胞L型钙通道的阻断作用

目的研究碘化N-正丁基氟哌啶醇(F2)对大鼠心室肌细胞L-型钙通道(ICa)的影响。方法采用酶急性分离的单个大鼠心室肌细胞,应用膜片钳全细胞记录技术,观察F2对ICa的影响。结果F20.1,1,10×10-6mol.L-1可剂量依赖地抑制ICa,抑制率分别为40%,72%,84%,IC50为1.19×10-6mol.L-1。F2上移ICa的I-V曲线,但不改变ICa的最大锋电位和翻转电位;F2对ICa稳态激活曲线无明显改变;F2可使得ICa稳态失活曲线左移;延长ICa失活恢复时间。结论F2对心肌细胞ICa具有阻断作用。     

孤啡肽对大鼠顶叶皮层神经元延迟整流钾电流的抑制作用

目的研究孤啡肽(orphanin FQ/nociceptin,OFQ/N)对大鼠顶叶皮层神经元延迟整流钾电流(IK)的影响,初步探讨其干扰学习记忆过程的离子机制。方法采用全细胞膜片钳技术,观察OFQ/N对急性分离的大鼠顶叶皮层神经元IK的作用。结果①OFQ/N明显抑制IK,并呈剂量依赖性(P<0.05)。②0.1μmol.L-1OFQ/N使IK的电流-电压(I-V)曲线降低(n=8,P<0.01)。③0.1μmol.L-1OFQ/N使IK激活曲线的半数激活电压(V1/2)和斜率因子(k)分别由给药前的(-43.4±6.1)mV和(11.5±1.1)mV变为给药后的(-19.1±4.6)mV和(17.3±3.2)mV(n=8,P<0.01)。④0.1μmol.L-1OFQ/N使IK失活曲线的半数失活电压(V1/2)和斜率因子(k)分别由给药前的(-68.8±2.6)mV和(16.5±1.7)mV变为给药后的(-76.8±2.8)mV(n=5,P<0.01)和(15.7±3.1)mV(n=5,P>0.05)。结论OFQ/N可抑制大鼠顶叶皮层神经元IK,使IK激活曲线右移,失活曲线左移。     

氟康唑对豚鼠心室肌细胞I_K和在HEK-293细胞中表达的HERG钾通道的抑制作用

目的研究氟康唑对豚鼠心室肌细胞延迟整流钾电流(IK)和在HEK-293细胞中表达的HERG钾通道的抑制作用。方法应用酶解法消化豚鼠单个心室肌细胞,观察氟康唑对IK的影响;采用磷酸钙沉淀瞬时转染的方法将HERG基因表达于HEK-293细胞上,观察氟康唑对野生型HERG钾通道电流、激活和失活曲线的影响,以及氟康唑对Y652A和F656C突变型HERG钾通道的作用;IK和HERG电流的记录均采用全细胞膜片钳技术。结果氟康唑(0.01、0.1、1、3、10、30、100、300和1 000μmol.L-1)浓度依赖性地抑制IK和HERG钾电流,其IC50值分别为(68.1±21.6)μmol.L-1和(48.2±9.4)μmol.L-1,对HERG钾通道的电压依赖性激活和失活曲线无影响;与野生型(WT)比较,Y652A和F656C突变型可减弱氟康唑对HERG通道的阻断作用。结论氟康唑能阻断IK和HERG通道,Y652和F656是氟康唑与HERG通道结合的关键位点。     

花生四烯酸乙醇胺对大鼠心肌细胞L型钙电流的影响

目的研究anandamide(花生四烯酸乙醇胺)对单个大鼠心肌细胞L型钙电流(I Ca-L)的影响。方法应用全细胞膜片钳技术记录I Ca-L,并观察anandamide对该电流的作用。结果 (1)anandamide浓度依赖性地减小I Ca-L,其IC50值为(1.3±0.3)μmol·L-1。(2)1μmol·L-1anandamide可明显使稳态失活曲线左移,失活中点电压(V1/2)由(-34.4±0.2)mV变为(-42.2±0.6)mV,K值由(5.7±0.2)变为(6.4±0.4),表明anandamide改变了钙通道失活的电压依赖性。anandamide 1μmol·L-1对稳态激活曲线无明显影响。结论 anandamide可使稳态失活曲线左移而剂量依赖性地减小I Ca-L。     

地昔帕明对大鼠海马神经元钾电流的影响

目的研究地昔帕明(desipramine,DMI)对大鼠海马神经元钾电流的影响,初步探讨其抗抑郁的离子通道机制。方法酶解法急性分离单个大鼠海马神经元,应用全细胞膜片钳技术记录DMI对海马神经元钾电流的影响。结果不同浓度DMI均可抑制海马神经元延迟整流钾电流(IK)和瞬时外向钾电流(IA)的影响,其中,100μmol·L-1DMI明显下移IK和IA电流电压曲线,同时,DMI对IK的抑制率明显高于IA。结论DMI对大鼠海马神经元外向钾电流具有明显的抑制作用,提示这可能是其神经保护的机制之一。     

Effects of sodium metabisulfite on potassium currents in acutely isolated CA1 pyramidal neurons of rat hippocampus.

The effects of sodium metabisulfite (SMB), a food preservative mostly used in food and drug industries, on voltage-dependent potassium currents in acutely isolated hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons of rat were studied using the whole-cell patch-clamp techniques. SMB increased transient outward potassium current (IA) and delayed rectifier potassium current (IK) in a concentration-dependent manner. 10 microM SMB shifted the steady-state activation curve of IK to more negative potentials, and the steady-state inactivation curves of IA and IK to more positive potentials. Time to peak of IA was not affected, but the decay of IA was delayed by SMB. However, the activation and inactivation time constants of IK were both decreased by SMB. These results suggested that SMB differently affected IA and IK, and it would decrease the excitability of hippocampal neuron by increasing potassium currents.     

他克林对培养大鼠海马神经元延迟整流钾电流和瞬间外向钾电流的影响

目的研究他克林对培养大鼠海马神经元上延迟整流钾电流(I_K)和瞬间外向钾电流(I_A)的影响。方法 大鼠海马神经元原代培养,全细胞膜片钳记录培养大鼠海马神经元上电压依赖性外向钾电流和瞬间外向钾电流变化。结果他克林明显抑制海马神经元延迟整流钾电流和瞬间外向钾电流,呈浓度依赖性,对延迟整流钾电流的敏感性高于瞬间外向钾电流。30 μmol·L^-1他克林显著影响I_K和I_A稳态激活曲线,使所有电流的V_1/2左移。结论他克林明显抑制延迟整流钾电流和瞬间外向钾电流,对延迟整流钾电流的敏感性高于瞬间外向钾电流。     

Effects of aluminum chloride on sodium current, transient outward potassium current and delayed rectifier potassium current in acutely isolated rat hippocampal CA1 neurons.

The effects of aluminum chloride (AlCl3) on sodium current (INa), the transient outward potassium (IA) and delayed rectifier potassium currents (IK) in hippocampal CA1 neurons of rats were studied using the whole cell patch-clamp technique. AlCl3 decreased INa, IA, and IK in a partly reversible, dose and voltage-dependent manner. AlCl3 prolonged the time to peak of INa, and increased the inactivation time constants of INa and IA . In addition, 1000 microM AlCl3 shifted the voltage dependence of steady-state activation of INa, IA and IK toward positive potential, and the voltage dependence of steady-state inactivation of INa, IA toward negative potential. These results imply that AlCl3 could affect the activation and inactivation courses of sodium current and potassium current of rat hippocampal CA1 neurons, which may contribute to damage of the central nervous system by aluminum.     

水杨酸钠对大鼠颞皮层神经元延迟整流钾通道的抑制作用

目的了解延迟整流钾通道在水杨酸钠导致耳鸣的机制中所起的作用。方法利用全细胞膜片钳技术研究水杨酸钠对急性分离的大鼠颞皮层神经元延迟整流钾通道的影响。结果水杨酸钠能够抑制延迟整流钾通道电流(IK(DR))的幅度,而且此抑制作用具有浓度依赖性(0.1～10 mmol.L-1)。水杨酸钠抑制IK(DR)的半抑制浓度(IC50)值为2.13mmol.L-1。1 mmol.L-1水杨酸钠将IK(DR)的激活曲线向超极化方向移动14 mV,将失活曲线向超极化方向移动17mV,并将失活后恢复曲线的时间常数(τ)延长为加药前的171%。结论水杨酸钠以浓度依赖的方式抑制IK(DR),而且影响IK(DR)的激活和失活动力学特征。水杨酸钠对IK(DR)的影响可能与水杨酸钠导致耳鸣的机制有关。     

体外培育牛黄抑制大鼠三叉神经节细胞电压依赖性钙通道电流参与镇痛机制

目的:研究体外培育牛黄(CBS)对大鼠三叉神经节(TRG)细胞电压依赖性钙通道电流(ICa)的影响,探讨牛黄镇痛作用的电生理机制。方法:在培养大鼠TRG细胞上采用全细胞膜片钳记录ICa。结果:CBS能够剂量依赖性地抑制TRG细胞电压依赖性钙通道电流,0.2,2,20μg.ml-1CBS可使钙电流幅值分别减少(30.3±4.7)%、(41.9±3.6)%和(56.7±6.8)%(n=6,P<0.01)。结论:CBS对钙电流的阻滞作用可能是其镇痛作用机制之一。     

CHRONIC LEVOTHYROXIN TREATMENT IS ASSOCIATED WITH ION CHANNEL ABNORMALITIES IN CARDIAC AND NEURONAL CELLS

1. We investigated the ion currents responsible for repolarization of guinea-pig isolated myocytes (ICa) and rat hippocampal CA1 neurons (IA and IK) by means of the whole-cell holding technique. 2. The rat hypertrophied heart, induced by levothyroxin, caused exaggerated cardiac arrhythmias after coronary ischaemia-reperfusion. 3. We found an enhanced ICa in guinea-pig isolated myocytes and decreased IA and IK in rat hippocampal CA1 neurons following levothyroxin treatment. Blockade of the outward K+ current and an increment in inward Ca2+ current by chronic levothyroxin treatment contributed to the delayed repolarization and aggravated cardiac arrhythmias. 4. Animals treated with chronic levothyroxin may serve as pathological models for the investigation of the pattern of ion channel disorders with regard to impaired repolarization and aggravated cardiac arrhythmias.     

Inhibition of calcium currents in cultured rat dorsal root ganglion neurones by (-)-baclofen.

Voltage-dependent inward calcium currents (ICa) activated in cultured rat dorsal root ganglion neurones were reversibly reduced in a dose-dependent manner by (-)-baclofen (10 microM to 100 microM). Baclofen (100 microM) reduced the calcium-dependent slow outward potassium current (IK(Ca)). This current was abolished in calcium-free medium and by 300 microM cadmium chloride. The action of baclofen on IK(Ca) was reduced when the calcium concentration in the medium was increased from 5 mM to 30 mM. The calcium independent fast transient voltage-dependent outward current (IK(Vt] was also reduced by baclofen; this effect remained present when Ca2+-free medium was used to prevent contamination by IK(Ca). 4-Aminopyridine (500 microM) reduced IK(Vt) and induced a small increase in ICa. The action of baclofen on ICa was partially antagonized by 4-aminopyridine. GABAB receptor-mediated inhibition of ICa in cultured rat dorsal root ganglion neurones involves a direct mechanism rather than resulting indirectly from an increase in the residual outward potassium currents activated by depolarization. The reduction in ICa by baclofen was variable and dependent on the amplitude of control ICa, larger currents being more resistant to the baclofen-induced inhibition.     

兴奋性氨基酸及尼莫地平对培养大鼠脑皮层神经元钙电流的影响

AIM: To study the effect of excitatory amino acid (EAA) and calcium channel blocker on neuronal calcium channels. METHODS: With path-clamp technique (whole-cell recording), the effects of Bay-K-8644, cesium glutamate, potassium aspartate, and nimodipine (Nim) on calcium currents (ICa) in cultured cortical neurons of neonatal rats were studied. RESULTS: ICa was raised obviously by Bay-K-8644 and glutamate. ICa was raised concentration-dependently by aspartate (0.5, 5, 50 mmol.L-1), with increasing rates 15% +/- 3%, 37% +/- 3%, and 53% +/- 6%, respectively. The inhibition of ICa was obvious while adding Nim in the bath solution. With Nim 10 mumol.L-1, the inhibitory rate was 46% +/- 4%. CONCLUSION: EAA had increasing effects on neuronal calcium currents and Nim inhibited Ca2+ influx in neurons.     

Selective suppression of the slow-inactivating potassium currents by nootropics in molluscan neurons

The role of the voltage-gated K+ channels in the effect of some nootropics was investigated. Earlier, the multiple effect of high concentrations of two nootropics, piracetam and its peptide analogue GVS-111 [Seredenin et al. (1995), US Patent No. 5,439,930], on Ca2+ and K+ currents of molluscan neurons was shown [Solntseva et al. (1997), General Pharmacology 29, 85-89]. In the present work, we describe the selective effect of low concentrations of these nootropics as well as vinpocetine on certain types of K+ current. The experiments were performed on isolated neurons of the land snail Helix pomatia using a two-microelectrode voltage-clamp method. The inward voltage-gated Ca2+ current (ICa) and three subtypes of the outward voltage-gated K+ current were recorded: Ca2+-dependent K+ current (IK(Ca)), delayed rectifying current (IKD), and fast-inactivating K+ current (IA). It has been found that I Ca was not changed in the presence of 30 microM vinpocetine, 100 microM piracetam or 10 nM GVS-111, while slow-inactivating, TEA-sensitive IK(Ca) and IKD were inhibited (IK(Ca) more strongly than IKD). In contrast, the fast-inactivating, 4-AP-sensitive K+ current (IA) was not diminished by low concentrations of piracetam and GVS-111, while vinpocetine even augmented it. A possible role of slow-inactivating subtypes of the K+ channels in the development of different forms of dementia is discussed.