Partial unilateral lentiginosis: report of seven cases and review of the literature

Partial unilateral lentiginosis is a rare disorder of cutaneous pigmentation characterized by the presence of multiple lesions of simple lentigo involving, wholly or partially, one half of the body. We report seven cases of this condition.     

Vulvar melanoma: a report of 20 cases and review of the literature

BACKGROUND: Vulvar melanoma is the second most common vulvar malignancy and represents a significant women's health issue. OBJECTIVE: To report experience with 21 cases of vulvar melanoma in 20 patients and to review the literature about the condition. METHODS: Parameters retrospectively reviewed included age at diagnosis, family history of melanoma, location on the vulva, atypical nevi, Breslow depth, ulceration status, histologic pattern, presenting signs and symptoms, and the results of sentinel lymph node biopsy. Molecular characterization of the melanocortin type 1 receptor was performed in 1 patient. RESULTS: A family history of cutaneous melanoma was present in 15% of cases. The mean Breslow depth was 2.8 mm (range, 0.0-11.0 mm). Ten patients successfully underwent sentinel lymph node biopsy, results of which were positive in 2 (20%). Reported for the first time is that one patient had a germline mutation in the melanocortin type 1 receptor. CONCLUSION: Vulvar and cutaneous melanoma behave similarly despite their unique pathogeneses. Sentinel lymph node biopsy can be performed successfully for vulvar melanoma.     

Cutaneous larva migrans with folliculitis: report of seven cases and review of the literature

Seven patients (four men, three women, mean age 31 years), all returning from the tropics, presented with pruritic folliculitis and creeping eruption. The folliculitis consisted of 20-100 follicular papules and pustules confined to a particular area of the body, mainly the buttocks. The creeping eruption consisted of two to 10 serpiginous or linear burrows 1-5 cm long located either in the same area or in a different area from the folliculitis. Five patients were cured with one to three courses of ivermectin (one course in two cases, two courses in two cases and three courses in one case) and two patients were cured with a 3-day regimen of albendazole. Folliculitis should be added to the dermatological manifestations of cutaneous larva migrans. Treatment is more difficult than in classical forms of cutaneous larva migrans.     

Onychomatricoma: case report of an unusual subungual tumor with literature review

Onychomatricoma is rare subungual tumor of nail matrix origin. We report a 40-year-old white man with an onychomatricoma of the left index finger that highlights the characteristic clinical and pathological features and expands the known case material. We also review the published medical literature on the subject.     

Desmoplastic malignant melanoma of the lip: a report of 6 cases and review of the literature

Desmoplastic malignant melanoma is a rare neoplasm consisting primarily of spindle-shaped melanoma cells embedded in a fibrous stroma, with approximately 6% of cases occurring in the lip. A literature search revealed that most reported cases occur in sun-exposed areas in older men. Few cases of desmoplastic malignant melanoma of the lip in young people (in their mid-twenties) have been described. We report 6 previously undocumented cases of labial desmoplastic malignant melanoma occurring in young individuals and review 20 cases from the literature. Physicians should consider the possibility of desmoplastic malignant melanoma in young people who present with atypical lip lesions, which on histopathologic analysis demonstrate spindle-cell hyperplasia. Although this diagnosis is rare and there have not been reports of such patients in the literature thus far, our findings should alert clinicians to the possibility of desmoplastic malignant melanoma as a diagnosis for lip lesions in young people.     

Vulvar malignant melanoma associated with human papillomavirus DNA: report of two cases and review of literature

Oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) types such as HPV 16 are known to play a crucial role in the development of anogenital carcinomas. The etiology of anogenital malignant melanoma is unknown. We report two case of vulvar malignant melanoma in which multiple HPV types including HPV 16 and putative novel HPV types (alb-1, alb-2, alb-7, and alb-10) were identified by degenerated nested polymerase chain techniques (polymerase chain reaction) in both the malignant melanoma and surrounding skin. One melanoma was associated with lichen sclerosus, and the other, with melanoma in situ and pigmented vulvar squamous papillomatosis. These melanomas harbored HPV types alb-7, and HPV 16 as well as alb-1, respectively. HPV types 16, 20, 21, 36, alb-2, and AJ001060 were detected in vulvar skin affected by lichen sclerosus. Vulvar squamous papillomatosis harbored HPV types 28 and alb-10. HPV 16 was physically integrated into the host genome in lichen sclerosus skin and possibly in the melanoma associated with pigmented vulvar squamous papillomatosis. Twenty-two percent (4 of 18) of normal control specimens from skin tumor excisions were found to harbor HPV DNA (HPV types 3, 54, and alb-7); none of these control samples harbored multiple HPV DNA. These findings of multiple HPV DNA and integrated HPV 16 in skin associated with vulvar malignant melanoma indicate that HPV may play a role in the development of vulvar malignant melanoma. The role of HPV could be either direct through infection of melanocytes or indirect as a cofactor with free radicals in chronic fibroinflammatory vulvar disorders such as lichen sclerosus.     

Malignant melanoma arising in a radiotherapy field: report of two cases and review of the literature

We report 2 patients who developed melanoma or melanoma metastases in radiation fields 6 and 43 years after radiation therapy, respectively. One of the patients had received adjuvant hyperfractionated photon therapy for Ewing sarcoma, while the other patient had received X-ray therapy for a hemangioma. While postradiation secondary cancers with a long latency period are not uncommon, the development of melanoma is exceedingly rare.     

22例甲下黑素瘤临床及组织病理学分析

目的:探讨甲下黑素瘤的临床及组织病理学特点。方法:回顾分析西京医院皮肤科2003—2009年间诊断的22例甲下黑素瘤患者临床及组织病理学特点。结果:全部患者均为成人,其中男9例,女13例。发生于拇指9例,示指5例,发生于第一趾4例,发生于其他指(趾)4例。16例出现甲周皮肤颜色变黑,10例表现为甲板毁损或溃疡、结节性损害,6例为单纯甲黑线或黑甲。组织病理资料分析结果表明10例为原位黑素瘤,12例为浸润性黑素瘤。结论:甲下黑素瘤好发于成年人,尤其是中老年患者,拇指、示指以及第一趾是其好发部位。早期甲下黑素瘤表现为皮损较宽、颜色不均的甲黑线或弥漫性黑甲,晚期甲下黑素瘤累及甲周皮肤,或形成结节溃疡性损害。甲下原位黑素瘤表现为甲母质或甲床部位单个黑素细胞增生,黑素细胞位置较高(基底层以上),核染色质深,细胞树突明显,合成颗粒较粗大的黑素。甲下浸润性黑素瘤累及真皮内,呈浸润性生长,细胞异形性明显。     

单纯性汗腺棘皮瘤五例皮肤镜特征及文献复习

目的:报道5例单纯性汗腺棘皮瘤(HS)病例,归纳皮肤镜特征,并复习相关文献.方法:检索国内外报道的具有详细皮肤镜资料的HS病例,分析HS的皮肤镜表现.结果:共分析24例患者,包括文献检索到的19例患者和本文报道的5例.24例患者中包括10例无色素型HS和14例色素型HS.无色素型HS的常见皮肤镜表现为多形性血管(100...     

毛囊黏蛋白病二例并文献复习

报道2例毛囊黏蛋白病并进行文献复习.患者1,男,44岁,颈项部局限性浸润性红斑伴疼痛2个月,组织病理示:真皮毛囊水肿,毛囊内外淋巴组织细胞浸润,个别嗜酸粒细胞.阿新蓝染色:毛囊黏蛋白阳性.患者2,男,32岁,左面部浸润性暗红斑45天,组织病理示:表皮大致正常,毛囊上皮水肿,淡蓝色黏液样物质沉积,毛囊内及毛囊周围较多嗜酸...     

无水疱性类天疱疮二例并文献复习

报道2例无水疱性类天疱疮并复习以往相关文献。例1，男，72岁，因全身皮肤红斑、丘疹伴瘙痒20天就诊，查体未见水疱。实验室检查血嗜酸性粒细胞升高，直接免疫荧光示基底膜带线状C3沉积，间接免疫荧光示抗基底膜带抗体阳性，抗BP230抗体、抗BP180抗体阳性。例2，女，79岁。因全身皮肤散在分布丘疹伴严重瘙痒20天就诊，查体见躯干四肢皮肤抓痕明显，未见水疱。血清中抗BP180抗体阳性。2例均诊断：无水疱性类天疱疮。予以小剂量糖皮质激素治疗后，控制病情，目前在随访中。     

匐行性血管瘤三例并文献复习

报道本院诊断的3例匐行性血管瘤(AS),并在“中国知网、PUBMED”对近20年来公开发表的关于AS的中英文文献进行回顾分析,以期提高临床医生对该疾病的认识。结果共分析122例AS患者,男女比例为1∶1.8,平均发病年龄为12.4岁,18岁前发病者占79.6%,单侧发病者占69.7%,主要表现为多个针头大小红色或紫红色斑点,散在或簇集,以匐行、环形或线形模式发展。组织病理显示表皮大致正常,真皮浅层毛细血管扩张和(或)增生,无含铁血黄素沉积、红细胞外溢及炎细胞浸润。皮肤镜显示多个边界清楚的圆形至椭圆形红色泻湖。治疗主要以血管激光为主,尤其是脉冲染料激光,显示良好的反应性。     

带状疱疹后假性腹壁疝二例并文献复习

带状疱疹后假性腹壁疝是带状疱疹发生的一种罕见的与腹壁疝相似的神经系统并发症,所引起的腹壁隆起性肿物实际上是病毒引起节段性腹肌瘫痪或无力的结果,大多数可完全恢复,预后良好。本文报道2例带状疱疹后假性腹壁疝并对10年国内外文献报道病例进行分析。共分析27例患者,平均年龄68.2岁,63.0%为男性,常受累的神经是T11（31.4%）。25例腹壁假疝发生在皮肤症状之后,平均时间为23天。行肌电图检查3例,异常2例; 影像学检查15例,其中异常5例。27例中,14例(51.9%)腹壁假疝完全自然康复,平均时间为3.4个月(范围1~8个月);3例(11.1%)部分恢复,平均随访时间2.3个月。7例患者恢复时间不详,1例失访。     

Tufted angioma (angioblastoma): case report and review of 41 cases in the Japanese literature

We report a 53-year-old man with a 2-year history of a violaceous indurated plaque on the shoulder. Although angiosarcoma was clinically suspected, histological examination revealed numerous lobules ('tufts') with cleft-like vascular lumina throughout the dermis and subcutaneous tissue. Tumour cells had no nuclear atypia and were positive for CD34, but almost negative for factor VIII-related antigen. These findings were compatible with a diagnosis of tufted angioma, or angioblastoma. We reviewed 41 cases reported in Japan and found that, although most patients presented during the first year of life (23/41), the condition does occur throughout childhood and adult life. Both sexes are affected equally and, contrary to some reports, it is unlikely that oestrogens have a pathogenic role.     

Atypical fibroxanthoma-like amelanotic malignant melanoma: A case report and literature review

Atypical fibroxanthoma (AFX)-like malignant melanoma is very rare. Here, we report a case of amelanotic AFX-like melanoma in a 72-year-old Taiwanese woman presenting with two separate, asymptomatic, enlarging erythematous nodules within a large hypopigmented patch on her left cheek. Histologically, both lesions showed cellular nodules in the reticular dermis separated from the overlying flattened epidermis by a zone of solar elastosis or fibrosis. The tumor consisted of sheets of atypical epithelioid cells arranged in a vague nesting pattern, as well as many atypical large or gigantic cells with one or more, large hyperchromatic, vesicular, or pleomorphic nuclei with prominent nucleoli, and moderate-to-abundant eosinophilic or foamy cytoplasm. Focal intraepidermal proliferation of atypical melanocytes with a pagetoid pattern was found only in the periphery of the main tumor. The tumor cells were moderately to strongly positive for S-100, Melan-A, and HMB-45. The pleomorphic giant cells were focally CD68-positive but CD163-negative. The patient underwent tumor excision followed by radiotherapy due to the narrow surgical margins. A sentinel lymph node biopsy revealed no metastasis of the melanoma. This case illustrates the importance of scrutinizing any subtle proliferation of atypical melanocytes in the epidermis in an AFX-like tumor in order to avoid misdiagnosis.     

婴幼儿带状疱疹三例并文献复习

目的:分析婴幼儿带状疱疹的临床特点.方法:报道3例婴幼儿带状疱疹病例并对近10年文献报道病例进行回顾性分析.结果:共分析26例患儿,年龄74天～3岁,其中≤6个月患儿8例(30.8％);孕期或产后感染及接触VZV史12例(50％);患儿感染或接触VZV史7例(31.8％);伴有上呼吸道感染症状15例(60％);皮疹与成...